Compilation On Huququ'llah

1
Ḥuqúqu‟lláh—The Right of God

Compiled by the Research Department of the Universal House of Justice,
Bahá‟í World Centre, April 2007
1. Foundations of the Law of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh ............................................................... 3
2. Application of the Law of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh .............................................................. 13
3. Functions of the Trustees of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh and the Spiritual Assemblies ............ 28
4. Disbursement of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh Funds .................................................................. 35
A Compilation of Extracts from the Writings of Bahá‟u‟lláh and „Abdu‟l-Bahá and from Letters
Written by and on Behalf of Shoghi Effendi and the Universal House of Justice
April 2007
1
2
2
3
1. Foundations of the Law of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh
Extracts from the Writings of Bahá’u’lláh
1. “Magnified art Thou, O Lord of the entire creation, the One unto Whom all…”
Magnified art Thou, O Lord of the entire creation, the One unto Whom all things must turn! With my
inner and outer tongues I bear witness that Thou hast manifested and revealed Thyself, sent down Thy
signs, and proclaimed Thy testimonies. I testify to Thy self-sufficiency from aught else except Thee,
and Thy sanctity above all earthly things. I entreat Thee by the transcendent glory of Thy Cause and
the supreme potency of Thy Word to grant confirmation unto him who desireth to offer what Thou
hast prescribed unto him in Thy Book and to observe that which will shed forth the fragrance of Thine
acceptance. Verily Thou art the Almighty, the All-Gracious, the All-Forgiving, the All-Generous.
2. “Thine intention to pay a visit to the blessed House is acceptable and…”

Thine intention to pay a visit to the blessed House is acceptable and well-pleasing in the sight of this
Wronged One….
Say: O people, the first duty is to recognize the one true God—magnified be His glory—the second is
to show forth constancy in His Cause and, after these, one‟s duty is to purify one‟s riches and earthly
possessions according to that which is prescribed by God. Therefore it beseemeth thee to meet thine
obligation to the Right of God first, then to direct thy steps toward His blessed House. This hath been
brought to thine attention as a sign of favour.
3. “Should anyone acquire one hundred mithqáls of gold,…”

Should anyone acquire one hundred mithqáls of gold, nineteen mithqáls thereof are God‟s and to be
rendered unto Him, the Fashioner of earth and heaven. Take heed, O people, lest ye deprive yourselves
of so great a bounty. This We have commanded you, though We are well able to dispense with you
and with all who are in the heavens and on earth; in it there are benefits and wisdoms beyond the ken
of anyone but God, the Omniscient, the All-Informed. Say: By this means He hath desired to purify
what ye possess and to enable you to draw nigh unto such stations as none can comprehend save those
whom God hath willed. He, in truth, is the Beneficent, the Gracious, the Bountiful. O people! Deal not
faithlessly with the Right of God, nor, without His leave, make free with its disposal. Thus hath His
commandment been established in the holy Tablets, and in this exalted Book. He who dealeth
faithlessly with God shall in justice meet with faithlessness himself; he, however, who acteth in
accordance with God‟s bidding shall receive a blessing from the heaven of the bounty of his Lord, the
Gracious, the Bestower, the Generous, the Ancient of Days. He, verily, hath willed for you that which
is yet beyond your knowledge, but which shall be known to you when, after this fleeting life, your
souls soar heavenwards and the trappings of your earthly joys are folded up. Thus admonisheth you He
in Whose possession is the Guarded Tablet.
(The Kitáb-i-Aqdas, par. 97)
4. “Nothing that existeth in the world of being hath ever been or will ever…”
Nothing that existeth in the world of being hath ever been or will ever be worthy of mention. However,
if a person be graciously favoured to offer a pennyworth—nay, even less—in the path of God, this
3
4
would in His sight be preferable and superior to all the treasures of the earth. It is for this reason that
the one true God—exalted be His glory—hath in all His heavenly Scriptures praised those who
observe His precepts and bestow their wealth for His sake. Beseech ye God that He may enable
everyone to discharge the obligation of Ḥuqúq, inasmuch as the progress and promotion of the Cause
of God depend on material means. If His faithful servants could realize how meritorious are
benevolent deeds in these days, they would all arise to do that which is meet and seemly. In His hand
is the source of authority and He ordaineth as He willeth. He is the Supreme Ruler, the Bountiful, the
Equitable, the Revealer, the All-Wise.
5. “For a number of years Ḥuqúq was not accepted….”

For a number of years Ḥuqúq was not accepted…. However, in recent years We have, in view of the
exigencies of the times, accepted the payment of the Ḥuqúq, but have forbidden solicitation thereof.
Everyone must have the utmost regard for the dignity of the Word of God and for the exaltation of His
Cause. Were a person to offer all the treasures of the earth at the cost of debasing the honour of the
Cause of God, were it even less than a grain of mustard, such an offering would not be permissible. All
the world hath belonged and will always belong to God. If one spontaneously offereth Ḥuqúq with the
utmost joy and radiance it will be acceptable, and not otherwise. The benefit of such deeds reverteth
unto the individuals themselves. This measure hath been ordained in view of the necessity for material
means, for “averse is God from putting aught into effect except through its means”. Thus instructions
were given to receive the Ḥuqúq.
6. “The one true God—exalted be His glory—hath ever been and will continue…”
The one true God—exalted be His glory—hath ever been and will continue to be exalted above every
expression of praise and is sanctified from the world of existence and all the riches therein.
Whatsoever proceedeth from Him produceth a fruit the benefits of which revert to the individuals
themselves. Erelong will they perceive the truth of that which the Tongue of Grandeur hath uttered
aforetime and will utter hereafter. And such benefits will indeed accrue if the Ḥuqúq is offered with
the utmost joy and radiance and in a spirit of perfect humility and lowliness.
7. “O Zayn! Such souls as comply with the injunction of God prescribed in…”
O Zayn! Such souls as comply with the injunction of God prescribed in the Book are regarded as most
excellent in the estimation of God. There can be no doubt that whatsoever is revealed from the heaven
of divine commandment is by virtue of His wisdom and is in the best interests of the people
themselves. Moreover, although these insignificant amounts are not worthy of mention, they are well
pleasing, since the donors offer them for the sake of God. If the offering be but a single grain it is
regarded as the crowning glory of all the harvests of the world.
8. “Whoso is privileged to pay the Right of God will be numbered with such…”
Whoso is privileged to pay the Right of God will be numbered with such as have observed the
ordinances of the one true God—magnified be His glory—and have fulfilled that which is set down by
the All-Glorious Pen.
Time and again have We written and commanded that no one should solicit such payment. The
offering of every person that voluntarily tendereth the Ḥuqúqu‟lláh with the utmost joy and pleasure
may be accepted, otherwise acceptance was not and is not permissible. Those that are oblivious of
their duty should be briefly reminded. Deeds must be performed with willingness, and in all
circumstances high regard must be given to the dignity of the Cause of God. Formerly We have
4
5
mentioned that were a person to possess the whole world and would tender his possessions at the cost
of degrading the honour of the Cause, even to the extent of a grain of mustard, it would be essential
and imperative to refuse to accept such wealth. Such is the Cause of God, eternal in the past, eternal in
the future. Well is it with them that act accordingly.
The ordinance prescribing the payment of Ḥuqúq is but a favour vouchsafed by the one true God—
exalted be His glory—and the benefits arising therefrom shall fall to the donors themselves. It
behoveth all to render thanks unto God, the Most Exalted, Who hath graciously enabled them to meet
the obligation of Ḥuqúq. We held back the Pen for a long period during which no instruction was
issued in this respect, until such time as the requirements of His inscrutable wisdom demanded the
acceptance of Ḥuqúq. “Averse is God from putting aught into effect except through its means.” It is
essential for certain people to receive aid, and others need attention and care, but all this must take
place by the leave of God, the Help in Peril, the Self-Subsisting.
9. “And now concerning what thou hast mentioned regarding the…”

And now concerning what thou hast mentioned regarding the Ḥuqúq. This hath been ordained
especially for the one true God—exalted be His glory—and should be forwarded to the court of His
Holy Presence. In His grasp is the source of authority. He doeth what He pleaseth and ordaineth what
He chooseth….
This ordinance is binding upon everyone, and by observing it one will be raised to honour inasmuch as
it will serve to purify one‟s possessions and will impart blessing, and added prosperity. However, the
people are as yet ignorant of its significance. They continually endeavour to amass riches by lawful or
unlawful means in order to transmit them to their heirs, and this to what advantage, no one can tell.
Say: In this day the true Heir is the Word of God, since the underlying purpose of inheritance is the
preservation of the name and traces of men. It is indubitably clear that the passing of centuries and
ages will obliterate these signs, while every word that hath streamed from the Pen of Glory in honour
of a certain individual will last as long as the dominions of earth and heaven will endure.
10. “This is the Book of Generosity which hath been revealed by the King of…”
This is the Book of Generosity which hath been revealed by the King of Eternity. Whoso adorneth
himself with this virtue hath distinguished himself and will be blessed by the All-Merciful from His
exalted Kingdom of Glory. However, despite his high rank and prominent position, were he to pass
beyond the limits, he would be regarded as among the prodigal by the All-Knowing, the All-Wise.
Cling ye unto moderation. This is the commandment that He Who is the All-Possessing, the Most
High hath enjoined upon you in His Generous Book. O ye that are the exponents of generosity and the
manifestations thereof! Be generous unto them whom ye find in manifest poverty. O ye that are
possessed of riches! Take heed lest outward appearance deter you from benevolent deeds in the path of
God, the Lord of all mankind.
Say: I swear by God! No one is despised in the sight of the Almighty for being poor. Rather is he
exalted, if he is found to be of them who are patient. Blessed are the poor that are steadfast in patience,
and woe betide the rich that hold back Ḥuqúqu‟lláh and fail to observe that which is enjoined upon
them in His Preserved Tablet.
Say: Pride not yourselves on earthly riches ye possess. Reflect upon your end and upon the
recompense for your works that hath been ordained in the Book of God, the Exalted, the Mighty.
Blessed is the rich man whom earthly possessions have been powerless to hinder from turning unto
5
6
God, the Lord of all names. Verily he is accounted among the most distinguished of men before God,
the Gracious, the All-Knowing.
Say: The appointed Day is come. This is the Springtime of benevolent deeds, were ye of them that
comprehend. Strive ye with all your might, O people, that ye may bring forth that which will truly
profit you in the worlds of your Lord, the All-Glorious, the All-Praised.
Say: Hold ye fast unto praiseworthy characteristics and goodly deeds and be not of them that tarry. It
behoveth everyone to cleave tenaciously unto that which is conducive to the exaltation of the Cause of
God, your Lord, the Mighty, the Powerful.
Say: Behold ye not the world, its changes and chances, and its varying colours? Wherefore are ye
satisfied with it and with all the things therein? Open your eyes and be of them that are endued with
insight. The day is fast approaching when all these things will have vanished as fast as the lightning,
nay even faster. Unto this beareth witness the Lord of the Kingdom in this wondrous Tablet.
Wert thou to be enraptured by the uplifting ecstasy of the verses of God, thou wouldst yield thanks
unto thy Lord and say: “Praise be unto Thee, O Desire of the hearts of them that hasten to meet Thee!”
Rejoice then with exceeding gladness, inasmuch as the Pen of Glory hath turned unto thee and hath
revealed in thy honour that which the tongues of creation and the tongues of transcendence are
powerless to describe.
11. “It is incumbent upon everyone to discharge the obligation of…”

