JSP Note by Advance Java

JSP
JSP technology is used to create web application just like Servlet technology. It can be thought of as an
extension to Servlet because it provides more functionality than servlet such as expression language, JSTL, etc.
A JSP page consists of HTML tags and JSP tags. The JSP pages are easier to maintain than Servlet because we
can separate designing and development. It provides some additional features such as Expression Language,
Custom Tags, etc.
Advantages of JSP over Servlet

There are many advantages of JSP over the Servlet. They are as follows:
1) Extension to Servlet
JSP technology is the extension to Servlet technology. We can use all the features of the Servlet in JSP. In
addition to, we can use implicit objects, predefined tags, expression language and Custom tags in JSP, that
makes JSP development easy.Engineers Achieve Nuclear Fusion by Shooting Projectile at 14,500 MPH
2) Easy to maintain
JSP can be easily managed because we can easily separate our business logic with presentation logic. In Servlet
technology, we mix our business logic with the presentation logic.
3) Fast Development: No need to recompile and redeploy
If JSP page is modified, we don't need to recompile and redeploy the project. The Servlet code needs to be
updated and recompiled if we have to change the look and feel of the application.
4) Less code than Servlet
In JSP, we can use many tags such as action tags, JSTL, custom tags, etc. that reduces the code. Moreover, we
can use EL, implicit objects, etc.
The Lifecycle of a JSP Page
The JSP pages follow these phases:
o Translation of JSP Page

o Compilation of JSP Page
o Classloading (the classloader loads class file)
o Instantiation (Object of the Generated Servlet is created).
o Initialization ( the container invokes jspInit() method).
o Request processing ( the container invokes _jspService() method).
o Destroy ( the container invokes jspDestroy() method).
Note: jspInit(), _jspService() and jspDestroy() are the life cycle methods of JSP.
As depicted in the above diagram, JSP page is translated into Servlet by the help of JSP translator. The JSP
translator is a part of the web server which is responsible for translating the JSP page into Servlet. After that,
Servlet page is compiled by the compiler and gets converted into the class file. Moreover, all the processes that
happen in Servlet are performed on JSP later like initialization, committing response to the browser and
destroy.
Creating a simple JSP Page
To create the first JSP page, write some HTML code as given below, and save it by .jsp extension. We have
saved this file as index.jsp. Put it in a folder and paste the folder in the web-apps directory in apache tomcat to
run the JSP page.
index.jsp
Let's see the simple example of JSP where we are using the scriptlet tag to put Java code in the JSP page. We
will learn scriptlet tag later.
1. <html>
2. <body>
3. <% out.print(2*5); %>
4. </body>
5. </html>
The JSP API

The JSP API consists of two packages:
1. javax.servlet.jsp
2. javax.servlet.jsp.tagext
javax.servlet.jsp package
The javax.servlet.jsp package has two interfaces and classes.The two interfaces are as follows:
1. JspPage
2. HttpJspPage
The classes are as follows:
o JspWriter
o PageContext
o JspFactory
o JspEngineInfo
o JspException
o JspError
The JspPage interface

According to the JSP specification, all the generated servlet classes must implement the JspPage interface. It
extends the Servlet interface. It provides two life cycle methods.
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Methods of JspPage interface
1. public void jspInit(): It is invoked only once during the life cycle of the JSP when JSP page is
requested firstly. It is used to perform initialization. It is same as the init() method of Servlet interface.
2. public void jspDestroy(): It is invoked only once during the life cycle of the JSP before the JSP page is
destroyed. It can be used to perform some clean up operation.
The HttpJspPage interface

The HttpJspPage interface provides the one life cycle method of JSP. It extends the JspPage interface.
Method of HttpJspPage interface:
1. public void _jspService(): It is invoked each time when request for the JSP page comes to the
container. It is used to process the request. The underscore _ signifies that you cannot override this
method.
JSP Scriptlet tag (Scripting elements)
In JSP, java code can be written inside the jsp page using the scriptlet tag. Let's see what are the scripting
elements first.
JSP Scripting elements

