L13 Design of Handouts, Assignments, Lab Sheets Modified-1
L13 Design of Handouts, Assignments, Lab Sheets Modified-1
L13 Design of Handouts, Assignments, Lab Sheets Modified-1
Contributors
Dr Sharad K. Pradhan
Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering Education
&
Dr Sandip S. Kedar
Professor, Department of Media Research and Development Education
Learning outcomes: At the end of this lesson, you will be able to:
LO 1. Design handouts to facilitate the development of the learning outcomes.
LO 2. Design assignments to assess the attainment of the learning outcomes.
LO 3. Design laboratory worksheets for the development of the relevant skills.
Contents
1.0 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................... 3
2.0 HANDOUT .................................................................................................................................... 3
2.1 Guidelines for Development of a Handout ................................................................................. 3
3.0 ASSIGNMENT ............................................................................................................................... 4
3.1 Types of Assignments .................................................................................................................. 5
3.2 Guidelines for Designing Assignments ........................................................................................ 8
4.0 LABORATORY WORKSHEET ......................................................................................................... 8
4.1 Formats for Design of Laboratory Work Sheets .......................................................................... 9
4.2 Guidelines for Designing Laboratory Worksheets ..................................................................... 11
5.0 CONCLUSION ............................................................................................................................. 11
6.0 REFERENCES .............................................................................................................................. 11
AICTE-NITTT Module 4: Instructional Planning and Delivery © NITTTR, Bhopal All rights Reserved L13 Page 2
Unit 4.4.4: Instructional Media L13: Design of Handouts, Assignment and Laboratory Worksheets
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Handouts, Assignments and Laboratory Worksheets are print media (which could also be in
electronic form) used to supplement the instructions given to the students in the classroom
and/or in laboratory sessions. In engineering education programmes, they are important as
these are generally custom–designed by the concerned teacher of that particular course.
These instructional materials help to implement the curriculum to achieve the pre-
determined learning outcomes. This lesson discusses how to design and use them for
effective instruction.
2.0 HANDOUT
The handout is a teacher-generated instructional resource, for a particular course. It may be
one page or several pages. Handouts are specially designed for a specific target group having
a pre-defined entry-level and have to be brief. Its main purpose is to help the student to
focus on the essentials to attain the pre-determined learning outcomes and not to
concentrate much, on the non-essentials. The handout can be written or diagrammatical
material containing specific information to be additionally provided to the students. It may
contain salient points of a lesson and graphs, sketches, or material compiled from reference
books, journals, pamphlets, and such others materials that are not readily available in
standard textbooks. Some of the benefits of the handouts are as follows:
However, handouts also have their share of limitations as well. Too much spoon-feeding in
handouts may make the students dependent on teachers. Their habits of searching for
material and self-learning may not get developed. Hence handouts should be more precise.
a) State the learning outcomes so that the development of the handout stays focused.
b) Structure and sequence the subject matter into logical units.
c) Use short paragraphs.
d) Use numbered sub-titles as it helps in referring.
AICTE-NITTT Module 4: Instructional Planning and Delivery © NITTTR, Bhopal All rights Reserved L13 Page 3
Unit 4.4.4: Instructional Media L13: Design of Handouts, Assignment and Laboratory Worksheets
Sometimes, the students just keep away the handouts without reading them. To avoid this,
the handouts maybe even designed as completion type handouts. Handouts can also be
used to invite student participation wherein certain gaps, missing words, and missing parts
of a diagram are deliberately made to necessitate student thinking.
Unless it is a flipped classroom session, do not give the handout in advance, or else, the
student will avoid taking notes. It may be given towards the end of the classroom session if it
is a completion type handout or a case study that needs to be discussed.
ACTIVITY
State the learning outcome and prepare a relevant handout to support the classroom
session
3.0 ASSIGNMENT
The assignment is usually designed on the principle of 'Learning by doing'. The main purpose of
the assignment (which is a task the student has to do during or after the classroom
situations) is to 'cement' the learning and increase the learning capabilities of students. All
types of assignments are intended to reinforce and supplement learning and provide practice.
