Eyes Assessment

muscles, causing an increase in the curvature
of the lens.
EYES ASSESSMENT Health Assessment
COLLECTING SUBJECTIVE DATA:
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION THE NURSING HEALTH HISTORY
1. The eye transmits visual stimuli to the brain
for Interpretation and, in doing so, functions
as the organ of vision.
2. The eyeball is located in the eye orbit, The
bony orbit and fat cushion protect the
eyeball.
3. The eyelids is to is to protect the eye
from foreign bodies and limit the amount of
light entering the eye.
4. Eyelashes are projections of stiff hair
curving outward along the margins of the
eyelids that filter dust and dirt from air
entering the eye.
The conjunctiva is a thin, transparent,

continuous membrane that is divided into two
portions: a palpebral and a bulbar portion. The
palpebral conjunctiva lines the inside of the
eyelids, and the bulbar conjunctiva covers most
of the anterior eye, This transparent membrane
allows for inspection of underlying tissue and
protects the eye from foreign bodies.
The lacrimal gland, located in the upper outer

corner of the orbital cavity just above the eye,
Beginning when the nurse first meets the client,
produces tears. assessment of vision provides important
information about the client’s ability to interact with
The cornea permits the entrance of light, which the environment. Changes in vision are often
passes through the lens to the retina. It is well gradual and go unrecognized by clients until a
supplied with nerve endings, making it severe problem develops.
responsive to pain and touch.
COLLECTIVE SUBJECTIVE DATA
The iris is a circular disc of muscle containing
pigments that determine eye color
VISION
A visual field refers to what a person sees with
one eye. The visual field of each eye.
Visual perception occurs as light rays strike

the retina, where they are transformed into
nerve impulses, conducted to the brain through
the optic nerve, and interpreted.
Visual reflex - The pupillary light reflex causes

pupils immediately to constrict when exposed
to bright light.
Accommodation is a functional reflex allowing

the eyes to focus on near objects. This is
accomplished through movement of the ciliary
viewing television, large-numbered phones,
large- print checks, large print books)?
 Describe your typical diet. What have you
PERSONA L HEALTH HISTORY QUESTIONS eaten in the last 24 hours? Do you take any
vitamins or supplements?
COLLECTING OBJECTIVE DATA:

PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
 Preparing the client for examination

Equipment
o Snellen or E chart (Assessment
Guide 16-1)
o Hand-held Snellen card or near-
vision screener
o Penlight
o Opaque cards
o Ophthalmoscope
Physical Assessment
 Before performing eye examination, review
and recognize structures and functions of
the eyes.
Do you have a The amount of time the

prescription for client wears the
corrective lenses corrective lenses
(glasses or contacts)? provides information on
Do you wear them the severity of the
regularly? If you wear visual problem.
contacts, how long do
you wear them? How
do you clean them?
Have you ever been Tonometry is used to
tested for glaucoma? measure pressure
What were the results? within the eye. Normal
eye pressures range
from 10 to 21
millimeters of mercury
(mm Hg).
FAMILY HISTORY, LIFESTYLE &

PRACTICES
 Is there a history of eye problems or vision

loss in your family?
 Are you exposed to conditions or
substances in the workplace or home that
may harm your eyes or vision (e.g.,
chemicals, fumes, smoke, dust, or flying
sparks)?
 Do you wear sunglasses during exposure to
the sun?
 Has your vision loss affected your ability to
care for yourself? To Work?
 What visual aids do you use to assist you
with your visual loss (magnifying glasses,
audiotapes, CDs, special glasses for
VALIDATING AND DOCUMENTING
FINDINGS
Validate the eye assessment data that you

have collected. This is necessary to verify that
the data are reliable and accurate.
Document the assessment data following the

health care facility or agency policy.

Eyes Assessment

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muscles, causing an increase in the curvature

The conjunctiva is a thin, transparent,

The lacrimal gland, located in the upper outer

Visual perception occurs as light rays strike

Visual reflex - The pupillary light reflex causes

Accommodation is a functional reflex allowing

COLLECTING OBJECTIVE DATA:

 Preparing the client for examination

Do you have a The amount of time the

FAMILY HISTORY, LIFESTYLE &

 Is there a history of eye problems or vision

Validate the eye assessment data that you

Document the assessment data following the

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