The scripting elements provides the ability to insert java code inside the jsp. There are three types of scripting
elements:
o scriptlet tag
o expression tag
o declaration tag
JSP scriptlet tag
A scriptlet tag is used to execute java source code in JSP. Syntax is as follows:
1. <% java source code %>
Example of JSP scriptlet tag

In this example, we are displaying a welcome message.
1. <html>
2. <body>
3. <% out.print("welcome to jsp"); %>
4. </body>
5. </html>
Example of JSP scriptlet tag that prints the user name
In this example, we have created two files index.html and welcome.jsp. The index.html file gets the username
from the user and the welcome.jsp file prints the username with the welcome message.
File: index.html
1. <html>
2. <body>
3. <form action="welcome.jsp">
4. <input type="text" name="uname">
5. <input type="submit" value="go"><br/>
6. </form>
7. </body>
8. </html>
File: welcome.jsp
1. <html>
2. <body>
3. <%
4. String name=request.getParameter("uname");
5. out.print("welcome "+name);
6. %>
7. </form>
8. </body>
9. </html>
JSP Declaration Tag

The JSP declaration tag is used to declare fields and methods.
The code written inside the jsp declaration tag is placed outside the service() method of auto generated servlet.
So it doesn't get memory at each request.
Syntax of JSP declaration tag
The syntax of the declaration tag is as follows:
1. <%! field or method declaration %>

Difference between JSP Scriptlet tag and Declaration tag
Jsp Scriptlet Tag Jsp Declaration Tag
The jsp scriptlet tag can only declare variables not The jsp declaration tag can declare variables as well as
methods. methods.
The declaration of scriptlet tag is placed inside the The declaration of jsp declaration tag is placed outside the
_jspService() method. _jspService() method.
Example of JSP declaration tag that declares field
In this example of JSP declaration tag, we are declaring the field and printing the value of the declared field
using the jsp expression tag.
index.jsp
1. <html>
2. <body>
3. <%! int data=50; %>
4. <%= "Value of the variable is:"+data %>
5. </body>
6. </html>
Example of JSP declaration tag that declares method
In this example of JSP declaration tag, we are defining the method which returns the cube of given number and
calling this method from the jsp expression tag. But we can also use jsp scriptlet tag to call the declared
method.
index.jsp
1. <html>
2. <body>
3. <%!
4. int cube(int n){
5. return n*n*n*;
6. }
7. %>
8. <%= "Cube of 3 is:"+cube(3) %>
9. </body>
10. </html>
JSP expression tag
The code placed within JSP expression tag is written to the output stream of the response. So you need not
write out.print() to write data. It is mainly used to print the values of variable or method.
Syntax of JSP expression tag
1. <%= statement %>
Example of JSP expression tag

In this example of jsp expression tag, we are simply displaying a welcome message.
1. <html>
2. <body>
3. <%= "welcome to jsp" %>
4. </body>
5. </html>
Note: Do not end your statement with semicolon in case of expression tag.
Example of JSP expression tag that prints current time

To display the current time, we have used the getTime() method of Calendar class. The getTime() is an instance
method of Calendar class, so we have called it after getting the instance of Calendar class by the getInstance()
method.
index.jsp
1. <html>
2. <body>
3. Current Time: <%= java.util.Calendar.getInstance().getTime() %>
4. </body>
5. </html>
Example of JSP expression tag that prints the user name
In this example, we are printing the username using the expression tag. The index.html file gets the username
and sends the request to the welcome.jsp file, which displays the username.
File: index.jsp
1. <html>
2. <body>
4. <input type="text" name="uname"><br/>
5. <input type="submit" value="go">
6. </form>
7. </body>
8. </html>
File: welcome.jsp
1. <html>
2. <body>
3. <%= "Welcome "+request.getParameter("uname") %>
4. </body>
5. </html>
JSP Implicit Objects

