The gallbladder-WPS Office
The gallbladder-WPS Office
The gallbladder-WPS Office
The gallbladder is made up of several layers of tissue, including an outer serous layer, a middle muscular
layer, and an inner mucosal layer. These layers work together to help the gallbladder perform its
functions.
The gallbladder has three main parts: the fundus, body, and neck. The fundus is the rounded, bulbous
part of the gallbladder that extends beyond the liver. The body is the main portion of the gallbladder,
and it tapers down to the neck, which connects to the cystic duct.
The gallbladder has a single opening called the cystic duct, which connects to the common bile duct. The
cystic duct has a spiral valve called the sphincter of Oddi, which helps regulate the flow of bile into and
out of the gallbladder.
The gallbladder also has a blood supply from the cystic artery, which branches off from the hepatic
artery. The cystic vein drains blood from the gallbladder and connects to the portal vein.
The liver is a large organ located in the upper right quadrant of the abdomen, and it is suspended from
the diaphragm and the abdominal wall by several ligaments. These ligaments play an essential role in
supporting the liver and maintaining its position within the abdominal cavity.
Falciform ligament: This is a broad and flat ligament that attaches the liver to the anterior abdominal
wall and the diaphragm. It separates the right and left lobes of the liver and contains the ligamentum
teres, which is the remnant of the fetal umbilical vein.
Coronary ligament: This is a double-layered ligament that surrounds the bare area of the liver and
attaches the liver to the diaphragm. The right and left coronary ligaments merge with the falciform
ligament.
Triangular ligaments: There are two triangular ligaments, the right and left, which extend from the
corners of the bare area of the liver to the diaphragm. They provide support to the liver and help to
maintain its position.
Round ligament: This is also called the ligamentum teres, and it is the remnant of the fetal umbilical
vein. It runs from the umbilicus to the inferior surface of the liver and is contained within the falciform
ligament.
Hepatoduodenal ligament: This is a double-layered ligament that contains the common bile duct, the
hepatic artery, and the portal vein. It connects the liver to the duodenum and is an important structure
for the vascular and biliary supply of the liver.