SVM 1047 PW345C
SVM 1047 PW345C
SVM 1047 PW345C
SVM 1047-A
September 2004
PW 345 C
For machines with Code Number F1044-F1076-54015
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Declaration of conformity
73/23/CEE, 89/336/CEE
and has been designed in conformance with the following norms:
LINCOLN ELECTRIC FRANCE, Avenue Franklin Roosevelt, 76121 Le Grand-Quevilly cedex, France
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This equipment must be used by qualified personnel. Be sure that all installation, operation, maintenance and
repair procedures are performed only by qualified individuals. Read and understand this manual before operating
this equipment. Failure to follow the instructions in this manual could cause serious personal injury, loss of life, or
damage to this equipment. Read and understand the following explanations of the warning symbols. Lincoln
Electric is not responsible for damages caused by improper installation, improper care or abnormal operation.
WARNING: This symbol indicates that instructions must be followed to avoid serious personal
injury, loss of life, or damage to this equipment. Protect yourself and others from possible serious
injury or death.
READ AND UNDERSTAND INSTRUCTIONS: Read and understand this manual before operating
this equipment. Arc welding can be hazardous. Failure to follow the instructions in this manual
could cause serious personal injury, loss of life, or damage to this equipment.
ELECTRIC SHOCK CAN KILL: Welding equipment generates high voltages. Do not touch the
electrode, work clamp, or connected work pieces when this equipment is on. Insulate yourself from
the electrode, work clamp, and connected work pieces.
FUMES AND GASES CAN BE DANGEROUS: Welding may produce fumes and gases hazardous
to health. Avoid breathing these fumes and gases. To avoid these dangers the operator must use
enough ventilation or exhaust to keep fumes and gases away from the breathing zone.
ARC RAYS CAN BURN: Use a shield with the proper filter and cover plates to protect your eyes
from sparks and the rays of the arc when welding or observing. Use suitable clothing made from
durable flame-resistant material to protect you skin and that of your helpers. Protect other nearby
personnel with suitable, non-flammable screening and warn them not to watch the arc nor expose
themselves to the arc.
WELDING SPARKS CAN CAUSE FIRE OR EXPLOSION: Remove fire hazards from the welding
area and have a fire extinguisher readily available. Welding sparks and hot materials from the
welding process can easily go through small cracks and openings to adjacent areas. Do not weld on
any tanks, drums, containers, or material until the proper steps have been taken to insure that no
flammable or toxic vapors will be present. Never operate this equipment when flammable gases,
vapors or liquid combustibles are present.
ELECTRICALLY POWERED EQUIPMENT: Turn off input power using the disconnect switch at
the fuse box before working on this equipment. Ground this equipment in accordance with local
electrical regulations.
ELECTRICALLY POWERED EQUIPMENT: Regularly inspect the input, electrode, and work
clamp cables. If any insulation damage exists replace the cable immediately. Do not place the
electrode holder directly on the welding table or any other surface in contact with the work clamp to
avoid the risk of accidental arc ignition.
ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC FIELDS MAY BE DANGEROUS: Electric current flowing through
any conductor creates electric and magnetic fields (EMF). EMF fields may interfere with some
pacemakers, and welders having a pacemaker should consult their physician before operating this
equipment.
CYLINDER MAY EXPLODE IF DAMAGED: Use only compressed gas cylinders containing the
correct shielding gas for the process used and properly operating regulators designed for the gas and
pressure used. Always keep cylinders in an upright position securely chained to a fixed support. Do
not move or transport gas cylinders with the protection cap removed. Do not allow the electrode,
electrode holder, work clamp or any other electrically live part to touch a gas cylinder. Gas cylinders
must be located away from areas where they may be subjected to physical damage or the welding
process including sparks and heat sources.
WELDED MATERIALS CAN BURN: Welding generates a large amount of heat. Hot surfaces and
materials in work area can cause serious burns. Use gloves and pliers when touching or moving
materials in the work area.
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Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)
This machine has been designed in accordance with all relative directives and norms. However, it may still
generate electromagnetic disturbances that can affect other systems like telecommunications (telephone, radio,
and television) or other safety systems. These disturbances can cause safety problems in the affected systems.
Read and understand this section to eliminate or reduce the amount of electromagnetic disturbance generated by
this machine.
WARNING: This machine has been designed to operate in an industrial area. To operate in a
domestic area it is necessary to observe particular precautions to eliminate possible
electromagnetic disturbances. The operator must install and operate this equipment as described
in this manual. If any electromagnetic disturbances are detected the operator must put in place
corrective actions to eliminate these disturbances with, if necessary, assistance from Lincoln
Electric France. Do not modify this machine without the written approval of Lincoln Electric.
Before installing the machine, the operator must check the work area for any devices that may malfunction
because of electromagnetic disturbances. Consider the following.
• Input and output cables, control cables, and telephone cables that are in or adjacent to the work area and the
machine.
• Radio and/or television transmitters and receivers.
• Computers or computer controlled equipment.
• Safety and control equipment for industrial processes.
• Personal medical devices like pacemakers and hearing aids.
• Equipment for calibration and measurement.
• Check the electromagnetic immunity for equipment operating in or near the work area. The operator must
be sure that all equipment in the area is compatible. This may require additional protection measures.
• The dimensions of the work area to consider will depend on the construction of the area and other activities
that are taking place.
Consider the following guidelines to reduce electromagnetic emissions from the machine.
• Connect the machine to the input supply according to this manual. If disturbances occur if may be
necessary to take additional precautions such as filtering the input supply.
• The output cables should be kept as short as possible and should be positioned together.
• If possible connect the work piece to ground in order to reduce the electromagnetic emissions. The operator
must check that connecting the work piece to ground does not cause problems or unsafe operating
conditions for personnel and equipment.
Shielding of cables in the work area can reduce electromagnetic emissions. This may be necessary for special
applications.
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MASTER TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR ALL SECTIONS
Installation
! Technical specification
! Safety precautions
! Location and Ventilation
! Electrical Input Connection
! Reconnect procedure
! Output Connections
Operation
! Safety precautions
! General Description
! Controls and setting
! Welding Operation
! Overload Protection
! Auxiliary Power
Accessories
! Options / Accessories
! Connection of Lincoln Electric Automatic or Semiautomatic Wire Feeders
Maintenance
! Safety Precautions
! Routine and Periodic Maintenance
! Major Component Locations
Theory of Operation
! General Description
! Input Line Voltage & Main Transformer
! Input Rectifier, Chopper Assembly and Feedback
! Diode Control Rectifier and Power Board
! Weld Control Board
! Wire Drive Motor and Feedback
! Thermal Protection
! Over Current Protection,
! Wire Feeder
! Overload Protection
! Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) Operation
! Pulse Width Modulation
! Chopper Technology Fundamentals
Troubleshooting and Repair
! How to use Troubleshooting Guide
! PC Board Troubleshooting Procedures
! Troubleshooting Guide
! Test Procedures
! Oscilloscope Waveform
! Replacement procedures
! Retest After Repair
Parts Manual
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INSTALLATION
INPUT
Input Voltage
Frequency
230 / 400 V
50 Hertz (Hz)
3 phase
RATED OUTPUT
Duty Cycle (acc. EN60974-1) Output Current
(Based on a 10 min. period)
35% 350 A
60% 300 A
100% 230 A
OUTPUT RANGE
Welding Current Range Auxiliary Power
5 – 350 Amps 230V AC (water cooler)
WIRE SPEED RANGE (m/min)
2 m/min to 20 m/min
WIRE SIZES (mm)
SOLID WIRES CORED WIRES ALU WIRES
0.6 to 1.6 1.0 to 1.6 1.0 to 1.6
DIMENSIONS
Weight ( Kg)
Heigth (mm) Width (mm) Length ( mm)
135 (air)
880 680 1100
162 (water)
Operating Temperature Storage Temperature
–20°C to +40°C -25°C to 55°C
For any maintenance or repair operations it is recommended to contact the nearest Lincoln technical service
center. Maintenance or repairs preformed by unauthorized service centers or personnel will null and void the
manufacturers warranty.
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INSTALLATION
Safety Precaution
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OPERATION
Read this entire section before installation or operation of the machine.
• Only operate with the right door of the
machine closed.
Product Description • Only use 15kg-coils, type 300 with this
machine.
The PW345C is a complete semiautomatic multi-
process DC arc welding machine offering CV and
CC DC welding. It is rated for 350Amps at 35%
and 300 amps at 60% duty cycle. The standard Input Supply Connection
machine is equipped to weld CC-Stick, CC- Check the input voltage, phase, and frequency supplied
GTAW, CV-FCAW, synergic and non-synergic to this machine before turning it on. The allowable input
CV-GMAW / synergic GMAW-P processes. The voltage is indicated in the technical specification section
digital microcomputer based control system allows of this manual and on the rating plate of the machine.
Verify the connection of grounding wires from the
easy and accurate adjustment of weld parameters machine to the input source.
through the multi-process panel located on the The frame of this machine must be grounded. A
front of the machine. The PW345C, is equipped ground terminal located on the base of the
according to the choosen version with a 3-pin generator is provided for this purpose.
connector to allow operation of a push-pull gun for This machine is factory 3ph-400V connected. To
feeding aluminum wires. connect it in 3ph-230V, remove the left case panel
It is available with : of the machine to have access to the input
- 230 VAC/ 3.5 amp auxiliary power for water reconnect
cooler. panel. Modify the connections according to the
For a quick and easy handling within the welding connection diagram located on the inside of the
area, it is factory mounted on a built-in case side.
undercarriage equipped with a platform for a gas
cylinder.