There are 9 jsp implicit objects. These objects are created by the web container that are available to all the jsp
pages.
The available implicit objects are out, request, config, session, application etc.
A list of the 9 implicit objects is given below:
Object Type
out JspWriter
request HttpServletRequest
response HttpServletResponse
config ServletConfig
application ServletContext
session HttpSession
pageContext PageContext
page Object
exception Throwable
1. JSP out implicit object
For writing any data to the buffer, JSP provides an implicit object named out. It is the object of JspWriter. In
case of servlet you need to write:
1. PrintWriter out=response.getWriter();
But in JSP, you don't need to write this code.
Example of out implicit object
In this example we are simply displaying date and time.
index.jsp
1. <html>
2. <body>
3. <% out.print("Today is:"+java.util.Calendar.getInstance().getTime()); %>
4. </body>
5. </html>
Output
2. JSP request implicit object
The JSP request is an implicit object of type HttpServletRequest i.e. created for each jsp request by the web
container. It can be used to get request information such as parameter, header information, remote address,
server name, server port, content type, character encoding etc.
It can also be used to set, get and remove attributes from the jsp request scope.
Let's see the simple example of request implicit object where we are printing the name of the user with
welcome message.
Example of JSP request implicit object
index.html
4. </form>
welcome.jsp
1. <%
3. out.print("welcome "+name);
4. %>
Output
3) JSP response implicit object
In JSP, response is an implicit object of type HttpServletResponse. The instance of HttpServletResponse is
created by the web container for each jsp request.
It can be used to add or manipulate response such as redirect response to another resource, send error etc.
Let's see the example of response implicit object where we are redirecting the response to the Google.
Example of response implicit object
index.html
4. </form>
welcome.jsp
1. <%
2. response.sendRedirect("http://www.google.com");
3. %>
Output
4) JSP config implicit object
In JSP, config is an implicit object of type ServletConfig. This object can be used to get initialization parameter
for a particular JSP page. The config object is created by the web container for each jsp page.
Generally, it is used to get initialization parameter from the web.xml file.
Example of config implicit object:
index.html
1. <form action="welcome">
4. </form>
web.xml file
1. <web-app>
2.
3. <servlet>
4. <servlet-name>sonoojaiswal</servlet-name>
5. <jsp-file>/welcome.jsp</jsp-file>
6.
7. <init-param>
8. <param-name>dname</param-name>
9. <param-value>sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver</param-value>
10. </init-param>
11.
12. </servlet>
13.
14. <servlet-mapping>
16. <url-pattern>/welcome</url-pattern>
17. </servlet-mapping>
18.
19. </web-app>
welcome.jsp
1. <%
2. out.print("Welcome "+request.getParameter("uname"));
3.
4. String driver=config.getInitParameter("dname");
5. out.print("driver name is="+driver);
6. %>
Output
5) JSP application implicit object
In JSP, application is an implicit object of type ServletContext.
The instance of ServletContext is created only once by the web container when application or project is
deployed on the server.
This object can be used to get initialization parameter from configuaration file (web.xml). It can also be used to
get, set or remove attribute from the application scope.
This initialization parameter can be used by all jsp pages.
Example of application implicit object:
index.html
1. <form action="welcome">
4. </form>
web.xml file
1. <web-app>
2.
3. <servlet>
5. <jsp-file>/welcome.jsp</jsp-file>
6. </servlet>
7.
10. <url-pattern>/welcome</url-pattern>
12.
13. <context-param>
14. <param-name>dname</param-name>
15. <param-value>sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver</param-value>
16. </context-param>
17.
18. </web-app>
welcome.jsp
1. <%
2.
3. out.print("Welcome "+request.getParameter("uname"));
4.
5. String driver=application.getInitParameter("dname");
6. out.print("driver name is="+driver);
7.
8. %>
Output
6) session implicit object
In JSP, session is an implicit object of type HttpSession.The Java developer can use this object to set,get or remove
attribute or to get session information.
Example of session implicit object
index.html
1. <html>
2. <body>
6. </form>
7. </body>
8. </html>
welcome.jsp
1. <html>
2. <body>
3. <%
4.
6. out.print("Welcome "+name);
7.
8. session.setAttribute("user",name);
9.
10. <a href="second.jsp">second jsp page</a>
11.
12. %>
13. </body>
14. </html>
second.jsp
1. <html>
2. <body>
3. <%
4.
5. String name=(String)session.getAttribute("user");
6. out.print("Hello "+name);
7.
8. %>
9. </body>
10. </html>
OutPut:
O
7) pageContext implicit object
In JSP, pageContext is an implicit object of type PageContext class.The pageContext object can be used to set,get or
remove attribute from one of the following scopes:
o page
o request
o session
o application
In JSP, page scope is the default scope.
Example of pageContext implicit object
index.html
1. <html>
2. <body>
6. </form>
7. </body>
8. </html>
welcome.jsp
1. <html>
2. <body>
3. <%
4.
6. out.print("Welcome "+name);
7.
8. pageContext.setAttribute("user",name,PageContext.SESSION_SCOPE);
9.
10. <a href="second.jsp">second jsp page</a>
11.
12. %>
13. </body>
14. </html>
second.jsp
1. <html>
2. <body>
3. <%
4.
5. String name=(String)pageContext.getAttribute("user",PageContext.SESSION_SCOPE);
6. out.print("Hello "+name);
7.
8. %>
9. </body>
10. </html>
Output:
8. exception implicit object
In JSP, exception is an implicit object of type java.lang.Throwable class. This object can be used to print the exception. But
it can only be used in error pages.It is better to learn it after page directive. Let's see a simple example:
Example of exception implicit object:
error.jsp
1. <%@ page isErrorPage="true" %>

