Soal Literasi Bahasa Inggris Dan Pembahasannya
Soal Literasi Bahasa Inggris Dan Pembahasannya
Soal Literasi Bahasa Inggris Dan Pembahasannya
Soal Tes Skolastik SNBT 2023 Literasi Bahasa Inggris dan pembahasannya
berikut ini!
The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. (n.d.). Taken on July 26, 2021 from https://www.britannica.com/topic/list-of-earthquakes-2009168.
Jawaban: B
Pembahasan:
Dalam sebuah wacana, topik sebuah paragraf lanjutan harus padu dengan topik
paragraf sebelumnya. Untuk menguji kepaduan ini, pembaca dapat melihat
pada bagian penutup paragraf dan bagian awal paragraf selanjutnya. Kepaduan
dua paragraf tersebut akan terlihat dari bagian-bagian tersebut.
2. Topik: General Information
The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. (n.d.). Taken on July 26, 2021 from https://www.britannica.com/topic/list-of-earthquakes-2009168.
A. Concerned
B. Critical
C. Informative
D. Satisfied
E. Optimistic
Jawaban: C
Pembahasan:
Sikap penulis dalam sebuah wacana dinyatakan dengan kata sifat, seperti yang
terlihat pada pilihan-pilihan yang tersedia. Supaya dapat menentukan kata sifat
yang tepat, pembaca perlu memperhatikan hal-hal seperti pilihan kata, jenis
kalimat (kalimat fakta atau opini), asumsi, kesimpulan, dan keberpihakan
penulis baik yang tersurat maupun tersirat dalam tulisannya.
3. Topik: Understanding Specific Information
The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. (n.d.). Taken on July 26, 2021 from https://www.britannica.com/topic/list-of-earthquakes-2009168.
What will happen when seismic waves pass through Earth’s rocks?
Jawaban: B
Pembahasan:
Soal tersebut menanyakan hal yang akan terjadi ketika gelombang seismik
melewati batuan bumi.
TikTok is often applauded for its recommendation system; once it’s finely tuned,
the app becomes one of the best scrolling experiences. My personal theory is
that’s why TikTok is so addicting—everything is so perfectly curated to your
specific interests, it’s hard to put the phone down once you’re sucked in.
However, TikTok’s recommendation algorithm still has its own flaws that the
company brings up in its new blog post.
“One of the inherent challenges with recommendation engines is that they can
inadvertently limit user experience–what is sometimes referred to as a ‘filter
bubble’,” the post reads. It states that by optimizing for personalization and
relevance, there is a risk of presenting an increasingly homogenous stream of
videos.
Another issue that TikTok takes seriously is not surfacing dangerous content.
This is an issue that YouTube in particular has faced criticism over for many
years. According to TikTok, content that has graphic material like medical
procedures or “legal consumption of regulated goods,” like alcohol, may not be
eligible for recommendation because it could come across as “shocking if
surfaced as a recommended video to a general audience”. That’s why many
creators on TikTok will upload a video more than once or talk openly about
feeling shadow banned over particular content.
Alexander, J. (2020). TikTok reveals some of the secrets, and blind spots, of its recommendation algorithm. Taken on December 31, 2021 from
https://www.theverge.com/2020/6/18/21296044/tiktok-for-you-page-algorithm-sides-engagement-data-creators-trends-sounds.
Jawaban: D
Pembahasan:
Tujuan seorang penulis tercermin dari topik dan kesimpulan yang terdapat di
dalam tulisannya. Oleh sebab itu, pembaca perlu memahami dua hal tersebut
lebih dulu supaya dapat menentukan tujuan penulis.
TikTok is often applauded for its recommendation system; once it’s finely tuned,
the app becomes one of the best scrolling experiences. My personal theory is
that’s why TikTok is so addicting—everything is so perfectly curated to your
specific interests, it’s hard to put the phone down once you’re sucked in.
However, TikTok’s recommendation algorithm still has its own flaws that the
company brings up in its new blog post.
“One of the inherent challenges with recommendation engines is that they can
inadvertently limit user experience–what is sometimes referred to as a ‘filter
bubble’,” the post reads. It states that by optimizing for personalization and
relevance, there is a risk of presenting an increasingly homogenous stream of
videos.
Another issue that TikTok takes seriously is not surfacing dangerous content.
This is an issue that YouTube in particular has faced criticism over for many
years. According to TikTok, content that has graphic material like medical
procedures or “legal consumption of regulated goods,” like alcohol, may not be
eligible for recommendation because it could come across as “shocking if
surfaced as a recommended video to a general audience”. That’s why many
creators on TikTok will upload a video more than once or talk openly about
feeling shadow banned over particular content.