Gas Connection
Location and Environment Once a gas cylinder has been securely installed
This machine will operate in harsh environments. on the machine, connect the gas hose of the input
However, it is important that simple preventative cable to the gas cylinder using a flow regulator.
measures are followed to assure long life and
reliable operation.
• Do not place or operate this machine on a Controls on the case front
surface with an incline greater than 7° from
horizontal.
• This machine must be located where there is
free circulation of clean air without restrictions
for air movement to and from the air vents. A
Do not cover the machine with paper, cloth or
rags when switched on. B
• Dirt and dust that can be drawn into the
machine should be kept to a minimum.
C
• This machine has a protection rating of IP23.
It can be used in moderate raining conditions
without causing any danger for users' safety. D
• Locate the machine away from radio
controlled machinery. Normal operation may
E
adversely affect the operation of nearby radio
controlled machinery, which may result in
injury or equipment damage. Read the F
section on electromagnetic compatibility in
this manual. G
• Do not operate in areas with an ambient
temperature greater than 40°C.
• The machine cannot be used for pipe thawing. H
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Size 45m from 45 to
60m
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case, or if the wire slips, increase the 1) Closing the gun trigger initiates the
pressure setting using the with the adjustment welding sequence (preflow, run in, etc.).
nut until the wire feed speed becomes regular. 2) Opening the trigger will changes the wire
• Mount again the contact tip and the gas feed speed and the Volts/Trim to the
nozzle. Be sure the that both the wire feed Crater values, and the downslope will
speed and the size of contact tip are correct. continue during the Crater time.
• Connect the work clamp to the work piece or
to the welding table making sure that the 4 Step Logic :
clamp is provided with a good quality contact With Hot/Soft Start & Crater Fill “OFF”
(the surface of work piece must be clean and 1) Closing the gun trigger initiates the
must not show any rust, paint or oily stains). welding sequence (preflow, run in, etc)
2) Opening the trigger allows the wire to
continue feeding before or after the
Internal switches (M) welding arc is established. If the arc goes
The PW345C has 3 switches located near the out the wire continues feeding.
drive roll assembly. 3) Closing the trigger again cancels the
interlock and the wire to continues
feeding.
4) Opening the trigger again ends the
welding sequence (burnback, postflow,
etc.).
M
With Hot/Soft Start “ON”:
1) Closing the gun trigger initiates the
M1 M2 M3 welding sequence (preflow, run in) and
changes the wire feed speed and the
Volts/Trim to the Hot/Soft Start values.
2) Opening the trigger continue in the
welding sequence and changes the wire
feed speed and the Volts/Trim to Welding
values.
The wire continues feeding while the welding
arc is established. If the arc goes out the wire
continues feeding.
3) Closing the trigger again cancels the
interlock and the wire to continues
feeding.
4) Opening the trigger again ends the
welding sequence (burnback, postflow,
etc.).
M1. 2/4 strokes switch
With Crater Fill “ON”:
2 Step Logic : 1) Closing the gun trigger initiates the
welding sequence (preflow, run in, etc.).
With Hot/Soft Start & Crater Fill “OFF” 2) Opening the trigger allows the wire to
1) Closing the gun trigger initiates the continue feeding before or after the
welding sequence (preflow), run in, etc.) welding arc is established. If the arc goes
2) Opening the gun trigger ends the welding out the wire continues feeding.
sequence (burnback, postflow, etc. 3) Closing the trigger again cancels the
interlock changes the wire feed speed and
With Hot/Soft Start “ON”: the Volts/Trim to the Crater values, and
1) Closing the gun trigger initiates the the wire continues feeding.
welding sequence (preflow, run in) and 4) Opening the trigger again ends the
changes the wire feed speed and the welding sequence (burnback, postflow,
Volts/Trim to the Hot/Soft Start values. etc.).
After the Hot/Soft Start time, the welding
sequence continues and changes the wire M2.Water/air cooled torch selection switch (as
feed speed and the Volts/Trim to Welding standard on water cooled models). Set this switch
values. according to the torch model (air cooled or water
2) Opening the gun trigger ends the welding cooled) being used.
sequence (burnback, postflow, etc.
M3. Cold inch control and gas purge
With Crater Fill “ON”: control.
13
This is an up/down center-off momentary adjustments will be made to the preset arc
toggle switch. lengths, and is optimum for most conditions. An
When held in the down position, the Wire LED lights to inform the user which function (volts
Drive will feed wire, but neither the power or trim) is active.
source nor the gas solenoid will be energized. Both displays indicate preset values, according to the
When cold feeding, the feed speed can be weld mode selected, when not welding. Once welding
adjusted by rotating the WFS encoder knob begins, they switch to displaying actual values. At that
on the Control Box. Adjusting the cold feed time, the indicator LEDs will flash to signify actual
values are being displayed. The displays hold the actual
will not affect the run in or welding wire feed values for 5 seconds after a weld is stopped. Turning a
speed. When the cold feed switch is released, knob during the hold time shuts off the hold, and returns
the cold feed value is saved. the meters to their preset values.
Control Panels
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Positioning the SET switch up or down will
increase or decrease to the next WELD MODE
number and display it. The machine will change to Start
the selected weld mode after two seconds of SET • The Start function offers the ability to set a wire
switch inactivity. If the SELECT switch is changed feed speed and voltage at the beginning of a weld
before two seconds of SET switch inactivity, the for a specified time period of the weld prior to
machine will not change modes. The last active initiation of the preset values for WFS and Volts.
Weld Mode will be saved at power down so that it At arc strike, the start timer will begin and the
will be selected upon the next power up of the WFS and Volts settings will ramp up/down from
machine. the start values to the Weld Mode WFS and
Voltage settings over the time selected. This
creates a ramping of the WFS and Volts during
Preflow / Postflow
the Start time.
• The Preflow setting allows a time to be selected • The Start function will be selected by toggling
for shielding gas to flow after the trigger is pulled the SELECT switch until the LED next to START
and prior to wire feeding and arc strike. is lit and flashing. A start time may be adjusted
• The Postflow setting allows a time to be selected using the SET switch.
for shielding gas to continue to flow after the • The default value is "OFF" (0 seconds).
trigger is released and output current is turned off. • Start time is adjustable from 0 to 0.50 seconds in
• The Preflow timer will be selected by toggling the .01 second increments.
SELECT switch until the LED next to PREFLOW / • In the GMAW, FCAW, and Power weld modes,
POSTFLOW is lit. The Display Meters will read start wfs and voltage are adjustable using the
PrE FLo. The present Preflow time will be control knobs on the upper case front. This is
displayed and can be changed by positioning the indicated by the flashing LEDs next to "WFS" and
SET switch up or down. "VOLTS."
• The Postflow timer will be selected by toggling • In the GMAW-P weld modes, a start wire feed
the SELECT switch and additional time. The LED speed and trim are adjustable. This is indicated by
next to PREFLOW / POSTFLOW will remain lit; the flashing LEDs next to "WFS" and "TRIM."
but the Display Meters will now read PoS FLo.
The present Postflow time will be displayed and
can be changed by positioning the SET switch up Arc Control
or down. • In the CV modes, the Arc Control regulates
• The default value for both Preflow and Postflow pinch effect. At the minimum setting, pinch is
is "OFF" (0 seconds). minimized which results in a soft arc. Low pinch
• Preflow can be adjusted from 0 to 2.5 seconds in settings are preferable for welding with gas mixes
0.1 second increments. containing mostly inert gases. At the maximum
• Postflow can be adjusted from 0 to 10.0 seconds setting, pinch is maximized which results in a crisp
in 0.1 second increments. arc. High pinch settings are preferable for welding
FCAW and GMAW with CO2. Most self-shielded
wires work well at an Arc Control setting of 5.
Run-In
• In the Pulse Mode, the Arc control regulates the
• The Run-In function offers the ability to set a frequency of the pulse.
wire feed speed, from trigger until an arc is • In the Pulse & Pulse Mode, the Arc Control
established, that is independent of the Welding or regulates the frequency of oscillations between
Start wire feed speed. high and low level of amperage.
• Run-In will be selected by toggling the SELECT • In the CC-Stick modes, the Arc Control regulates
switch until the LED next to RUN-IN is lit. A Run- the Arc Force to adjust the short circuit current.
In WFS may be adjusted using the SET switch on The minimum setting will produce a soft arc and
the Multi-Process Panel. The Display meter on the will result in minimal spatter. The maximum
Multi-Process Panel will indicate the run-in speed. setting will produce a crisp arc and will minimize
Do not use the Output Control Knob on the electrode sticking.
uppercase front to adjust the WFS. This will • The Arc-control adjustment will be selected by
change the welding WFS displayed in the meters toggling the SELECT switch until the LED next to
on the upper case front. ARC CONTROL is lit. The Arc-control value will
• The default value is "OFF." be displayed. Arc-control can be adjusted by
• Run-In speed is adjustable from 1.27m/min to positioning the SET switch up or down.
