1.

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE CONCEPT

1.1 Definition
- The unemployment rate is the number of civilians aged 16 and over who are
unemployed and have tried to find work in the last four weeks.
- A country can affect unemployment and the state of the economy.
1.2 Types of Unemployment
*Structural unemployment occurs when a labor market cannot provide work for all job
seekers because there is a mismatch in the skills of the unemployed. it is empirically
distinct from frictional unemployment except that it lasts longer. As with
frictional unemployment, a simple demand-side stimulus will not work to simply
eliminate this type of unemployment.
- Structural unemployment can also be encouraged to disappear. due to continued cyclical
unemployment: If an economy cannot grow and is in a state of
inertia that affects unemployment because they are in long-term unemployment, they will
end up frustrated and most of their jobs Lose days and they will
disappear.If unemployment is too long, debt problems can have
some negative consequences and get caught in a vicious circle of poverty.
*Frictional unemployment is the period between jobs of an employee is looking for
or changing from one job to another. This is sometimes referred to as search
unemployment and may be voluntary depending on the unemployed person's
circumstances. Frictional unemployment exists because both jobs and workers
are heterogeneous and a mismatch between the characteristics of supply and demand can
result.
- Workers and Employers Accept some risk, but often the impact is not
immediate. You will invest time and effort in finding a more suitable
job. In fact, it benefits the economy because it leads to good resource allocation.
However, when a long search is made and so much effort is expended without reaping
many benefits, the economy also suffers. Therefore, the government will find ways
to temporarily lower the unemployment rate through many measures such as counseling
and the opening of vocational training centers.
*Hidden unemployment: The official statistics are often underestimated due
to unemployment rates or covered unemployment. This is the unemployment of
potential workers, which is not considered in the official unemployment statistics in due
to the nature of the survey. In many countries, only those who do not have a job but
are actively looking for a job and are entitled to social benefits are counted as
unemployed. Those who have stopped looking for work, and
sometimes those who participate in government "retraining" programs, are not officially
counted as unemployed even though they are unemployed.
- Statistics also count "underemployed" people who work part-time, who
are underemployed, who they want and can work full time. Also, people of working age
who are in school or college are not counted as unemployed in the government's
statistics. The people in the region also make a living from hunting and gathering,
which is also not a state occupation.
* Long-time period unemployment (LTU)refers to human beings who've been
unemployed for 365 days or extra. The long-time period unemployment fee suggests the
percentage of that long-time period unemployed amongst all unemployed.
Unemployment is normally measured with the aid of using countrywide hard
work pressure surveys and refers to human beings reporting that they have got labored in
gainful employment for much less than one-hour withinside
the preceding week, who're to be had for work, and who have sought
employment withinside the beyond 4 weeks.
- The European Commission published suggestions on a way to lessen long-
time period unemployment. These advised authorities to:
+ Encourage long-term unemployed human beings to sign up with an employment
service.
+Provide every registered long-time period unemployed man or woman with
character in-depth evaluation to discover their wishes and capability inside 18 months.
+Offer a tailored activity integration agreement (JIA) to all registered long-time
period unemployed within 18 months. These would possibly encompass measures that
includes mentoring, assistance with activity search, addition schooling, and
training, guidance for housing, transport, baby and care services, and rehabilitation.
Each man or woman could have an unmarried factor of contact to get admission
to this guide, which could be applied in partnership with employers.
2. FEATURE CONTENT
2.1 Causes of unemployment
There are many reasons for unemployment in a country. The majority can
be outside elements affecting so extra and extra unemployed human
beings growing day with the aid of using day. And let's discover a few the
main reasons for unemployment. Unemployment will have many reasons, which
include the following:
· New technology and inventions
· The repute of the financial system which may be prompted by the aid of using a
recession
· Competition because of globalization and worldwide trade
· Policies of the authorities
· Regulation and market
 2.2 Effects
2.2.1 Costs
The boom in unemployment way that the social hard work the pressure that isn't
always mobilized for manufacturing and commercial enterprise sports increases;
is the waste of social hard work - the simple element for socio-financial development.
Rising unemployment additionally way that the financial system is in a recession - a
recession due to the fact actual gross countrywide profits is decrease than capability; a
recession because of loss of funding capital (due to the fact finances capital is
narrowed because of lack of tax sales as it should guide employees who lose their jobs...)
Increased unemployment is likewise the purpose of pushing the financial system to (the
edge) of the financial system.
2.2.1.1 Individuals
– Unemployment reasons a lack of own circle of relatives' profits, growing
the profits hole of the population.
- Unemployment pushes employees into confusion, boredom, frustration,
and intellectual stress, main to a disaster of trust, and at the equal time
decreasing human beings' health.
- Not simplest that, however unemployment additionally ends in inactivity
and might result in decadence and department in human beings which includes alcohol,
gambling, drug addiction, and susceptibility to unlawful sports. unethical. It is one
of the reasons for the poor phenomena, pushing employees to defy discipline, law,
and morality to discover a livelihood that includes theft, unlawful commercial enterprise,
and smuggling.
-Unemployment weakens own circle of relative's relationships. Because they
are busy seeking out a livelihood, fathers, and moms neglect
about approximately their obligations to their own circle of relatives and
children, main to many disintegrations of many families.
=> It may be stated that unemployment "push" employees to poverty
2.2.1.2 Social
The growth in unemployment makes the social order unstable; the phenomenon of public
labor, strikes, and demonstrations worrying about the proper to paintings, proper live...
increased: poor social phenomena also rise greater including theft, gambling, drug
addiction, and prostitution...; Workers' assist for the authorities is likewise reduced…
From there, there may be social disturbances, even main to political upheaval.
2.2.2 Benefits of being unemployed
When you begin to experience tiredness from your activity, provide yourself a
threat to give up and find out about new things, unemployment isn't all terrible if it
simply sufficient time in order to take a break rest