Alternatively, it can also serve as a tool whereby the students are encouraged to pay more
attention during the classroom session as the students know that there is a task that will
follow. After the assignment is given, the role of the teacher changes to that of a 'guide' so
that help is provided only when required. This role of the teacher makes the student more
independent and the skill of 'learn–to–learn’ is developed. There can be other purposes of
assignments as well, such as:
a) Drill and Practice d) Evaluation
b) Reinforcement of learning e) Encouraging reading habits
c) Recapitulation f) Guided learning.
Before designing any assignment, the learning outcomes should be stated and accordingly,
the assignments are to be given to the students.
AICTE-NITTT Module 4: Instructional Planning and Delivery © NITTTR, Bhopal All rights Reserved L13 Page 4
Unit 4.4.4: Instructional Media L13: Design of Handouts, Assignment and Laboratory Worksheets
Table 1 highlights the types and the major purposes of the assignments.
a) Classroom-based Assignment
Classroom assignment brings in a stimulus variation and also ascertains whether the students
have understood the content or not. You can give a classroom assignment in the form of
numerical, short-answer questions, and the like. Classroom assignments provide IKR
(immediate knowledge of results) and formative assessment of the learning.
Salient Features
• Eliciting Performance which is the use of Gagne’s 6th instructional event
• Enhance collaboration between students if it is a group assignment
AICTE-NITTT Module 4: Instructional Planning and Delivery © NITTTR, Bhopal All rights Reserved L13 Page 5
Unit 4.4.4: Instructional Media L13: Design of Handouts, Assignment and Laboratory Worksheets
Example
Suppose, in a basic electronics engineering class, after teaching the h-parameters for CE, CB and
CC configurations, if a numerical on one of the configurations is given to be solved two
objectives are achieved (1) a change in stimulus, and (2) assessment of the understanding of h-
parameter.
b) Library–based Assignment
A library-based assignment is mainly in the form of collecting relevant information from books,
print as well as online journals, and magazines. Preparation of a seminar paper, searching for
books in a specified area and writing a brief, are some of the library assignments. Following
are some of the salient features.
Salient Features
i. Develops the skill of gathering, compiling and using relevant information from
various types of library resources.
ii. Inculcates the use of library resources
iii. Develops self-study skills and inquisitiveness in students.
Example
Suppose the 'Use of various springs in different machines and appliances' is given as a topic for
the seminar presentation. The student will have to consult different books, and journals in the
library and prepare a write-up for the presentation.
AICTE-NITTT Module 4: Instructional Planning and Delivery © NITTTR, Bhopal All rights Reserved L13 Page 6
Unit 4.4.4: Instructional Media L13: Design of Handouts, Assignment and Laboratory Worksheets
c) Internet-based Assignment
Such an assignment allows the student to compile information from the internet to help in
achieving the learning outcome. It may include videos, animations and other information
related to a specific outcome.
Salient Features
i. Access correct information
ii. Use of open-source software to create resources
iii. Promote Self-learning habits and inquisitiveness
iv. Help in building self-confidence to tackle new problems.
d) Home Assignment
It is not possible to deal with all types of problems in the classroom, so the home assignment is
useful in such situations. To provide ‘drill and practice’ for applying various concepts and
principles and to develop the habit of self-learning, a teacher can give home assignments of
different types to the students such as numerical, long answer questions, their opinion on some
current issue and so on.
Salient Features
i. Requires more time than a classroom assignment.
ii. Provides an opportunity for ‘drill and practice’.
iii. Helps in assessing the attainment of learning outcomes.
iv. Helps in honing self-study habits
v. Develop the habit of inquiry.
vi. Improve written communication.
e) Field-Based Assignment
Field-based assignments are those wherein the student goes to the place of action such as the
construction site, industrial estate, electric substation, dam site, automobile market, water
purification plant and others to perform learning activities. Such assignments are given for
developing those parts of the learning outcomes which can neither be developed in the
classroom nor the laboratory/ workshop. This could be an individual or a group assignment
depending on the complexity of the given assignment and the other constraints.