It is incumbent upon everyone to discharge the obligation of Ḥuqúq. The advantages gained from this
deed revert to the persons themselves. However, the acceptance of the offerings dependeth on the
spirit of joy, fellowship and contentment that the righteous souls who fulfil this injunction will
manifest. If such is the attitude, acceptance is permissible and not otherwise. Verily thy Lord is the
All-Sufficing, the All-Praised.
12. “It is clear and evident that the payment of the Right of God is…”
It is clear and evident that the payment of the Right of God is conducive to prosperity, to blessing, and
to honour and divine protection. Well is it with them that comprehend and recognize this truth and woe
betide them that believe not. And this is on condition that the individual should observe the injunctions
prescribed in the Book with the utmost radiance, gladness and willing acquiescence. It behoveth you to
counsel the friends to do that which is right and praiseworthy. Whoso hearkeneth to this call, it is to
his own behoof, and whoso faileth bringeth loss upon himself. Verily our Lord of Mercy is the All-
Sufficing, the All-Praised.
13. “Ḥuqúqu‟lláh is indeed a great law. It is incumbent…”

Ḥuqúqu‟lláh is indeed a great law. It is incumbent upon all to make this offering, because it is the
source of grace, abundance, and of all good. It is a bounty which shall remain with every soul in every
world of the worlds of God, the All-Possessing, the All-Bountiful.
14. “In this day it is incumbent upon everyone to serve the Cause of God,…”
In this day it is incumbent upon everyone to serve the Cause of God, while He Who is the Eternal
Truth—exalted be His glory—hath made the fulfilment of every undertaking on earth dependent on
material means. Hence it is enjoined upon every individual to offer that which is the Right of God.
6
7
15. “Great God! In this glorious Dispensation the treasures laid up by kings…”
Great God! In this glorious Dispensation the treasures laid up by kings and queens are not worthy of
mention, nor will they be acceptable in the Presence of God. However, a grain of mustard offered by
His loved ones will be extolled in the exalted court of His holiness and invested with the ornament of
His acceptance. Immeasurably exalted is His bounty, immeasurably glorified is His majesty.
16. “The benefits accruing from benevolent works shall fall to the…”
The benefits accruing from benevolent works shall fall to the individuals concerned. In such matters
only a word would suffice. Should anyone offer Ḥuqúq with utmost joy and radiance, manifesting a
spirit of resignation and content, his offering shall be acceptable before God, otherwise He can
dispense with all the peoples of the earth…. Well is it with them that have fulfilled that which is
prescribed in the Book of God. It is incumbent upon everyone to observe that which God hath
purposed, for whatsoever hath been set forth in the Book by the Pen of Glory is an effective means for
the purging, the purification and sanctification of the souls of men and a source of prosperity and
blessing. Happy are they that have observed His commandments.
No goodly deed was or will ever be lost, for benevolent acts are treasures preserved with God for the
benefit of those who act. Blessed the servant and the maidservant who have fulfilled their obligation in
the path of God our Lord, the Lord of all worlds…. The Right of God must be paid whenever possible
and should be offered in a spirit of joy and radiance. Those that are unable to pay will be invested with
the ornament of His forgiveness.
17. “There can be no doubt that whatsoever hath been revealed from the…”
There can be no doubt that whatsoever hath been revealed from the All-Glorious Pen, be it ordinances
or prohibitions, conferreth benefits upon the believers themselves. For example, among the
commandments is that of the Ḥuqúqu‟lláh. If the people attain the privilege of paying the Ḥuqúq, the
one true God—exalted be His glory—will of a certainty confer blessing upon them. Moreover, such
payment will enable them and their offspring to benefit from their possessions. As thou dost observe,
large portions of people‟s wealth are lost to them as God causeth strangers, or heirs in comparison with
whom strangers would have been preferable, to lay hands on their possessions.
God‟s consummate wisdom is far beyond any description or fitting mention. Verily, people see with
their own eyes and yet deny; they are aware, yet they pretend not to know. Had they observed the
ordinance of God they would have attained the good of this world and the next.
18. “The question of the Ḥuqúq dependeth on the willingness…”

The question of the Ḥuqúq dependeth on the willingness of the individuals themselves. From every
true believer who is willing to tender the Right of God spontaneously and with the utmost joy and
radiance, the offering is graciously acceptable, but not otherwise. Verily, thy Lord is independent of all
mankind. Consider thou that which the All-Merciful hath revealed in the Qur‟án: “O men! Ye are but
paupers in need of God, but God is the Self-Sufficient, the All-Praised.” 2
At all times one must have the utmost regard for the dignity and honour of the Cause of God.
2
Qur’án 35:15.
7
8
19. “Thou hast written that they have pledged themselves to observe
maximum…”
Thou hast written that they have pledged themselves to observe maximum austerity in their lives with
a view to forwarding the remainder of their income to His exalted presence. This matter was
mentioned at His holy court. He said: Let them act with moderation and not impose hardship upon
themselves. We would like them both to enjoy a life that is well-pleasing.
20. “There is a prescribed ruling for the Ḥuqúqu‟lláh….”

There is a prescribed ruling for the Ḥuqúqu‟lláh. After the House of Justice hath come into being, the
law thereof will be made manifest, in conformity with the Will of God.
21. “Glorified art Thou, O my compassionate Lord! I entreat Thee by the…”

Glorified art Thou, O my compassionate Lord! I entreat Thee by the tumult of the ocean of Thy holy
utterance, and by the manifold tokens of Thy supreme sovereignty, and the compelling evidences of
Thy Divinity, and the hidden mysteries that lie concealed within Thy knowledge, to give me Thy grace
to serve Thee and Thy chosen ones, and enable me to dutifully offer Thy Ḥuqúq which Thou hast
ordained in Thy Book.
I am the one, O my Lord, who hath set his affections on Thy realm of glory, and hath clung
tenaciously to the hem of Thy generosity. O Thou Who art the Lord of all being and the Ruler of the
kingdom of names, I beseech Thee not to deny me the things Thou dost possess, nor to withhold from
me that which Thou hast ordained for Thy chosen ones.
I implore Thee, O Lord of all names and Creator of the heavens, to assist me to be steadfast in Thy
Cause, through Thy strengthening grace, in such wise that the vanities of the world may not suffer me
to be shut out as by a veil, nor to be hindered by the violent commotions of the wicked-doers who have
risen up to lead Thy people astray in Thy days. Destine for me then, O my heart‟s Desire, the good of
this world and the world to come. Verily Thou art powerful to do as Thou willest. No God is there but
Thee, the Ever-Forgiving, the Most Generous.
Extracts from the Writings of ‘Abdu’l-Bahá
22. “O friends of „Abdu‟l-Bahá! The Lord, as a sign of His…”

O friends of „Abdu‟l-Bahá! The Lord, as a sign of His infinite bounties, hath graciously favored His
servants by providing for a fixed money offering (Ḥuqúq), to be dutifully presented unto Him, though
He, the True One and His servants have been at all times independent of all created things, and God
verily is the All-Possessing, exalted above the need of any gift from His creatures. This fixed money
offering, however, causeth the people to become firm and steadfast and draweth Divine increase upon
them.
(Will and Testament of ‘Abdu’l-Bahá (Wilmette: Bahá‟í Publishing Trust, 1944, 1997 printing), p. 15)
8
9
23. “As preordained by the Fountain-head of Creation, the temple of the

world…”
As preordained by the Fountain-head of Creation, the temple of the world hath been fashioned after
the image and likeness of the human body. In fact each mirroreth forth the image of the other, wert
thou but to observe with discerning eyes. By this is meant that even as the human body in this world,
which is outwardly composed of different limbs and organs, is in reality a closely integrated, coherent
entity, similarly the structure of the physical world is like unto a single being whose limbs and
members are inseparably linked together.
Were one to observe with an eye that discovereth the realities of all things, it would become clear that
the greatest relationship that bindeth the world of being together lieth in the range of created things
themselves, and that co-operation, mutual aid and reciprocity are essential characteristics in the unified
body of the world of being, inasmuch as all created things are closely related together and each is
influenced by the other or deriveth benefit therefrom, either directly or indirectly.
Consider for instance how one group of created things constituteth the vegetable kingdom, and another
the animal kingdom. Each of these two maketh use of certain elements in the air on which its own life
dependeth, while each increaseth the quantity of such elements as are essential for the life of the other.
In other words, the growth and development of the vegetable world is impossible without the existence
of the animal kingdom, and the maintenance of animal life is inconceivable without the co-operation
of the vegetable kingdom. Of like kind are the relationships that exist among all created things. Hence
it was stated that co-operation and reciprocity are essential properties which are inherent in the unified
system of the world of existence, and without which the entire creation would be reduced to
nothingness.
In surveying the vast range of creation thou shalt perceive that the higher a kingdom of created things
is on the arc of ascent, the more conspicuous are the signs and evidences of the truth that co-operation
and reciprocity at the level of a higher order are greater than those that exist at the level of a lower
order. For example, the evident signs of this fundamental reality are more discernible in the vegetable
kingdom than in the mineral, and still more manifest in the animal world than in the vegetable.
And thus when contemplating the human world thou beholdest this wondrous phenomenon shining
resplendent from all sides with the utmost perfection, inasmuch as in this station acts of co-operation,
mutual assistance and reciprocity are not confined to the body and to things that pertain to the material
world, but for all conditions, whether physical or spiritual, such as those related to minds, thoughts,
opinions, manners, customs, attitudes, understandings, feelings or other human susceptibilities. In all
these thou shouldst find these binding relationships securely established. The more this
interrelationship is strengthened and expanded, the more will human society advance in progress and
prosperity. Indeed without these vital ties it would be wholly impossible for the world of humanity to
attain true felicity and success.
Now consider, if among the people who are merely the manifestations of the world of being this
significant matter is of such importance, how much greater must be the spirit of co-operation and
mutual assistance among those who are the essences of the world of creation, who have sought the
sheltering shadow of the heavenly Tree, and are favoured by the manifestations of divine grace; and
how the evidences of this spirit should, through their earnest endeavour, their fellowship and concord,
become manifest in every sphere of their inner and outer lives, in the realm of the spirit and divine
mysteries and in all things related to this world and the next. Thus there can be no doubt that they must
be willing even to offer up their lives for each other.
9
10
This is the basic principle on which the institution of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh is established, inasmuch as its
proceeds are dedicated to the furtherance of these ends. Otherwise the one true God hath ever been and
will always be independent of all else beside Him. Even as He hath enabled all created things to
partake of His boundless grace and loving-kindness, likewise is He able to bestow riches upon His
loved ones out of the treasuries of His power. However, the wisdom of this command is that the act of
giving is well-pleasing in the sight of God. Consider how well-pleasing must this mighty act be in His
estimation that He hath ascribed it unto His Own Self. Rejoice ye then, O people of generosity!
We earnestly hope that in this Most Great Cycle the wondrous attributes of the All-Merciful may,
through the infinite bounty and blessings of the King of Glory, find expression in the lives of the
servants of God in such wise that the sweet savours thereof will shed fragrance upon all regions.
This matter needeth further details, but We have treated it in brief.
24. “O my heavenly friends! It is certain and evident that the Incomparable…”

O my heavenly friends! It is certain and evident that the Incomparable One is always praised for His
absolute wealth, distinguished for His all-embracing mercy, characterized by His eternal grace, and
known for His gifts to the world of existence. Nonetheless, in accordance with His inscrutable wisdom
and in order to apply a unique test to distinguish the friend from the stranger, He hath enjoined the
Ḥuqúq upon His servants and made it obligatory.
Those who have observed this weighty ordinance have received heavenly blessings and in both worlds
their faces have shone radiantly and their nostrils have been perfumed by the sweet savours of God‟s
tender mercy. One of the tokens of His consummate wisdom is that the payment of the Ḥuqúq will
enable the donors to become firm and steadfast and will exert a great influence on their hearts and
souls. Furthermore, the Ḥuqúq will be used for charitable purposes.
25. “The Blessed Beauty—may my life be offered up for His Dust—hath…”