2. <html>
3. <body>
4.
5. Sorry following exception occured:<%= exception %>
6.
7. </body>
8. </html>
To get the full example, click here full example of exception handling in jsp. But, it will be better to learn it after
the JSP Directives.
JSP directives
The jsp directives are messages that tells the web container how to translate a JSP page into the
corresponding servlet.
There are three types of directives:
o page directive
o include directive
o taglib directive
Syntax of JSP Directive
1. <%@ directive attribute="value" %>

JSP page directive
The page directive defines attributes that apply to an entire JSP page.
Syntax of JSP page directive
1. <%@ page attribute="value" %>
Attributes of JSP page directive
o import
o contentType
o extends
o info
o buffer
o language
o isELIgnored
o isThreadSafe
o autoFlush
o session
o pageEncoding
o errorPage
o isErrorPage
1)import
The import attribute is used to import class,interface or all the members of a package.It is similar to import keyword in
java class or interface.
Example of import attribute
1. <html>
2. <body>
3.
4. <%@ page import="java.util.Date" %>
5. Today is: <%= new Date() %>
6.
7. </body>
8. </html>
2)contentType
The contentType attribute defines the MIME(Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension) type of the HTTP
response.The default value is "text/html;charset=ISO-8859-1".
Example of contentType attribute
1. <html>
2. <body>
3.
4. <%@ page contentType=application/msword %>
5. Today is: <%= new java.util.Date() %>
6.
7. </body>
8. </html>
3)extends
The extends attribute defines the parent class that will be inherited by the generated servlet.It is rarely used.
4)info
This attribute simply sets the information of the JSP page which is retrieved later by using getServletInfo()
method of Servlet interface.
Example of info attribute
1. <html>
2. <body>
3.
4. <%@ page info="composed by Sonoo Jaiswal" %>
6.
7. </body>
8. </html>
The web container will create a method getServletInfo() in the resulting servlet.For example:
1. public String getServletInfo() {

