Class 2

Department of Computer Science and Engineering
Amrita School of Engineering, Bengaluru

Topic: Control Structures-Loops
1. Observe the output of the following programs:
1. #include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
float a=5.2;
if(a == 5.2)
{
printf("equal");
}
else
{
printf("not equal");
}
}
NOTE:Float data type doesnt work with == operator , hence the output is not equal.
The same way %(modulo operator) also can’t be used with float data type.
2. What will be the output of the following C program?

#include <stdio.h>
Int i=10;
void main()
{
int i =20,n;
for(n=0;n<=i;n++)
{
int i=10;
i++;
}
printf("%d", i);
}
3. What will be output of this C snippet?
void main()
{
int i,j=1;
for(i=0;i<10;i++);
{
j=j+1;}
printf("%d %d",i,j);
}
4. Find the output of the c program
#include <stdio.h>
void main()
{
int i=20,j,k=0;
for(j=1;j >i;j++)
{
k+=j<10?4:3;
}
printf("%d", k);
}
5. Find the output?

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i = 1, j = 1;
for(--i && j++ ; i<10; i+=2)
{
printf("loop ");
}
return 0;
}
6. Find the output of given program below
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
for(5;2;2)
printf("Hello");
return 0;
}
7. Find the output of given program below
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
for(5;2;2) ;
printf("Hello");
return 0;
}
8. int main()
{
int x = 3, k;
while (x-- >= 0) {
printf("%d", x);
}
return 0;
}
9. #include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int c = 5, no = 10;
do {
no /= c;
} while(c--);
printf ("%d\n", no);

return 0;
}
10. int main()
{
int i;
for(i=0;i<5;i++);
{
printf("hello\n");
}
}
NOTE: Semicolon isn't an "operator". It terminates a "statement", and it's valid for the statement to contain nothing.
o/p : hello
11. int main()
{
int i;
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
{
printf("hello\n");
}
}
o/p:
hello
hello
hello
hello
hello
12. Observe the output
int main()
{
int i;
for(;i<5;)
{
printf("hello\n");
}
}
int main()
{
int i;
for(i=0;i<5;)
{
printf("hello\n");
}
}
int main()
{
int i;
for(; ;i++)
{
printf("hello\n");
}
}
15. while
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int n,i=1, sum=0;
printf("enter the value of n\n");

scanf("%d",&n);
while(i<=n) //syntax while(expression){ body of the loop} initilization of the loop variable, condition
check, loop variable updation
{
sum=sum+i;
i=i+1;
}
printf("the sum is=%d\n",sum);
}
16. do while
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int n,i=1, sum=0;
printf("enter the value of n\n");
scanf("%d",&n);
do //synatax do{body of the loop} while(condition);
{
sum=sum+i;
i=i+1;
}while(i<=n);
printf("the sum is=%d\n",sum);

}
Switch case:
1. Find the output of the following code:
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i = 0;
switch (i)
{
case '0': printf("Choice is zero");
break;
case '1': printf("Choice is one");
break;
default: printf("Default Choice");
}
return 0;
}
O/P:
2. Switch case with menu options and expression returning integer,and explain various options of cases,
case not having content , case having more that one ststemnet etc...
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
float a,b,c;
int choice;
printf("1: Addition 2: Sub 3: Mul 4: Div\n");

printf("Enter a\n");
scanf("%f",&a);
printf("Enter b\n");
scanf("%f",&b);
printf("Enter your operator/choice\n");
scanf("%d",&choice);
switch(choice) //syntax: switch(expression/variablename) {case 1, case1......, default}
{
case 1: c=a+b; //syntax: case value1: statements; break;
printf("The result is=%f\n",c);
break;
case 2: c=a-b; //syntax: case value2: statements; break;

break;
case 3: c=a*b; //syntax: case value3: statements; break;

break;
case 4: c=a/b; //syntax: case value4: statements; break;
break;
default: printf("invalid choice\n"); //syntax: default : statemnets;
}
printf("program is done!!");
}
3. Switch case with menu options and expression returning integer