The Blessed Beauty—may my life be offered up for His Dust—hath emphasized through His decisive
Word that the utmost honesty hath to be observed in matters related to the Ḥuqúq. The institution of
Ḥuqúq is sacred.
26. “Render thou thanks unto God, for He hath graciously enabled thee to…”
Render thou thanks unto God, for He hath graciously enabled thee to observe the injunction set forth in
His Most Holy Book, inasmuch as thou hast arisen to fulfil the obligation of Ḥuqúq, and God hath
accepted thy goodly deed.
Know thou, moreover, that those who faithfully serve the All-Merciful will be enriched by Him out of
His heavenly treasury, and that the Ḥuqúq offering is but a test applied by Him unto His servants and
maidservants. Thus every true and sincere believer will offer Ḥuqúq to be expended for the relief of
the poor, the disabled, the needy, and the orphans, and for other vital needs of the Cause of God, even
as Christ did establish a Fund for benevolent purposes.
10
11
Extract from a Letter Written on Behalf of Shoghi Effendi
27. “Great is the recompense that God has ordained for the true and devoted…”
Great is the recompense that God has ordained for the true and devoted souls, the pure and detached
beings who have spontaneously bequeathed a portion of their earthly possessions to the Cause of God,
either during their own lifetimes or through their wills, and have had the privilege and honour of
discharging their obligations to Ḥuqúqu‟lláh.
Give assurance on my behalf to the donors and to the survivors of those who have ascended unto God,
affirming that these efforts and donations are bound to attract divine confirmations, heavenly blessings
and incalculable favours, and to promote the manifold interests of the International Bahá‟í
Community. Well is it with them, inasmuch as God has enabled them to fulfil that which shall elevate
their stations in this world and in the world to come.
(23 June 1945, to an individual believer, translated from the Persian)
Extracts from Letters Written by and on Behalf of the Universal House of

Justice
28. “Such an exceptional confluence of imminent achievements—the

publication…”
Such an exceptional confluence of imminent achievements—the publication of the Kitáb-i-Aqdas, the
progress of the building projects on Mount Carmel, the conclusion of the Six Year Plan, the inception
of the Holy Year—animates the expectations of the Bahá‟í world, sets the stage for mightier
endeavours than have already been attempted, and points us all to the opening of a new phase of
history. It seems fitting, then, that the sacred law which enables each one to express his or her personal
sense of devotion to God in a profoundly private act of conscience that promotes the common good,
which directly connects the individual believer with the Central Institution of the Faith, and which,
above all, ensures to the obedient and the sincere the ineffable grace and abundant blessings of
Providence, should, at this favourable juncture, be embraced by all who profess their belief in the
Supreme Manifestation of God. With humility before our sovereign Lord, we now announce that as of
Riḍván 1992, the beginning of the Holy Year, the Law of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh, the Right of God, will become
universally applicable. All are lovingly called to observe it.
(Riḍván 1991, written by the Universal House of Justice to the Bahá‟ís of the world)
29. “And now, amid the eager anticipations occasioned by the two major…”
And now, amid the eager anticipations occasioned by the two major commemorative events 3 and by
the imminent publication of the Mother Book of the Bahá‟í Revelation, the Law of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh takes
effect as part of the constant practice of the members of our entire world community. May the
promised divine bounties associated with the activation of this holy law be showered upon the beloved
of the Lord in every land.
3
A reference to the solemn occasion of the one hundredth anniversary of the Ascension of Bahá’u’lláh and the celebration of the
centenary of the inauguration of His mighty Covenant.
11
12
30. “It is the ardent hope of the Universal House of Justice that the spirit…”
It is the ardent hope of the Universal House of Justice that the spirit of the Holy Year and the effect of
obedience to the Law of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh will produce a quickening of the believers‟ awareness of the
sacred character of the funds of the Faith and of the essential part they play in carrying out the purpose
of Bahá‟u‟lláh‟s Revelation.
(19 June 1992, written on behalf of the Universal House of Justice to a National Spiritual Assembly)
31. “The institution of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh will, during the course…”

The institution of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh will, during the course of this Dispensation, contribute to the
spiritualization of humanity through the promotion of a new attitude to the acquisition and use of
material resources. It will provide the material resources necessary for great collective enterprises
designed to improve all aspects of life, and will be a powerful element in the growth of a world
civilization.
(12 January 2003, written by the Universal House of Justice to the Deputies and Representatives of the
institution of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh)
32. “As to your fear over money, the acquisition of wealth is not in itself a…”
As to your fear over money, the acquisition of wealth is not in itself a fearsome objective, it is a
practical necessity. The problem with wealth arises from inappropriate attitudes toward possessing and
using it. In this regard, you may find it helpful to read the Hidden Words (Persian) numbers 80, 81 and
82. As in so many other aspects of personal life, Bahá‟u‟lláh‟s teachings provide a means for
safeguarding us from the test of wealth by ordaining the law of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh, providing the opportunity
to contribute to the Bahá‟í Funds, and encouraging philanthropic endeavors for the well-being of all.
(7 October 2005, written on behalf of the Universal House of Justice to an individual believer)
12
13
2. Application of the Law of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh
33. “They that have kept their promises, fulfilled their obligations,…”
They that have kept their promises, fulfilled their obligations, redeemed their pledges and vows,
rendered the Trust of God and His Right unto Him—these are numbered among the inmates of the all-
highest Paradise. Thus from His mighty Prison doth the Wronged One announce unto them this glad-
tiding. Blessed are the servants and maidservants that have performed their deeds and blessed is the
man that hath cleaved tenaciously unto praiseworthy acts and fulfilled that which is enjoined upon him
in the Book of God, the Lord of the worlds.
34. “The payment of the Right of God is conditional upon one‟s financial…”
The payment of the Right of God is conditional upon one‟s financial ability. If a person is unable to
meet his obligation, God will verily excuse him. He is the All-Forgiving, the All-Generous.
35. “Question: Concerning the basic sum on which…”

Question: Concerning the basic sum on which Ḥuqúqu‟lláh is payable.
Answer: The basic sum on which Ḥuqúqu‟lláh is payable is nineteen mithqáls of gold. In other words,
when money to the value of this sum hath been acquired, a payment of Ḥuqúq falleth due. Likewise
Ḥuqúq is payable when the value, not the number, of other forms of property reacheth the prescribed
amount. Ḥuqúqu‟lláh is payable no more than once. A person, for instance, who acquireth a thousand
mithqáls of gold, and payeth the Ḥuqúq, is not liable to make a further such payment on this sum, but
only on what accrueth to it through commerce, business and the like. When this increase, namely the
profit realized, reacheth the prescribed sum, one must carry out what God hath decreed. Only when the
principal changeth hands is it once more subject to payment of Ḥuqúq, as it was the first time. The
Primal Point hath directed that Ḥuqúqu‟lláh must be paid on the value of whatsoever one possesseth;
yet, in this Most Mighty Dispensation, We have exempted the household furnishings, that is such
furnishings as are needed, and the residence itself.
(The Kitáb-i-Aqdas: The Most Holy Book, Questions and Answers, no. 8)
36. “Question: Which is to take precedence: the…”

Question: Which is to take precedence: the Ḥuqúqu‟lláh, the debts of the deceased or the cost of the
funeral and burial?
Answer: The funeral and burial take precedence, then settlement of debts, then payment of
Ḥuqúqu‟lláh. Should the property of the deceased prove insufficient to cover his debts, the remainder
of his estate should be distributed among these debts in proportion to their size.
13
14
37. “Question: The ordinance of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh is…”

Question: The ordinance of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh is revealed in the Kitáb-i-Aqdas. Is the residence, with the
accompanying fixtures and necessary furnishings, included in the property on which Ḥuqúq is payable,
or is it otherwise?
Answer: In the laws revealed in Persian We have ordained that in this Most Mighty Dispensation the
residence and the household furnishings are exempt—that is, such furnishings as are necessary.
38. “Question: If a person hath, for example, a hundred…”

Question: If a person hath, for example, a hundred túmáns, payeth the Ḥuqúq on this sum, loseth half
the sum in unsuccessful transactions and then, through trading, the amount in hand is raised again to
the sum on which Ḥuqúq is due—must such a person pay Ḥuqúq or not?
Answer: In such an event the Ḥuqúq is not payable.
2.1.7. 39. “Question: If, after payment of Ḥuqúq, this…”
Question: If, after payment of Ḥuqúq, this same sum of one hundred túmáns is lost in its entirety, but
subsequently regained through trade and business dealings, must Ḥuqúq be paid a second time or not?
Answer: In this event as well, payment of Ḥuqúq is not required.
40. “Question: May a person, in drawing up his will, assign some…”

Question: May a person, in drawing up his will, assign some portion of his property—beyond that
which is devoted to payment of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh and the settlement of debts—to works of charity, or is he
entitled to do no more than allocate a certain sum to cover funeral and burial expenses, so that the rest
of his estate will be distributed in the manner fixed by God among the designated categories of heirs?
Answer: A person hath full jurisdiction over his property. If he is able to discharge the Ḥuqúqu‟lláh,
and is free of debt, then all that is recorded in his will, and any declaration or avowal it containeth,
shall be acceptable. God, verily, hath permitted him to deal with that which He hath bestowed upon
him in whatever manner he may desire.
41. “Question: If the deceased hath not settled his obligation to…”
Question: If the deceased hath not settled his obligation to Ḥuqúqu‟lláh, nor paid his other debts, are
these to be discharged by proportionate deductions from the residence, personal clothing and the rest
of the estate, or are the residence and personal clothing set aside for the male offspring, and
consequently the debts must be settled from the rest of the estate? And if the rest of the estate is
insufficient for this purpose, how should the debts be settled?
14
15
Answer: Outstanding debts and payments of Ḥuqúq should be settled from the remainder of the estate,
but if this is insufficient for the purpose, the shortfall should be met from his residence and personal
clothing.
42. “Question: When one‟s wealth exceeds nineteen, is it necessary…”

Question: When one‟s wealth exceeds nineteen, is it necessary for it to increase by a further nineteen
before Ḥuqúq is due again, or would it be due on any increase?
Answer: Any amount added to nineteen is exempt from Ḥuqúq until it reacheth a further nineteen.
43. “Question: Regarding the appointments of a place of business,…”

Question: Regarding the appointments of a place of business, which are needed for carrying on one‟s
work or profession: are they subject to the payment of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh, or are they covered by the same
ruling as the household furnishings?
Answer: They are covered by the same ruling as the household furnishings.
44. “The minimum amount subject to Ḥuqúqu‟lláh is reached…”

The minimum amount subject to Ḥuqúqu‟lláh is reached when one‟s possessions are worth the number
of Váḥid; 4 that is, whenever one owneth nineteen mithqáls of gold, or acquireth possessions attaining
this value, after having deducted therefrom the yearly expenses, the Ḥuqúq becometh applicable and
its payment is obligatory.
45. “It hath been decreed by God that a property which is not lucrative, that…”
It hath been decreed by God that a property which is not lucrative, that is, yieldeth no profit, is not
subject to the payment of Ḥuqúq. Verily He is the Ordainer, the Bountiful.
Extracts from the Writings of ‘Abdu’l-Bahá
46. “Thou hast enquired about the Ḥuqúq. From one‟s annual…”
Thou hast enquired about the Ḥuqúq. From one‟s annual income, all expenses during the year are
deductible, and on what is left 19% is payable to the Ḥuqúq. Thus, a person hath earned £1,000
income out of his business. After deducting his annual expenses of, say, £600, he would have a surplus
of £400 on which Ḥuqúq is payable at the rate of 19%. This would amount to £76 to be offered for
charitable purposes to the Ḥuqúq.
The Ḥuqúq is not levied on one‟s entire possessions each year. A person‟s wealth may be worth
£100,000. How can he be expected to pay Ḥuqúq on this property every year? For instance, whatever
income thou hast earned in a particular year, you should deduct from it your expenses during that year.
4
Nineteen.
15
16
The Ḥuqúq will then be payable on the remainder. Possessions on which Ḥuqúq was paid the previous
year will be exempt from further payment.
47. “As to the Ḥuqúq, it is payable on whatever is left over…”

As to the Ḥuqúq, it is payable on whatever is left over after deducting one‟s yearly expenses.
However, any money or possession which is necessary in producing income for one‟s subsistence, and
on which Ḥuqúq hath once been paid, is exempt from Ḥuqúq. This exemption also applieth to a
property on which Ḥuqúq hath already been paid, and the income of which doth not exceed one‟s
needs…. Disposition of the Ḥuqúq, wholly or partly, is permissible, but this should be done by
permission of the authority in the Cause to whom all must turn.
48. “Ḥuqúq is applied on everything one possesseth….”

