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    Gold T1

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    Thunderkick
    Gold is a dense, yellow precious metal that is one of the least chemically reactive elements. It is found naturally in rocks and river sediments, though in low concentrations. Gold is highly valued for use in jewelry, coins, electronics, and other applications due to its attractive appearance, resistance to corrosion, and excellent electrical conductivity. Common gold alloys mix gold with other metals like silver and copper to increase hardness for jewelry while retaining the desirable properties of pure gold.

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    Gold T1

    Uploaded by

    Thunderkick
    23 views2 pages
    Gold is a dense, yellow precious metal that is one of the least chemically reactive elements. It is found naturally in rocks and river sediments, though in low concentrations. Gold is highly valued for use in jewelry, coins, electronics, and other applications due to its attractive appearance, resistance to corrosion, and excellent electrical conductivity. Common gold alloys mix gold with other metals like silver and copper to increase hardness for jewelry while retaining the desirable properties of pure gold.

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    Gold is a dense, yellow precious metal that is one of the least chemically reactive elements. It is found naturally in rocks and river sediments, though in low concentrations. Gold is highly valued for use in jewelry, coins, electronics, and other applications due to its attractive appearance, resistance to corrosion, and excellent electrical conductivity. Common gold alloys mix gold with other metals like silver and copper to increase hardness for jewelry while retaining the desirable properties of pure gold.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    23 views2 pages

    Gold T1

    Uploaded by

    Thunderkick
    Gold is a dense, yellow precious metal that is one of the least chemically reactive elements. It is found naturally in rocks and river sediments, though in low concentrations. Gold is highly valued for use in jewelry, coins, electronics, and other applications due to its attractive appearance, resistance to corrosion, and excellent electrical conductivity. Common gold alloys mix gold with other metals like silver and copper to increase hardness for jewelry while retaining the desirable properties of pure gold.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Gold

    Found in nature in a comparatively pure form. The history of gold is unequaled by that of any other
    metal because of its perceived value from earliest times.

    Dense lustrous yellow precious metal of Group 11 (Ib), Period 6, of the periodic table of the
    elements.

    Gold is one of the densest of all metals. It is a good conductor of heat and electricity. It is also soft
    and the most malleable and ductile of the elements; an ounce (31.1 grams; gold is weighed in troy
    ounces) can be beaten out to 187 square feet (about 17 square meters) in extremely thin sheets
    called gold leaf.

    Gold is widespread in low concentrations in all igneous rocks. Its abundance in Earth’s crust is
    estimated at about 0.005 part per million. It occurs mostly in the native state, remaining chemically
    uncombined except with tellurium, selenium, and bismuth. The element’s only naturally occurring
    isotope is gold-197. Gold often occurs in association with copper and lead deposits, and, though
    the quantity present is often extremely small, it is readily recovered as a by-product in the refining
    of those base metals. Large masses of gold-bearing rock rich enough to be called ores are
    unusual. Two types of deposits containing significant amounts of gold are known: hydrothermal
    veins, where it is associated with quartz and pyrite (fool’s gold); and placer deposits, both
    consolidated and unconsolidated, that are derived from the weathering of gold-bearing rocks.

    Because pure gold is too soft to resist prolonged handling, it is usually alloyed with other metals to
    increase its hardness for use in jewelry, goldware, or coinage. Most gold used in jewelry is alloyed
    with silver, copper, and a little zinc to produce various shades of yellow gold or with nickel, copper,
    and zinc to produce white gold. The colour of these gold alloys goes from yellow to white as the
    proportion of silver in them increases; more than 70 percent silver results in alloys that are white.
    Alloys of gold with silver or copper are used to make gold coins and goldware, and alloys with
    platinum or palladium are also used in jewelry. The content of gold alloys is expressed in 24ths,
    called karats; a 12-karat gold alloy is 50 percent gold, and 24-karat gold is gold that is more than
    99 percent pure.

    Because of its high electrical conductivity (71 percent that of copper) and inertness, the largest
    industrial use of gold is in the electric and electronics industry for plating contacts, terminals,
    printed circuits, and semiconductor systems. Thin films of gold that reflect up to 98 percent of
    incident infrared radiation have been employed on satellites to control temperature and on space-
    suit visors to afford protection. Used in a similar way on the windows of large office buildings, gold
    reduces the air-conditioning requirement and adds to the beauty. Gold has also long been used for
    fillings and other repairs to teeth.

    Gold is one of the noblest—that is, least chemically reactive—of the transition elements. It is not
    attacked by oxygen or sulfur, although it will react readily with halogens or with solutions containing
    or generating chlorine, such as aqua regia. It also will dissolve in cyanide solutions in the presence
    of air or hydrogen peroxide. Dissolution in cyanide solutions is attributable to the formation of the
    very stable dicyanoaurate ion, [Au(CN)2]−.

    Like copper, gold has a single s electron outside a completed d shell, but, in spite of the similarity
    in electronic structures and ionization energies, there are few close resemblances between gold on
    the one hand and copper on the other.

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