Alexander, J. (2020). TikTok reveals some of the secrets, and blind spots, of its recommendation algorithm. Taken on December 31, 2021 from
https://www.theverge.com/2020/6/18/21296044/tiktok-for-you-page-algorithm-sides-engagement-data-creators-trends-sounds.
Jawaban: A
Pembahasan:
Prediksi adalah simpulan tentang apa yang akan terjadi dalam kaitan dengan
sebuah informasi. Meskipun kebenaran atau ketepatannya belum dapat
ditentukan, sebuah prediksi yang baik harus berhubungan logis dengan
informasi yang melandasinya.
Pilihan D adalah sebuah prediksi yang tidak baik karena alasan yang serupa
dengan alasan pada pilihan B. Teks tidak memberikan informasi yang cukup
mengenai aplikasi-aplikasi lain untuk digunakan sebagai landasan prediksi
mengenai apa yang akan dilakukan oleh aplikasi-aplikasi tersebut.
Pilihan E juga tidak dapat disebut sebagai sebuah prediksi karena
menyatakan sesuatu yang kemungkinan besar tidak akan terjadi. Paragraf
kedua menjelaskan bahwa sistem rekomendasi TikTok beresiko menampilkan
video-video yang homogen sehingga kemungkinan para pengguna tidak
terekspos topik-topik di luar preferensi mereka
6. Topic: Extracting Core Information
The bacteria primarily infects the conjunctiva, which are the delicate
membranes lining the eyelids and covering the edges of the eyeballs. The
infection causes inflammation known as conjunctivitis. In normal cats, the
conjunctiva is not readily visible and has a pale, salmon pink color. In cats with
conjunctivitis, the conjunctiva becomes swollen and red, making it more visible.
The nictitating membrane or third eyelid in the inner corner of the eye may
protrude partially across the eye. One or both eyes may be involved.
Affected cats initially develop a watery discharge from the eyes that quickly
becomes thicker and is usually a yellow or greenish color. The eyes are
uncomfortable and cats often keep the affected eye(s) closed. Many cats remain
bright and otherwise appear normal, but some may develop a fever or lose their
appetite. After one or two days, sniffles and sneezing may also occur. In kittens,
the infection may spread to the lungs and cause fatal pneumonia.
Hunter, T. (n.d). Chlamydial Conjunctivitis in Cats. Taken on September 21, 2021 from https://vcahospitals.com/know-your-pet/chlamydial-conjunctivitis-
in-cats.
Jawaban: B
Pembahasan:
Soal menanyakan gagasan utama teks. Gagasan utama teks dapat disimpulkan
dari gagasan utama setiap paragrafnya.
The bacteria primarily infects the conjunctiva, which are the delicate
membranes lining the eyelids and covering the edges of the eyeballs. The
infection causes inflammation known as conjunctivitis. In normal cats, the
conjunctiva is not readily visible and has a pale, salmon pink color. In cats with
conjunctivitis, the conjunctiva becomes swollen and red, making it more visible.
The nictitating membrane or third eyelid in the inner corner of the eye may
protrude partially across the eye. One or both eyes may be involved.
Affected cats initially develop a watery discharge from the eyes that quickly
becomes thicker and is usually a yellow or greenish color. The eyes are
uncomfortable and cats often keep the affected eye(s) closed. Many cats remain
bright and otherwise appear normal, but some may develop a fever or lose their
appetite. After one or two days, sniffles and sneezing may also occur. In kittens,
the infection may spread to the lungs and cause fatal pneumonia.
Hunter, T. (n.d). Chlamydial Conjunctivitis in Cats. Taken on September 21, 2021 from https://vcahospitals.com/know-your-pet/chlamydial-conjunctivitis-
in-cats.
A. eating disorder
B. laboured breathing
C. low body temperature
D. abnormal eye discharge
E. dysfunctional eye membrane
Jawaban: D
Pembahasan:
Supply chain weaknesses were brought to the forefront during the COVID-19
pandemic, especially for industries relying on electronics, as the flow of raw
materials slowed or sometimes stopped. On top of that, shifting consumer
values and tougher environmental regulations have resulted in more people
buying hybrid vehicles. The batteries in these cars require rare metals that,
depending on their supplies, can have volatile and unpredictable prices.