Ḥuqúq is applied on everything one possesseth. However, if a person hath paid the Ḥuqúq on a certain
property, and the income from that property is equal to his needs, no Ḥuqúq is payable by that person.
Ḥuqúq is not payable on agricultural tools and equipment, and on animals used in ploughing the land,
to the extent that these are necessary.
49. “As to the way the Ḥuqúq must be paid: Having deducted…”
As to the way the Ḥuqúq must be paid: Having deducted the expenses incurred during the year, any
excess of income derived from one‟s property, profession or business is subject to the payment of
Ḥuqúq.
Extracts from the Utterances of ‘Abdu’l-Bahá
50. “Question: As to the matter of Ḥuqúq, does it mean…”

Question: As to the matter of Ḥuqúq, does it mean 1/19th of one‟s net income or one‟s gross income?
For example, in America, there is a tax on the gross income, after certain exemptions are made. How is
the Ḥuqúq to be worked out?
Answer: The substance of „Abdu‟l-Bahá‟s explanation was: After one has paid all his necessary
expenses 19% of what is left is then taken by him and given as Ḥuqúq. For example, if a person has
100 piastres left after all his expenses have been paid, then 19 piastres are taken as Ḥuqúq for the
Cause of God. This is done at the end of the year after he has ascertained what his expenses are. For
every hundred piastres, 19 are taken for Ḥuqúq.
He pays this once, then there is no more Ḥuqúq to be paid on that sum. It is finished. Next year he will
pay on the amount he has left over in his possession after his expenses have been deducted, and after
the amount he paid Ḥuqúq on the previous year is also deducted.
For example, at the end of the first year a man has 1000 piastres left after all his expenses are paid,
then 190 piastres are taken as Ḥuqúq: at the end of the next year after all expenses are determined, he
may have 2000 piastres left. As he has already paid Ḥuqúq on 1000 piastres the previous year this sum
is deducted from the 2000 and he pays Ḥuqúq on 1000 piastres (or 190 piastres). The third year the net
amount of what he owns may be 2500 piastres, he deducts 2000 piastres from this amount and pays
16
17
19% on 500 piastres or 95 piastres. If at the end of the 4th year he has 2500 piastres, no Ḥuqúq is
taken.
Question: In the deduction of our necessary expenses, are contributions to the Mashriqu‟l-Adhkár,
teaching and other activities of the Cause considered a part of Ḥuqúq or should they be taken
separately?
Answer: „Abdu‟l-Bahá replied that Ḥuqúq was separate and independent of these and came first. After
that had been determined then the other affairs could be looked after. He smiled and said when Ḥuqúq
is given „Abdu‟l-Bahá will ascertain how much of it is for the Mashriqu‟l-Adhkár, how much for
teaching and how much for the needy, etc.
(Interview with „Abdu‟l-Bahá, 26 November 1919, note in the handwriting of Shoghi Effendi circa
1920. Questions posed in a letter from George O. Latimer, undated)
Extracts from Letters Written by and on Behalf of Shoghi Effendi
51. “Regarding the Ḥuqúqu‟lláh … this is applied to one‟s…”

Regarding the Ḥuqúqu‟lláh … this is applied to one‟s merchandise, property and income. After
deducting the necessary expenses, whatever is left as profit, and is an addition to one‟s capital, such a
sum is subject to Ḥuqúq. When one has paid Ḥuqúq once on a particular sum, that sum is no longer
subject to Ḥuqúq, unless it should pass from one person to another. One‟s residence and the household
furnishings are exempt from Ḥuqúq. Ḥuqúqu‟lláh is paid to the Centre of the Cause.
(April/May 1927, written on behalf of Shoghi Effendi to an individual believer, translated from the
Persian)
52. “You will find references to the Ḥuqúq in the book of…”
You will find references to the Ḥuqúq in the book of Aqdas…. All matters not specifically provided by
Bahá‟u‟lláh are to be referred to the Universal House of Justice.
(Postscript in the handwriting of Shoghi Effendi, appended to a letter dated 16 December 1927 written
on his behalf to an individual believer)
53. “One mithqál consists of nineteen nukhuds. The…”

One mithqál consists of nineteen nukhuds. The weight of twenty-four nukhuds equals four and three-
fifths grammes. Calculations may be made on this basis.
(17 November 1937, written on behalf of Shoghi Effendi to an individual believer, translated from the
Persian)
54. “Concerning your question whether the heirs to whom the principal…”
Concerning your question whether the heirs to whom the principal residence, furniture and clothing of
the deceased are transferred by way of inheritance will be exempt from the payment of Ḥuqúq or not,
he said: Since the residence, furniture and the tools of trade have, in accordance with the explicit Text,
been granted exemption from the Ḥuqúq, therefore when the transfer of ownership takes place such
possessions continue to be exempt.
17
18
(29 September 1942, written on behalf of Shoghi Effendi to the National Spiritual Assembly of Iran,
translated from the Persian)

Justice
55. “Some of the dear friends who observe their Ḥuqúqu‟lláh…”

Some of the dear friends who observe their Ḥuqúqu‟lláh obligations have written asking about the
relationship that exists between contribution to the Funds and the payment of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh. That is, if a
person who intends to meet his Ḥuqúqu‟lláh obligations offers contributions to other Funds and
projects instead, would he be exempted from the payment of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh or not?
The Holy Texts relevant to this matter are clear but, since this question has been repeatedly asked by
the friends, it was decided to elucidate it for their information.
Payment of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh is a spiritual obligation binding on the people of Bahá. The injunction is laid
down in the Most Holy Book, and clear and conclusive explanations are embodied in various Tablets.
Every devoted believer who is able to meet the specified conditions, must pay the Ḥuqúqu‟lláh,
without any exception. Indeed according to the explicit Text of the Most Holy Book, failure to comply
with this injunction is regarded as a betrayal of trust, and the divine call: “Whoso dealeth dishonestly 5
with God will in justice be exposed”, is a clear reference to such people.
The Centre of the Covenant has affirmed the obligation of Ḥuqúq in these words: “The Lord as a sign
of His infinite bounties hath graciously favoured His servants by providing for a fixed money offering,
6
to be dutifully presented unto Him, though He, the True One and His servants have been at all times
independent of all created things.”
This weighty ordinance, as testified by the Pen of Glory is invested with incalculable benefit and
wisdom. It purifies one‟s possessions, averts loss and disaster, conduces to prosperity and honour and
imparts divine increase and blessing. It is a sacrifice offered for and related to God, and an act of
servitude leading to the promotion of His Cause. As affirmed by the Centre of the Covenant, Ḥuqúq
offerings constitute a test for the believers and enable the friends to become firm and steadfast in faith
and certitude.
In brief, payment of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh is one of the binding spiritual responsibilities of the followers of
Bahá‟u‟lláh and the proceeds thereof revert to the Authority in the Cause to whom all must turn.
Moreover, the Ancient Beauty—magnified be His praise—has affirmed that after the establishment of
the Universal House of Justice necessary rulings would be enacted in this connection in conformity
with that which God has purposed, and that no one, except the Authority to which all must turn, has
the right to dispose of this Fund. In other words, whatever portion of one‟s wealth is due to the
Ḥuqúqu‟lláh belongs to the World Centre of the Cause of God, not to the individuals concerned.
Thus the friends should not follow their own volition and judgement in using any of the funds set aside
for Ḥuqúqu‟lláh for any other purpose, even for charitable contributions of the Faith.
5
The word “dishonestly” has been replaced with the word “faithlessly” in the authorized English translation of the Kitáb-i-Aqdas.
See extract 3 in this compilation.
6
Ḥuqúq.
18
19
We earnestly hope that everyone may be privileged to observe this sacred and blessed obligation
which would ensure the attainment of true happiness and would serve to promote the execution of
Bahá‟í enterprises throughout the world.
(25 October 1970, written by the Universal House of Justice to the National Spiritual Assembly of
Iran, translated from the Persian)
56. “We are deeply touched by your loving letter of 27 December 1972…”
We are deeply touched by your loving letter of 27 December 1972 expressing the wish to follow the
Law of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh with respect to your inheritance from your mother….
This Law of the Aqdas stipulates that nineteen percent of one‟s capital is payable as Ḥuqúqu‟lláh when
such capital has reached an amount of at least “nineteen mithqáls in gold”…. In determining the
amount a believer should pay, he should first deduct any debts and expenses he may have, and pay
nineteen percent on the remainder of his capital if it is equal to at least nineteen mithqáls of gold.
…to observe this Law of the Aqdas …, you should determine the total value of your inheritance in
cash and other assets less any expenses of debts you may have, and consider the circumstances under
which you may be able to pay Ḥuqúqu‟lláh on the net value of your inheritance. The time and
conditions of payment are left to each individual.
For example, if one‟s assets include property or shares in addition to cash, he may find it
disadvantageous or inconvenient to pay nineteen percent of the value of the non-cash assets until they
are disposed of, at which time he would prefer to fulfill this spiritual obligation. Any expenses that
may be involved in disposing of one‟s assets should be deducted before calculating the net value on
which Ḥuqúqu‟lláh is payable.
(21 January 1973, written by the Universal House of Justice to an individual believer)
57. “The devoted believer who is privileged to pay “the right of God”, far…”
The devoted believer who is privileged to pay “the right of God”, far from seeking excuses for evading
this spiritual obligation, will do his utmost to meet it. On the other hand, inasmuch as obedience to this
Law is a matter of conscience, and payment of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh is a voluntary act, it would not be seemly
to go beyond informing the … friends of their spiritual obligation, and leaving to them to decide what
they wish to do about it.
The same principle applies to those friends who spend lavishly on their families, who purchase or
build residences and furnish them far in excess of their needs, and rationalize these expenditures in
their desire to avoid payment of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh.
(26 February 1973, written by the Universal House of Justice to an individual believer, translated from
the Persian)
58. “…many details in the computation of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh have…”