3.81m/min. • The default value is "OFF."
• The value is adjustable from –10.0 to 10.0 in 0.1
increments.
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Crater The following table summarizes the action taken
• The Crater function offers the ability to set an when the user exits the memory mode:
endpoint for WFS and Voltage that will be reached MSP3 Action taken when the user uses
over a specified time period. At the end of the display the SELECT switch to exit the
weld when the trigger is released, the crater timer MEMORY mode
will begin and the WFS and Volts settings will “S-8” Save to user memory #8
ramp down from the Weld Mode WFS and … …
Voltage settings to the Crater WFS and Voltage “S-2” Save to user memory #2
settings over the time selected. This creates a “S-1” Save to user memory #1
ramp down of the WFS and Volts during the “---“ No action (default display each
Crater time. time memory mode is entered) or
• The Crater timer will be selected by toggling the exit for machines code 54000
SELECT switch until the LED next to CRATER is and above
lit and flashing. A crater time may be adjusted “r-1” Recall from user memory #1
using the SET switch. “r-2” Recall from user memory #2
• The default value is "OFF" (0 seconds). … …
• Crater time is adjustable from 0 to 10.0 seconds “r-8” Recall from user memory #8
in .1 second increments. When a memory save or memory recall is
• In the GMAW, FCAW, and Power weld modes, performed, the MSP3 panel will briefly scroll a text
crater WFS and voltage are adjustable using the message to indicate that an action occurred.
control knobs on the upper case front. This in When a memory saved is performed, “SavEd” will
indicated by the flashing LED’s next to "WFS" and be displayed. When a memory recall is performed,
"VOLTS." “rEcALLEd” will be displayed. When the memory
• In the GMAW-P weld modes, Crater WFS and mode is exited when the four dashes are
trim are adjustable. This is indicated by the displayed, there is no additional text displayed on
flashing LEDs next to "WFS" and "TRIM." the MSP3 on machines code below 54000. For
machines code 54000 and above, the display
stays on "r-1" or "s-1" to show the memory
Burnback position.
• The Burnback feature will allow current to If the user attempts to restore from memory
continue to flow for a specified time period at the location that was not previously saved, the
end of a weld after wire feeding has stopped. memory mode will exit without scrolling the
• The Burnback timer will be selected by toggling “rEcALLEd” message as an indication that no
the SELECT switch until the LED next to action occurred.
BURNBACK is lit. A burnback time may be There will be no timeout time associated with
adjusted using the SET switch. memory saving and recalling. The user must exit
• The default value is "OFF" (0 seconds). the memory mode using the SELECT switch.
• Burnback time is adjustable from 0 to 0.25 seconds in
0.01 second increments.
Pulse & Pulse Welding Mode
Memory - Functional Specification On this machine, Lincoln has introduced the
possibility to weld with "Pulse-on-Pulse" MIG
The memory mode is entered when the MEMORY process for aluminium.
LED is illuminated and exited when the MEMORY Pulse-on-Pulse uses a modification of the Pulsed
LED is extinguished using the SELECT switch. MIG process where the output is quickly switched
Each time the MEMORY LED is selected using between a Low-Energy Pulse procedure and a
the SELECT switch, the display on the MSP3 will High-Energy Pulse procedure.
show four dashes “----“ to indicate that no action
will occur if the user exits the MEMORY mode by
using the SELECT switch.
If the SET switch is pushed up, the four dashes
will change to “S-1” to indicate that the present
weld mode and associated parameters will be
Saved to user memory #1 when the SELECT
switch is used to exit the memory mode.
Pressing the SET switch down past the four
dashes will cause the display to change to “r-1” to
indicate that the weld mode and associated
parameters currently stored in user memory #1
will be recalled when the SELECT switch is used
to exit the memory mode.
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Advantages : " Good penetration profileLess short circuit
" Wider operating range, ability to weld thinner disturbancesThe High-Energy pulse cleans the
materials base metal and improves arc stability
" Less demanding in terms of wire placement, travel " Pulse-on-Pulse provides "stacked dime" weld bead
speed and parameter adjustment appearance making the weld more uniform in
" High travel speed without lack of fill imperfections appearance
" Good bead wetting, less undercut, flatter weld bead
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ACCESSORIES
K10343 Adapter for Innershieldpistol
KP10344-0.8 0,6-0,8MM
KP10344-1.0 0,8-1,0MM
KP10344-1.2 1,0-1,2MM
KP10344-1.6 1,2-1,6MM
Cored wires
KP10344-1.6C 1.0-1.6mm
Aluminum wires
KP10344-1.2A 1,0-1,2MM
KP10344-1.6A 1,2-1,6MM
Drive rolls and guide tubes 2 driven rolls
Solid wires
KP10344-0.8 0,6-0,8MM
KP10344-1.0 0,8-1,0MM
KP10344-1.2 1,0-1,2MM
KP10344-1.6 1,2-1,6MM
Cored wires
KP10344-1.6C 1.0-1.6mm
Aluminum wires
KP10344-1.2A 1,0-1,2MM
KP10344-1.6A 1,2-1,6MM
K10363-1 2-pinion kit for KP10344, configuration 4-roll drive
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MAINTENANCE
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
1. Disconnect power supply lines to the machine before performing periodic maintenance.
2. In extremely dusty locations, dirt may clog the air channels, causing the welder to run hot.
Periodically blow out dust and dirt from the inside of the machine with a low pressure air system. Be
sure to clean the following components thoroughly. See Figure D.1 for their location.
• Main transformer
• Output studs
• Polarity switch
• Rectifier assembly
• Control box assembly
3. Dirt and dust may also accumulate on the remote control terminal strips. Wipe or blow off the
terminal strips regularly, especially in damp locations.
4. Inspect the welder output terminals and control cables for fraying, cuts, and bare spots.
5. The fan motor has sealed ball bearings and requires no maintenance.
19
MAINTENANCE
BASE EXPLODED VIEW
For Machines CODE 5025 and above
20
MAINTENANCE
21
MAINTENANCE
22
MAINTENANCE
23
THEORY of OPERATION
General Description
The PW345C is a complete semiautomatic, multi-process DC arc welding machine offering CV and
CC DC welding. It is rated for 345 amps, 32 volts, at 35% duty cycle for 208. The standard machine is
equipped to weld CC Stick, CC-GTAW, CV-FCAW, and synergic and non-synergic CV
GMAW/GMAW-P, Pulse-on-Pulse, and Power Mode welding processes. The digital microcomputer
based control system allows easy and accurate adjustment of weld parameters through the multi-
process panel located on the front of the machine. The PW345C is equipped with a 6-pin connector for
a foot amptrol or remotes and a 3-pin connector to allow operation of a push-pull gun for feeding
aluminum wires.
24
THEORY of OPERATION
Three-phase input power is brought into the rear of the. A reconnect panel, also located on the rear of
the machine, allows the user to configure the PW345C for either 230V or 400V input supply power.
An ON/OFF line switch is located on the front panel. When the line switch is ON, AC input voltage is
applied to the primary winding of the main transformer. The main transformer converts the high
voltage, low current input power to a low voltage, high current output. The main transformer also has
two isolated auxiliary windings. One supplies 30 VAC to a Diode Control Rectifier, which converts the
30 VAC to 40 VDC to supply the Power Board and the Spool Gun Board. The Power Board in turn
supplies 20VDC to the Chopper Board and +15 VDC, -15 VDC and+5 VDC to the Weld Control Board
circuitry. The other auxiliary winding provides 115 VAC to operate a thermostatically controlled fan
motor through a relay, which also receives signals from the Weld Control Board. The fan is designed
to come on automatically when the trigger is pulled. The fan will stay on as needed for a minimum of
six minutes after the weld arc is terminated. The fan will also stay on when the machine's welding and
feeding are disabled during thermostatic over-temperature protection. (See Thermal and Overload
Protection.)
25
THEORY of OPERATION
The 60 VAC output from the main transformer secondary is connected to an input rectifier. The
resultant 80 VDC is applied to four parallel capacitors incorporated within the Chopper Assembly.
These capacitors function as filters and also as power supplies for the insulated gate bipolar
transistors or IGBT. See IGBT Operation in this section. The IGBT acts as a high speed switch
operating at 20KHZ. This device is switched on and off by the Weld Control Board through pulse width
modulation circuitry. See Pulse Width Modulation in this section. This "chopped" DC output is
applied through an output choke coil to the negative output terminal and through a current transformer
to the positive output terminal. The choke functions as a current filter. A free-wheeling diode is
incorporated in the Chopper Assembly to provide a current path for the stored energy in the choke
when the IGBT is turned off. See Chopper Technology Fundamentals in this section. Output voltage
and current feedback information is fed to the Weld Control Board. This information is sensed from the
current transformer and voltage sense circuitry on the output terminal circuits. If current or voltage
become abnormally high, the Weld Control Board will shut off the IGBT’s, thus disabling the machine's
output.
26
THEORY of OPERATION
The Power Board receives approximately 40 VDC from the Diode Control Rectifier. In turn, the Power
Board supplies a variety of regulated DC voltages to the Weld Control Board, which it uses to power
its many circuits and communication functions. The Power Board also supplies +20 VDC to the
Chopper Assembly.