2.2.2.1 Network expansion

During the unemployment length, each day, you seek jobs at the information channels
and practice for the positions of the one. In addition, to be capable of enhancing the
effectiveness of your activity seeks, you may be a part of online
social networking sites. They will assist humans to recognize that you are seeking
out an activity. It is those online networks that make
your activity seek greater effectiveness. Make certain all
your online facts is frequently updated, with spelling errors. You need
to take benefit of this era of unemployment which will pick out a
right and appropriate activity for yourself. Don't be too impatient and hasty.
2.2.2.2 Internship or volunteer
If you are seeking to transfer careers, freelancing can be the
first-class manner to advantage revel in a brand new enterprise you love. By participating
in internships and volunteering for companies, you may be educated very carefully and
thoroughly while not having to put money into tuition. This length will assist you a lot in
your new activity later.

2.2.2.3 Studying
In addition, in case you aren't assured of your current knowledge, you may take this day
trip of labor to take part in a career schooling direction to hone and enhance your
knowledge. You can join up for those good-sized publications at universities with careers
like marketing, picture design and programming.

2.2.2.4 Discover your hobbies

In the length of the beyond-busy painting, have you ever ever needed to have
unfastened time to fish, draw, prepare dinner or do the belongings you enjoy? So what
are you ready for, let's satisfy your needs at this unfastened time. Unemployment is
a fantastic time to meet your desires. You can each loosen up and perhaps you
may come up with fantastic thoughts to make money.

2.2.2.5 Traveling
Traveling is likewise a manner to loosen up effectively. Take
benefit of this unfastened time to visit the locations you love. After the holiday,
you'll have greater electricity and exuberance to embark on new plans
for painting later. This is a memorable vacation, and you may discover it beneficial in
your upcoming painting plans.
2.2.3 Decline in paintings hours

personnel have their running hours cut, maximum of which come from corporations,
the discount of everyday orders, main to personnel now no longer
running sufficient hours that had been formerly prescribed and wages accordingly
lowering significantly. tell. When receiving an sudden salary, now no
longer sufficient to cowl everyday dwelling expenses, main to many personnel leaving
with the choice to discover a higher process. Because of these thoughts, unemployment
is taking place extra and extra.

2. 3 Remedies

2. 3.1 Government side

Rearrange and enhance the performance of the employment

carrier gadget.

Socialize and enhance the schooling exceptional of the vocational

schooling gadget

Consider adjusting the minimal wage, making sure the

balance among the overseas and home funding sectors to amplify the enchantment of
social workers.

Solutions to control mechanisms and social institutions

Promotion of process advent and anti-unemployment

Building and growing the country-wide hard work market records network

Establishing a gadget of employment advisory councils from

imperative to nearby stages in any respect stages with representatives
of each employer, exchange unions and the state.

Because of the socio-financial importance of the problem,

3 gadgets want unique attention: long-time period unemployment (>1 year),
children unemployment, first-time process seekers (age 15 -> 24), and unemployment of
wounded, unwell infantrymen and disabled people.

