##own module

Example:
import calculo as cu
a= cu.add
a(5,6)
Output:
11

## built in modules
**to get list of all module
Example:
help("modules")

**to get all func in module

Example:
from matplotlib import pyplot
print(dir(pyplot))

**to find path it search for module

Example:
import sys
print(sys.path)

##date and time

##time and datetime module
**time module
Example:
import time
a=time.ctime()
b=time.time()
d= time.localtime()
e=time.gmtime()
f=time.mktime(d)
g=time.asctime()
h=time.strftime("%d/%m/%y")
#j="08-08-2019"
#i=time.strptime(j,"%d-%m-%y")
#answer is not coming for above comment check later
print(a)
print(b)
print(d)
print(e)
print(f)
print(g)
print(h)
#print(i)

Output:
Mon Feb 15 01:13:35 2021
1613331815.2928958
time.struct_time(tm_year=2021, tm_mon=2, tm_mday=15, tm_hour=1, tm_min=13,
tm_sec=35, tm_wday=0, tm_yday=46, tm_isdst=0)
time.struct_time(tm_year=2021, tm_mon=2, tm_mday=14, tm_hour=19, tm_min=43,
tm_sec=35, tm_wday=6, tm_yday=45, tm_isdst=0)
1613331815.0
Mon Feb 15 01:13:35 2021
15/02/21
**datetime module
Example:
import datetime
a=datetime.datetime(2019,6,7,4,30,54,678)
b=datetime.datetime.today()
c=datetime.datetime.now()
d=c.year #also have month,hour,date
e=datetime.date(2019,5,8)
f=datetime.time(3,8,12)
g1=datetime.timedelta(days=20)
g2=datetime.timedelta(days=30)
g3=g1-g2
print(a)
print(b)
print(c)
print(d)
print(e)
print(f)
print(g3)
print(type(g3))

Output:
2019-06-07 04:30:54.000678
2021-02-15 01:29:28.706968
2021-02-15 01:29:28.706967
2021
2019-05-08
03:08:12
-10 days, 0:00:00
<class 'datetime.timedelta'>

##Numpy
#### It store data as two dimensional array
Example:
import numpy as np
a=np.array([(1,2,3),(4,5,6),(7,8,9)])
print(a)

Output:
[[1 2 3]
[4 5 6]
[7 8 9]]

##size compare of list and numpy

Example:
import numpy as np
import time
import sys

s=range(1000)
print(sys.getsizeof(1)*len(s)) # you getting size of some int and multiple by
len(s)

d=np.arange(1000)
print(d.size*d.itemsize)

Output:
28000
4000
 ##numpy is faster than list
Example:
import numpy as np
import time
import sys

size = 1000000

li1 = range(size)
li2 = range(size)

ny1 = np.arange(size)
ny2 = np.arange(size)

start = time.time()
result = [(x,y) for x,y in zip(li1,li2)]
print((time.time()-start)*1000)

start = time.time()
result = ny1+ny2
print((time.time()-start)*1000)

Output:
143.52774620056152
47.97053337097168

##dimension of array ,bitesize ,datatype, size, shape

Example:
import numpy as np

a=np.array([(1,2,3),(4,5,6)])
b=np.array([1,2,3])

print(a.ndim)
print(a.itemsize)
print(a.dtype)
print(a.size)
print(a.shape)

print(b.ndim)
print(b.itemsize)
print(b.dtype)
print(b.size)
print(b.shape)

Ouput:
2
4
int32
6
(2, 3)
1
4
int32
3
(3,)

##reshape and slicing and linespacing

Example:
import numpy as np

a=np.array([(1,2,3,4),(3,4,5,6),(4,5,6,7)])
print(a)
print(a[0,1])
print(a[0:2,3])
print(a[0:,3])
print(" ")

a=a.reshape(4,3)
print(a)

c=np.linspace(1,5,10)
print(c)

Output:
[[1 2 3 4]
[3 4 5 6]
[4 5 6 7]]
2
[4 6]
[4 6 7]

[[1 2 3]
[4 3 4]
[5 6 4]
[5 6 7]]

[1. 1.44444444 1.88888889 2.33333333 2.77777778 3.22222222

3.66666667 4.11111111 4.55555556 5. ]