27
THEORY of OPERATION
The Weld Control Board performs the primary interfacing functions to establish and maintain output
control of the Power Wave 345C machine. The function generator and weld files reside within the
Weld Control Board hardware and software. Digital command signals and feedback information from
other machine components are received and processed at the Weld Control Board. Software within
the Weld Control Board processes the command and feedback information and sends the appropriate
pulse width modulation (PWM) signals to the Chopper Assembly IGBT. (See Pulse Width Modulation
in this section). In this manner, a digitally controlled high-speed welding waveform is created.
In addition, the Weld Control Board monitors the Chopper thermostat and the Main Transformer
secondary winding thermostat, the Main Transformer primary winding currents and input filter
capacitor voltages. In the event of a fault condition, the Weld Control Board will activate the thermal
and/or the status light and will disable or reduce the machine output.
28
THEORY of OPERATION
The wire drive motor is controlled by the feeder board and the weld control board. A motor speed
feedback signal is generated at the motor tachometer and sent to the feeder board, which compares
this feedback signal to the commands from the encoder board. It then sends the appropriate armature
voltage to the wire drive motor. This controlled wire drive speed in turn regulates the electrode wire
feed speed through the gun.
29
THEORY of OPERATION
Thermal Protection
Two normally closed (NC) thermostats protect the machine from excessive operating temperatures.
These thermostats are wired in series and are connected to the Weld Control board. One of the
thermostats is located on the Chopper Assembly board and one is on the secondary of the Main
Transformer. Excessive temperatures may be caused by a lack of cooling air or by operating the
machine beyond its duty circle or output rating. If excessive operating temperatures should occur, the
thermostats will prevent output from the machine. The yellow thermal light, located on the front of the
machine, will be illuminated. The thermostats are self-resetting once the machine cools sufficiently. If
the thermostat shutdown was caused by excessive output or duty cycle and the fan is operating
normally, the power switch may be left on and the reset should occur within a 15-minute period. If the
fan is not turning or the intake air louvers are obstructed, the power must be removed from the
machine and the fan condition or air obstruction corrected. The cooling fan runs only when necessary.
The FAN (fan as needed) system is controlled by the Weld Control Board via the solid state relay.
If the average current exceeds 345 to 350 amps, the peak current will be limited to 100 amps until the
system is re-triggered or the average current decreases to under 50 amps.
The Power Wave 345C wire drive motor has its own solid state overload protection. If the motor
becomes overloaded, the protection circuit turns off the wire feed and the gas solenoid. Overload may
result from improperly sized tip liner and drive rolls, obstructions or bends in the gun cable, and any
other factors that would impede the wire feeding. To resume welding, simply pull the gun trigger.
There is no circuit breaker to reset, as the protection is provided by reliable solid state electronics.
30
THEORY of OPERATION
An IGBT is a type of transistor. IGBTs are semiconduc- tors well suited for high frequency
switching and high current applications.
Drawing A shows an IGBT in a passive mode. There is no gate signal, zero volts relative to
the source, and therefore, no current flow.The drain terminal of the IGBT may be connected to a
voltage supply; but since there is no conduction the circuit will not supply current to components
connected to the source. The circuit is turned off like a light switch in the OFF position.
Drawing B shows the IGBT in an active mode. When the gate signal, a positive DC voltage
relative to the source, is applied to the gate terminal of the IGBT, it is capable of conducting current. A
voltage supply con- nected to the drain terminal will allow the IGBT to con- duct and supply current to
circuit components coupled to the source. Current will flow through the conducting IGBT to
downstream components as long as the posi- tive gate signal is present. This is similar to turning ON a
light switch.
31
THEORY of OPERATION
The term PULSE WIDTH MODULATION is used to describe how much time is devoted to conduction
in the positive and negative portions of the cycle. Changing the pulse width is known as
32
MODULATION. Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) is the varying of the pulse width over the allowed
range of a cycle to affect the output of the machine.
MINIMUM OUTPUT
By controlling the duration of the gate signal, the IGBT is turned on and off for different duration’s
during a cycle. The top drawing below shows the minimum output signal possible over a 50-
microsecond time period. The positive portion of the signal represents one IGBT group conducting for
1 microsecond. The negative portion is the other IGBT group. The dwell time (off time) is 48
microseconds (both IGBT groups off). Since only 2 microseconds of the 50-microsecond time period
are devoted to conducting, the output power is minimized.
MAXIMUM OUTPUT
By holding the gate signals on for 48 microseconds each and allowing only 2 microseconds of dwell
time (off time) during the 50-microsecond cycle, the output is maximized. The darkened area under the
top curve can be compared to the area under the bottom curve. The more dark area under the curve,
the more power is present.
33
THEORY of OPERATION
The new era of welding machines such as the Power MIG 300 employ a technology whereby a DC
source is turned on and off (chopped up) at high speed, then smoothed through an inductor to control
an arc. Hence the name “Chopper.” The biggest advantage of chopper technology is the high-speed
control of the arc, similar to the inverter machines. A block diagram for this is as follows:
34
In this system, the engine drives a three-phase alternator, which generates power that is rectified and
filtered to produce about 80VDC. The current is applied through a solid state switch to an inductor. By
turning the switch on and off, current in the inductor and the arc can be controlled. The following
diagram depicts the current flow in the system when the switch is open and closed:
When the switch is closed, current is applied through the inductor to the arc. When the switch opens,
current stored in the inductor sustains flow in the arc and through the diode. The repetition rate of
switch closure is 20Khz, which allows ultra-fast control of the arc. By varying the ratio of on time
versus off time of the switch (Duty Cycle), the current applied to the arc is controlled. This is the basis
for Chopper Technology: Controlling the switch in such a way as to produce superior welding.
35
TROUBLESHOOTING & REPAIR
Service and repair should be performed by only Lincoln Electric Factory Trained Personnel.
Unauthorized repairs performed on this equipment may result in danger to the technician and machine
operator and will invalidate your factory warranty. For your safety and to avoid Electrical Shock, please
observe all safety notes and precautions detailed throughout this manual.
This Troubleshooting Guide is provided to help you locate and repair possible machine malfunctions.
Simply follow the three-step procedure listed below.
Step 1. LOCATE PROBLEM (SYMPTOM). Look under the column labeled “PROBLEM”
(SYMPTOMS). This column describes possible symptoms that the machine may exhibit. Find the
listing that best describes the symptom that the machine is exhibiting. Symptoms are grouped into two
main categories: Output Problems and Welding Problems.
Step 2. PERFORM EXTERNAL TESTS. The second column, labeled “POSSIBLE AREAS OF
MISADJUSTMENT(S)”, lists the obvious external possibilities that may contribute to the machine
symptom. Perform these tests/checks in the order listed. In general, these tests can be conducted
without removing the case cover.
Step 3. PERFORM COMPONENT TESTS. The last column, labelled “Recommended Course of
Action” lists the most likely components that may have failed in your machine. It also specifies the
appropriate test procedure to verify that the subject component is either good or bad. If there are a
number of possible components, check the components in the order listed to eliminate one possibility
at a time until you locate the cause of your problem
All of the referenced test procedures referred to in the Troubleshooting Guide are described in detail at
the end of this section. Refer to the Troubleshooting and Repair Table of Contents to locate each
specific Test Procedure. All of the referred to test points, components, terminal strips, etc. can be
found on the referenced electrical wiring diagrams and schematics. Refer to the Electrical Diagrams
Section Table of Contents to locate the appropriate diagram.
If for any reason you do not understand the test procedures or are unable to perform the test/repairs
safely, contact the Lincoln Electric Service Department for electrical troubleshooting assistance before
you proceed.
36
TROUBLESHOOTING & REPAIR
Have an electrician install and service this equipment. Turn the machine OFF
before working on equipment. Do not touch electrically hot parts.
Sometimes machine failures appear to be due to PC board failures. These problems can sometimes
be traced to poor electrical connections. To avoid problems when troubleshooting and replacing PC
boards,please use the following procedure:
1. Determine to the best of your technical ability that the PC board is the most likely component
causing the failure symptom.
2. Check for loose connections at the PC board to assure that the PC board is properly connected.
3. If the problem persists, replace the suspect PC board using standard practices to avoid static
electrical damage and electrical shock. Read the warning inside the static resistant bag and perform
the following procedures:
PC Board can be damaged by static electricity.
• Remove your body’s static charge before opening the static-shielding bag.
Wear an anti-static wrist strap. For safety, use a 1 Meg ohm resistive cord
connected to a grounded part of the equipment frame.
• If you don’t have a wrist strap, touch an unpainted, grounded, part of the
equipment frame. Keep touching the frame to prevent static build-up. Be sure
not to touch any electrically live parts at the same time.
• Tools which come in contact with the PC Board must be either conductive,
anti-static or static-dissipative.
• Remove the PC Board from the static-shielding bag and place it directly into
the equipment. Don’t set the PC Board on or near paper, plastic or cloth which
could have a static charge. If the PC Board can’t be installed immediately, put
it back in the static-shielding bag.
• If the PC Board uses protective shorting jumpers, don’t remove them until
installation is complete.
• If you return a PC Board to The Lincoln Electric Company for credit, it must
be in the static-shielding bag. This will prevent further damage and allow
proper failure analysis.
4. Test the machine to determine if the failure symptom has been corrected by
the replacement PC board.