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a,b,c;
char op;
//printf("1: Addition 2: Sub 3: Mul 4: Div\n");

printf("Enter a\n");
scanf("%d",&a);
printf("Enter b\n");
scanf("%d",&b);
printf("Enter your operator\n");
scanf(" %c",&op);
switch(op) //syntax: switch(expression/variablename) {case 1, case1......, default}
{
case '+': c=a+b; //syntax: case value1: statements; break;
printf("The result is=%d\n",c);
break;
case '-': c=a-b; //syntax: case value2: statements; break;
break;
case '*': c=a*b; //syntax: case value3: statements; break;

break;
case '/':c=a/b; //syntax: case value4: statements; break;
break;
default: printf("invalid choice\n"); //syntax: default : statemnets;
}
printf("program is done!!");
}
3. Find the output of the give program

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int ip = 5;
switch (ip)
{
case 0+1: printf("Blue");
break;
case 1+2: printf("Red");
break;
case 2+3: printf("Green");
break;
default: printf("Yellow");
}
return 0;
}
Break and Continue

1. //This program calculates the sum of a maximum of 5 numbers.
// if the user enters a negative number, the break statement is executed. This will end the for loop, and
the sum is displayed.
//he break statement ends the loop immediately when it is encountered. Its syntax is:
//The break statement ends the loop immediately when it is encountered.

#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int i;
int number, sum = 0;
for (i = 1; i <= 5; i++)

{
printf("Enter a n%d: ", i);
scanf("%d", &number);
// if the user enters a negative number, break the loop

if (number < 0) {
break;
}
sum += number; // sum = sum + number;

}
printf("Sum = %d", sum);
2. #include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i;
for(i=1; i<=10; i++)
{
if(i==5)
{
continue; //skips the current iteration and continue with next iteration
}
//break;
printf("%d\t", i); //1 2 3 4 break
// 1 2 3 4 6 7 8 9 10 continue
}
}
Practice questions:
1. Write a C program to find roots of a quadratic equation using switch case.

2. Write a C program that prints a triangle of stars. Print 1 star in row 0, 3 stars in row 1, 5 stars in
row 2, and so on using loops.Print if a given number is an Armstrong number or not.
3. Print factorial of all the numbers between a given range.
4. Print the Fibonacci series upto n.
5. Print the Fibonacci series upto n terms.
6. Program to swap the first and the last digit of a given number.
7. Print the product of all the numbers entered by the user, until the user enters any value divisible
by 5.
8. Print all the prime numbers between a given range.
9. Print multiplication table for all the numbers between a given range.
10. Print the sum of the following series upto n terms 1/1! + 2/2! + ……. + n/n!.
11. Print the sum of the following series upto n terms 1/1! + 22/2! +……….. + nn/n!.

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Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Amrita School of Engineering, Bengaluru

2. What will be the output of the following C program?

5. Find the output?

printf ("%d\n", no);

printf("enter the value of n\n");

printf("the sum is=%d\n",sum);

printf("1: Addition 2: Sub 3: Mul 4: Div\n");

case 2: c=a-b; //syntax: case value2: statements; break;

case 3: c=a*b; //syntax: case value3: statements; break;

3. Switch case with menu options and expression returning integer

//printf("1: Addition 2: Sub 3: Mul 4: Div\n");

switch(op) //syntax: switch(expression/variablename) {case 1, case1......, default}

case '*': c=a*b; //syntax: case value3: statements; break;

3. Find the output of the give program

Break and Continue

//The break statement ends the loop immediately when it is encountered.

for (i = 1; i <= 5; i++)

// if the user enters a negative number, break the loop

sum += number; // sum = sum + number;

printf("Sum = %d", sum);

1. Write a C program to find roots of a quadratic equation using switch case.

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case '': c=ab; //syntax: case value3: statements; break;