2. return "composed by Sonoo Jaiswal";
3. }
5)buffer
The buffer attribute sets the buffer size in kilobytes to handle output generated by the JSP page.The default
size of the buffer is 8Kb.
Example of buffer attribute
1. <html>
2. <body>
3.
4. <%@ page buffer="16kb" %>
6.
7. </body>
8. </html>
6)language
The language attribute specifies the scripting language used in the JSP page. The default value is "java".
7)isELIgnored
We can ignore the Expression Language (EL) in jsp by the isELIgnored attribute. By default its value is false i.e. Expression
Language is enabled by default. We see Expression Language later.
1. <%@ page isELIgnored="true" %>//Now EL will be ignored
8)isThreadSafe
Servlet and JSP both are multithreaded.If you want to control this behaviour of JSP page, you can use isThreadSafe
attribute of page directive.The value of isThreadSafe value is true.If you make it false, the web container will serialize the
multiple requests, i.e. it will wait until the JSP finishes responding to a request before passing another request to it.If you
make the value of isThreadSafe attribute like:
<%@ page isThreadSafe="false" %>
The web container in such a case, will generate the servlet as:
1. public class SimplePage_jsp extends HttpJspBase
2. implements SingleThreadModel{
3. .......
4. }
9)errorPage
The errorPage attribute is used to define the error page, if exception occurs in the current page, it will be
redirected to the error page.
Example of errorPage attribute
1. //index.jsp
2. <html>
3. <body>
4.
5. <%@ page errorPage="myerrorpage.jsp" %>
6.
7. <%= 100/0 %>
8.
9. </body>
10. </html>
10)isErrorPage
The isErrorPage attribute is used to declare that the current page is the error page.
Note: The exception object can only be used in the error page.
Example of isErrorPage attribute
1. //myerrorpage.jsp
2. <html>
3. <body>
4.
6.
7. Sorry an exception occured!<br/>
8. The exception is: <%= exception %>
9.
10. </body>
11. </html>
Jsp Include Directive

The include directive is used to include the contents of any resource it may be jsp file, html file or text file. The
include directive includes the original content of the included resource at page translation time (the jsp page is
translated only once so it will be better to include static resource).
Advantage of Include directive
Code Reusability
Syntax of include directive
1. <%@ include file="resourceName" %>
Example of include directive
In this example, we are including the content of the header.html file. To run this example you must create an
header.html file.
1. <html>
2. <body>
3.
4. <%@ include file="header.html" %>
5.
6. Today is: <%= java.util.Calendar.getInstance().getTime() %>
7.
8. </body>
9. </html>
JSP Taglib directive
The JSP taglib directive is used to define a tag library that defines many tags. We use the TLD (Tag Library
Descriptor) file to define the tags. In the custom tag section we will use this tag so it will be better to learn it in
custom tag.
Syntax JSP Taglib directive
1. <%@ taglib uri="uriofthetaglibrary" prefix="prefixoftaglibrary" %>
Example of JSP Taglib directive
In this example, we are using our tag named currentDate. To use this tag we must specify the taglib directive so
the container may get information about the tag.
1. <html>
2. <body>
3.
4. <%@ taglib uri="http://www.javatpoint.com/tags" prefix="mytag" %>
5.
6. <mytag:currentDate/>
7.
8. </body>
9. </html>
Exception Handling in JSP

The exception is normally an object that is thrown at runtime. Exception Handling is the process to handle the
runtime errors. There may occur exception any time in your web application. So handling exceptions is a safer
side for the web developer. In JSP, there are two ways to perform exception handling:
1. By errorPage and isErrorPage attributes of page directive

2. By <error-page> element in web.xml file
Example of exception handling in jsp by the elements of page directive
In this case, you must define and create a page to handle the exceptions, as in the error.jsp page. The pages
where may occur exception, define the errorPage attribute of page directive, as in the process.jsp page.
There are 3 files:
o index.jsp for input values

o process.jsp for dividing the two numbers and displaying the result
o error.jsp for handling the exception
index.jsp
1. <form action="process.jsp">
2. No1:<input type="text" name="n1" /><br/><br/>
3. No1:<input type="text" name="n2" /><br/><br/>
4. <input type="submit" value="divide"/>
5. </form>
process.jsp
1. <%@ page errorPage="error.jsp" %>

2. <%
3. String num1=request.getParameter("n1");
4. String num2=request.getParameter("n2");
5. int a=Integer.parseInt(num1);
6. int b=Integer.parseInt(num2);
7. int c=a/b;
8. out.print("division of numbers is: "+c);
9. %>
error.jsp

