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Satyajit Ray his
contributions
January 14, 2021
In news: The 51st International Film Festival of India will
pay rich tributes to the legendary filmmaker Satyajit Ray
This was announced during the Golden Jubilee edition of IFFI in 2019, by Shri Amit
Khare, Secretary, Ministry of I&B, as part of the Centenary celebrations of Satyajit
Ray.
About the Satyajit Ray(1921-1992) and his contributions
He was born on May 2nd 1921 in Calcutta, India He is a

Bengali motion-picture director, writer, and illustrator who brought the
Indian cinema to world recognition with Pather Panchali (1955; The Song
of the Road) and its two sequels, known as the Apu Trilogy.
Ray directed 36 films, including feature films, documentaries and shorts.
He was also a fiction writer, publisher, illustrator, calligrapher, music

composer, graphic designer and film critic.
As a director Ray was noted for his humanism, his versatility, and his
detailed control over his films and their music.
He studied at Presidency College, Calcutta's leading college, where he

taught in English In 1940 his mother persuaded him to attend art school at
Santiniketan, Rabindranath Tagore's rural university northwest of Calcutta.
There Ray, whose interests had been exclusively urban and Western-
oriented, was exposed to Indian and other Eastern art and gained a deeper
appreciation of both Eastern and Western culture, a harmonious
combination that is evident in his films.
In 1943 he got a job in a British-owned advertising agency, became its art

director within a few years, and also worked for a publishing house as a
commercial illustrator, becoming a leading Indian typographer and book-
jacket designer.
Among the books he illustrated (1944) was the novel Pather Panchali by
Bibhuti Bhushan Banarjee, the cinematic possibilities of which began to
intrigue him. Ray had long been an avid filmgoer, and his deepening
interest in the medium inspired his first attempts to write screenplays and
his confounding (1947) of the Calcutta Film Society.
Pather Panchali was completed in 1955 and turned out to be both a

commercial and a tremendous critical success, first in Bengal and then in
the West following a major award at the 1956 Cannes International Film
Festival
Ray never returned to this saga form, his subsequent films becoming more
and more concentrated in time, with an emphasis on psychology rather
than conventional narrative.
He also consciously avoided repeating himself. As a result, his films span

an unusually wide gamut of mood, milieu, period, and genre, with
comedies, tragedies, romances, musicals, and detective stories treating
all classes of Bengali society from the mid-19th to the late 20th century.
Most of Ray's characters are, however, of average ability and talentsunlike

the subjects of his documentary films, which include Rabindranath Tagore
(1961) and The Inner Eye (1972).
It was the inner struggle and corruption of the conscience-stricken person

that fascinated Ray; his films primarily concern thought and feeling, rather
than action and plot.
Some of Ray's finest films were based on novels or other works by

Rabindranath Tagore, who was the principal creative influence on the
director.
The songs composed by Ray for the latter are among his best-known contributions to
Bengali culture.
The motion-picture director also established a parallel career in Bengal as a writer and an
illustrator, chiefly for young people. He revived the children's magazine Sandesh (which his
grandfather had started in 1913) and edited it until his death in 1992.
He was one of the filmmakers who initiated the parallel
cinema in Bengal Ray

was the author of numerous short stories and novellas, and in fact writing, rather than
filmmaking, became his main source of income.
His stories have been translated and published in Europe, the United States, and elsewhere.
Some of Ray's writings on cinema are collected in Our Films, Their Films (1976).
His other works include the memoir Yakhana chota chilama.
(1982; Childhood Days).
Do you know?
What is the parallel Indian cinema?
Parallel cinema is a film movement in Indian cinema that
originated in the state of West Bengal in the 1950s as an alternative to the mainstream
commercial Indian
cinema, represented especially by popular Hindi cinema, known today as Bollywood.
It is inspired by Italian Neorealism, Parallel Cinema began just before the French New
Wave and Japanese New Wave, and was a precursor to the Indian New Wave of the 1960s.
The movement was initially led by Bengali cinema and produced internationally acclaimed
filmmakers such as Satyajit Ray, Mrinal Sen, Ritwik Ghatak, Tapan Sinha and others.
It is known for its serious content, realism and naturalism, symbolic elements with a keen
eye on the sociopolitical climate of the times, and for the
rejection of inserted dance-and-song routines that are typical of mainstream

Indian films.

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Machine Translated by Google

Satyajit Ray his

About the Satyajit Ray(1921-1992) and his contributions

He was born on May 2nd 1921 in Calcutta, India He is a

Ray directed 36 films, including feature films, documentaries and shorts.

He was also a fiction writer, publisher, illustrator, calligrapher, music

He studied at Presidency College, Calcutta's leading college, where he

In 1943 he got a job in a British-owned advertising agency, became its art

Pather Panchali was completed in 1955 and turned out to be both a

He also consciously avoided repeating himself. As a result, his films span

Most of Ray's characters are, however, of average ability and talentsunlike

It was the inner struggle and corruption of the conscience-stricken person

Some of Ray's finest films were based on novels or other works by

He was one of the filmmakers who initiated the parallel

cinema in Bengal Ray

His other works include the memoir Yakhana chota chilama.

(1982; Childhood Days).

What is the parallel Indian cinema?

Parallel cinema is a film movement in Indian cinema that

cinema, represented especially by popular Hindi cinema, known today as Bollywood.

rejection of inserted dance-and-song routines that are typical of mainstream

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