However, there are other scarce elements and materials that may be used in
smaller amounts in hybrid models versus conventional gas vehicles, raising the
question of how these vehicles really compare with regard to supply chain
vulnerabilities. Randolph Kirchain and colleagues wanted to develop a
comprehensive comparison of the elements and compounds that go into all the
parts in gas-powered, self-charging hybrid and plug-in hybrid cars, calculating
each of the three vehicles' materials cost vulnerability.
American Chemical Society. (2021). Hybrid cars are twice as vulnerable to supply chain issues as gas-powered models. Taken on August 16, 2021 from
www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/07/210728105731.htm.
According to the passage, due to the raw components, the buyers will find a
hybrid vehicle ....
A. pricey
B. exorbitant
C. invaluable
D. overpriced
E. economical
Jawaban: A
Pembahasan:
Pilihan B dan D tidak tepat. Kata exorbitant dan overpriced memiliki arti 'di
atas harga wajar'. Pada teks memang disebutkan bahwa harga bahan baku
kendaraan hibrida tinggi, tetapi bukan berarti harga tersebut di atas harga
wajar.
Pilihan C (tak ternilai) tidak tepat. Bahan baku yang berharga tinggi akan
membuat kendaraan hibrida juga berharga tinggi, tetapi berharga tinggi bukan
berarti tak ternilai.
Supply chain weaknesses were brought to the forefront during the COVID-19
pandemic, especially for industries relying on electronics, as the flow of raw
materials slowed or sometimes stopped. On top of that, shifting consumer
values and tougher environmental regulations have resulted in more people
buying hybrid vehicles. The batteries in these cars require rare metals that,
depending on their supplies, can have volatile and unpredictable prices.
However, there are other scarce elements and materials that may be used in
smaller amounts in hybrid models versus conventional gas vehicles, raising the
question of how these vehicles really compare with regard to supply chain
vulnerabilities. Randolph Kirchain and colleagues wanted to develop a
comprehensive comparison of the elements and compounds that go into all the
parts in gas-powered, self-charging hybrid and plug-in hybrid cars, calculating
each of the three vehicles' materials cost vulnerability.
www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/07/210728105731.htm.
Jawaban: E
Pembahasan:
Soal tersebut menanyakan kaitan antara paragraf 1 dan paragraf 2 pada teks.
Supply chain weaknesses were brought to the forefront during the COVID-19
pandemic, especially for industries relying on electronics, as the flow of raw
materials slowed or sometimes stopped. On top of that, shifting consumer
values and tougher environmental regulations have resulted in more people
buying hybrid vehicles. The batteries in these cars require rare metals that,
depending on their supplies, can have volatile and unpredictable prices.
However, there are other scarce elements and materials that may be used in
smaller amounts in hybrid models versus conventional gas vehicles, raising the
question of how these vehicles really compare with regard to supply chain
vulnerabilities. Randolph Kirchain and colleagues wanted to develop a
comprehensive comparison of the elements and compounds that go into all the
parts in gas-powered, self-charging hybrid and plug-in hybrid cars, calculating
each of the three vehicles' materials cost vulnerability.
www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/07/210728105731.htm.
Which of the following best restates the underlined sentence in the first
paragraph?
Jawaban: D
Pembahasan:
Loneliness and social isolation in older adults are serious public health risks
affecting a significant number of people in the United States and putting them
at risk for dementia and other serious medical conditions. A report from the
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM) points out
that more than one-third of adults aged 45 and older feel lonely, and nearly one-
fourth of adults aged 65 and older are considered to be socially isolated. Older
adults are at increased risk for loneliness and social isolation because they are
more likely to face factors such as living alone, the loss of family or friends,
chronic illness, and hearing loss.
Although it’s hard to measure social isolation and loneliness precisely, there is
strong evidence that many adults aged 50 and older are socially isolated or
lonely in ways that put their health at risk. Recent studies found that social
isolation significantly increased a person’s risk of premature death from all
causes, a risk that may rival those of smoking, obesity, and physical inactivity.
Poor social relationships (characterized by social isolation or loneliness) was
also associated with a 29% increased risk of heart disease. Loneliness among
heart failure patients was associated with a nearly 4 times increased risk of
death, 68% increased risk of hospitalization, and 57% increased risk of
emergency department visits.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2017). Loneliness and Social Isolation Linked to Serious Health Conditions. Taken on November 30,
2021 from https://www.cdc.gov/aging/publications/features/lonely-older-adults.html.
