TAGUIG CITY UNIVERSITY

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INTRODUCTION

Context and Rationale

Students with disabilities do also have hopes and dreams of their own and

for their future, just like all kids do. They require a top-level special education to

advance their knowledge and skills to reach their full potential to be an individual

grounded person. To ensure the students with disabilities, SPED teachers had

the chance to realize their academic potential. The purpose of this study is to

know the various challenges handled by the teachers in managing classes in

SPED. Consequently, this study focused on the issue of children with learning

disabilities by exploring the trials faced by SPED teachers who teach children

with learning disabilities and how they overcome those challenges within their

class. Based on statistics from (UNICEF, 2022), In 1975, Congress passed

Public Law 94-142 (Education of All Handicapped Children Act), which is now

known as IDEA (Individuals with Disabilities Education Act). Within IDEA every

student is required to have the opportunity to complete their schooling in the

Least Restrictive Environment (LRE). The IDEA states: that placement of

students with disabilities in special classes, separate schools and other removal

from the regular educational environment occurs only when the nature or severity

of the disability is such that, even with the use of supplementary aids and

services, education cannot be satisfactorily achieved (IDEA).. Special education

is a crucial aspect of the educational system that deserves attention and

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consideration. With our research, we aimed to gain a deeper understanding of

the unique challenges that students with disabilities face in the classroom and

how educators can best support them. Through our findings, we longed to

contribute to the development of more effective teaching strategies and policies

for students with special needs. Additionally, by shedding light on the

experiences of both teachers and students in this field, we researchers wants to

promote greater awareness and empathy for those who sail across these

challenges daily.

Statement of the Problem

This study aimed to determine the lived experiences of special education

teachers in Sentro-Kalinga Special Education Center Taguig with the accordance

of self-contained classrooms appear to be a unique challenge for educators.

While they offer students individualized attention and tailored instruction, they

can also create a sense of isolation from the typical student population.

Additionally, these self-contained classrooms may have inadequate resources

and less experienced teachers, which could negatively impact the quality of

education provided.

1. What is the essence of the lived experiences of special education

teachers in relation to self-contained classrooms?
2. How do these lived experiences impact their attitudes and beliefs about
managing students with special needs?
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3. Why isolated special education classrooms can be an effective way to

provide students with disabilities the support they need to reach their

Student's Individualized
emotional
conceptualized the independent variables, dependent variables system which

learning plans should

state be address to the
unique needs of each
The research is guided by Path Goal Theory and the researcher

student. This would

include a range of
strategies and
Motivation accommodations,
served as the direction of the research presented in figure 1.

level such as visual aids,

UNIVERSITY

assistive technology,
COLLEGE OF EDUCATION

and differentiated
instruction.
Students
With
Special
Cognitive
abilities
TAGUIG CITY

Education
Needs Collaboration among
educators, parents, and
other professionals

Research Paradigm of the

involved in the student's
Optimal care. Additionally, it
Conceptual Framework

would emphasize the

learning
full potential?

importance of creating a
environment positive and self-

Study Figure 1
contained classroom
environment that
fosters social-emotional
development and builds
Individualized self-esteem.
instruction
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Theoretical Framework

This presents the related theories and concepts that will help the

researchers create a clearer picture of the research.

Students who receive The cost of providing

special education these services can be high,
services are given the leading to budget cuts in
opportunity to develop other areas of education.
their skills in a supportive Additionally, the stigma
environment tailored to often associated with
their unique needs, special education can lead
to negative attitudes
which can lead to
towards individuals with
improved academic disabilities, perpetuating
performance and discrimination, and
increased self- exclusion independence.
confidence.

Special Education
(Self-Contained
Classroom)

By having continued
research and advocacy efforts
can help ensure that special
education remains a critical
aspect of our educational
system.
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Figure 2

Definition of Terms

 Special Education: Focuses on helping kids with disabilities learn. But it

doesn’t mean placing kids in a special classroom all day long. In fact,

federal law says that kids who get special education services should learn

in the same classrooms as other kids as much as possible.

 Self-Contained: A program provides a separate learning environment to

students whose social, emotional, or behavioral needs require highly

supportive and supervised special education services throughout the

school day. The Self-Contained Program is essentially a school-within-a-

school.

 Learning Disability: Is a condition in the brain that causes difficulties

comprehending or processing information and can be caused by several

different factors.