2. <h3>Sorry an exception occured!</h3>
3. Exception is: <%= exception %>
Output of this example:
JSP Action Tags
There are many JSP action tags or elements. Each JSP action tag is used to perform some specific tasks.
The action tags are used to control the flow between pages and to use Java Bean. The Jsp action tags are given
below.
JSP Action Tags Description
jsp:forward forwards the request and response to another resource.
jsp:include includes another resource.
jsp:useBean creates or locates bean object.
jsp:setProperty sets the value of property in bean object.
jsp:getProperty prints the value of property of the bean.
jsp:plugin embeds another components such as applet.
jsp:param sets the parameter value. It is used in forward and include mostly.
jsp:fallback can be used to print the message if plugin is working. It is used in jsp:plugin.
The jsp:useBean, jsp:setProperty and jsp:getProperty tags are used for bean development. So we
will see these tags in bean developement.
jsp:forward action tag

The jsp:forward action tag is used to forward the request to another resource it may be jsp, html
or another resource.
Syntax of jsp:forward action tag without parameter
1. <jsp:forward page="relativeURL | <%= expression %>" />
Syntax of jsp:forward action tag with parameter
1. <jsp:forward page="relativeURL | <%= expression %>">

2. <jsp:param name="parametername" value="parametervalue | <%=expression%>" />
3. </jsp:forward>
Example of jsp:forward action tag without parameter
In this example, we are simply forwarding the request to the printdate.jsp file.
index.jsp
1. <html>
2. <body>
3. <h2>this is index page</h2>
4.
5. <jsp:forward page="printdate.jsp" />
6. </body>
7. </html>
printdate.jsp
1. <html>
2. <body>
4. </body>
5. </html>
download this example
Example of jsp:forward action tag with parameter
In this example, we are forwarding the request to the printdate.jsp file with parameter and printdate.jsp file
prints the parameter value with date and time.
index.jsp
1. <html>
2. <body>
4.
5. <jsp:forward page="printdate.jsp" >
6. <jsp:param name="name" value="javatpoint.com" />
7. </jsp:forward>
8.
9. </body>
10. </html>
printdate.jsp
1. <html>
2. <body>
3.
5. <%= request.getParameter("name") %>
6.
7. </body>
8. </html>
jsp:include action tag

The jsp:include action tag is used to include the content of another resource it may be jsp, html or servlet.
The jsp include action tag includes the resource at request time so it is better for dynamic pages because
there might be changes in future.
The jsp:include tag can be used to include static as well as dynamic pages.
Advantage of jsp:include action tag

Code reusability : We can use a page many times such as including header and footer pages in all pages. So it
saves a lot of time.00:0
92Exception Handling in Java - Javatpoint
Difference between jsp include directive and include action
JSP include directive JSP include action
includes resource at translation time. includes resource at request time.
better for static pages. better for dynamic pages.
includes the original content in the generated servlet. calls the include method.
Syntax of jsp:include action tag without parameter
1. <jsp:include page="relativeURL | <%= expression %>" />

Syntax of jsp:include action tag with parameter
1. <jsp:include page="relativeURL | <%= expression %>">

2. <jsp:param name="parametername" value="parametervalue | <%=expression%>" />
3. </jsp:include>
Example of jsp:include action tag without parameter
In this example, index.jsp file includes the content of the printdate.jsp file.
File: index.jsp
2.
3. <jsp:include page="printdate.jsp" />
4.
5. <h2>end section of index page</h2>
File: printdate.jsp
JavaBean
A JavaBean is a Java class that should follow the following conventions:
o It should have a no-arg constructor.

o It should be Serializable.
o It should provide methods to set and get the values of the properties, known as getter and setter
methods.
Why use JavaBean?

