Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 33 views

    SECURITY

    Uploaded by

    Munira Zafar 97-FSS/BSPST/S19
    The document summarizes the history of relations between India and Pakistan since their independence in 1947. It discusses the main points of conflict between the two countries, including the Kashmir dispute, water rights, and their wars in 1947-48, 1965, 1971, and 1999. Key agreements discussed include the Indus Water Treaty of 1960, the Simla Agreement of 1972 following the 1971 war, and the 1988 Non-Nuclear Aggression Agreement. The ongoing Kashmir issue and lack of trust between the nuclear-armed neighbors has kept relations generally hostile despite periods of diplomatic efforts and ceasefires.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    SECURITY

    Uploaded by

    Munira Zafar 97-FSS/BSPST/S19
    33 views3 pages
    The document summarizes the history of relations between India and Pakistan since their independence in 1947. It discusses the main points of conflict between the two countries, including the Kashmir dispute, water rights, and their wars in 1947-48, 1965, 1971, and 1999. Key agreements discussed include the Indus Water Treaty of 1960, the Simla Agreement of 1972 following the 1971 war, and the 1988 Non-Nuclear Aggression Agreement. The ongoing Kashmir issue and lack of trust between the nuclear-armed neighbors has kept relations generally hostile despite periods of diplomatic efforts and ceasefires.

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document summarizes the history of relations between India and Pakistan since their independence in 1947. It discusses the main points of conflict between the two countries, including the Kashmir dispute, water rights, and their wars in 1947-48, 1965, 1971, and 1999. Key agreements discussed include the Indus Water Treaty of 1960, the Simla Agreement of 1972 following the 1971 war, and the 1988 Non-Nuclear Aggression Agreement. The ongoing Kashmir issue and lack of trust between the nuclear-armed neighbors has kept relations generally hostile despite periods of diplomatic efforts and ceasefires.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    33 views3 pages

    SECURITY

    Uploaded by

    Munira Zafar 97-FSS/BSPST/S19
    The document summarizes the history of relations between India and Pakistan since their independence in 1947. It discusses the main points of conflict between the two countries, including the Kashmir dispute, water rights, and their wars in 1947-48, 1965, 1971, and 1999. Key agreements discussed include the Indus Water Treaty of 1960, the Simla Agreement of 1972 following the 1971 war, and the 1988 Non-Nuclear Aggression Agreement. The ongoing Kashmir issue and lack of trust between the nuclear-armed neighbors has kept relations generally hostile despite periods of diplomatic efforts and ceasefires.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 3