NOTE: Allow the machine to heat up so that all electrical components can reach their operating
temperature.
5. Remove the replacement PC board and substitute it with the original PC board to recreate the
original problem.
a. If the original problem does not reappear by substituting the original board, then the
PC board was not the problem. Continue to look for bad connections in the control wiring
harness, junction blocks, and terminal strips.
b. If the original problem is recreated by the substitution of the original board, then the PC
board was the problem. Reinstall the replacement PC board and test the machine.
6. Always indicate that this procedure was followed when warranty reports are to be submitted.
NOTE: Following this procedure and writing on the warranty report, “INSTALLED AND SWITCHED
PC BOARDS TO VERIFY PROBLEM,” will help avoid denial of legitimate PC board warranty claims.
37
TROUBLESHOOTING & REPAIR
TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE
Observe Safety Guidelines detailed in the beginning of this manual.
If for any reason you do not understand the test procedures or are unable to perform the test/repairs safely,
contact the Lincoln Electric Service Department for electrical troubleshooting assistance before you proceed.
38
TROUBLESHOOTING & REPAIR
TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE
Observe Safety Guidelines detailed in the beginning of this manual.
PROBLEMS POSSIBLE AREAS OF RECOMMENDED
(SYMPTOMS) MISADJUSTEMENTS COURSE OF ACTION
No welding output but wire feeds 1. Check the input voltage at the 1. Check for loose or broken
normally when gun trigger is pulled. machine. Input voltage must match connections at the output terminals,
the rating plate and the reconnect the choke and all heavy current
panel. carrying leads. See the Machine
2. The gun may be faulty. Check for Schematic.
continuity. 2. Make sure that the transformer
3. Check continuity through the work secondary leads are securely
lead. connected to the Output Rectifier
assembly.
3. Check for OCV at output studs
when trigger is pulled. If OCV is
present, the gun may be
faulty.Replace.
4. Check for 57VAC at the input of
output rectifier. If reading is not
correct Perform Main Transformer
Tests. If you measure
approximately 57 VAC, check for
80VDC at the output of the output
rectifier. If reading is not correct
Perform the output Rectifier
Assembly Tests. If 80VDC is there
Perform Chopper Board Test.
5. Check for 15VDC input to the
Control Board at leads 12J4 (412) to
10J4 (410), -15VDC at leads 11J4
(411) to 10J4 (410), 5VDC at leads
8J4 (408) to 10J4 (410). If missing a
voltage check wiring back to Digital
Power Supply PCB. If voltage is ok,
the Control Board may be faulty.
Replace.
Wire feeds but welding output is 1. Make sure that the proper wire 1. Check for loose or faulty
low causing wire to “stub”. Welds and procedures are being used. connections of the heavy current
are “cold”. Machine cannot obtain 2. Check gun and work cable for carrying leads.
full rated output of 300 amps at 32 loose or faulty connections. 2. Perform the Current Transducer
volts. Test.
3. Perform Output Waveform Test.
4. Perform the Output Rectifier
Assembly Tests
5. The Control Board may be faulty.
Replace.
The output voltage and wire feed is 1. Remove the gun. If the problem is 1. Find J85 on Feed Head Board
present continuously or pulsing resolved, the gun trigger circuit is and unplug. If the problem still exist
when gun trigger is NOT activated. faulty. Repair or replace. Feed Head Board may be faulty.
2. If problem persists when gun
assembly is removed from machine,
then the problem is within the
PW345C
If for any reason you do not understand the test procedures or are unable to perform the test/repairs safely,
contact the Lincoln Electric Service Department for electrical troubleshooting assistance before you proceed.
39
TROUBLESHOOTING & REPAIR
TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE
Observe Safety Guidelines detailed in the beginning of this manual.
PROBLEMS POSSIBLE AREAS OF RECOMMENDED
(SYMPTOMS) MISADJUSTEMENTS COURSE OF ACTION
No control of arc voltage. Wire 1. The arc voltage encoder may 1. The arc voltage encoder may
feeding is normal. be dirty. Rotate several times be faulty. Codes 10562 have
and check if problem is resolved. both Encoders on one board.
Codes above 10562 have single
Encoders.
2. If machine has code 10562 or
lower change Encoder Board. If
machine has Code above 10562
Perform Encoder Test.
3. The Feedhead board may be
faulty. Replace.
There is no gas flow when gun 1. Check gas source and hoses 1. Check for 6.5 VDC when
trigger is pulled. Wire feeds and for leaks or kinks. trigger is pulled at feedhead
weld voltage is present. 2. Check regulator on the tank Board, Plug J83-3 lead 833
for the pressure being set to and J83-4 lead 834.
high. If you read 12 VDC solenoid
may be open or a bad
connection. Check wiring. Check
the gas solenoid by
disconnecting it from the Feeder
Board (Plug J83-3 & 4) and
applying a 12 VDC external
supply to the gas solenoid. If the
solenoid does NOT activate then
it may be faulty. Replace.
2. If 6.5VDc is not present the
Feeder broad may be faulty.
Replace.
The machine stops feeding wire 1. Check for adequate wire 1. Check the motor armature
while welding. supply. current. Normal armature current
2. Check for mechanical is 2.0 to 2.7 amps maximum. If
restrictions in the wire feeding the motor armature current is
path. The gun may be clogged. normal the Feeder Board may
3. Check gun liner and tip are be faulty. Replace.
correct for wire size being used. 2. If the motor armature current
4. Check spindle for ease of is high (over 2.7 amps) and
rotation. there are NO restrictions in the
5. Check to see if the spot timer wire feeding path then the motor
has been activated. or gear box may be defective.
Replace.
If for any reason you do not understand the test procedures or are unable to perform the test/repairs safely,
contact the Lincoln Electric Service Department for electrical troubleshooting assistance before you proceed.
40
TROUBLESHOOTING & REPAIR
TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE
Observe Safety Guidelines detailed in the beginning of this manual.
No control of wire feed speed. Other 1. The wire feed speed encoder 1. Perform the Wire Drive Motor
machine functions are normal. control may be dirty. Rotate several and Tachometer Feedback Test.
times and check if problem is 2. The Wire Speed Encoder may be
resolved. faulty. If code is 10562 or below
change Encoder PCB. If code is
above 10562 Perform Encoder
Test
3. The Feeder Head Board may be
faulty. Replace.
There is no wire feed when gun 1. Check for wire jam at drive rolls. 1. Perform the Wire Drive Motor and
trigger is pulled. Normal open circuit 2. If the drive rolls are turning then Tachometer Feedback Test. 2.The
voltage is present. check for a mechanical restriction in Wire Speed Control Encoder may
the wire feed path. be faulty. If code is 10562 and below
3. The gun liner may be clogged. change Encoder PCB. If code is
Check or replace. above 10562 Perform Encoder Test
3. The Feeder Head Board may be
faulty. Replace.
The arc is unstable and or “hunting.” 1. Check for worn or melted contact 1. Check for loose connections at
tip. the output terminals, the chokes,
2. Check for loose or faulty and all heavy current carrying leads.
connections on the work and See the Machine Diagram.
electrode cables. 2. Make sure that the transformer
3. Make sure electrode polarity or secondary leads are securely
welding process being used is connected to the Output Rectifier
correct. assembly.
4. Check for rusty or dirty wire. 3. Perform the OCV and Output
5. Make sure machine settings are Voltage Wave Test. If waveforms
correct for process being used. are not correct Perform the Output
(shielding gas, wire type, wire size). Rectifier Assembly Tests.
4. Reload latest software. Contact a
Lincoln Electric sales representative
for latest software.
5. The Control board may be faulty.
Replace.
The contact tip seizes in the gas 1. The tip being over heated due to
diffuser. excessive current and/or high duty
cycle welding.
2. A light application of high
temperature anti-seize lubricant
(such as Lincoln E2607 Graphite
Grease) may be applied to the
contact tip threads.
Weld bead is narrow or ropy. May 1. Make sure the weld procedure 1. Perform the OCV and Output
have porosity with electrode and electrode polarity is correct for Voltage Wave Test. If waveforms
stubbing into plate. the process being used. Welding are not correct Perform the Output
voltage may be too low for wire feed Rectifier Assembly Tests.
speed being used. 2. Reload latest software. Contact a
2. Make sure shielding gas is correct Lincoln Electric sales representative
and flow is proper. for latest software.
3. Make sure the weld joint is not 3. The Control board may be faulty.
“contaminated”. Replace.
If for any reason you do not understand the test procedures or are unable to perform the test/repairs safely,
contact the Lincoln Electric Service Department for electrical troubleshooting assistance before you proceed
41
TROUBLESHOOTING & REPAIR
TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE
Observe Safety Guidelines detailed in the beginning of this manual.
The welding arc is variable and 1. Check the welding cable 1. Perform the OCV and Output
sluggish. connections for loose or faulty Voltage Wave From Test. If
connections. waveforms are not correct
2. Make sure the wire feed Perform the Output Rectifier
speed, voltage, and shielding Assembly Tests.
gas are correct for the process 2. Reload latest software from a
being used. Lincoln Electric sales
representative
3. The Control Board may be
faulty. Replace.
