Java - Introduction to Programming
Lecture 12
Strings
Declaration
String name = "Tony";
Taking Input
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
String name = sc.next();
Concatenation (Joining 2 strings)
String firstName = "Tony";
String secondName = "Stark";
String fullName = firstName + " " + secondName;
System.out.println(fullName);
Print length of a String
String firstName = "Tony";
String secondName = "Stark";
String fullName = firstName + " " + secondName;
System.out.println(fullName.length());
Access characters of a string
String firstName = "Tony";
String secondName = "Stark";
String fullName = firstName + " " + secondName;
for(int i=0; i<fullName.length(); i++) {
System.out.println(fullName.charAt(i));
}
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Compare 2 strings
import java.util.*;
public class Strings {
public static void main(String args[]) {
String name1 = "Tony";
String name2 = "Tony";
if(name1.equals(name2)) {
System.out.println("They are the same string");
} else {
System.out.println("They are different strings");
}
//DO NOT USE == to check for string equality
//Gives correct answer here
if(name1 == name2) {
System.out.println("They are the same string");
} else {
System.out.println("They are different strings");
}
//Gives incorrect answer here
if(new String("Tony") == new String("Tony")) {
System.out.println("They are the same string");
} else {
System.out.println("They are different strings");
}
}
}
Substring
The substring of a string is a subpart of it.
public class Strings {
public static void main(String args[]) {
String name = "TonyStark";
System.out.println(name.substring(0, 4));
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}
}
ParseInt Method of Integer class
public class Strings {
public static void main(String args[]) {
String str = "123";
int number = Integer.parseInt(str);
System.out.println(number);
}
}
ToString Method of String class
public class Strings {
public static void main(String args[]) {
int number = 123;
String str = Integer.toString(number);
System.out.println(str.length());
}
}
ALWAYS REMEMBER : Java Strings are Immutable.
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Homework Problems
1. Take an array of Strings input from the user & find the cumulative (combined)
length of all those strings.
import java.util.*;
public class Strings {
public static void main(String args[]) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner (System.in);
int size = sc.nextInt();
String array[] = new String[size];
int totLength = 0;
for(int i=0; i<size; i++) {
array[i] = sc.next();
totLength += array[i].length();
System.out.println(totLength);
2. Input a string from the user. Create a new string called ‘result’ in which you will
replace the letter ‘e’ in the original string with letter ‘i’.
Example :
original = “eabcdef’ ; result = “iabcdif”
Original = “xyz” ; result = “xyz”
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import java.util.*;
public class Strings {
public static void main(String args[]) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner (System.in);
String str = sc.next();
String result = "";
for(int i=0; i<str.length(); i++) {
if(str.charAt(i) == 'e') {
result += 'i';
} else {
result += str.charAt(i);
System.out.println(result);
3. Input an email from the user. You have to create a username from the email by
deleting the part that comes after ‘@’. Display that username to the user.
Example :
email = “apnaCollegeJava@gmail.com” ; username = “apnaCollegeJava”
email = “helloWorld123@gmail.com”; username = “helloWorld123”
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import java.util.*;
public class Strings {
public static void main(String args[]) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner (System.in);
String email = sc.next();
String userName = "";
for(int i=0; i<email.length(); i++) {
if(email.charAt(i) == '@') {
break;
} else {
userName += email.charAt(i);
System.out.println(userName);
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