Module 1 Lesson 2

MODULE 1: PROPERTIES OF MATTER
Lesson 2: Grouping Materials Based on Properties
Lesson Outcomes
1. Classified materials based on their ability to absorb water, float, sink and undergo decay; and
2. Identified the effects of decaying materials on one’s health and safety.
Lecture:
Properties of Matter
1. Buoyancy – the ability of materials to float in water. Some materials that float or sink exhibit the
property of buoyancy and density. This enable boast and ships to float. Density is a measure of the
amount of matter in a given volume of liquid. Formula of density (D=m/v). Example, the mass of a
metal washer is 10 grams and its volume is 20 cubic centimeters. Therefore, its density is 0.5 g/cm3.
* If the density of an object is less than the density of the liquid, the object will float. An object will sink if its
density is greater than that of the liquid.
2. Porosity – property of material that allows it to absorb water and other liquids. A material that is porous
like dishwashing sponge is an example of absorbent material. Other porous materials include cotton balls,
gauze, blankets and pillows. Non-absorbent or non-porous materials are those that do not absorb water
like plastic bags, canisters, cans and ceramic mugs.
3. Decomposition – property of materials to break down into simpler or smaller forms of matter. The
organic matter, they can easily decay after a few days. Biodegradable are all materials that decay. Non-
biodegrable refers to those that do not decay.
Factors affecting decomposition:
1. Presence or organism or decomposers that cause decay: Decomposers can be detritivores, fungi and
bacteria. Detritivores like earthworm breakdown plant and animal materials and feed on these. Fungi ,
like mushroom and ear fungi breakdown plant materials and cause decay at the same time feeding on
decayed materials. Bacteria are microorganisms that can be observed on dead animal bodies.
2. Temperature: The warmer the temperature, the faster is the decay process.
3. Moisture: Decomposers are present in moist places.
4. Exposure to elements: Air contain bacteria and other microorganisms.
5. Salt content of the materials: Salty foods usually decays slowly because decomposers cannot grow in a
salty environment.
Prepared by: GRACIE ANN M. DY – EED 5 Instructor

Reference: Teaching Science in the Elementary Grades
(Chemistry and Biology)
Activity 1: Classifying materials (float or sink, absorbent or non-absorbent)
Materials: basin (palangana); small objects such as stone, plastic spoon, silver teaspoon, one peso coin,
rubber ball, plastic toy, aluminum can, drinking water bottle cap, wood, pencil eraser, metal washer.
Problem 1: What materials can float or sink?

Procedure:
1. Place the basin half-filled with water on top of your laboratory table.
2. Predict what happens to the object when dropped into the pail. Write your answers on the second
column on the table below.
3. Now, drop one by one the object according to the list. Record the result on the third column by
marking a check (/) on the appropriate box.
Results:
Object Prediction Actual result (Check appropriate box)
float sink
Stone
Plastic spoon
Silver teaspoon
Can
Rubber ball
Plastic toy
Aluminum can
Drinking water bottle cap
Pencil eraser
Metal washer
Answer the following questions:
a. What materials float; sink?
b. What are the characteristics of materials that float; that sink?
Problem 2: What materials can absorb and not absorb water?

Materials:
cotton balls, facial towel, dish washing sponge, paper, aluminum foil, plastic cup, red bean seed, cork cover of
bottle, rubber slipper (portion only), plastic bottle with contents
Procedure:
1. Use the same basin in Problem 1.
2. Place all objects you brought to class at the same time. Wait for two minutes. Observe what happens
to the different objects.
3. List all objects that absorbed water. Do the same for those that did not absorb. Record your data in a
table with three columns.
4. Answer the following questions:
a. What characteristics made some materials absorb or not absorb water?
b. What is the importance of having materials in the house that can absorb water?
c. What is the use of materials that do not absorb water?

Activity 2: products of Decay and Effects on our Health
Activity 2.1: Materials that Decay
This is an out of the class activity
Materials: Dumping site of garbage in your place
Procedure:
1. Visit a dumping site of garbage in your locality or choose a place in your vicinity where you can observe
materials which are trashed. Observe the different materials in the garbage.
2. Identify materials which are partially decayed or did not undergo decaying process.
3. If you have a cellphone get a picture of the chosen study area.
4. Create a table to record your result.
5. Answer the following questions:
a. Which materials did not show sign of decay? Which materials are partially decayed?
b. What are the characteristics of materials that decay, that do not decay?
c. Is decaying process beneficial or harmful to us? Explain your answer.
d. List down products of decay that are harmful and useful to us.
e. What is the role of the decaying process to the environment? to the people?

Performance Task (individual)

Enhance your learning by writing a 200 word essay on the following given topics. Choose only one.
1. From garbage to food or from food to garbage
2. Effects of improper disposal of decaying materials on health
3. Survival during typhoons and floods
4. How will you survive flood applying the principle of buoyancy?
Let’s Reflect!
From our activities, reflect on the following
• Why should we separate wastes that decay from those that do not? Make a poster in a piece of recycled
page of a calendar or carton to show which waste can be allowed to decay, reused or recycled. You may
have three columns and use a crayons for your drawing.
• Write a two paragraph story of how materials at home have made your life easier.


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MODULE 1: PROPERTIES OF MATTER

Lesson 2: Grouping Materials Based on Properties

Factors affecting decomposition:

Prepared by: GRACIE ANN M. DY – EED 5 Instructor

Problem 1: What materials can float or sink?

Problem 2: What materials can absorb and not absorb water?

Prepared by: GRACIE ANN M. DY – EED 5 Instructor

Lesson 2: Grouping Materials Based on Properties

Activity 2: products of Decay and Effects on our Health

Activity 2.1: Materials that Decay

This is an out of the class activity

Materials: Dumping site of garbage in your place

Prepared by: GRACIE ANN M. DY – EED 5 Instructor

Lesson 2: Grouping Materials Based on Properties

Performance Task (individual)

1. From garbage to food or from food to garbage

2. Effects of improper disposal of decaying materials on health

3. Survival during typhoons and floods

4. How will you survive flood applying the principle of buoyancy?

From our activities, reflect on the following

Prepared by: GRACIE ANN M. DY – EED 5 Instructor

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