…many details in the computation of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh have been left by Bahá‟u‟lláh to the judgement and
conscience of the individual believer. For example, He exempts such household equipment and
furnishings as are needful, but He leaves it to the individual to decide which items are necessary and
which are not. Contributions to the funds of the Faith cannot be considered as part of one‟s payment of
Ḥuqúqu‟lláh; moreover, if one owes Ḥuqúqu‟lláh and cannot afford both to pay it and to make
19
20
contributions to the Fund, the payment of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh should take priority over making contributions.
But as to whether contributions to the Fund may be treated as expenses in calculating the amount of
one‟s assets on which Ḥuqúqu‟lláh is payable, this is left to the judgement of each individual in the
light of his own circumstances.
(16 September 1979, written on behalf of the Universal House of Justice to an individual believer)
59. “It is clear from the Writings that a person is exempt from paying…”
It is clear from the Writings that a person is exempt from paying Ḥuqúqu‟lláh on his residence and
such household and professional equipment as are needful. It is left to the discretion of the individual
to decide which items are necessary and which are not. It is obvious that the friends should not spend
lavishly on residences and furnishings and rationalize these expenditures in their desire to avoid
payment of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh. No specific text has been found exempting capital used to earn income. The
Universal House of Justice leaves such matters to the consciences of individual believers.
(9 April 1980, written on behalf of the Universal House of Justice to an individual believer)
60. “Your second question asks whether, where there is perfect understanding…”
Your second question asks whether, where there is perfect understanding between husband and wife
and she is empowered to manage her husband‟s property as well as her own, she could pay the amount
of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh applicable to all their possessions or, since the husband owns a portion of the property,
she should pay only the amount of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh on her own share of the property.
In answering this question one should remember that the Ḥuqúqu‟lláh is payable on possessions that
are indisputably recognised as being one‟s own and not on property that one merely controls or uses.
However, in cases similar to the one you have mentioned above, it is incumbent on husband and wife
to take counsel together and to define precisely the limits of their personal belongings, then they
should either jointly or individually render to the Ḥuqúq the amount they consider to be their binding
obligation.
(10 January 1982, written on behalf of the Universal House of Justice to an individual believer,
translated from the Persian)
61. “As to the question raised by Mr. …, kindly inform him that in a letter…”
As to the question raised by Mr. …, kindly inform him that in a letter to an individual believer the
beloved Guardian explained that Ḥuqúqu‟lláh is payable only once on a given property, whether
personal or real, but should this property pass from one person to another, such as through inheritance,
it becomes again subject to the payment of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh. This in effect means that heirs receiving a
share of their inheritance from an estate must pay Ḥuqúqu‟lláh, if the share they are receiving
increases their wealth to a level calling for the discharge of this sacred obligation.
(1 June 1983, written on behalf of the Universal House of Justice to a National Spiritual Assembly)
62. “As regards your question concerning the principal residence and…”
As regards your question concerning the principal residence and subsidiary rulings relevant to it, we
wish to let you know that in these days it is not deemed advisable to enact detailed rulings for
Ḥuqúqu‟lláh. Thus the friends are left free, and whenever no definite rulings exist they may fulfil in
20
21
each case that which they understand from the texts, and may honour their Ḥuqúqu‟lláh obligations
according to their own judgement and the promptings of their own conscience.
(4 March 1984, written by the Universal House of Justice to an individual believer, translated from the
Persian)
63. “…if a believer has calculated his liability to…”

…if a believer has calculated his liability to Ḥuqúqu‟lláh and knows that he owes some, he should pay
this in preference to making any other contributions.
However, during the course of the year a believer may well be making contributions to various funds,
or giving money to charity, just as he is spending his money on a wide range of activities associated
with his daily life. The … Universal House of Justice leaves it to his judgement to follow either of the
following courses:
(a) To treat such contributions as expenses. They would then reduce the balance of savings he would
have left at the end of the year on which Ḥuqúqu‟lláh is payable.
(b) To consider that he should make such contributions only out of money on which Ḥuqúqu‟lláh has
been paid.
This ruling also leaves it open to the individual to treat some contributions in one way and some in the
other. The House of Justice leaves all such details to the judgement and conscience of the individual
believer.
(3 February 1987, written on behalf of the Universal House of Justice to an individual believer)
64. “If, as you say, you are not in a position ever to accumulate assessable…”
If, as you say, you are not in a position ever to accumulate assessable property equivalent in value to
19 mithqáls in gold, then, as the texts explain, you have no obligation to pay Ḥuqúqu‟lláh. However,
this does not mean that you may not contribute to this Fund if you wish to do so out of your love for
Bahá‟u‟lláh and the generosity of your heart.
(23 June 1987, written on behalf of the Universal House of Justice to an individual believer)
65. “1. One believer cannot discharge the obligation of another to pay…”
1. One believer cannot discharge the obligation of another to pay Ḥuqúqu‟lláh.
2. It is not permissible for a believer to earmark for any purpose a payment he makes to Ḥuqúqu‟lláh,
nor may he make such payment in honour of anyone.
(22 March 1989, memorandum from the Universal House of Justice to a department at the Bahá‟í
World Centre)
66. “Essentially, the Ḥuqúqu‟lláh should be paid by a…”

Essentially, the Ḥuqúqu‟lláh should be paid by a believer during the course of his life whenever his
surplus property reaches the assessable level. A certain leeway is provided in the law, inasmuch as
reference is made to the annual expenses which should be deducted before the liability to Ḥuqúqu‟lláh
is calculated. Ideally, when a Bahá‟í dies, the only payment to Ḥuqúqu‟lláh which should need to be
21
22
provided for in his Will is such additional liability as may be found to exist when his affairs are
reckoned up as at the date of his death.
The House of Justice hopes that as the believers acquaint themselves with the law of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh and
start to pay it, they will also learn not only how to calculate it during the course of their lives but will
thereby be enabled to understand how to provide for the payment of the balance remaining at their
deaths.
(1 October 1989, written on behalf of the Universal House of Justice to a Board of Trustees of
Ḥuqúqu‟lláh)
67. “The House of Justice does not envisage issuing any specific method of…”
The House of Justice does not envisage issuing any specific method of calculation for the use of the
friends. They should be left free to work out their own methods on the basis of the texts and examples
already before them.
(1 July 1991, written on behalf of the Universal House of Justice to the Office of the Treasurer of a
National Spiritual Assembly)
68. “The Universal House of Justice has received your letter of 28 December…”
The Universal House of Justice has received your letter of 28 December 1991 in which you pose a
question related to calculating the property on which you are due to pay Ḥuqúqu‟lláh. The information
provided by you is summarized as follows.
You have in your possession a collection of items in the nature of heirlooms, some of which are
probably quite valuable, and which you call “The Family Museum”. This collection yields no income,
and never has, apart from a few occasions on which you have put it on display to raise money for
charity. You wish to know whether you should now have this collection valued so that you can include
it in your property for the purposes of computing your Ḥuqúqu‟lláh.
The House of Justice has asked us to say that it is not necessary to bring such a possession into account
immediately. If it is sold, in whole or in part, then the proceeds become assessable to Ḥuqúqu‟lláh.
69. “The payment of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh is a personal obligation on…”

The payment of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh is a personal obligation on each Bahá‟í, and it is for him to meet this
obligation in accordance with his own conscience; it cannot be demanded from him by any of the
institutions of the Faith. A part of this obligation is for a Bahá‟í to make provision in his will for the
payment of whatever remains of his debt to Ḥuqúqu‟lláh at the end of his life. The Bahá‟í law of
intestacy, likewise, provides for the payment of such a balance of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh before the distribution
of the estate to the heirs.
The Law of Inheritance as revealed in the Kitáb-i-Aqdas, which is applicable when the deceased has
left no will, is explicit in stating:
Division of the estate should take place only after the Ḥuqúqu‟lláh hath been paid….
Likewise, in relation to the making of a Will, Bahá‟u‟lláh has stated:
22
23
A person hath full jurisdiction over his property. If he is able to discharge the Ḥuqúqu‟lláh, and
is free of debt, then all that is recorded in his will, and any declaration or avowal it containeth,
shall be acceptable. God, verily, hath permitted him to deal with that which He hath bestowed
upon him in whatever manner he may desire.
This makes it clear that the responsibility of a testator to pay his debts and his Ḥuqúqu‟lláh have
precedence over his freedom to leave his property in whatever other manner he wishes.
(30 April 1992, memorandum from the Universal House of Justice to a department at the Bahá‟í
World Centre)
70. “The question is whether the property on which a person is obliged to…”
The question is whether the property on which a person is obliged to compute his Ḥuqúqu‟lláh is all
that he possesses at the date on which the Law becomes applicable to him, or only on such property as
he amasses subsequent to that date.
Our conclusion is that the property which is assessable to Ḥuqúqu‟lláh is all that a person possesses on
the date that the Law becomes applicable to him. This does not mean, of course, that he must
immediately pay the Ḥuqúqu‟lláh that is due, since to do so might require him to dispose of many of
his belongings and place him in a very difficult situation. But the principle of computation is clear, and
the Ḥuqúqu‟lláh due should ultimately be paid.
(4 May 1992, written on behalf of the Universal House of Justice to the Trustee of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh, the
Hand of the Cause of God „Alí-Muḥammad Varqá)
71. “You ask about the applicability of the law of…”

You ask about the applicability of the law of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh to the money that a believer spends on
“travelling for the Faith, living a little more generously” and so forth. Our impression from answers
given to other questions is that this is a matter for the conscience of the individual. There is, in fact, a
vast range of expenditures which could, or could not, be included under the heading of normal annual
expenses which are to be set against income before arriving at the sum assessable to Ḥuqúqu‟lláh. In
the specific case of contributions to the various funds of the Faith, the Universal House of Justice has
already stated that it is for the individual to decide whether he will consider these as part of his normal
expenditure or will pay them out of his savings which have been cleared.
(14 February 1993, memorandum from the Universal House of Justice to the Office of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh in
the Holy Land)
72. “The Office of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh in the Holy Land referred to…”

The Office of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh in the Holy Land referred to the Universal House of Justice the questions
on the law of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh attached to your letter of 21 April 1993, and we have been instructed to
send you the following answers.
1.There are, indeed, differences among a person‟s debts in relation to the calculation and payment of
Ḥuqúqu‟lláh. With regard to computation, debts are, naturally, to be offset against assets. With regard
to priority of payment, one should take into account the terms of a loan. If a schedule of payments has
been specified, and one will be able to meet them from anticipated income when they are due, one
should, of course, pay one‟s Ḥuqúqu‟lláh in the meantime. If, however, one cannot meet the payment
of both, the debt must take precedence.
23
24
2.The relative priority of the payment of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh and of contributing to the funds of the Faith is
made clear in section 105 7 of the compilation on Ḥuqúqu‟lláh. The House of Justice does not wish to
go beyond this at the present time.
3.Freedom is left to each husband and wife to decide whether to comply with their obligations to
Ḥuqúqu‟lláh jointly or separately because the House of Justice does not wish to interfere with the right
of each couple to decide how they wish to deal with their own finances. One couple may prefer to own
their property jointly; another may prefer to keep their respective properties separate; or there may be
various combinations of these arrangements.
(8 July 1993, written on behalf of the Universal House of Justice to an individual believer)
73. “Your letters of 24 and 25 May 1993 and the booklet you sent were…”
Your letters of 24 and 25 May 1993 and the booklet you sent were received by the Office of
Ḥuqúqu‟lláh. The two questions you raised were referred to the Universal House of Justice, which has
now instructed us to send you the following reply.
1.Funds being saved up for the purchase of a residence are not in themselves exempt from
Ḥuqúqu‟lláh. Thus, if the person were to die before purchasing a residence, these savings would be
assessable to Ḥuqúq. However, … it is left to the individual, who is saving to buy a residence, to
decide whether to pay Ḥuqúqu‟lláh on the money as he saves it, and then count the exemption when
the residence is actually purchased, or to postpone the inclusion of the savings in his calculation of
Ḥuqúqu‟lláh until after the residence is purchased, at which time, of course, the value of the residence
becomes exempt.
2….computations for Ḥuqúqu‟lláh in practice should be made on the basis of the accumulation of
savings, not just on each year separately. Only in this way can one take account of losses in one year
which reduce one‟s liability in the next, or compute the profit or loss on the sale of an investment
which was purchased in an earlier year.
74. “Your … question centers on the provision for Ḥuqúqu‟lláh…”