The arc striking is poor. 1. Check the welding cable 1. Perform the OCV and Output
connections for loose or faulty Voltage Wave Test. If
connections. waveforms are not correct
2. Make sure the wire feed Perform the Output Rectifier
speed, voltage, and shielding Assembly Tests.
gas are correct for the process 2. Reload latest software from a
being used. Lincoln Electric sales
3. Run in settings may need to representative
be adjusted. 3. The Control board may be
faulty. Replace.
If for any reason you do not understand the test procedures or are unable to perform the test/repairs safely,
contact the Lincoln Electric Service Department for electrical troubleshooting assistance before you proceed
42
TROUBLESHOOTING & REPAIR
Service and repair should be performed by only Lincoln Electric factory trained personnel.
Unauthorized repairs performed on this equipment may result in danger to the technician or machine
operator and will invalidate your factory warranty. For your safety and to avoid electrical shock, please
observe all safety notes and precautions detailed throughout this manual. If for any reason you do not
understand the test procedures or are unable to perform the test/repairs safely, contact the Lincoln
Electric Service Department for electrical troubleshooting assistance before you proceed.
DESCRIPTION
This procedure will insure that the five large capacitors on the Chopper Board have been discharged.
This procedure should be performed whenever work is to be attempted on or near the Chopper Board.
MATERIALS NEEDED
Nutdriver
Volt/Ohmmeter
Resistor (25 ohms and 25 watts minimum)
Jumper leads
Wiring Diagram
43
TROUBLESHOOTING & REPAIR
PROCEDURE
Capacitors Terminals
C1, C2, C3 and C4 B1 and B2
C5 B1 and B5
6. Using the volt/ohmmeter, check the voltage across terminals B1 and B2 and B1 and B5 (as in step
5). Each reading should now be zero volts.
44
TROUBLESHOOTING & REPAIR
Service and repair should be performed by only Lincoln Electric factory trained personnel.
Unauthorized repairs performed on this equipment may result in danger to the technician or machine
operator and will invalidate your factory warranty. For your safety and to avoid electrical shock, please
observe all safety notes and precautions detailed throughout this manual.
If for any reason you do not understand the test procedures or are unable to perform the test/repairs
safely, contact the Lincoln Electric Service Department for electrical troubleshooting assistance before
you proceed.
DESCRIPTION
This test will determine if the correct voltages are being applied to the primary windings of the main
transformer and induced on the secondary and auxiliary windings.
MATERIALS NEEDED
Nutdriver
Volt/Ohmmeter
45
TROUBLESHOOTING & REPAIR
Main Transformer voltage Test
PROCEDURE
85 Vdc
60 VAC
NOTE: Secondary voltages will vary proportionately with the primary input voltage.
1. Disconnect the main input power supply to the machine.
TEST NAMEPLATE INPUT VOLTAGE TO THE MAIN TRANSFORMER PRIMARY WINDING:
2. Confirm the reconnect panel is connected properly for the correct voltage. See reconnect panel
connection diagram located on back of machine above reconnect door.
PRIMARY VOLTAGE:
We must have between the ON/OFF LINE SWITCH and the RECONNECT PANEL an alternative voltage :
U1=400V
Leads: T1-T2, T2-T3, T1-T3
SECONDARY VOLTAGE:
The output voltage of the main transformer must be an alternative voltage :
U2=60V
Leads: Phase-Phase ( before the rectifier bridge )
* If the voltage is incorrect, check for loose or broken leads between the reconnect panel and the
ON/OFF POWER SWITCH. Also, test the ON/OFF POWER SWITCH for proper operation.
*
46
TROUBLESHOOTING & REPAIR
Service and repair should be performed by only Lincoln Electric factory trained personnel.
Unauthorized repairs performed on this equipment may result in danger to the technician or machine
operator and will invalidate your factory warranty. For your safety and to avoid electrical shock, please
observe all safety notes and precautions detailed throughout this manual.
If for any reason you do not understand the test procedures or are unable to perform the test/repairs
safely, contact the Lincoln Electric Service Department for electrical troubleshooting assistance before
you proceed.
DESCRIPTION
This test will help determine if the power module IGBT on the Chopper Board is shorted. This test will
also check for input voltage and if the PWM signal is present to activate the IGBT.
.
MATERIALS NEEDED
Nutdriver
Volt/Ohmmeter
Socket wrench and extension
47
TROUBLESHOOTING & REPAIR
Chopper Board Test
PROCEDURE
48
TROUBLESHOOTING & REPAIR
Encoder Test
Service and repair should be performed by only Lincoln Electric factory trained personnel.
Unauthorized repairs performed on this equipment may result in danger to the technician or machine
operator and will invalidate your factory warranty. For your safety and to avoid electrical shock, please
observe all safety notes and precautions detailed throughout this manual.
If for any reason you do not understand the test procedures or are unable to perform the test/repairs
safely, contact the Lincoln Electric Service Department for electrical troubleshooting assistance before
you proceed.
DESCRIPTION
This test will help determine if the encoders are functioning properly for machines above code 10562.
For earlier codes, we have no test for the encoder board.
.
MATERIALS NEEDED
Volt/Ohmmeter (analog recommended)
Nut driver
PW 345 C Machine Schematic
49
TROUBLESHOOTING & REPAIR
Chopper Board Test
PROCEDURE
WMF/AMPS ENCODER #2
50
TROUBLESHOOTING & REPAIR
Service and repair should be performed by only Lincoln Electric factory trained personnel.
Unauthorized repairs performed on this equipment may result in danger to the technician or machine
operator and will invalidate your factory warranty. For your safety and to avoid electrical shock, please
observe all safety notes and precautions detailed throughout this manual.
If for any reason you do not understand the test procedures or are unable to perform the test/repairs
safely, contact the Lincoln Electric Service Department for electrical troubleshooting assistance before
you proceed.
DESCRIPTION
This test will determine if the wire drive motor and voltage feedback circuits are functioning properly.
.
.
MATERIALS NEEDED
Volt/Ohmmeter
Nut driver
PW 345 C Machine Schematic
51
TROUBLESHOOTING & REPAIR
Wire drive Motor test
PROCEDURE
25
20
WFS m/min
15
10
0
3 7 ,2 1 1 ,3 2 1 5 ,5 1 9 ,6 2 3 ,7 2 7 ,8 3 0 ,5
w ire d riv e m o te u r V O L T A G E (d c )
52
TROUBLESHOOTING & REPAIR
Tachometer feedback test
4. Carefully insert the meter probes into the back of each Molex plug pin cavity.
5. If the 5 VDC is present, go to next step. If no voltage is measured Feeder Head Board may be bad.
Check connections back to Feed Head Board.
7. Carefully insert the meter probes into the back of each Molex plug pin cavity
8. Turn the machine ON and pull the gun trigger to conduct the voltage test.
FROM LEAD TO LEAD EXPECTED VOLTAGE
847 ( 7J84) 844 ( 4J84 ) 1.5 to 3.5 VDC
9. If the 1.5 to 3.5 VDC is present, the tachometer circuit is sending the correct feedback signal to the
Feeder Board. Replace the Feeder Board.
10. If the 1.5 to 3.5 VDC is not present or not correct, the Feeder Board is not receiving the proper
feedback voltage from the tachometer circuit. Check the leads from the tachometer circuit to the
Feeder Board for loose or broken connections.
11. If the leads ar okay, the tachometer circuit may be faulty, replace the tach Sensor.
53
TROUBLESHOOTING & REPAIR
Service and repair should be performed by only Lincoln Electric factory trained personnel.
Unauthorized repairs performed on this equipment may result in danger to the technician or machine
operator and will invalidate your factory warranty. For your safety and to avoid electrical shock, please
observe all safety notes and precautions detailed throughout this manual.
If for any reason you do not understand the test procedures or are unable to perform the test/repairs
safely, contact the Lincoln Electric Service Department for electrical troubleshooting assistance before
you proceed.
DESCRIPTION
This test will determine if the current transducer and associated wiring are functioning correctly..
.
.
MATERIALS NEEDED
Volt/Ohmmeter
Nut driver
PW 345 C Machine Schematic
54
TROUBLESHOOTING & REPAIR
Current Transducer test
PROCEDURE
TEST PROCEDURE
1. Remove input power to the machine
2. Remove the left case side of the machine.
3. Remove the PC compartment door.
4. Locate plug J8 at the Control Board. Using figure 10.
5. Connect the main power to the machine.
6. Make the following voltage test. From the table below. Also see Table F.1.
7. Carefully insert the meter probes into the back of each Molex plug pin cavity.
FROM LEAD TO LEAD EXPECTED VOLTAGE
802+ (2J8) 806-(6J8) +15 VDC
804- (4J8) 806+(6J8) -15 VDC
8. If excepted voltages are not present the Control Board may be faulty.
9. Check the feedback voltage from the current transducer with the Power Mig set on Mode 1 or 2 and
the machine loaded to 250 amps.
10. Make the following voltage test. From the table below.
FROM LEAD TO LEAD EXPECTED VOLTAGE
801 (1J8) 806 (6J8) 2.0 Vdc
11. If the measured feedback voltage is not correct for the output load current. The current transducer
may be faulty.
12. If for any reason the machine cannot be loaded to 250 amps, Figure 11 shows what feedback
voltage is produced at various current loads.