 The Hermeneutic Approach: Seeks to understand a certain text that

involves interpreting the meaning behind it. This method is especially

useful when analyzing complex or abstract works, such as poetry,

philosophy, or religious texts.

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 Discrimination in Special Education: Is a serious problem that affects

many students. Whether it is due to race, gender, or disability status,

discrimination can have devastating consequences for those who are

 Special Educator: Teacher of students with Individual Education Plans.

 Students with Special Needs: Students that require specialized

instruction in education.

 Team Teaching: Two teachers (Special Educator, General Educator)

cooperatively plan, develop, and teach lessons.

Hypothesis

There is no significance difference between specialized instruction and

interventions in special education of sped teachers in Sentro-Kalinga Special

Education Center-Taguig
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METHODOLOGY

Research Design

According to (Marleau-Ponty 1985), The belief that phenomenological

hermeneutic methods provide a perceptual lens for overcoming Cartesian

Dualism, this means that the two domains of reality are being compromised or

divided. The researchers used the Phenomenological Hermeneutic Approach as

this methodology asserts that individual people are as unique as their life stories

including the lived experiences of Special Education teachers in a self-contained

classroom. Through a hermeneutic phenomenological approach to our research,

we can gain insight into the experiences and perspectives of those SPED

teachers who are involved in an isolated classroom in special education. By

examining the lived experiences of teachers in special education, students with

special needs, parents, and administrators. We can better understand the

challenges and opportunities that arise in this context. Through this process, we

may also uncover new insights into effective teaching strategies and

interventions.
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Sampling Technique

The researcher will use Purposive Sampling under Non-Probability

Sampling. A purposive sampling is a non-probability sampling that is selected

based on characteristics of a population and the objective of the study. In

addition, purposive sampling is also known as judgmental, selective, or

subjective sampling (Crossman, 2017). The objective of this sampling can be

very useful in reaching a targeted sample that will enable the researchers to

answer the research questions. We used purposive sampling as this was

conducted in the school of Sentro Kalinga Special Education Center. By using

purposive sampling in special education research, researchers can gain a deeper

understanding of the experiences of individuals with disabilities and identify

effective interventions and accommodations that can improve their outcomes .

The respondents of the study are composed of 10 SPED teachers who are willing

to answer the conducted interview and personal reflections regarding questions

that were prepared by the researchers.

Scope and Limitations

The scope of special education encompasses a range of conditions,

including physical, intellectual, emotional, and developmental disabilities. The

goal of special education is to provide these individuals with the necessary tools

and resources to achieve their full potential in life. The delimitations of special
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education are equally important. Special education services are limited to

students who have been diagnosed with a disability or developmental delay that

adversely affects their educational performance. The type and extent of services

provided are determined by the severity of the disability and the resources

available.

Research Instrument

This study applied a physical interview as the data-gathering instrument.

The researcher outlined the interview based on the evaluations and personal

reflections. It has two parts, the first part deals with the personal profile of the

respondents (name, sex, age, and status). The second part is to conduct an

interview about the strategies of SPED teachers in teaching students with special

needs.

Data Analysis
All three data sources were collected to respond to the questions:

 What is the essence of the lived experiences of special education

teachers in relation to self-contained classrooms?
 How do these lived experiences impact their attitudes and beliefs about
managing students with special needs?
 Why isolated special education classrooms can be an effective way to
provide students with disabilities the support they need to reach their full
potential?
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COLLEGE OF EDUCATION

Data analysis involved organizing the data and repeated readings to

identify themes to arrive at an analysis of the phenomenon (Creswell, 2015).

According to Yin (2018), A systematic and thorough analysis was done starting

with the use of coding techniques for finding the causing the meaning of the data

(Vaismoradi & Snelgrove, 2019). A column was drawn to the right of the

transcription to symbolize each of the codes. The initial codes provided to the text

were given in the column to the right of the transcript. A technique of managing,

locating, identifying, sifting, sorting, and querying data with intent is provided by

coding. (Vaismoradi & Snelgrove, 2019, p. 7).

References to the defined codes illustrated the coding approach taken

during the initial data analysis. Broad informational units were combined based

on the codes to produce categories (Yin, 2018). The vast amount of data 10

gathered was organized and categorized using labels with dates, people,

conditions, and an initial interpretation.