##min max
Example:
import numpy as np

a=np.array([1,2,3])
print(a.min())
print(a.max())
print(a.sum())

Output:
1
3
6

##axis,square root, standard diviasion

Example:
import numpy as np

a=np.array([(1,2,3),(4,5,6)])
print(a.sum(axis=1))
print(a.sum(axis=0))

print(np.sqrt(a))
print(np.std(a))

Output:
[ 6 15]
[5 7 9]
[[1. 1.41421356 1.73205081]
[2. 2.23606798 2.44948974]]
1.707825127659933

##aritmetic operation in numpy

Example:
import numpy as np

a=np.array([(1,2,3),(4,5,6)])
b=np.array([(1,2,3),(4,5,6)])

print(a+b)
print("")
print(a-b)
print("")
print(a*b)
print("")
print(a/b)
print("")
print(a-b)

Output:
[[ 2 4 6]
[ 8 10 12]]

[[0 0 0]
[0 0 0]]

[[ 1 4 9]
[16 25 36]]

[[1. 1. 1.]
[1. 1. 1.]]

#stacking -verticalstacking and horizontal stacking

#.ravel()
Example:
import numpy as np

a=np.array([(1,2,3),(4,5,6)])
b=np.array([(1,2,3),(4,5,6)])

print(np.vstack((a,b)))
print('')
print(np.hstack((a,b)))
print('')
print(a.ravel())

Output:
[[1 2 3]
[4 5 6]
[1 2 3]
[4 5 6]]
[[1 2 3 1 2 3]
[4 5 6 4 5 6]]

[1 2 3 4 5 6]

##sine and cosine function

Example:
import numpy as np
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt

x = np.arange(0,3*np.pi,0.1)
y = np.tan(x) #you can give any like cos,sin,sec...

plt.plot(x,y)
plt.show()

Output:
do in python

##exponential and logarithmic function

Example:
import numpy as np
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt

ar = np.array([1,2,3])
print(np.exp(ar))
print(np.log(ar))
print(np.log10(ar))

Output:
[ 2.71828183 7.3890561 20.08553692]
[0. 0.69314718 1.09861229]
[0. 0.30103 0.47712125]

scipy
##help,info,source
Example:
import scipy
from scipy import cluster
help()
help(cluster)
scipy.info(cluster)
scipy.source(cluster)

Output: do in python

##special function
power and trignamentry
Example:
from scipy import special
a = special.exp10(2)

b = special.exp2(3)

c = special.cosdg(90)
d = special.sindg(90)

print(a)
print(b)
print(c)
print(d)

Output:
100.0
8.0
-0.0
1.0

##integration Function
quad and doublequad function
Example:
from scipy import integrate
from scipy import special
a = integrate.quad(lambda x:special.exp10(x),0,1)

print(a)

b = lambda x,y:x*y**2
c = lambda x: 1
d = lambda x:-1
e = integrate.dblquad(b,0,2,c,d)

print(e)

Output:
(3.9086503371292665, 4.3394735994897923e-14)
(-0.0, 4.405142707569776e-14)

##Fourier transformations
Example:
from scipy.fftpack import fft,ifft
import numpy as np
a = np.array([1,2,3])
b = fft(a)
c = ifft(a)
print(b)
print(c)

Output:
[ 6. -0.j -1.5+0.8660254j -1.5-0.8660254j]
[ 2. -0.j -0.5-0.28867513j -0.5+0.28867513j]

##linear algebra
matrix inverse
Example:
from scipy import linalg
import numpy as np
a = np.array([(1,2),(3,4)])
b = linalg.inv(a)
print(b)

Output:
[[-2. 1. ]
[ 1.5 -0.5]]

##interpolation function
Example:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from scipy import interpolate
x = np.arange(5,20)
y = np.exp(x/3.0)
f = interpolate.interp1d(x,y)
x1 = np.arange(6,12)
y1 = f(x1)
plt.plot(x,y,'o',x1,y1,'--')
plt.show()

Output:
do in python

##pandas
Data analyisit
DataFrame ,slicing
Example:
import pandas as pd

web_data = {'Day':[1,2,3,4,5,6], 'Visitors':

[1000,700,6000,1000,400,350],'Bounce_rate':[20,20,23,15,10,34]}

df = pd.DataFrame(web_data)

print(df)
print("\n")
print(df.head(2))
print("\n")
print(df.tail(2))