OUTPUT LOAD CURRENT EXPECTED TRANSDUCER FEEDBACK VOLTAGE
500 4.0
450 3.6
400 3.2
350 2.8
300 2.4
250 2.0
200 1.6
150 1.2
100 0.8
55
TROUBLESHOOTING & REPAIR
Service and repair should be performed by only Lincoln Electric factory trained personnel.
Unauthorized repairs performed on this equipment may result in danger to the technician or machine
operator and will invalidate your factory warranty. For your safety and to avoid electrical shock, please
observe all safety notes and precautions detailed throughout this manual.
If for any reason you do not understand the test procedures or are unable to perform the test/repairs
safely, contact the Lincoln Electric Service Department for electrical troubleshooting assistance before
you proceed.
DESCRIPTION
56
TROUBLESHOOTING & REPAIR
DIGITAL POWER SUPPLY BOARD TEST
PROCEDURE
57
TROUBLESHOOTING & REPAIR
The Clear All procedure allow to find the set u p weld mode factory. Before to start the
procedure, read and follow the instruction step by step.
3) We must turn the two switch button at the same time and keep the position of the
select button push up for the step 2&3.
4)
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TROUBLESHOOTING & REPAIR
3) Keep the select button push up until the next display code at the next step .
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TROUBLESHOOTING & REPAIR
6) Push up the select button one time.
7) Wait a moment.
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Lincoln Diagnostic Utility
Introduction
The Lincoln Diagnostic Utility is a software tool used for maintenance and diagnostics of Lincoln
Electric welding equipment utilizing the new digital common controls platform.
This utility is expressly designed for simplicity and straightforwardness. Its simple, yet powerful,
diagnostic features can detect the most subtle problems or misconfigurations.
Getting Started
To begin using the Lincoln Diagnostic Utility, your welding device must be attached to the computer, or
to your local area network (LAN).
When the program starts up, you will need to select which serial port your machine is attached to (the
default port is COM1). When you have selected a port, click the “Connect” button to establish a
connection to the machine. A DB-9 to DB-25 Pin serial adapter cable (swaps pins 2 and 3 from one
end to the other) should be used between the PC and machine (Radio Shack part no. 26-269). Notice
that the “Disconnect” button will become enabled, so that you can disconnect from your machine at
any time.
In addition, advanced users may elect to use the “Connect via Ethernet” button to connect to a
machine that is hooked up to their local area network (LAN).
Once a connection is established, several other “tabs” appear on top of the program’s window.
The “System Info” and “Diagnostics” tabs should appear unconditionally. Once the machine
is in a ready state (no errors), several other functional tabs such as “Calibration” or “Cable
Test” will appear depending on the operating system. In addition, the status bar message at the
bottom of the window will indicate the connection type, and communication protocol of the
machine to which you have connected.
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Lincoln Diagnostic Utility
1) Diagnostics (ArcLink)
“Diagnostics” is the default window, and displays any problems that might be present in your machine,
no matter how benign the problem might be.
If there are absolutely no problems in your machine, the program will show a green check mark, and
display a “Machine is ready” message, as in the illustration above.
If the program detects a malfunction in your system, it will attempt to ascertain which board caused the
malfunction. For example, in the following figure, the Weld Controller generated an error because it
detected a thermal fault:
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Lincoln Diagnostic Utility
The “Refresh” button at the bottom will simply re-run the diagnostic process and re-display
the results. If the “Auto” check box is checked, the proram will automatically refresh the
diagnostics every 1 second.
If you click the “Display Status” button, the program will display the status of all logical
objects in your machine, regardless of their condition
In the example above, all objects are ready (no errors) except the Weld Controller object. This
is indicated by a red “x” icon next to the faulted object.
In addition to the actual faulted condition, an object may also have “events” recorded in its
historical Event Log. These events can provide additional information about the cause of any
problem. An event may be residual from a previous malfunction, or it could be associated
with the current malfunction. Even objects that are not faulted may still have events recorded
in their log. Each event has a time stamp and a textual description of the nature of the event.
(The time stamp generally indicates the amount of time elapsed since the machine was
powered up)
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It is recommended to periodically “clear” the event logs of any object that might have events,
so that, if a problem ever occurs, it will be certain that any logged events will be recent, and
will apply to the problem at hand.
If the machine experiences an error severe enough that the machine is forced to reset, the error
is recorded in the Fatal Error Log.
The Event Logs, Fatal Logs, and Latched Errors (for all objects) can be cleared
simultaneously by clicking the “Clear Logs” button in the bottom right corner of the window
When the logs are cleared in this manner, the machine will remember the last time its logs
were cleared, and this information will be reflected the next time you run the diagnostics:
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2) Diagnostics (LincNet)
Earlier code semi-automatic machines utilized the LincNet communication protocol. LincNet
did not support diagnostics as extensive as those available in ArcLink machines. Nor does it
support historical logs, which means once an error has cleared, there is no record of its
occurrence. The LincNet Diagnostics window will only display the latched error(s) that the
machine is presently experiencing, as well as the current status of the machine. For this reason
the “Auto Refresh” option is recommended when troubleshooting a LincNet based machine to
more easily track the error sequences.
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FAULT/STATUS CODES
// Fault/status codes used byte status LED, UI display and Event Log.
//
// **CANNOT** use 0 as a digit. NO HEX values !!!!!
//
// Boot Fault & Status codes use ranges between 11 and 19
// Power source fault/status codes use ranges between 21 and 79
// Wire drive fault/status codes use ranges between 81 and 89
// Sense Lead fault/status codes use ranges between 91 and 94
// Spool/Pull Gun fault/status codes use ranges between 95 and 99
// Gateway fault/status codes use ranges between 111 and 149
// Ethernet Board Events 161 -
// User Interface events 261 - 289
// Spread Arc / Travel Carriage events 291 - 299
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#define WC_STATUS_LONG_AVG_SOL 0x0041 // secondary over
current (long average) - EEF_WC_STATUS_struct
#define WC_FAULT_POWER_DOWN 0x0042 // power down 42
- EEF_WC_STATUS_struct
#define WC_FAULT_CAP_DELTA 0x0043 // cap delta voltage
- EEF_WC_FAULT_CAP_struct
#define WC_FAULT_DSP_HB 0x0044 // DSP detects '332
dropped HB - EEF_WC_STATUS_struct
#define WC_FAULT_HI_VOLTS 0x0045 // output voltage
high - EEF_WC_FAULT_HI_VOLTS_struct
#define WC_STATUS_SHORT_AVG_SOL 0x0046 // secondary over
current (short average) - EEF_WC_STATUS_struct
#define WC_FAULT_MISC2_HW 0x0047 // misc hw fault
(cap fault or hb) - EEF_WC_FAULT_CAP_struct
#define WC_FAULT_MISC3_HW 0x0048 // misc hw fault
high (main opened) - EEF_WC_STATUS_struct
#define WC_STATUS_1P 0x0049 // single phase
- EEF_WC_STATUS_struct
#define WC_WCSETWS_FAIL 0x0051 // WC Attempt to set
WS schedule memory failed -
#define WC_DSPLOAD_HIGH 0x0052 // DSP load
dangerously high- failure imminent - EEF_WC_DSPLOAD_HIGH_struct
#define WC_SENSE_LOSS 0x0053 // voltage sense
loss - EEF_WC_STATUS_struct
#define WC_FAULT_SEC_OC 0x0054 // secondary
overcurrent
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#define DN_ST_EN_ACCESS_FUNC 0x0113 // Err in State
Enable Access Func - No Data
#define DN_MODECHANGE_TIMEOUT 0x0114 // Mode change evt
didn't arrive in time - No Data
#define DN_COSEVENT_FAIL 0x0115 // Failed creation
of COS event - DN_EVT_LOG_STRCT_5
#define DN_GETALADDRESS_FAIL 0x0116 // Failed to get the
object's AL address - DN_EVT_LOG_STRCT_5