A. disseminate the information about the impacts loneliness and social isolation in
the elderly
B. encourage people to be more concerned about the elderly who are lonely and
socially isolated
C. prove that the elderly experiencing loneliness and social isolation actually exist in
the United States
D. convey the pain and sadness experienced by lonely and socially isolated elderly
based on research
E. tell about the loneliness and unhappiness felt by the elderly who are socially
isolated, as well as research findings
Jawaban: A
Pembahasan:
Paragraf pertama menyampaikan bahwa kesepian dan isolasi sosial pada lansia
adalah risiko kesehatan masyarakat yang serius yang memengaruhi sejumlah
besar orang di Amerika Serikat. Paragraf kedua menyampaikan hasil penelitian
tentang dampak kesepian dan isolasi sosial yang dialami oleh para lansia.
Secara umum, teksnya membahas dampak buruk dari rasa kesepian dan isolasi
sosial bagi mereka yang berusia tua. Dengan demikian, tujuan teks tersebut
adalah menyebarluaskan informasi tentang dampak rasa kesepian dan
isolasi sosial pada lansia sehingga pilihan A tepat.
Pilihan B tidak tepat karena tidak ada ajakan dari si penulis kepada para
pembacanya untuk lebih memperhatikan para lansia yang mengalami kesepian
dan isolasi sosial.
Jawaban: B
Pembahasan:
Secara umum, teks bacaan membahas tentang rasa kesepian dan isolasi sosial
yang dialami para lansia yang berdampak buruk pada kesehatan mereka.
Dengan demikian, sasaran teks ini adalah mereka yang tinggal di sekitar
lansia agar mereka memperhatikan kondisi para lansia tersebut. Jadi, pilihan B
tepat.
Pilihan A tidak tepat. Keluarga yang tinggal dengan lansia tahu persis kondisi
lansia di rumah mereka karena mereka setiap hari berinteraksi dan merawat
para lansia ini. Para lansia pun tidak akan merasa kesepian karenanya. Dengan
demikian, keluarga-keluarga tersebut bukanlah sasaran dari artikel ini.
Pilihan C dan D tidak tepat. Para lansia bukan sasaran dari artikel ini karena
merekalah yang merasakan kesepian. Artikel ini harusnya dibaca oleh mereka
yang dapat membantu para lansia ini.
Jawaban: B
Pembahasan:
Pilihan C tidak tepat karena tidak cukup informasi pada kalimat ketiga dan
keempat paragraf terakhir yang dapat mendukung kesimpulan ini. Kesimpulan
ini tepat jika terdapat informasi bahwa sebagian besar lansia tersebut
mengalami penyakit jantung.
Pilihan E tidak tepat karena tidak ada informasi tentang angka kematian yang
disebabkan oleh rasa kesepian sehingga tidak dapat disimpulkan bahwa
kesepian dan isolasi sosial akan membuat orang tidak dapat bertahan hidup.
Informasi yang disampaikan hanya risiko kematian yang meningkat.
Those in the retail industry that are successful in digitally transforming will be
ones that leverage technology to innovate around an immersive and disruptive
customer experience. These “lighthouse” retailers are the ones driving
innovation, adopting emerging technologies early, and showing the industry
what works and is possible. They are the ones experimenting with new models
and store formats, playing with recombinations/reconfigurations of scale,
assets, product, place, and people. The “store of the future” is the keystone of
this effort.
The store of the future will combine multiple formats to deliver an immersive
and unique experience across all customer touchpoints online and in the store.
It will be heavily instrumented for operational efficiency and digitally connected
end-to-end to leverage a single view of customer, product, and order. The store
of the future – despite its reliance on sophisticated technology and
infrastructure – will be trying to look smaller and less intimidating, more
personalized, and frictionless.
The deployment of these and other digital technologies in disruptive ways can
turn visitors into shoppers and shoppers into brand-loyal customers. However,
understanding which consumers want personalization and which want
contextualized and relevant experiences, while protecting everyone’s privacy,
has grown more difficult. With so much at stake, data privacy has become a
challenge for every party involved.
Eastman, R. (2019). The Store Of The Future Depends Upon A Modern Infrastructure. Taken on September 29, 2021 from https://blog.lumen.com/store-of-
future-depends-upon-modern-infrastructure/.
Jawaban: B
Pembahasan:
Soal tersebut menanyakan sasaran pembaca yang tepat untuk teks ini. Untuk
mengetahuinya, perlu dipahami ide pokok dari teks terlebih dahulu.
Oleh karena itu, yang paling mungkin menjadi sasaran teks adalah orang
yang berwenang atau yang dapat membuat kebijakan untuk mengubah format
ritel menjadi digital dan mempelajari langkah-langkah yang harus diterapkan
supaya sukses dalam transformasinya. Dari opsi jawaban, sasaran pembaca
yang paling tepat adalah businessperson, yaitu orang yang bekerja di bidang
bisnis, terutama orang yang memiliki posisi penting di perusahaan. Dengan
demikian, pilihan B tepat.