    Name Lyba Saleem

    Reg No 149-FSS/BSPST/S20
    Presentation Topice:
    Diplomacy and history of india and pakistan relation
    Pakistan and India are two immediate neighbors having common history and culture; in this way,
    they should have the warmest ties, but their relationships have remained hostile all the
    time.Pakistan has always been pleased to suggest mitigating measures, but India’s response is
    generally not so good.Kashmir Problem has been central to the dispute between pakistan and
    indian.
    There are main issuse between Pakistan and Indian
     Kashmir issuse
     Water dispute
     Control line issuse
     1947,1965,1971,War
     Terrorism
    In order to solve some issuse to resolve some agreement has been signed.
    First War:
    The Indo-Pakistani War of 1947–1948, or the First Kashmir War,was an armed conflict that was
    fought between India and Pakistan over the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir from 1947 to
    1948. It was the first of four Indo-Pakistani wars that was fought between the two newly
    independent nations.
    Indus Water Trearty Agreement
    Since independence the water dispute emerged as major dispute between the two nations about
    rivers Ravi, Sutlej, Chenab, Beas,Jehlum and Sindh.So after the cooperation of World Bank, In
    1960, Indus Treaty was signed to resolve the conflict.Pak get Chenab,Indus and Jehlum and
    India got Ravi, Sutlej and Beas according to the treaty.
    Second War:
    The Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 or the Second Kashmir War was a culmination of skirmishes
    that took place between April 1965 and September 1965 between Pakistan and India.
    Rann Of Kutch Agreement
    The Rann of Kutch was first known to the world when a dispute over the boundary arose
    between Pakistan and India which led to serious skirmish between the two neighbours
    consequently, on British intervention, a ceasefire was declared and an agreement was singed on
    June 30, 1965.
    Tashkent Declaration Agreement
    The Tashkent Declaration was a peace agreement between Indian and Pakistan signed on 10
    January 1966 that resolved the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965. Peace had been achieved on 23
    September by the intervention of the external powers that pushed the two nations to cease fire,
    afraid the conflict could escalate and draw.
    Third War:
    The Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 was a military confrontation between India and Pakistan that
    occurred during the Bangladesh Liberation War in East Pakistan from 3 December 1971 to the
    fall of Dacca (Dhaka) on 16 December 1971.
    Line Of control Agreement
    The Line of Control (LoC) is a military control line between the Indian and Pakistani controlled
    parts of the former princely state of Jammu and Kashmir a line which does not constitute a
    legally recognized international boundary, but serves as the de facto border. It was established as
    part of the Simla Agreement at the end of the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971. Both nations agreed to
    rename the ceasefire line as the "Line of Control" and pledged to respect it without prejudice to
    their respective positions. Apart from minor details, the line is roughly the same as the original
    1949 cease-fire line.
    Simla Agreement
    The Simla Agreement, also spelled Shimla Agreement, was a peace treaty signed between India
    and Pakistan on 2 July 1972 in Shimla, the capital city of the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh.It
    followed the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, which began after India intervened in East Pakistan as
    an ally of Bengali rebels who were fighting against Pakistani state forces in the Bangladesh
    Liberation War.The Indian intervention proved decisive in the war and led to East Pakistan's
    breakaway from its union with West Pakistan and the emergence of the independent state of
    Bangladesh.

    Non-Nuclear Aggression Agreement


    The Non-nuclear aggression agreement is a bilateral and nuclear weapons control treaty between
    the two South Asian states, India and Pakistan, on the reduction (or limitation) of nuclear arms
    and pledged not to attack or assist foreign powers to attack on each's nuclear installations and
    facilities.The agreement, which was signed on December 31, 1988, and entered into force on
    January 27, 1991, says that the two countries will inform each other of nuclear installations and
    facilities to be covered under the agreement on January 1 of every calendar year.
    Kargil War:
    After the independence, India had left no stone unturned to bring harm to the sovereignty of
    Pakistan. Moreover their actions of the 1965 war claimed their aggression towards Pakistani
    community. Moreover it is still pressurizing the army of Pakistan. Another incident when Pak
    become nuclear superpower in 1999 the Kargil war broke out. But some analysts claim that they
    have been the victim of releasing of tensions from the both sides. But both were solved by the
    International communities. 1998The Kargil War, also known as the Kargil conflict,was an armed
    conflict fought between India and Pakistan from May to July 1999 in the kargil district of jammu
    and kashmir and else where along the line of control(LOC).
    REFERANCES
     Ali, N. (2011). “General Musharraf’s four-point formula can provide an effective
    roadmap in Kashmir”. An Interview with Prof Abdul Ghani Bhat.Institute of Peace and
    Conflict Studies.http://www.ipcs.org/pdf_file/issue/SR99-BhatInterview.pdf
     Oimstead, J. (November 2, 2014). “India-Pakistan Relations: A Destructive Equilibrium”.
    The Diplomat. Raghavan, P. (2013). The Finality of Partition: Bilateral Relations
    between India and Pakistan, 1947-1957 (Doctoral dissertation, University of Cambridge
     Javaid, J. (2012). Peace building in South Asia: Limitations and Prospectus. Lahore,
    University of the Punjab
     https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_Pakistani_history_(1947%E2%80%93present)
     https://beta.dawn.com/news/870991/the-mysterious-rann-of-kutch
     Hussain, J. (2006). Kargil: what migssht have happened? Dawns

    You might also like