#define DN_IO_CXN_TIMEOUT 0x0118 // DN IO Cnxn Timed-
Out - DN_EVT_LOG_STRCT_1
#define DN_CXN_DEALLOC 0x0119 // DN Cnxn was
Deallocated - DN_EVT_LOG_STRCT_1
#define DN_WRITE_FAIL 0x0121 // write_db_property
failed - DN_EVT_LOG_STRCT_2
#define DN_READ_FAIL 0x0122 // read_db_property
failed - DN_EVT_LOG_STRCT_2
#define ALWRITE_FAIL 0x0123 // Write failed
setting DN IO Cmds Off - DN_EVT_LOG_STRCT_4
#define MODECHANGE_FAILED 0x0124 // Failed to change
modes - No Data
#define ERR_IN_GET_TRIM_UNSCLD 0x0125 // Err getting
Scaled Trim Value - DN_EVT_LOG_STRCT_3
#define ERR_IN_GET_TRIM_SCLD 0x0126 // Err getting
UnScaled Trim Value - DN_EVT_LOG_STRCT_3
#define ERR_SET_TRIMS_MODE_CHG 0x0127 // Err in setting
trims on a mode change - DN_EVT_LOG_STRCT_3
#define ERR_SETTING_EE_VALS 0x0128 // Err in writting
out an EE value - DN_EVT_LOG_STRCT_2
#define GW_DNATTR_INIT 0x0129 // Err in
initializing dnattrs - DN_EVT_LOG_STRCT_2
#define EE_PARAM_READ 0x0131 // EE Read Failed or
Bad EE Checksum - EE_PARAM_READ_struct
#define EE_PARAM_WRITE 0x0132 // Write to EE
Failed - EE_PARAM_WRITE_struct
#define DN_WRITEALACT_FAIL 0x0133 // Write Arclink
action fail - DN_WRITEALACT_FAIL_struct
#define DN_MSTR_GOT_EXP_FRAG 0x0134 // DN Master got a
Fragmented Exp Msg Response - DN_MSTR_ERROR_STRUCT1
#define DN_MSTR_GOT_BAD_EXP_MSG 0x0135 // DN Master got a
Bad Exp Msg Response - DN_MSTR_ERROR_STRUCT2
#define DN_MSTR_OPEN_SLAVE_FAILED 0x0136 // DN Master could
not open slave - DN_MSTR_ERROR_STRUCT1
#define DN_MSTR_LOST_COMM_TO_SLAVE 0x0137 // DN Master lost
communications to slave - DN_MSTR_ERROR_STRUCT1
#define DN_MSTR_GOT_BAD_IO_MSG 0x0138 // DN Master got a
bad IO Msg Response - DN_MSTR_ERROR_STRUCT3
#define DN_MSTR_BAD_FEEDDRIVE_HI_LIM 0x0139 // DN Master read a
bad hi lim for the Set WFS - No Data
#define DN_MSTR_SEND_POLL_FAILED 0x0141 // DN Master sending
poll IO failed - DN_MSTR_ERROR_STRUCT1
#define DN_ERR_GETTING_MODES 0x0142 // Error in reading
modes from WC
#define DN_SETTING_SPI_DISPLAY_ITEM 0x0143 // Error in setting
SPI panel item - DN_SPI_ERROR_STRUCT
#define DN_GETTING_TRIM_INFO_ACTION 0x0144 // Error in setting
SPI panel item - DN_EVT_LOG_STRCT_4
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#define ACTION_FAILED 0x0166
//ACTION_FAILED_STRUCT
#define ETHERNET_EUROPIPE_PLC 0x0167
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#define CLNT_TIMED_OUT 0x0198 // Client timeouted
waiting for enet server reply- EN_CLNT_TIMEOUT_STRUCT
#define GETTING_SEQ_XREF 0x0199 // Error get a seq
xref attribute number - XREF_ERR_STRUCT
// the following error codes are used when there is a problem with a specific board
that is needed for machine to operate
#define CONTROL_BOARD_NOT_FOUND 0x212 // control board
can't be found
#define CONTROL_BOARD_OFFLINE 0x213 // control board is
offline
#define WIRE_DRIVE_BOARD_NOT_FOUND 0x214 // wire drive board
can't be found
#define WIRE_DRIVE_BOARD_OFFLINE 0x215 // wire drive board
is offline
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#define ARC_CNTL_WRITE_TIMER_EN 0x0242 // Arc Cntl Obj
WRITE TIMER ENABLE - EN_ARC_CNTL_SEQWRITE_STRUCT
#define ARC_CNTL_READ 0x0243 // Arc Cntl Obj Read
- EN_ARC_CNTL_READ_STRUCT
#define ARC_CNTL_OBJ 0x0244 // Arc Cntl Obj
Can't Find Object - EN_ARC_CNTL_OBJ_STRUCT
#define ARC_CNTL_WRITE 0x0245 // Arc Cntl Obj non
seq WRITE - EN_ARC_CNTL_WRITE_STRUCT
#define ARC_CNTL_MODE_CHANGE 0x0246 // Arc Cntl Obj mode
change - EN_ARC_CNTL_MODE_CHANGE_STRUCT
#define ARC_CNTL_SYSTEM_FAULT 0x0247 // Arc Cntl Obj
latched fault - ARC_CNTRL_SYSTEM_FAULT_STRUCT
There is also a list of FATAL log errors. The attached file lists some of these errors. Some of the descriptions are
confusing, but hopefully the common errors are described well enough. The list below was taken directly fromn
the software code, but is a pretty good listing.
/***********************************************************************************
***************/
/* #defines FATAL ERROR CODES CANNOT CONTAIN ZEROS FOR
DIGITS!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
They may be HEX values from 1-9, a-f are also PROHIBITED!!!!!!!!!!!!11111
************************************************************************************
***************/
#ifndef fat_defs_h
#define fat_defs_h
/* System exceptions, 100 series. The number blinked on the status led is a hex
number, i.e. each
nibble is blinked like a decimal digit. When expanding this list, be sure not to
include any numbers
already declared in md_syser.h since these too are blinked. A simple rule is to
keep errors
in this file to numbers 111 or larger. */
#define F_UN_INIT 0x111
#define F_BUSERROR 0x112
#define F_ADRERROR 0x113
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#define F_ILLEGAL 0x114
#define F_ZERODIV 0x115
#define F_CHK 0x116
#define F_TRAPV 0x117
#define F_PRIVILEGE 0x118
#define F_TRACE 0x119
#define F_EMULA 0x121
#define F_EMULF 0x122
#define F_HW 0x123
#define F_PROTO 0x124
#define F_FORMAT 0x125
#define F_UNINIT 0x126
#define F_RESVD 0x127
#define F_SPURIOUS 0x128
#define F_AUTO1 0x129
#define F_AUTO2 0x131
#define F_AUTO3 0x132
#define F_AUTO4 0x133
#define F_AUTO5 0x134
#define F_AUTO6 0x135
#define F_AUTO7 0x136
#define F_TRAP0 0x137
#define F_TRAP1 0x138
#define F_TRAP2 0x139
#define F_TRAP3 0x141
#define F_TRAP4 0x142
#define F_TRAP5 0x143
#define F_TRAP6 0x144
#define F_TRAP7 0x145
#define F_TRAP8 0x146
#define F_TRAP9 0x147
#define F_TRAPA 0x148
#define F_TRAPB 0x149
#define F_TRAPC 0x151
#define F_TRAPD 0x152
#define F_TRAPE 0x153
#define F_TRAPF 0x154
#define F_USER 0x155
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#define F_PARAM_CSUM 0x1312 /* Parameter file checksum error */
#define F_FPGA_CSUM 0x1313 /* FPGA file checksum error */
#define F_WTABLE_CSUM 0x1314 /* Weld table checksum error */
#define F_DSP_CSUM 0x1315 /* DSP checksum error */
/* F_DSP_CSUM fatal specific codes */
#define FS_DSP_CSUM_MAIN_CODE 0 /* the DSP main conde in FLASH contains an
invalid checksum */
#define FS_DSP_CSUM_BOOTSTRAP_CODE 1 /* the DSP bootstap code in FLASH contains
an invalid checksum */
#define FS_DSP_CSUM_CLEAR_PROG 2 /* the DSP clear program in FLASH contains
an invalid checksum */
#define FS_DSP_CSUM_SET_PROG 3 /* the DSP set program in FLASH contains an
invalid checksum */
#define FS_DSP_CSUM_PROG_PROG 4 /* the DSP program program in FLASH contains
an invalid checksum */
#define FS_DSP_CSUM_SEND_MESSAGE 5 /* the buffer passed to DSP_SendMessage()
contained an invalid checksum */
#define FS_DSP_CSUM_DEPLETION_PROG 6 /* the DSP clear program in FLASH contains
an invalid checksum */
#define F_PARAM_FORMAT 0x1316 /* Parameter file format error */
/* F_PARAM_FORMAT fatal specific codes */
#define FS_PARAM_FORMAT_BAD_HEADER 0 /* the parameter file header format is
invalid */
#define FS_PARAM_FORMAT_BAD_DATA 1 /* the parameter file data format is invalid
*/
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#define F_EE_SECT_OVRLAP 0x4214 /* EEPROM defined sections overlap */
#define F_EE_SECT_SIZE 0x4215 /* EEPROM defined section smaller than
section header size */
#define F_EE_SECT_LOG_OVRLAP 0x4216 /* Log section of EEPROM is calculated
larger than allocated */
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#define F_SPI_PANEL_3_ESSENTIAL 0x7134 /* panel 3 is considered "essential" to
operation and is not installed */
#define F_SPI_PANEL_4_ESSENTIAL 0x7135 /* panel 4 is considered "essential" to
operation and is not installed */
#define F_SPI_PANEL_5_ESSENTIAL 0x7136 /* panel 5 is considered "essential" to
operation and is not installed */
#define F_SPI_PANEL_6_ESSENTIAL 0x7137 /* panel 6 is considered "essential" to
operation and is not installed */
#define F_SPI_PANEL_7_ESSENTIAL 0x7138 /* panel 7 is considered "essential" to
operation and is not installed */
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Retest after Repair
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ELECTRICAL DIAGRAM
WIRING DIAGRAM
77
ANNEXE
FEEDER BOARD
PLUG LOCATION
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SVM ERROR REPORTING FORM
We need to know if there are errors in our manuals. We also value any suggestions
as to additional tests or procedures that would make this SVM a better tool for you. If
you discover new or different “Problems or Symptoms” that are not covered in the
three column troubleshooting chart, please share this information with us. Please
include the machine’s code number and how the problem was resolved.
Thank You,
Service Department
FAX +33(0)2 32 11 40 52
EMAIL : LEFservice.dept@LincolnEurope.com
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