Jawaban: D
Pembahasan:
Pilihan D tepat. Informasi ini juga terdapat di paragraf dua kalimat satu.
Disebutkan bahwa toko di masa depan memang akan menggabungkan
berbagai format untuk memberikan pengalaman berbelanja yang berbeda.
Dengan demikian, pernyataan informasi ini sesuai.
Jawaban: C
Pembahasan:
Soal tersebut menanyakan ide pokok dari teks. Ide pokok ini dapat diketahui
dengan memerhatikan ide pokok dari setiap paragraf.
Berdasarkan ide pokok tersebut, dapat dipahami bahwa ide pokok dari bacaan
adalah transformasi digital pada industri ritel, atau bisa dimaknai
dengan digitalisasi bisnis ritel untuk mendorong peningkatannya atau bisa
dimaknai dengan peningkatan fungsi dari sistem yang sudah ada pada industri
ritel dengan teknologi. Dengan demikian, pilihan C tepat.
The IPR Center, working collaboratively with its 27 public and private sector
partners, stands at the forefront of the United States government's response to
combatting global intellectual property theft and enforcing intellectual
properties rights violations. The IPR Center was established to combat global
intellectual property theft and, accordingly, has a significant role policing the
sale and distribution of counterfeit goods on websites, social media, and the
dark web. These efforts protect U.S. industry, the U.S. consumer, and the safety
of the American public from the adverse economic impact and health dangers
posed from introducing counterfeit products into U.S. commerce.
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement. (2021). New toolkit helps consumers avoid scams while holiday shopping. Taken on November 30, 2021, from
https://www.ice.gov/news/releases/new-toolkit-helps-consumers-avoid-scams-while-holiday-shopping.
A. warn the readers how vulnerable online shopping can be for them
B. raise awareness of the dangers of fake goods that harm consumers
C. let the public know the IPR's latest effort to combat counterfeit goods
D. inform the problems that can result from purchasing counterfeit products
E. explain why counterfeit products are risky and should be avoided by the IPR
Jawaban: C
Pembahasan:
Secara umum, teks membahas tentang upaya terkini dari IPR (perilisan the
holiday shopping toolkit terbaru) untuk memerangi barang palsu. Dengan
demikian, tujuan dari penulisan teks adalah untuk memberitahu masyarakat
tentang upaya IPR dalam memerangi barang palsu sehingga pilihan C tepat.
A. evil
B. virtuous
C. irritating
D. damaging
E. troublesome
Jawaban: A
Pembahasan:
Pada teks, kata nefarious terdapat dalam kalimat yang memiliki arti 'Barang
tiruan tidak hanya menipu konsumen dengan produk di bawah standar dan
berpotensi berbahaya, tetapi situs belanja online yang digunakan juga dapat
mencuri data pribadi dan keuangan konsumen untuk
tujuan nefarious lainnya.'.
Jawaban: E
Pembahasan:
Paragraf ketiga membahas upaya IPR Center dan 27 mitra sektor publik dan
swasta dalam memerangi pencurian kekayaan intelektual yang dapat
membantu pemantauan terhadap penjualan barang tiruan di dunia maya.
A. The IPR Center publishes a new holiday shopping kit in the US.
B. The IPR Center prevents counterfeit goods from entering the United
States.
C. The IPR's new holiday shopping kit campaign seeks to encourage
American to actively combat counterfeit items.
D. The IPR Center released a new holiday shopping toolkit intended to
protect Americans from purchasing counterfeit goods.
E. A new holiday shopping kit has been released in the USA by the IPR Center to fight
global intellectual property theft.
Jawaban: D
Pembahasan:
Soal menanyakan rangkuman yang tepat dari teks. Rangkuman yang baik harus
memuat gagasan utama dari setiap paragraf.
Berdasarkan isi dari tiap paragraf, teks tersebut dapat dirangkum menjadi 'IPR,
yang bertujuan untuk memerangi pencurian kekayaan intelektual global dan
menegakkan pelanggaran hak kekayaan intelektual, merilis perangkat belanja
liburan baru yang dimaksudkan untuk melindungi orang Amerika dari membeli
barang palsu yang dapat membahayakan keuangan dan kesehatan mereka.'.
Rangkuman ini memuat semua gagasan utama yang ada di tiap paragraf.
Jadi, pilihan D tepat.
Pilihan A tidak tepat karena tidak membahas tujuan dari peluncuran holiday
shopping kit tersebut.