Salient Features
• The assignment is in a real setting
AICTE-NITTT Module 4: Instructional Planning and Delivery © NITTTR, Bhopal All rights Reserved L13 Page 7
Unit 4.4.4: Instructional Media L13: Design of Handouts, Assignment and Laboratory Worksheets
ACTIVITY
State the learning outcome and prepare relevant type of assignment to assess its
attainment.
These laboratory sheets go a long way to supplement the teacher’s oral or visual instruction
about how practical work is to be performed in the laboratory/ workshop. It guides the
students to perform the practical work safely to develop the pre-determined industry
needed skills and pre-determined learning outcomes. The laboratory sheet saves precious
laboratory time and gives more time to the students to work on the equipment and increase
the use of the equipment to develop the much-needed practical skills in the students rather
than engage the students in other unproductive activities. However, they do not eliminate
the need for teacher interaction with students.
REFLECTION SPOT
For any selected course, list at least 4 industry needed skills that could be achieved
through laboratory/ workshop.
AICTE-NITTT Module 4: Instructional Planning and Delivery © NITTTR, Bhopal All rights Reserved L13 Page 8
Unit 4.4.4: Instructional Media L13: Design of Handouts, Assignment and Laboratory Worksheets
AICTE-NITTT Module 4: Instructional Planning and Delivery © NITTTR, Bhopal All rights Reserved L13 Page 9
Unit 4.4.4: Instructional Media L13: Design of Handouts, Assignment and Laboratory Worksheets
AICTE-NITTT Module 4: Instructional Planning and Delivery © NITTTR, Bhopal All rights Reserved L13 Page 10
Unit 4.4.4: Instructional Media L13: Design of Handouts, Assignment and Laboratory Worksheets
ACTIVITY
Design a laboratory worksheet similar to Appendix A and also referring Table 2
5.0 CONCLUSION
It is seen in this lesson that the learning outcomes of the topic or course dictate the design
of the relevant type of handout or assignment or laboratory worksheet. All these three types
of instructional resources are designed by the teacher to cater to the situation and need. The
salient features of each of these three instructional resources are discussed so that the
teacher is aware of when and where and how they have to be used/ administered in the
class or laboratory so that the students are benefitted the most.
******
6.0 REFERENCES
Bruce, J. and Weil, M. (1992). Models of Teaching. Prentice-Hall of India, New Delhi
Centre for Teaching and Learning, Georgian College, August (2011). Designing Effective
Assignments. Retrieved from www.georgianc.on.ca/staff/ctl/wp-
content/uploads/2009/02/assignments_3_2.pdf
Centre for Teaching Excellence, University of Waterloo. (n.d.) Assignment Design: Checklist.
Retrieved from https://uwaterloo.ca/centre-for-teaching-excellence/teaching-
resources/teaching-tips/developing-assignments/assignment-design/assignment-
design-checklist
Dalhousie University, Academic Integrity. (2010). Effective Research Assignments. Retrieved
from www.lib.berkeley.edu/instruct/assignments.html
Designing Assignments. (1996). Retrieved from
academicintegrity.dal.ca/Faculty%20Resources/Designing_Assignment.php
AICTE-NITTT Module 4: Instructional Planning and Delivery © NITTTR, Bhopal All rights Reserved L13 Page 11
Unit 4.4.4: Instructional Media L13: Design of Handouts, Assignment and Laboratory Worksheets
AICTE-NITTT Module 4: Instructional Planning and Delivery © NITTTR, Bhopal All rights Reserved L13 Page 12
Unit 4.4.4: Instructional Media L13: Design of Handouts, Assignment and Laboratory Worksheets
Appendix - A
PRACTICAL No. 10 (say)
I PRACTICAL SIGNIFICANCE
In the industry environment, Instrumentation Engineering graduates are expected to handle
various transducers for the measurement of process parameters such as temperature,
pressure, level, flow, displacement etc. The engineer should be able to select proper
instruments for the measurement of the above parameters and also maintain these
instruments for proper functioning in different applications. This practical will help you to
acquire the necessary skills.