According to Java white paper, it is a reusable software component. A bean encapsulates many objects into one
object so that we can access this object from multiple places. Moreover, it provides easy maintenance.
Simple example of JavaBean class

1. //Employee.java
2.
3. package mypack;
4. public class Employee implements java.io.Serializable{
5. private int id;
6. private String name;
7. public Employee(){}
8. public void setId(int id){this.id=id;}
9. public int getId(){return id;}
10. public void setName(String name){this.name=name;}
11. public String getName(){return name;}
12. }
How to access the JavaBean class?
To access the JavaBean class, we should use getter and setter methods.
1. package mypack;
2. public class Test{
3. public static void main(String args[]){
4. Employee e=new Employee();//object is created
5. e.setName("Arjun");//setting value to the object
6. System.out.println(e.getName());
7. }}
Note: There are two ways to provide values to the object. One way is by constructor and second is by setter method.
JavaBean Properties
A JavaBean property is a named feature that can be accessed by the user of the object. The feature can be of
any Java data type, containing the classes that you define.
A JavaBean property may be read, write, read-only, or write-only. JavaBean features are accessed through two
methods in the JavaBean's implementation class:
1. getPropertyName ()
For example, if the property name is firstName, the method name would be getFirstName() to read that
property. This method is called the accessor.
2. setPropertyName ()
For example, if the property name is firstName, the method name would be setFirstName() to write that
property. This method is called the mutator.
Advantages of JavaBean
The following are the advantages of JavaBean:/p>
o The JavaBean properties and methods can be exposed to another application.

o It provides an easiness to reuse the software components.
Disadvantages of JavaBean
The following are the disadvantages of JavaBean:
o JavaBeans are mutable. So, it can't take advantages of immutable objects.

o Creating the setter and getter method for each property separately may lead to the boilerplate code.
jsp:setProperty and jsp:getProperty action tags

The setProperty and getProperty action tags are used for developing web application with Java Bean. In web
devlopment, bean class is mostly used because it is a reusable software component that represents data.
The jsp:setProperty action tag sets a property value or values in a bean using the setter method.
Syntax of jsp:setProperty action tag

1. <jsp:setProperty name="instanceOfBean" property= "*" |
2. property="propertyName" param="parameterName" |
3. property="propertyName" value="{ string | <%= expression %>}"
4. />
Example of jsp:setProperty action tag if you have to set all the values of incoming request in the bean
1. <jsp:setProperty name="bean" property="*" />
Example of jsp:setProperty action tag if you have to set value of the incoming specific property
1. <jsp:setProperty name="bean" property="username" />
Example of jsp:setProperty action tag if you have to set a specific value in the property
1. <jsp:setProperty name="bean" property="username" value="Kumar" />
jsp:getProperty action tag

The jsp:getProperty action tag returns the value of the property.
Syntax of jsp:getProperty action tag
1. <jsp:getProperty name="instanceOfBean" property="propertyName" />

Simple example of jsp:getProperty action tag
1. <jsp:getProperty name="obj" property="name" />
MVC in JSP
1. MVC in JSP
2. Example of following MVC in JSP
MVC stands for Model View and Controller. It is a design pattern that separates the business logic,
presentation logic and data.
Controller acts as an interface between View and Model. Controller intercepts all the incoming requests.
Model represents the state of the application i.e. data. It can also have business logic.
View represents the presentaion i.e. UI(User Interface).
Advantage of MVC (Model 2) Architecture
1. Navigation Control is centralized

2. Easy to maintain the large application
MVC Example in JSP
In this example, we are using servlet as a controller, jsp as a view component, Java Bean class as a model.
In this example, we have created 5 pages:
o index.jsp a page that gets input from the user.

