IMANUEL XAVERDINO – 01804220010 – Homework 1 - KKMM

CASE 4.31

For the year ended December 31, 2022

Commissions revenue.................................................................. $ 750

Cost of services provided............................................................. 360

Adv expense................................................................................. 125

Operating income........................................................................$ 265

Interest expense..........................................................................15

Income tax expense..................................................................... 70

Net income..................................................................................& 180

At December 31, 2022 :

Assets

Cash and short term investments ...............................................$ 179

Accounts receivable, net..............................................................190

Property, plant, and equipment, net........................................... 751

Total assets.................................................................................. $ 1,120

Liabilities and Stockholder’s equity

Accounts payable ..................................................................... $ 430

Income taxes payable................................................................ 20

Notes payable (long term).........................................................250

Paid in capital............................................................................120

Retained earnings..................................................................... 300

Total liabilities and stockholders equity.................................... $ 1,120

At December 31, 2021, total assets were $1,130 and total stockholders’ equity was $330. There were no
changes in notes payable or paid-in capital during 2022.

Jawaban :

a. Jawab : Biaya umum seperti biaya administrasi, penyusutan, operasional dan sebagainya.
b. Jawab : Perusahaan ini bergerak di bidang realty yang sebagian besar kegiatan usahanya adalah
pemasaran. Pemasaran identikidentic iklan sehingga biaya iklan harus dipisahkan agar
perusahaan mengetahui efektifitas dari biaya yang dikeluarkan terhadap pendapatan
IMANUEL XAVERDINO – 01804220010 – Homework 1 - KKMM

c. Jawab : Efffective Interest rate : (Interest paid / note payable) x 100%

= (15/250) x 100% = 6%

d. Jawab : Laba sebelum pajak : 250

e. Calculate the amount of dividends declared and paid to Jeff and Kristi DeBauge during the year
ended December 31, 2022. (Hint: Do a T-account analysis of retained earnings.) What is the
company’s dividend policy? (What proportion of the company’s earnings are distributed as
dividends?)

f. Kekurangan perusahaan korporasi :

a. Bentuk yang kompleks
b. Banyak orang yang bekerja menyulitkan komunikasi
c. Tidak punya banyak kendala (untuk perusahaan go public)
g. Explain why the amount of income tax expense is different from the amount of income taxes
payable
h. Jawab : Modal kerja = aktiva lancar – kewajiban lancar
i.

From the firms balance sheets :

Total assets, December 31 2021..................................................................$ 1,130
Total assets, December 31 2022..................................................................$ 1,120
From the firm’s income statement for year ended December 31 2022
Net sales ..................................................................................................... $ 750
Net income.................................................................................................. $ 180
Return on Investment : Margin x turnover
Net income x sales
sales average total assets

180/750 x 750 / (1,130+1,120):2

R O I : 0,24 x 750/1125
24% x 0,66 = 15,84%

From the firm’s balance sheets :

Total stockholders equity December 31 2021...........................................$ 1,130
Total stockholders equity December 31 2022 $ 1,120
From the firm’s income statement for thr year ended Dec 31 2022
Net Income ......................................... $180
Return on Equity = Net Income
Average stockholder’s equity
= 180 / (1,130+1,120)/2
= 180 / 1125
= 16%
IMANUEL XAVERDINO – 01804220010 – Homework 1 - KKMM

Hasil ROI dan ROE tidak jauh beda sehingga hamper sama

CASE 4.32

FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,22

Net Revenues...........................................$ 96,600

Cost of Services provided.........................34,200

Depreciation Expense............................... 19,500

Operating Income.....................................$ 42,900

Interest Expense.......................................11,400

Income Tax Expense................................. 9,600

Net Income ..............................................$ 21,900

At December 31, 2022 :

Assets

Cash and short term ivestments...............$ 8,400

Accounts receivable, net.......................... 29,400

Property, plant, and equip, net................ 232,200

Total Assets..............................................$ 270,000

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity

Accounts payable.....................................$ 4,500

Income taxes payable...............................4,800

Notes Payable (long term)........................142,500

Paid in capital...........................................30,000

Retained earnings..................................... 88,200

Total liabilities and stockholder equity.....$270,000

Gerrard Construction co
Balance sheet
31 December 2022
Assets Liabilities and Stockholder Equity
Current assets : Current Liabilities :
Cash..................................................$ 8,400 Account payable................................$ 4,500
Account Receivable........................... 29,400 Income Taxes payable....................... 4,800
IMANUEL XAVERDINO – 01804220010 – Homework 1 - KKMM

Prop,plant,equip .............................. 232,200 Notes payable (long term)................. 142,500

Total current assets......................$270,000 Paid in capital.................................... 30,000
Retained earnings............................. 88,200
Total liabilities and stock equity...........$270,000

At December 31, 2021, total assets were $246,000 and total stockholders’ equity was $97,800. There
were no changes in notes payable or paid-in capital during 2022.

Required :

a. Jawab : Biaya penyusutan merupakan biaya yang timbul atas penggunaan suatu alat. Pembelian
atas suatu alat -> digunakan untuk kegiatan produksi atau pendukung produksi -> sehingga
biaya yang timbul atas penyusutan alat merupakan biaya operasional. Biaya ini dipisahkan
karena alat merupakan aktiva yang dapat dijual kembali.
b. Jawab : Biaya penyusutan tinggi bisa jadi karena banyak menggunakan alat atau alat yang
digunakan umurnya sudah tua sehingga terdepresiasi dengan sangat besar. Bunga yang besar
berasal dari pinjaman yang besar pula jumlahnya
c.

Gerrard Construction co
Income Statement
For the year ended 31 December 2022
Net sales ........................................................................................................$ 96,600
Cost of services provided .............................................................................. 34,200
Depreciation expense .................................................................................... 19,500
Operating income ..........................................................................................$ 42,900
Interest expense............................................................................................. 11,400
Income before tax .....................................................................................$ 31,500
Income tax expense ....................................................................................... 9,600
Net income .................................................................................................... $ 21,900
Percentage : 30,45%
d. Jumlah beban pajak penghasilan
e. Jawab : aktiva lancar

Current assets :
Cash..................................................$ 8,400
Account Receivable........................... 29,400
Prop,plant,equip .............................. 232,200
Total current assets......................$270,000
f. Jawab : Kemungkinan perusahaan ini adalah kontraktor, sehingga bergerak di bidang jasa.
g. Jawab : Modal kerja = aktiva lancar – kewajiban lancar
h. Jawab :

From the firms balance sheets :

Total assets, December 31 2021..................................................................$ 246,000
Total assets, December 31 2022..................................................................$ 270,000
From the firm’s income statement for year ended December 31 2022
IMANUEL XAVERDINO – 01804220010 – Homework 1 - KKMM

Net sales ..................................................................................................... $ 96,000

Net income.................................................................................................. $ 21,900
Return on Investment : Margin x turnover
Net income x sales
sales average total assets

21,900 / 96,000 x 96,000 / (246,000+270,000):2

R O I : 0,228 x 96,000/258,000
22,8% x 0,372 = 8,48%

From the firm’s balance sheets :

Total stockholders equity December 31 2021...........................................$ 97,800
Total stockholders equity December 31 2022 $ 88,200
From the firm’s income statement for thr year ended Dec 31 2022
Net Income ......................................... $21,900
Return on Equity = Net Income
Average stockholder’s equity
= 21,900 / (97,800+88,200)/2
= 21,900 / 93,000
= 23,5%