V PRACTICAL OUTCOME
Use Rotameter for flow measurement.
AICTE-NITTT Module 4: Instructional Planning and Delivery © NITTTR, Bhopal All rights Reserved L13 Page 13
Unit 4.4.4: Instructional Media L13: Design of Handouts, Assignment and Laboratory Worksheets
Rotameters are the most widely used type of variable-area (VA) flow meter. In these devices,
the falling and rising action of a float in a tapered tube provide a measure of flow rate as
shown in Figure. These are known as gravity-type flowmeters because they are based on the
opposition between the downward force of gravity and the upward force of the flowing
fluid. When the flow is constant, the float stays in one position that can be related to the
volumetric flow rate. That position is indicated on a graduated scale. It can be used to
measure the flow rates of most liquids, gases, and steam. The materials of construction
include stainless steel, glass, metal, and plastic.
The tapered tube's gradually increasing diameter provides a related increase in the annular
area around the float, and is designed following the basic equation for volumetric flow rate:
(1)
where:
Q = volumetric flow rate, e.g., gallons per minute
k = a constant
g = force of gravity
ROTAMETER
PUMP
Figure 2: Flow measurement setup
AICTE-NITTT Module 4: Instructional Planning and Delivery © NITTTR, Bhopal All rights Reserved L13 Page 14
Unit 4.4.4: Instructional Media L13: Design of Handouts, Assignment and Laboratory Worksheets
IX RESOURCES REQUIRED
S. Remark
Particulars Specification Quantity
No.
Rotameter for flow Range 0-1000 LPH, Glass tube body,
1 measurement Bob Material-SS, connection 1’’, 01
setup Mounting inlet bottom top outlet.
X PROCEDURE
1. Interpret the given diagram.
2. Connect Rotameter measurement setup as in the diagram.
3. Fill the sump tank with water.
4. Switch on the power supply.
5. Start the pump and ensure the flow rate through the pipeline
6. Measure flow rate indicated on the Rotameter.
7. Change valve position for increasing flow rate in the pipeline.
8. Record flow rate in the observation table.
9. Repeat steps 6 to 8 for 5 to 6 readings.
10. Switch off the power supply to the setup.
XI PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN
a) Avoid zero error.
b) The rotameter must float vertically.
XII ACTUAL PROCEDURE FOLLOWED (To be written by students) (Use blank sheet
provided if space not sufficient)
1. …………………………
2. …………………………
3. ……………………….
4. ………and so on
AICTE-NITTT Module 4: Instructional Planning and Delivery © NITTTR, Bhopal All rights Reserved L13 Page 15
Unit 4.4.4: Instructional Media L13: Design of Handouts, Assignment and Laboratory Worksheets
XVI RESULTS
1. .…………………………….
2. .………………………
1. State what will happen if the Rotameter does not float vertically.
2. State the maximum range of flow rate measurement.
3. ……………. So on
S.
Title of Book Author Publication
No.
1 Electrical and Electronic Sawhney, A.K. Dhanpat Rai and Sons, N. Delhi
AICTE-NITTT Module 4: Instructional Planning and Delivery © NITTTR, Bhopal All rights Reserved L13 Page 16
Unit 4.4.4: Instructional Media L13: Design of Handouts, Assignment and Laboratory Worksheets
******
ASSIGNMENT
State the learning outcomes to be attained by the student in the following types of
instructional resources and design one of each based on the discussions in this lesson
1. A handout
2. An Assignment
3. A Laboratory worksheet
AICTE-NITTT Module 4: Instructional Planning and Delivery © NITTTR, Bhopal All rights Reserved L13 Page 17