Stronger training socialization, corporations additionally want to take duty for better train
ing. In my opinion, there ought to be an option to sell study participation in addition
to the relationship of organizations withinside the human aid schooling process.
2. 3.2 Personal side
Need to increase private thinking
Don't simply wrap your know-how in books. Employers want to see the way
you consider it. With the improvement of technology, with simply one click, you
may discover records approximately all of the problems which you examine withinside
the classroom. See how you've got implemented them in exercise and the
way they gain you.
From there, construct your self the cappotential to assume speedy in
all matters. Only then will you make certain to make a totally unique affect on
the recruiter.
Need to conquer your very own weaknesses
Vietnam has a saying "Industry compensates for intelligence" precisely like that!
Please receive that there are troubles you are nonetheless vulnerable in so
you can discover approaches to conquer them and enhance them for the higher.
If you lack expert know-how, study extra books approximately the main you pursue on
your profession. If your English isn't good, discover approaches to enhance your English
skills. This is the important thing to fulfillment now no longer most effective in time
but additionally withinside the classroom. But
it additionally facilitates your profession later.
Do now no longer refuse many hard things
Many Vietnamese college students have simply graduated from college but
have began out running in small organizations proper away. Think that those jobs
are now no longer well worth the attempt of four years of study. Thus,
you yourself have misplaced your process possibilities withinside the future.
As Jack Ma - chairman of Alibaba Group, one of the largest e-trade websites withinside
the world, as soon as shared, "From 20 to 30 years old, you ought to discover
a true boss, now no longer a great company. analyze from him..."

Constantly getting to know and enhancing your self

Don't be afraid to invite questions guys, you ought to admit that there are
numerous human beings smarter and greater proficient than you. You ought
to analyze and
enhance yourself by asking them questions. Since you're a university student, there are a
few notable college students in your class, you ought to analyze the ones human
beings revel in and knowledge.

3. THE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE IN THE WORLD

3.1 In US

3.1.1 The unemployment charge in the US

_ Currently, the world is dealing with a monetary disaster that ends in a growth in
unemployment, in which the USA isn't any exception. On 7/7, the United
States Department of Labor confirmed that the number of
unemployment blessings extended, and that quantity was 235,000 human beings. And
no quantity has extended like that, a lot better than the first 6 months of the year.
_ Employers withinside the US published task vacancies at 11. 3 million jobs, down from
the beyond sever (Unemployment) (Wikipedia)al month. Those numbers
have prompted alarm for the financial system withinside the US after the outbreak of the
Covid 19 pandemic, and recently, inflation is likewise growing strongly,
it impacts the financial system and finances of each family and each citizen. Force human
beings to apply greater sparingly and restrict wasteful use.
That hassle indicates that the financial system is in a disaster, main to an growth in
the unemployment charge withinside the US.

_ The current unemployment charge withinside the United States is 3.07%.

3.1.2 Measurement

Unemployment charge = Number of unemployed human beings / Labor force

3.2 In Vietnam

3.2.1 The unemployment charge in Vietnam

At present, the monetary situation is recuperating swiftly in maximum regions and

industries. Production and enterprise are developing strongly as compared to many
months in the past due to the fact at that time there had
been nonetheless many locations withinside us that also needed to put into effect social
distancing because of the Covid-19 epidemic. However, our use of nonetheless faces
many problems in phrases of monetary recuperation that cannot be absolutely recovered d
ue to the fact, the epidemic has left many large losses and excessive inflation
is nonetheless going on. But to get better and re-expand us of an as earlier than, we ought
to attempt to repair the financial system lots and observe the approach of the superiors to
give instructions, the unemployment state of affairs in our we of a is at a low level., as
compared to the preceding years and months. To see greater clearly,
the quantity of unemployed human beings withinside the months earlier than 2022 is
almost 1.06 million human beings, a lower of 13. 9 thousand human beings earlier
than and mainly a lower of 658.1 thousand human beings as compared to
the preceding year.

The unemployment charge in our us of is presently 2.28%.

3.2.2 Measurement

Unemployment rate = Number of unemployed humans / Labor force

3.3 In Japan

3.3.1 The unemployment rate in Japan

_ The Ministry of Communications of Japan (MIC) introduced the

employment scenario in August withinside the us in which the relative
unemployment fee was reduced from 2.6% to 2.5%. The lower is because
of the recuperation of the home provider industry.

At the give up of September, the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications of

Japan confirmed a lower withinside the unemployment fee. This is a superb issue that
has stepped forward withinside the beyond 4 months.

_ According to MIC, the variety of unemployed humans has reduced to 10,000 humans as
compared to the preceding month. The general variety of
salaried humans fell from 40000 to 67.3 million. Even so, the unemployment fee in
Japan continues to be better than before the Covid-19 epidemic occurred.
_ At the equal time, Japan's Ministry of Health, and Labor (MHLW), this August the
employment fee improved to 0.03 from the preceding month to 1.32. So that
is the eighth month that this fee has improved. This unemployment fee will hold to lower
because the give up of October Japan opens across the world to overseas tourists. This
will create situations for humans to have jobs way to the advertising of the
provider and tourism industries.

3. 3.2 Measurement

Unemployment rate = Number of unemployed humans / Labor force