o ControllerServlet.java a servlet that acts as a controller.
o login-success.jsp and login-error.jsp files acts as view components.
o web.xml file for mapping the servlet.
File: index.jsp
1. <form action="ControllerServlet" method="post">
2. Name:<input type="text" name="name"><br>
3. Password:<input type="password" name="password"><br>
4. <input type="submit" value="login">
5. </form>
File: ControllerServlet
1. package com.javatpoint;
2. import java.io.IOException;
3. import java.io.PrintWriter;
4. import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher;
5. import javax.servlet.ServletException;
6. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
7. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
8. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
9. public class ControllerServlet extends HttpServlet {
10. protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
11. throws ServletException, IOException {
12. response.setContentType("text/html");
13. PrintWriter out=response.getWriter();
14.
15. String name=request.getParameter("name");
16. String password=request.getParameter("password");
17.
18. LoginBean bean=new LoginBean();
19. bean.setName(name);
20. bean.setPassword(password);
21. request.setAttribute("bean",bean);
22.
23. boolean status=bean.validate();
24.
25. if(status){
26. RequestDispatcher rd=request.getRequestDispatcher("login-success.jsp");
27. rd.forward(request, response);
28. }
29. else{
30. RequestDispatcher rd=request.getRequestDispatcher("login-error.jsp");
31. rd.forward(request, response);
32. }
33.
34. }
35.
36. @Override
37. protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
38. throws ServletException, IOException {
39. doPost(req, resp);
40. }
41. }
File: LoginBean.java
1. package com.javatpoint;
2. public class LoginBean {
3. private String name,password;
4.
5. public String getName() {
6. return name;
7. }
8. public void setName(String name) {
9. this.name = name;
10. }
11. public String getPassword() {
12. return password;
13. }
14. public void setPassword(String password) {
15. this.password = password;
16. }
17. public boolean validate(){
18. if(password.equals("admin")){
19. return true;
20. }
21. else{
22. return false;
23. }
24. }
25. }
File: login-success.jsp
1. <%@page import="com.javatpoint.LoginBean"%>
2.
3. <p>You are successfully logged in!</p>
4. <%
5. LoginBean bean=(LoginBean)request.getAttribute("bean");
6. out.print("Welcome, "+bean.getName());
7. %>
File: login-error.jsp
1. <p>Sorry! username or password error</p>
2. <%@ include file="index.jsp" %>
File: web.xml
1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2. <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
3. xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
4. xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
5. id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
6.
7. <servlet>
8. <servlet-name>s1</servlet-name>
9. <servlet-class>com.javatpoint.ControllerServlet</servlet-class>
10. </servlet>
12. <servlet-name>s1</servlet-name>
13. <url-pattern>/ControllerServlet</url-pattern>
15. </web-app>
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JSP

Advantages of JSP over Servlet

3) Fast Development: No need to recompile and redeploy

4) Less code than Servlet

The Lifecycle of a JSP Page

The JSP pages follow these phases:

o Translation of JSP Page

Creating a simple JSP Page

The JSP API

The classes are as follows:

The JspPage interface

Methods of JspPage interface

The HttpJspPage interface

Method of HttpJspPage interface:

JSP Scripting elements

JSP scriptlet tag

1. <% java source code %>

Example of JSP scriptlet tag

Example of JSP scriptlet tag that prints the user name

JSP Declaration Tag

So it doesn't get memory at each request.

Syntax of JSP declaration tag

The syntax of the declaration tag is as follows:

1. <%! field or method declaration %>

Jsp Scriptlet Tag Jsp Declaration Tag

Example of JSP declaration tag that declares field

Example of JSP declaration tag that declares method

Syntax of JSP expression tag

1. <%= statement %>

Example of JSP expression tag

Example of JSP expression tag that prints current time

Example of JSP expression tag that prints the user name

JSP Implicit Objects

A list of the 9 implicit objects is given below:

But in JSP, you don't need to write this code.

Example of out implicit object

In this example we are simply displaying date and time.

Example of JSP request implicit object

Example of response implicit object

Generally, it is used to get initialization parameter from the web.xml file.

Example of config implicit object:

This initialization parameter can be used by all jsp pages.

Example of application implicit object:

Example of session implicit object

In JSP, page scope is the default scope.

Example of pageContext implicit object

Example of exception implicit object:

1. <%@ page isErrorPage="true" %>

There are three types of directives:

Syntax of JSP Directive

1. <%@ directive attribute="value" %>

Syntax of JSP page directive

1. <%@ page attribute="value" %>

Attributes of JSP page directive

Example of import attribute

Example of contentType attribute

Example of info attribute

1. public String getServletInfo() {

Example of buffer attribute

<%@ page isThreadSafe="false" %>