Your … question centers on the provision for Ḥuqúqu‟lláh in Bahá‟í wills. Your understanding that
the obligation to pay Ḥuqúqu‟lláh arises during one‟s lifetime and is normally to be carried out with
lifetime giving is correct, although at the same time it is true that there may be cases where a believer
dies without having made provision in his or her will for payment of the unpaid portion of
Ḥuqúqu‟lláh, if any. The event of death does not remove from a believer the obligation to pay
Ḥuqúqu‟lláh. Whatever portion is due to be paid is therefore a debt due from the believer‟s estate at
the time of his or her death. The cost of the funeral and burial, the payment of the debts of the
deceased, and the payment of whatever portion of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh remains due are prior charges on the
estate which must be met before arriving at the amount of the property which has to be divided in
accordance with the provisions of the law of inheritance. Thus, whether or not a person makes a will
or, having made a will, whether he or she makes provision in it for the payment of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh, the
Ḥuqúqu‟lláh should be paid, like all debts, before the rest of the estate is divided.
In light of this, it is certainly advisable for a believer to make the necessary arrangements for payment
of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh prior to his or her death, in order to avoid complications or confusions which could
7
In this compilation, the statement appears as extract 58.
24
25
arise. It should be noted that the question of a legal wording to include provision in a will for the
payment of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh after a believer has died is dependent upon so many factors, that it would be
preferable to seek legal advice so that wording which is appropriate and in accordance with the laws
governing inheritance can be used. Obviously, unless the believer leaves a clear accounting of his or
her property and payment of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh to date, if any, it will not be possible for anyone to calculate
accurately what remains to be paid at the time of death. While the application of the principles
involved in payment of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh may well require subsidiary legislation by the House of Justice in
the future, at the present time it falls to the executor or administrator of an estate to apply them to the
extent possible, using his or her best judgment and taking into account the information available.
Finally, while the payment of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh is each individual‟s own responsibility, a believer may be
referred to the nearest Representative of the Trustee of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh, who could advise him or her in
the light of any specific circumstances.
75. “In Bahá‟í law each individual believer, whether man or…”
In Bahá‟í law each individual believer, whether man or woman, is responsible for paying Ḥuqúqu‟lláh
on the property he or she owns or acquires; this presumes the right of individual ownership of
property. In the case of a married couple, however, the Universal House of Justice has indicated that
they may choose to pay their Ḥuqúqu‟lláh jointly, if they so wish, and there is no prohibition against
joint ownership, whether by a couple or by two or more business partners. Each individual is under the
obligation of making a will. In the Questions and Answers no. 78 we read that, in the case of intestacy,
apart from used clothing, whatever there may be among the husband‟s possessions, whether jewellery
or otherwise, belongs to the husband, “except what is proven to have been gifts to the wife”. Similarly,
in a letter written on behalf of the Guardian in Persian we find the following: “You have asked
concerning the division of furniture and property, after the completion of the year of waiting…. The
Guardian stated that whatever belonged to the wife and constituted her personal property remains hers
and that no one has any right to interfere.”
It is clear, therefore, that the property of a husband and wife are regarded as separate except insofar as
one makes gifts to the other or they agree to own all or part of the property jointly. In other words, it is
for the husband and wife themselves to decide how their property is held. An inheritance or gift
received by one spouse would remain the property of that individual unless he or she decides
otherwise.
It is also possible for a husband and wife to enter into an agreement at the time of marriage, or later,
concerning the apportionment of their property.
The status of the ownership of the property then affects what becomes of it in the case of divorce or
the death of one of the parties.
This is a very brief summary of the situation. Undoubtedly in the years to come the Universal House
of Justice will be called upon to decide on specific issues of detail as they arise. It must also be
remembered that at the present time the implementation of Bahá‟í law in such matters is dependent
upon the provisions of the civil law, which takes precedence.
25
26
76. “As to whether Ḥuqúqu‟lláh is acceptable from…”

As to whether Ḥuqúqu‟lláh is acceptable from Bahá‟ís who have been deprived of their voting rights,
the House of Justice has stated:
After considering precedents set by the beloved Guardian, we have come to the conclusion that
Ḥuqúqu‟lláh is not acceptable from such believers…. Any believer who is under the sanction of
deprivation of administrative rights and who offers to pay Ḥuqúqu‟lláh should simply be told
that such a payment is not acceptable. If he remits a payment, it should be returned to him.
77. “The Universal House of Justice has received your email letter dated 31…”
The Universal House of Justice has received your email letter dated 31 January 2002, inquiring if a
company, owned only by a Bahá‟í, may make contributions to the Fund and pay Ḥuqúqu‟lláh.
The obligation to pay Ḥuqúqu‟lláh rests on individual believers, not on corporate bodies, even if they
are wholly owned by Bahá‟ís. On the other hand, if the owners of a company, which is entirely Bahá‟í-
owned, wish their company to make a donation to Ḥuqúqu‟lláh, such a contribution is acceptable. It
does not, of course reduce the obligation of the individual believers concerned to pay their own
Ḥuqúqu‟lláh.
With regard to the Bahá‟í Fund, it is entirely permissible for contributions to be made to the Fund from
a business which is owned solely by Bahá‟ís.
(12 February 2002, written on behalf of the Universal House of Justice to a National Spiritual
Assembly)
78. “Your memorandum refers to us the question of a believer who sells his or…”
Your memorandum refers to us the question of a believer who sells his or her principal residence to
move into a nursing home or a similar care facility. The inquiry is whether the difference between the
sale price of the residence and the sum required to pay the nursing home fees should be subject to the
Right of God.
We have decided that it should be left to the discretion of the individual concerned to determine the
course of action to be followed, having regard for his own assessment of his personal circumstances
and intentions, as well as his own understanding of the text.
(12 July 2004, memorandum from the Universal House of Justice to the Office of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh in the
Holy Land)
79. “…if one‟s assets include property or shares in addition to cash, the…”
…if one‟s assets include property or shares in addition to cash, the individual might sustain financial
loss or may face other difficulties in paying nineteen percent of the value of the non-cash assets before
they are disposed of, and he may therefore prefer to pay the Ḥuqúqu‟lláh once they are dispensed with.
Any expenses that may be involved in disposing of one‟s assets should be deducted before calculating
the net value on which Ḥuqúqu‟lláh is payable.
We also remind you that Ḥuqúqu‟lláh is payable on all that a person possesses on the date that the Law
becomes applicable to him. This does not mean, of course, that the Ḥuqúqu‟lláh payment that is due
26
27
must be made immediately, since to do so might require an individual to dispose of many of his
belongings and could place him in a difficult situation. The principle of the computation, however, is
clear, and the Ḥuqúqu‟lláh due should ultimately be paid.
(10 May 2006, written on behalf of the Universal House of Justice to an individual believer, translated
from the Persian)
80. “The basic principle is that when a believer passes away, his principal…”
The basic principle is that when a believer passes away, his principal residence, as well as items such
as necessary furnishings and tools of trade, remains exempt when computing how much, if any,
Ḥuqúqu‟lláh remains to be paid on his estate.
Subject to the terms of the will, a beneficiary may well receive some or all of these items. Whether or
not he is required to pay Ḥuqúqu‟lláh on these newly acquired assets will depend on the purpose for
which he uses them. If they are used for purposes subject to exemption, such as his principal residence,
necessary furnishings, or tools of trade, he would be exempt from paying Ḥuqúqu‟lláh on them.
However, if he uses them for other purposes, such as converting them to cash, the exemption would
not apply.
(21 May 2006, written on behalf of the Universal House of Justice to an individual believer)
81. “When funds are offered by a believer in honour of another…”

When funds are offered by a believer in honour of another Bahá‟í, the donor should be informed that it
cannot be accepted as a Ḥuqúqu‟lláh payment on behalf of the other believer. The donor can then be
given the option of his providing these funds as a Ḥuqúqu‟lláh payment on his own behalf or as a
contribution to the Bahá‟í International Fund in honour of the other individual or of having the funds
returned to him.
(12 June 2006, memorandum from the Universal House of Justice to the Office of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh in the
Holy Land)
27
28
3. Functions of the Trustees of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh and the

Spiritual Assemblies
82. “He is the True, the Faithful!…”

He is the True, the Faithful!
O Abu‟l-Ḥasan! 8 God willing thou art sustained by His lordly favours and art occupied with such
deeds as befit His Day. Regard faith as a tree: its fruits and leaves, its branches and boughs are, and
ever have been, truthfulness, trustworthiness, rectitude of conduct, and forbearance. Be assured of
God‟s sustaining grace, and engage thyself with service to His Faith. We have designated thee a
trustee of God, have bidden thee to observe that which shall exalt the Cause of Him Who is the Lord
of the worlds, and have bestowed upon thee the right to receive Ḥuqúqu‟lláh. Consort with the people
in a spirit of amity and concord, and be unto them a loyal counsellor and a loving companion. Content
thyself then with that which We have ordained for thee.
83. “As to the question of Ḥuqúq: Reference to this matter…”

As to the question of Ḥuqúq: Reference to this matter is in no wise permissible. …it is entirely
dependent upon the willingness of the individuals themselves. They are well acquainted with the
commandment of God and are familiar with that which was revealed in the Book. Let him who
wisheth observe it, and let him who wisheth ignore it. Verily, thy Lord is the Self-Sufficing, the All-
Praised. Indeed, independence of all things is as a door of guidance unto His faithful servants. Well is
it with them that have severed themselves from the world and have arisen to serve His Cause. Verily,
they are numbered with the people of Bahá at the court of His resplendent Beauty.
84. “O Abu‟l Ḥasan!…”

O Abu‟l Ḥasan! 9
May my Glory rest upon thee! Fix thy gaze upon the glory of the Cause. Speak forth that which will
attract the hearts and the minds. To demand the Ḥuqúq is in no wise permissible. This command was
revealed in the Book of God for various necessary matters ordained by God to be dependent upon
material means. Therefore, if someone, with utmost pleasure and gladness, nay with insistence,
wisheth to partake of this blessing, thou mayest accept. Otherwise acceptance is not permissible.
85. “Whenever they make reference to the Ḥuqúq, let them…”

Whenever they make reference to the Ḥuqúq, let them confine themselves to a mere word uttered for
the sake of God and this will suffice; coercion is unnecessary, inasmuch as God hath never wished that
those engaged in His service should experience any hardship. Verily He is the Forgiving, the Merciful,
the Gracious, the All-Bountiful.
8
Known as Jináb-i-Amín, Trustee of the Ḥuqúq in the days of Bahá’u’lláh.
9
Ibid.
28
29
86. “If a person is willing to offer the Right of God, such offering should…”
If a person is willing to offer the Right of God, such offering should be received by the Trustees, to
whom reference hath been made in the Book of God. This ordinance hath, in view of certain
considerations, been revealed from the heaven of divine Revelation as a token of His grace. The
advantages arising therefrom shall fall to the individuals themselves. Verily He speaketh the truth and
there is none other God but Him, the Mighty, the Powerful.
Any amount received by them will be transmitted. Great is the blessedness of them that observe His
bidding.
87. “Whoso desireth to offer Ḥuqúqu‟lláh with the utmost joy…”

Whoso desireth to offer Ḥuqúqu‟lláh with the utmost joy and eagerness should pay it to trustworthy
persons like unto thyself and obtain a receipt, so that whatsoever is effected may conform to His
sanction and permission. Verily He is the Knowing, the Wise.
88. “Payments for the Ḥuqúqu‟lláh cannot be handed over to…”

Payments for the Ḥuqúqu‟lláh cannot be handed over to every person. These words have been uttered
by Him Who is the sovereign Truth. The Ḥuqúqu‟lláh should be kept in the custody of trusted
individuals and forwarded to His holy court through the Trustees of God.
89. “To discharge one‟s obligations is highly praiseworthy in the sight of…”
To discharge one‟s obligations is highly praiseworthy in the sight of God. However, it is not permitted
to solicit Ḥuqúq from anyone. Beseech ye the one true God to enable His loved ones to offer that
which is the Right of God, inasmuch as the observance of this injunction would cause one‟s
possessions to be purified and protected and would become the means of attracting goodly gifts and
heavenly blessings.
90. “Someone must needs remind the servants of God, that perchance they
may…”
Someone must needs remind the servants of God, that perchance they may be privileged to meet their
obligation of Ḥuqúq, thus attaining a sublime station and gaining a reward that would last for ever.
The payments for the Ḥuqúq should be kept in the custody of a trusted person and a report submitted
so that steps may be taken according to the good pleasure of God.
91. “O Amín! Upon thee be My glory. It behoveth thee to…”

