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    Physics Practical 2 PDF

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    Mohiniraj Dange
    1. The document describes an experiment to trace the path of a light ray passing through a rectangular glass slab for different angles of incidence by measuring the angle of incidence, angle of refraction, angle of emergence, and interpreting the results. 2. Materials used include a drawing board, pins, paper, glass slab, protractor, scale, pencil, and questions are asked about refraction, angles of incidence and refraction, and conditions that affect the bending of light. 3. Key results showed the angle of emergence was nearly equal to the angle of incidence, the angle of refraction was less than the angle of incidence as light travels from air to glass, and the lateral displacement remained the same for

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    Physics Practical 2 PDF

    Uploaded by

    Mohiniraj Dange
    32 views4 pages
    1. The document describes an experiment to trace the path of a light ray passing through a rectangular glass slab for different angles of incidence by measuring the angle of incidence, angle of refraction, angle of emergence, and interpreting the results. 2. Materials used include a drawing board, pins, paper, glass slab, protractor, scale, pencil, and questions are asked about refraction, angles of incidence and refraction, and conditions that affect the bending of light. 3. Key results showed the angle of emergence was nearly equal to the angle of incidence, the angle of refraction was less than the angle of incidence as light travels from air to glass, and the lateral displacement remained the same for

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    1. The document describes an experiment to trace the path of a light ray passing through a rectangular glass slab for different angles of incidence by measuring the angle of incidence, angle of refraction, angle of emergence, and interpreting the results. 2. Materials used include a drawing board, pins, paper, glass slab, protractor, scale, pencil, and questions are asked about refraction, angles of incidence and refraction, and conditions that affect the bending of light. 3. Key results showed the angle of emergence was nearly equal to the angle of incidence, the angle of refraction was less than the angle of incidence as light travels from air to glass, and the lateral displacement remained the same for

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    32 views4 pages

    Physics Practical 2 PDF

    Uploaded by

    Mohiniraj Dange
    1. The document describes an experiment to trace the path of a light ray passing through a rectangular glass slab for different angles of incidence by measuring the angle of incidence, angle of refraction, angle of emergence, and interpreting the results. 2. Materials used include a drawing board, pins, paper, glass slab, protractor, scale, pencil, and questions are asked about refraction, angles of incidence and refraction, and conditions that affect the bending of light. 3. Key results showed the angle of emergence was nearly equal to the angle of incidence, the angle of refraction was less than the angle of incidence as light travels from air to glass, and the lateral displacement remained the same for

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 4

    Aim

    To trace the path of a ray of light passing through a rectangular glass slab for
    different angles of incidence. Measure the angle of incidence, angle of refraction,
    angle of emergence and interpret the result.

    Materials Required
    A drawing board, 4-6 all pins, white sheet of paper, rectangular glass slab, a
    protractor, a scale, a pencil and thumb pins.

    Diagram

    ABCD = Glass slab


    EN and FM’ = Normal rays
    P, Q, R, S = All pins ∠PEN = ∠i = incident angle = 30°
    ∠MEF = ∠r = refracted angle
    ∠SFM’= ∠e = emergent angle = 30° ~ 31°
    d = lateral displacement.
    Observations Table

    Angle of incidence
    Angle of refraction Angle of emergence ∠i – ∠e
    S.No.
    ∠r = ∠MEF ∠e = ∠SFM’ ∠PEN – ∠SFM’
    ∠i = ∠PEN

    1. 30° 28° 30° 0°

    2. 45° 43° 44.8° 0.2°

    3. 60° 56° 59.8° 0.2°

    During performing this experiment, ∠i – ∠e may not be zero at times as shown above
    due to human error.

    Conclusion

    1. The angle of incidence is nearly equal to the angle of emergence.


    2. The angle of refraction is less than angle of incidence because light is travelling
    from rarer to denser optical medium.
    3. The lateral displacement remains the same for different angles of incidences.
    4. When the light ray travels from optically rarer medium (air) to optically denser
    medium (glass) the light bends towards the normal.

    Precautions

    1. The glass slab should be perfectly rectangular with all its faces smooth.
    2. The drawing board should be soft so that pins can be easily fixed on it.
    3. The angle of incidence should lie between 30° and 60°.
    4. All pins base should lie in straight line.
    5. While fixing the pins P and Q or the pins R and S, care should be taken to
    maintain a distance of about 5 cm between the two pihs.
    6. Draw thin lines using a sharp pencil.
    7. Use a good quality protractor having clear markings.
    8. Place the protractor correctly to measure the angles.
    9. Perpendiculars should be drawn correctly.

    Sources of Error

    1. The glass slab should not have any air-bubbles.


    2. All measurement of angles using protractor should be done accurately.

    Viva Voce
    Question 1:
    What is refraction of light?
    Answer:
    When light travels from one optical medium to another, it (changes its path) deviates
    from its path. This phenomenon is called refraction of light.

    Question 2:
    During this experiment of tracking the path of light through glass slab, what should
    be the angle of incidence?
    Answer:
    The angle of incidence should be taken between 30° to 60°.

    Question 3:
    What is lateral displacement?
    Answer:
    The perpendicular shift in the path of incident ray when it travels from one medium to
    another is called lateral displacement.

    Question 4:
    How is angle of incidence and emergence related?
    Answer:
    The angle of incidence and the angle of emergence are always equal or the
    difference may be of 1°.

    Question 5:
    Out of VIBGYOR, which light bends the least on refraction and which light bends the
    most?
    Answer:
    Red light bends the least and violet light bends the most.

    Question 6:
    State one condition during refraction of light where light does not deviate.
    Answer:
    When a ray of light is perpendicular to the refracting surface it will not show any
    deviation.

    Question 7:
    If a ray of light makes an angle of 30° with the refracting surface, then what will be
    the angle of incidence?
    Answer:
    The angle of incidence will be 90° – 30° = 60°.

    Question 8:
    A ray of light travels from optically denser medium to rarer medium. What will
    happen to its path?
    Answer:
    (DRAN) When light travels from optically denser medium to optically rarer medium it
    bends away from the normal.

    Question 9:
    Which property of light causes the rainbow formation?
    Answer:
    The refraction of light due to tiny water droplets in the atmosphere causes rainbow in
    the sky.

    Question 10:
    If a ray of light travels from water to oil, in which direction will the light bend?
    Answer:
    Oil is optically denser than water hence, it will bend towards the normal.

    Question 11:
    A ray of light travels in the path of normal ray. What will be the angle of incidence?
    Answer:
    As the ray of light, i.e., incident ray is forming 0° angle with normal ray hence, the
    angle of incidence is 0°.

    Question 12:
    Under what condition the emergent ray and incident ray will be parallel?
    Answer:
    When the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of emergence then both the rays
    are parallel.

    Question 13:
    Why does a ray of light bend towards the normal when it enters from air to glass
    slab?
    Answer:
    When light travels from rarer medium, i.e., air to the denser medium, i.e., glass slab,
    its speed decreases and hence it bends to take the shortest path.

    Question 14:
    On what factor is the lateral displacement of the glass slab dependent?
    Answer:
    Lateral displacement is dependent on the thickness of glass slab. When the
    thickness increases the lateral displacement also increases.

    Question 15:
    Why should we preferably take angle of incidence between 30° and 60°?
    Answer:
    For angles beyond 30° and 60° the refracted ray may not appear on the opposite
    face of the glass slab.

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