T3P1 Algebra

Example 1
A rope was tied around the equator of the Earth, which is assumed to be a perfect sphere.
How much in metres should the length of the rope be increased by if the rope were to be
elevated 5 m above the ground? (𝜋 = 3.14)
Practice 1
The perimeter of a rectangle is 50 m. The length and breadth of the rectangle are each
increased by 3 m. How much, in m2, did the area of the rectangle increase by?
1 © Terry Chew Academy 2023

Practice 2
There are 2 groups of numbers, 𝐴 and 𝐵, such that there are less than 10 numbers in each
group. The average of the numbers in 𝐴 is 12.8, while the average of the numbers in 𝐵 is
10.2. Given that the average of all the numbers is 12.02, how many numbers are there in
𝐴?
© Terry Chew Academy 2023 2

Practice 3
Rice is packed into 3 types of packages – type 𝐴, type 𝐵 and type 𝐶. The worker can either
use 2 packets of 𝐴 and 1 packet of 𝐵, or 2 packets of 𝐵 and 1 packet of 𝐶 to fill a container.
! !
If " of a packet of 𝐴 and " of a packet of 𝐵 are used to fill an empty container, how many
more packets of 𝐶 are required to fill it to the brim?
Example 2
On Tree Planting Day, each boy in 𝐴𝐵𝐶 Primary School is to plant 10 trees, while each girl
is to plant 8 trees. The total number of students involved was 300. On that day itself, 20%
of the boys were reassigned for another school project. How many trees were planted by
the remaining students?

Practice 4
If Mark walked for 10 minutes and then jogged for 2 minutes, he would have arrived at
school on time. If he walked for 6 minutes and jogged for the remaining distance, he would
have arrived at school 2 minutes and 24 seconds earlier. What is the ratio of Mark’s jogging
speed to his walking speed?
Example 3
There are 2 candles of different radii and length. One will finish burning in 3.5 hours, and
the other will finish burning in 5 hours. The 2 candles were lit at the same time and burnt
to the same height after 2 hours. Given that each candle burns at a constant rate, find the
ratio of the lengths of the 2 candles.

Practice 5
An empty water tank has 3 inlet pipes 𝐴, 𝐵 and 𝐶. If 𝐴 and 𝐵 are turned on at the same
time, when 𝐴 has filled 18 tons of water, the tank is full. If 𝐴 and 𝐶 are turned on at the
same time, when 𝐴 has filled 27 tons of water, the tank is full. Given that the rate of flow
#
of 𝐵 is ! times that of 𝐶, determine the capacity of the tank.

Practice 6
Candles 𝐴 and 𝐵 are of the same length. 𝐴 takes 5 hours to finish burning, while 𝐵 takes 4
hours to finish burning. Both candles are being lit at the same time. Given that each of them
burns at a constant rate, how long, in hours, would it take for 𝐴 to be thrice the length of
𝐵?

Practice 7
Car 𝐴 left Town 𝐴 at the same time when Car 𝐵 left Town 𝐵, both cars travelling towards
each other. The 2 cars met after 8 hours. Car 𝐴 then took another 4 hours to reach Town
𝐵. Given that Car 𝐴 is faster than Car 𝐵 by 35 km/h, find the distance between Town 𝐴 and
Town 𝐵.

Example 4
When a certain amount of water was added to a glass of saline solution, the saline
concentration becomes 3% (3 g out of a 100 g solution is salt). When the same amount of
water was added again, the saline concentration becomes 2%. If the same amount of
water was added yet again, what would the saline concentration be?

Practice 8
𝐴 contains 400 g of saline solution with a salt concentration of 20%. 𝐵 contains 600 g of
saline solution with a salt concentration of 10% . 𝑥 g of solution is taken each from
𝐴 and 𝐵 separately, and then poured into the other solution simultaneously. It is found
that the resultant solutions in both 𝐴 and 𝐵 have the same concentration after mixing. Find
the value of 𝑥.

Try These!
1. Before the avian flu hit, there were an equal number of oxen, sheep, horses and rabbits
in Mr Simmon’s farm. 3 farmers were heard chatting after the pandemic.
𝐴: 1 out of 5 oxen died.

𝐵: The number of sheep which survived is the same as the number of horses which
died.
$
𝐶: The number of rabbits which survived made up %! of all remaining livestock.
Find the ratio of the number of rabbits before the pandemic to that after the
pandemic.

2. The area of the shaded region is given to be 25 cm2. Find the area of the ‘ring’, given
that 𝜋 = 3.14.

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Example 1

1 © Terry Chew Academy 2023

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3 © Terry Chew Academy 2023

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5 © Terry Chew Academy 2023

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7 © Terry Chew Academy 2023

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9 © Terry Chew Academy 2023

𝐴: 1 out of 5 oxen died.

© Terry Chew Academy 2023 10

11 © Terry Chew Academy 2023

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