Ouput:
Day Visitors Bounce_rate
0 1 1000 20
1 2 700 20
2 3 6000 23
3 4 1000 15
4 5 400 10
5 6 350 34

Day Visitors Bounce_rate

0 1 1000 20
1 2 700 20

Day Visitors Bounce_rate

4 5 400 10
5 6 350 34

merging
Example:
import pandas as pd

df1 = pd.DataFrame({'hpi':[80,90,70,60],'int_rate':[2,1,2,3],'ind_gdp':
[50,45,45,67]},
index = [2001,2002,2003,2004])

df2 = pd.DataFrame({'hpi':[80,90,70,60],'int_rate':[2,1,2,3],'ind_gdp':
[50,45,45,67]},
 index = [2005,2006,2007,2008])

merge1 = pd.merge(df1,df2)
merge2 = pd.merge(df1,df2,on='hpi')

print(merge1)
print(merge2)

Output:
hpi int_rate ind_gdp
0 80 2 50
1 90 1 45
2 70 2 45
3 60 3 67
hpi int_rate_x ind_gdp_x int_rate_y ind_gdp_y
0 80 2 50 2 50
1 90 1 45 1 45
2 70 2 45 2 45
3 60 3 67 3 67

joing
Example:
import pandas as pd

df1 = pd.DataFrame({'int_rate':[2,1,2,3],'ind_gdp':[50,45,45,67]},
index = [2001,2002,2003,2004])

df2 = pd.DataFrame({'int_value':[50,44,64,33],'unemployment':[1,2,3,4]},
index = [2001,2002,2004,2004])

join1= df1.join(df2)
print(join1)

Output:
do in python

Changing the index and column header

index change
Example:
import pandas as pd

df = {'day':[1,2,3,4],'visitors':[200,100,230,400],'bounce_rate':[20,45,50,31]}
e = pd.DataFrame(df)
e.set_index('day',inplace=True)
print(e)

Output:
do in python

column header change

Example:
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import style
style.use('fivethirtyeight')

df = {'day':[1,2,3,4],'visitors':[200,100,230,400],'bounce_rate':[20,45,50,31]}
e = pd.DataFrame(df)
df = e.rename(columns={'visitors':'users'})
print(df)

Output:
do in pyhton

Cancatenation
Example:
import pandas as pd

df1 = pd.DataFrame({'name':['sri','meen','puppy','rajan'],
'class':[10,11,12,1],
'salary':[100,200,300,400]},
index=[2001,2002,2003,2004])
df2 = pd.DataFrame({'name':['bala','eswari','selva','manian'],
'class':[3,4,5,6],
'salary':[1050,2600,3700,4800]},
index=[2005,2006,2007,2008])

concatenation =pd.concat([df1,df2])
print(concatenation)

Output:
do in python

data munging
Example:
import pandas as pd

a = pd.read_csv('C:\\Users\\SRI RAJAN\\Documents\\webone.txt', index_col=0)

b=a.to_html('webone.html')
#use in pycharm

Output:
do in pycharm

data difference 8:55 -- 8:59:30

Statistics for python- mean,median, mode,variance

Example:
from statistics import *
print(mean([1,1,1,1,2,3,3,3,4,5]))
print(mode([1,1,1,1,2,3,3,3,4,5]))
print(median([1,1,1,1,2,3,3,3,4,5]))
print(variance([1,1,1,1,2,3,3,3,4,5]))
Output:
2.4
1
2.5
2.0444444444444443

python for Hadoop:Pydoop 9:2:30

matplotlib
simple graph
Example:
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
x = [1,2,3,4,5,6]
y = [6,1,3,6,4,7]

plt.title('simple graph')
plt.xlabel('time')
plt.ylabel('work')
plt.plot(x,y)

plt.show()

Output:
do in python

plot,bar,hist,scatter,stack plot(area graph),pie chart,subplot

Example:
search matplotlib graph in python

seaborn 9:36:00...see this

seaborn- scatter,line,catplot,
Example:
see in python file..... seaborn graph

univariate and bivariate

Example:
see in python file.... seaborn graph

multi-plot grid,pair grid

Example:
see in python file.... seaborn graph

plot aesthetics
Example:
see in python file.... seaborn graph