O Amín! Upon thee be My glory. It behoveth thee to have the utmost regard for the dignity of the
Cause of God in all circumstances…. We exhort thee to keep thine eyes directed to the horizon of
dignity and, while being mindful of His sublime words: “…yet warn them, for in truth warning will
profit the believers”, 10 to give the friends of God a gentle reminder in a spirit of amity and concord.
Indeed, whoever is graciously enabled to fulfil this obligation, he will be reckoned among the sincere
lovers of God in the lucid Book; but if not, no one should contend with him.
In this Day the glances of God—exalted be His glory—are directed towards the hearts of men and to
the goodly pearls treasured therein. This beseemeth the Lord and His chosen ones—glorified be His
majesty. It behoveth thee to pray on behalf of the friends and loved ones of God, that He may
10
Qur’án 51:55.
29
30
graciously enable them to fulfil that which is ordained in the Book, and that they may not be hindered
by vain imaginings and the transitory things of the world.
Extract from the Writings of ‘Abdu’l-Bahá
92. “A third requisite is the promulgation of the…”

A third requisite 11 is the promulgation of the divine commandments among the friends, such as the
Obligatory Prayers, Fasting, Pilgrimage, Ḥuqúqu‟lláh and all the other ordinances.
Extract from a Letter Written on Behalf of Shoghi Effendi
93. “The paying of the Ḥuqúq is a spiritual obligation; the…”

The paying of the Ḥuqúq is a spiritual obligation; the friends must not be obliged by the Assemblies to
pay it, but they should be encouraged to fulfil this spiritual obligation laid upon them in the Aqdas.
(12 October 1946, to a National Spiritual Assembly)

Justice
94. “Since the Ḥuqúqu‟lláh has, according to the injunction…”

Since the Ḥuqúqu‟lláh has, according to the injunction in the Book, been designated as one of the
institutions of the Cause, and inasmuch as the fulfilment of this obligation is binding on the people of
Bahá, therefore it is deemed appropriate that your Spiritual Assembly should fully familiarize the dear
friends in Persia with the significance of this momentous responsibility and to promulgate gradually in
the entire community such ordinances related to Ḥuqúqu‟lláh as are laid down in His perspicuous
Book. Obviously in pursuance of the explicit Texts solicitation of the Ḥuqúqu‟lláh is not permissible,
but it is the responsibility of those Trustees of the Cause to address appeals of a general character to
the dear friends, so that they may become more informed about this essential obligation. God willing,
through the occasional reminders issued by your Assembly, they may gain the privilege and honour of
achieving this benevolent deed—a deed that draws forth heavenly blessings, serves as a means of
purifying the earthly possessions of the devoted friends, and promotes the international activities of the
people of Bahá.
(27 October 1963, written by the Universal House of Justice to the National Spiritual Assembly of
95. “Undoubtedly the friends are illumined with the light of the fear of God…”
Undoubtedly the friends are illumined with the light of the fear of God and are fully conscious of the
need to purify and protect their possessions in accordance with the decisive Words revealed by our
Lord, the Most High.
11
For them that take counsel together, i.e., the members of the Spiritual Assemblies.
30
31
In these turbulent days, we that yearn for Him, fervently turn in prayer to the court of the Lord of
mankind that He may graciously enable that august Assembly to repeatedly remind the lovers of the
Beauty of the All-Merciful of the vital importance and the binding character of this sacred and
heavenly injunction. Through issuing announcements, distributing leaflets and in gatherings, schools
and conferences held by the followers of our Zealous Lord, they should be guided and encouraged to
observe strictly and conscientiously that which His divine commandment has enjoined upon them, so
that those believers who are adorned with the fear of God may be shielded from the dire consequences
foreshadowed in His ominous warnings, may become the recipients of His assured blessings and be
enabled to partake of the outpourings of His infallible spiritual grace.
(12 September 1969, written by the Universal House of Justice to the National Spiritual Assembly of
96. “The continuing responsibility for educating the believers in the law of…”
The continuing responsibility for educating the believers in the law of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh is shared by all the
institutions of the Faith. But your deputies and their representatives, through the close relationships
which they are forming with individual believers, will be able to advance their understanding of the
spiritual and practical aspects of this law in an especially effective way. The primary need at this time,
we believe, is … for the friends to be encouraged to understand and accept the responsibility which
rests on every true-hearted follower of the Faith to apply the principles of the law to the specific details
of his or her own condition. The members of your institution, through wise and tactful comments and
explanations, can assist them to do this, while refraining from exerting, or appearing to exert, any form
of pressure.
A major challenge now before those devoted friends who have been called to serve as your deputies
and representatives is the organization of their own work to ensure a reliable system for the
acceptance, receipting, custody and remittance of the funds of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh. It is love for Bahá‟u‟lláh
which will be the primary motive for the friends in obeying this law, but they will carry out their duty
with greater assurance and promptitude the greater their confidence in and respect for those on whom
has been conferred the responsibility of receiving this Right of God on your behalf.
(13 November 1992, written by the Universal House of Justice to the Trustee of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh, the
Hand of the Cause of God „Alí-Muḥammad Varqá)
97. “The functions you have been summoned to perform are vital. You are…”
The functions you have been summoned to perform are vital. You are charged with the responsibility
to educate the believers in the law presented to them in the Kitáb-i-Aqdas to render payment unto God
of a specific portion of their material assets. Your task is essentially spiritual, that of drawing the
attention of the friends to their obligations as followers of Bahá‟u‟lláh and thus of playing a significant
role in fostering the development of the relationships of love and obedience which must bind the
believer to his Creator. In a world preoccupied with self-indulgence, you are called upon to revive the
hallowed concept of religious duty and obligation.
The work in which you are engaged is most challenging. It concerns promulgation of a law which is
fundamental to the individual‟s spiritual life, and the attitude with which it is carried out is an essential
feature of its observance. The befitting discharge of your functions requires the utmost sensitivity and
discretion, to avoid undue pressure on believers to adhere to a law which is a matter of conscience, and
31
32
to find the proper mode of communication which provides timely reminders while refraining from
unproductive repetition.
Central to the success of your endeavours is the extent to which you are able to create and sustain a
relationship of love and trust with the believers you are called upon to assist, so that they will, through
their association and interaction with you, be motivated to adhere wholeheartedly to the law of
Ḥuqúqu‟lláh and to partake of its inestimable spiritual benefits.
These are still early days in the worldwide development of the institution of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh, which will
expand and flourish in the centuries to come, and will provide material resources essential for the
advancement of the human race. How important, then, that such an institution be distinguished by the
impeccable probity with which it is administered, and by the evident trustworthiness of those who
serve it. Assuredly your efforts will continue to be exerted in a manner that will enhance the high
reputation which the institution of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh has acquired in the eyes of the believers.
(14 February 1997, written by the Universal House of Justice to the Deputies and Representatives of
the institution of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh)
98. “One of the tasks of the Representatives is to assist in educating the…”

One of the tasks of the Representatives is to assist in educating the believers in the law of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh
and its importance. Naturally, this process of education cannot be limited to those whose possessions
reach the amount to bring them within the obligation of the law, since this fact is often known only to
the individual concerned. Children, also, should learn the law of the Right of God as part of their
Bahá‟í education. Sometimes friends become so enthused with the concept of this law that they
express the wish to make contributions to the Ḥuqúqu‟lláh Fund, even though they are not obliged to
do so. The House of Justice has stated that it is permissible for the Representatives to accept such
contributions.
In other words, if someone, out of their love for the Cause, makes a payment to Ḥuqúqu‟lláh, it is not
for the Representative to question whether or not that person is under obligation to pay it; he should
graciously accept it.
This, as you can see, is quite different from actually encouraging Bahá‟ís to pay more Ḥuqúqu‟lláh
than the law of God requires them to do, and such encouragement would be a departure from the spirit
of the law as Bahá‟u‟lláh has revealed it.
99. “It is clear that, over the past decade, more and more believers have…”
It is clear that, over the past decade, more and more believers have become informed of the
significance of the law of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh, and are following its provisions. You may well contemplate
with satisfaction the results of your labours, as you formulate your plans for the extension of the
influence of this mighty law to all segments of the worldwide Bahá‟í community. Your integrity, the
scrupulous care with which you have handled the funds entrusted to you, and your efficiency in
providing receipts and maintaining accurate records have all contributed to the confidence of the
believers in this institution and to the high prestige with which it is held in the Bahá‟í community.
32
33
In carrying out your functions, you are assisting in the advancement of a process which will, in the
centuries ahead, give rise to a transformation of society far beyond our present capacity to
comprehend.
(12 January 2003, written by the Universal House of Justice to the Deputies and Representatives of the
institution of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh)
100. “Furthermore, efforts at fostering the development of institutions…”

Furthermore, efforts at fostering the development of institutions operating at the World Centre were
especially evident in the continuing evolution of the institution of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh under the distinguished
leadership of the Trustee, the Hand of the Cause of God „Alí-Muḥammad Varqá. Through his wise
initiative and constant endeavour, Dr. Varqá has inspired the education of the friends everywhere
concerning the law of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh. In the decade since the law was universally applied, a network of
national and regional boards of trustees has been brought into existence, which provides coordination
and direction to the service of an increasing number of deputies and representatives. Knowledge of this
great law has spread widely, and friends from all continents are responding to it with a spirit of
devotion, which the Trustee hopes will touch those who have not yet availed themselves of the
promised blessings flowing from adherence to this law.
101. “With the approach of the meeting …, which will mark your inaugural…”
With the approach of the meeting …, which will mark your inaugural meeting as members of the
International Board of Trustees of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh, we have decided that it is now appropriate to provide
you with guidance about your work and the development of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh, the Right of God, in the
years ahead.
As stated in our letter …, notifying you of your appointment, your duties are those of the trusteeship of
Ḥuqúqu‟lláh, following in the path of the Chief Trustee of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh, the Hand of the Cause Dr.
„Alí-Muḥammad Varqá….
A major element of the duties to be undertaken by the Deputies and Representatives throughout the
world will continue to be the education of believers in the Right of God. The required education
should be accomplished in a moderate and patient manner, so that the hearts of the believers are
attracted to obedience to the provisions of the law of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh as part of their yearning to pursue
the path of spiritual development prescribed by Bahá‟u‟lláh. The most important features of the law
should be presented in as simple a form as possible, to avoid the dear friends obligated to pay
Ḥuqúqu‟lláh from becoming inhibited about doing so by an unwarranted fear of its complexity of
application.
Under all conditions, due attention should be given to preserving the dignity of the Faith….
We ask you to propose … details for a network of National or Regional Boards embracing the entire
worldwide community and to recommend the membership of these Boards. In countries where there
are a substantial number of believers obligated to pay Ḥuqúqu‟lláh, a National Board is appropriate.
Regional Boards should be set up to cover other groups of countries, with the expectation that each
Regional Board will be replaced by a number of National Boards in the future, as the Bahá‟í
community grows.
33
34
The members of these Boards will be appointed to serve for a term of three years and will be eligible
for reappointment. No specific date is set for the appointment, so that a replacement can be approved
whenever a Deputy is unable to discharge the functions. We have decided that Counsellors should not
be eligible for membership to these Boards.
The Regional and National Boards would have the function of appointing Representatives, for a term
of three years; as in the case of Deputies, when a Representative is appointed to replace an existing
member unable to carry out the functions, the new appointee will serve for a full three years.
To the extent possible the Representatives will not be required to receive and transmit funds or to issue
receipts…. This modification in the functions of the Representatives means that their work will be
educational….
(25 January 2005, written by the Universal House of Justice to the members of the International Board
of Trustees of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh)
102. “New developments have, likewise, taken place at the World Centre. We…”
New developments have, likewise, taken place at the World Centre. We have decided that the time is
propitious to bring into being an International Board of Trustees of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh to guide and
supervise the work of Regional and National Boards of Trustees of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh throughout the world.
It will operate in close collaboration with the Chief Trustee, the Hand of the Cause of God Dr. „Alí-
Muḥammad Varqá, and will be able to benefit from his knowledge and counsel in carrying out its
duties. The three members now appointed to the International Board of Trustees are Sally Foo, Ramin
Khadem, and Grant Kvalheim. Their term of office will be determined at a later date. The members of
the Board will not transfer their residence to the Holy Land but will utilize the services of the Office of
Ḥuqúqu‟lláh at the World Centre in performing their functions.
103. “The Universal House of Justice has received your email letter dated…”
The Universal House of Justice has received your email letter dated 4 December 2005 concerning the
permissibility of individuals paying Ḥuqúqu‟lláh via their National Spiritual Assembly and has
forwarded it to our Department for reply.
…the believers may prefer to make their payments through the treasurers of their National Assemblies,
and the House of Justice has maintained the right of the friends to pay their Ḥuqúqu‟lláh in this way if
they so choose.
(19 January 2006, written on behalf of the Universal House of Justice to a National Spiritual
Assembly)
104. “The Institution of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh has steadily progressed…”

The Institution of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh has steadily progressed under the stewardship of the Hand of the Cause
of God Dr. „Alí-Muḥammad Varqá, appointed Trustee by Shoghi Effendi fifty years ago, culminating
in the establishment in 2005 of an international board designed to promote the continued widespread
application of this mighty law, a source of inestimable blessings for all humanity.
34
35
4. Disbursement of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh Funds
105. “It is the binding command of God that in every locality whatever hath…”
It is the binding command of God that in every locality whatever hath been or will be made available
for the Ḥuqúqu‟lláh should be submitted to His Holy Presence. Any instructions issued in this respect
should be observed accordingly, so that all matters may be well-ordered.
106. “And now concerning the poor, thou hast written to ask whether it is…”
And now concerning the poor, thou hast written to ask whether it is permissible to pay them out of the
Right of God. This is conditional upon permission having been granted. In each locality where the
Right of God is being received, details of it must be submitted to His exalted presence together with a
statement describing the position of the needy ones. Verily He doeth what He willeth and ordaineth
what He pleaseth. If permission were to be given universally it would lead to strife and give rise to
trouble.
Extract from the Writings of ‘Abdu’l-Bahá
107. “According to the explicit text of the Most Holy Book the amounts
offered…”
According to the explicit text of the Most Holy Book the amounts offered for the Ḥuqúq should be
deposited in a place and be disbursed, as necessary. However thou shouldst not require anyone there to
offer the Ḥuqúq unless someone is prepared to do so willingly and of his own free choice.
Extract from a Letter Written by Shoghi Effendi
108. “In accordance with the explicit text of the Will and Testament,…”
In accordance with the explicit text of the Will and Testament, Ḥuqúqu‟lláh should be expended on
teaching the Cause of God in countries throughout the East and the West, establishing institutions,
building Bahá‟í Temples and promoting benevolent undertakings and the general weal.
(15 January 1933, to a National Spiritual Assembly, translated from the Persian)
35
36

Justice
109. “„Abdu‟l-Bahá in one of His Tablets has stated:…”

„Abdu‟l-Bahá in one of His Tablets has stated: “Disposition of the Ḥuqúq, wholly or partly, is
permissible, but this should be done by permission of the authority in the Cause to whom all must
turn.” The provision in His Will and Testament that the Ḥuqúqu‟lláh “is to be offered through the
Guardian of the Cause of God…” is clearly in accord with this principle. In another Tablet „Abdu‟l-
Bahá referred to the Universal House of Justice as “the authority in the Cause to whom all must turn”
and it is clear that in the absence of the Guardian it is the supreme and central institution of the Cause.
Moreover, before „Abdu‟l-Bahá, Bahá‟u‟lláh had revealed the following: “There is a prescribed ruling
for the Ḥuqúqu‟lláh. After the House of Justice hath come into being, the law thereof will be made
manifest, in conformity with the Will of God.” In accordance with these explicit texts it is clearly
within the jurisdiction of the Universal House of Justice to decide about the receipt and disbursement
of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh at the present time.
(2 March 1972, written by the Universal House of Justice to the Hands of the Cause residing in the
Holy Land)
110. “Concerning the Ḥuqúqu‟lláh, … the disposition of the…”

Concerning the Ḥuqúqu‟lláh, … the disposition of the Ḥuqúqu‟lláh is a prerogative reserved to the
Center of the Faith. The Universal House of Justice is invested with a number of “powers and duties”
enumerated in its Constitution such as “preservation of the Sacred Texts”, “advanc[ing] the interests of
the Faith”, “propagat[ing] and teach[ing] its Message”, and so forth. The funds collected from the
payment of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh are expended in pursuit of these purposes, as the House of Justice deems
appropriate.
111. “You have asked as to where and how the House of Justice reports on its…”
You have asked as to where and how the House of Justice reports on its uses of the funds received
through payment of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh. The House of Justice does not issue an accounting of the current
expenditure of these funds. However, there is no secret as to the uses to which the funds are put. The
Sacred Texts affirm that the Ḥuqúqu‟lláh is to be paid to the Authority in the Faith to whom all must
turn, and indicate that these funds may be “expended for the relief of the poor, the disabled, the needy,
and the orphans, and for other vital needs of the Cause of God”. Decisions concerning such factors as
the timing, the methods of disbursement and the amount rest with the House of Justice.
In these days, as during the ministry of Shoghi Effendi, all funds received by the Head of the Faith are
used to promote the interests of the Faith at the World Centre and worldwide. The Institution of
Ḥuqúqu’lláh Newsletter, issue no. 6, mentions that the funds are spent for such purposes as,
“promotion of the teaching and proclamation of the Faith worldwide; care, maintenance and
restoration of Bahá‟í Holy Places; building up of the Bahá‟í World Administrative Centre; support of
the work of the many Bahá‟í institutions and agencies; erection and restoration of Bahá‟í Houses of
Worship; establishment and support of new institutions; charitable and benevolent undertakings; and
support of the worldwide manifold interests of the Faith.”
36
37
The effective utilization of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh and other funds available to the House of Justice is manifest
in the great developments taking place at the World Centre and throughout the Bahá‟í world
community, many of whose national budgets must be subsidized by the House of Justice, owing to the
fact that the vast majority of the world‟s Bahá‟ís are poor and cannot adequately support their national
funds….
The Ḥuqúqu‟lláh, as its name “The Right of God” implies, has a special character which distinguishes
it from all other Bahá‟í funds. Its nature and purpose, and the blessings with which payment of it has
been endowed can be read in the compilation which has been issued on the subject….
In accordance with Bahá‟í principle, contributions to the various Bahá‟í funds, as well as payments of
the Right of God, are offered confidentially and are receipted…. You may rest assured that at the
Bahá‟í World Centre a method of financial management has been instituted to keep scrupulous
accounts and also to prevent any significant incidence of extravagance or, God forbid, malfeasance
from occurring undetected and unchecked. It is a method that maintains both the confidentiality of
individual contributions and the integrity of the use of all funds entrusted to the House of Justice.
112. “As to the specific concern that prompted your inquiry, the use of funds…”
As to the specific concern that prompted your inquiry, the use of funds from Ḥuqúqu‟lláh, the
disbursement of which is entirely at the discretion of the Head of the Faith, entails a wide range of
applications that will eventually address various needs of society in ways that will also contribute
toward the solution of economic problems. However, it is much too early in the worldwide observance
of the Law, and is not possible in the current state of the Bahá‟í community or of society, for the
House of Justice to elaborate on these details. For the time being, the Ḥuqúqu‟lláh is used principally
for the work of the Bahá‟í community, which, of course, includes its initial efforts at social and
economic development.
113. “As you are aware, the obligation of believers to pay…”

As you are aware, the obligation of believers to pay Ḥuqúqu‟lláh is set out in the Kitáb-i-Aqdas, and it
is offered to the Head of the Faith, now the House of Justice. Disbursement of these funds is decided
by the House of Justice and is presently directed to the vital task of raising the World Order of
Bahá‟u‟lláh, which is the essential prerequisite for the enduring resolution of the afflictions humanity
is now experiencing.
The House of Justice ensures that detailed accounts of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh income and expenditures are
maintained by the International Board of Trustees of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh and its Office of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh in the
Holy Land. It monitors the functioning of the Institution of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh and is well satisfied that
matters are being handled with the highest level of integrity.
Such an assurance from the House of Justice is, of course, sufficient for members of the Bahá‟í
community. At this time the House of Justice sees no need to present information on Ḥuqúqu‟lláh
accounts to external audiences; if a situation arises in the future where there is public controversy over
this issue, it will take whatever action it deems appropriate at that time.
37

Compilation On Huququ'llah

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Compilation On Huququ'llah

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Compilation On Huququ'llah

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

1

Ḥuqúqu‟lláh—The Right of God

1. Foundations of the Law of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh ............................................................... 3

2. Application of the Law of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh .............................................................. 13

3. Functions of the Trustees of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh and the Spiritual Assemblies ............ 28

4. Disbursement of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh Funds .................................................................. 35

1. Foundations of the Law of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh

Extracts from the Writings of Bahá’u’lláh

2. “Thine intention to pay a visit to the blessed House is acceptable and…”

3. “Should anyone acquire one hundred mithqáls of gold,…”

(The Kitáb-i-Aqdas, par. 97)

5. “For a number of years Ḥuqúq was not accepted….”

9. “And now concerning what thou hast mentioned regarding the…”

11. “It is incumbent upon everyone to discharge the obligation of…”

13. “Ḥuqúqu‟lláh is indeed a great law. It is incumbent…”

18. “The question of the Ḥuqúq dependeth on the willingness…”

20. “There is a prescribed ruling for the Ḥuqúqu‟lláh….”

21. “Glorified art Thou, O my compassionate Lord! I entreat Thee by the…”

Extracts from the Writings of ‘Abdu’l-Bahá

22. “O friends of „Abdu‟l-Bahá! The Lord, as a sign of His…”

23. “As preordained by the Fountain-head of Creation, the temple of the

This matter needeth further details, but We have treated it in brief.

24. “O my heavenly friends! It is certain and evident that the Incomparable…”

25. “The Blessed Beauty—may my life be offered up for His Dust—hath…”

Extract from a Letter Written on Behalf of Shoghi Effendi

(23 June 1945, to an individual believer, translated from the Persian)

Extracts from Letters Written by and on Behalf of the Universal House of

28. “Such an exceptional confluence of imminent achievements—the

31. “The institution of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh will, during the course…”

2. Application of the Law of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh

Extracts from the Writings of Bahá’u’lláh

35. “Question: Concerning the basic sum on which…”

36. “Question: Which is to take precedence: the…”

37. “Question: The ordinance of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh is…”

38. “Question: If a person hath, for example, a hundred…”

Answer: In such an event the Ḥuqúq is not payable.

2.1.7. 39. “Question: If, after payment of Ḥuqúq, this…”

Answer: In this event as well, payment of Ḥuqúq is not required.

40. “Question: May a person, in drawing up his will, assign some…”

42. “Question: When one‟s wealth exceeds nineteen, is it necessary…”

43. “Question: Regarding the appointments of a place of business,…”

44. “The minimum amount subject to Ḥuqúqu‟lláh is reached…”

Extracts from the Writings of ‘Abdu’l-Bahá

47. “As to the Ḥuqúq, it is payable on whatever is left over…”

48. “Ḥuqúq is applied on everything one possesseth….”

Extracts from the Utterances of ‘Abdu’l-Bahá

50. “Question: As to the matter of Ḥuqúq, does it mean…”

Extracts from Letters Written by and on Behalf of Shoghi Effendi

51. “Regarding the Ḥuqúqu‟lláh … this is applied to one‟s…”

53. “One mithqál consists of nineteen nukhuds. The…”

Extracts from Letters Written by and on Behalf of the Universal House of

55. “Some of the dear friends who observe their Ḥuqúqu‟lláh…”

58. “…many details in the computation of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh have…”

63. “…if a believer has calculated his liability to…”

66. “Essentially, the Ḥuqúqu‟lláh should be paid by a…”

69. “The payment of Ḥuqúqu‟lláh is a personal obligation on…”

Likewise, in relation to the making of a Will, Bahá‟u‟lláh has stated:

71. “You ask about the applicability of the law of…”