Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 29 views

    1b-1 Factorising Expressions

    Uploaded by

    riya shukla
    This document provides examples and explanations for factorizing algebraic expressions. It discusses factorizing quadratics by finding two numbers whose product is the constant term and whose sum is the coefficient of the linear term. It also covers factorizing the difference of two squares. Several step-by-step examples are worked through to demonstrate factorizing quadratics, the difference of two squares, and rational expressions. Practice problems are provided for students to try factorizing various algebraic expressions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    1b-1 Factorising Expressions

    Uploaded by

    riya shukla
    29 views4 pages
    This document provides examples and explanations for factorizing algebraic expressions. It discusses factorizing quadratics by finding two numbers whose product is the constant term and whose sum is the coefficient of the linear term. It also covers factorizing the difference of two squares. Several step-by-step examples are worked through to demonstrate factorizing quadratics, the difference of two squares, and rational expressions. Practice problems are provided for students to try factorizing various algebraic expressions.

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document provides examples and explanations for factorizing algebraic expressions. It discusses factorizing quadratics by finding two numbers whose product is the constant term and whose sum is the coefficient of the linear term. It also covers factorizing the difference of two squares. Several step-by-step examples are worked through to demonstrate factorizing quadratics, the difference of two squares, and rational expressions. Practice problems are provided for students to try factorizing various algebraic expressions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    29 views4 pages

    1b-1 Factorising Expressions

    Uploaded by

    riya shukla
    This document provides examples and explanations for factorizing algebraic expressions. It discusses factorizing quadratics by finding two numbers whose product is the constant term and whose sum is the coefficient of the linear term. It also covers factorizing the difference of two squares. Several step-by-step examples are worked through to demonstrate factorizing quadratics, the difference of two squares, and rational expressions. Practice problems are provided for students to try factorizing various algebraic expressions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 4

    Factorising expressions

    A LEVEL LINKS
    Scheme of work: 1b. Quadratic functions – factorising, solving, graphs and the discriminants

    Key points
     Factorising an expression is the opposite of expanding the brackets.
     A quadratic expression is in the form ax2 + bx + c, where a ≠ 0.
     To factorise a quadratic equation find two numbers whose sum is b and whose product is ac.
     An expression in the form x2 – y2 is called the difference of two squares. It factorises to (x – y)
    (x + y).

    Examples
    Example 1 Factorise 15x2y3 + 9x4y

    15x2y3 + 9x4y = 3x2y(5y2 + 3x2) The highest common factor is 3x2y.


    So take 3x2y outside the brackets and
    then divide each term by 3x2y to find
    the terms in the brackets

    Example 2 Factorise 4x2 – 25y2

    4x2 – 25y2 = (2x + 5y)(2x − 5y) This is the difference of two squares as
    the two terms can be written as
    (2x)2 and (5y)2

    Example 3 Factorise x2 + 3x – 10

    b = 3, ac = −10 1 Work out the two factors of


    ac = −10 which add to give b = 3
    (5 and −2)
    So x2 + 3x – 10 = x2 + 5x – 2x – 10 2 Rewrite the b term (3x) using these
    two factors
    = x(x + 5) – 2(x + 5) 3 Factorise the first two terms and the
    last two terms
    = (x + 5)(x – 2) 4 (x + 5) is a factor of both terms
    Example 4 Factorise 6x2 − 11x − 10

    b = −11, ac = −60 1 Work out the two factors of


    ac = −60 which add to give b = −11
    So (−15 and 4)
    6x2 − 11x – 10 = 6x2 − 15x + 4x – 10 2 Rewrite the b term (−11x) using
    these two factors
    = 3x(2x − 5) + 2(2x − 5) 3 Factorise the first two terms and the
    last two terms
    = (2x – 5)(3x + 2) 4 (2x − 5) is a factor of both terms

    Example 5 Simplify

    1 Factorise the numerator and the


    denominator

    For the numerator: 2 Work out the two factors of


    b = −4, ac = −21 ac = −21 which add to give b = −4
    (−7 and 3)
    So
    x2 − 4x – 21 = x2 − 7x + 3x – 21 3 Rewrite the b term (−4x) using these
    two factors
    = x(x − 7) + 3(x − 7) 4 Factorise the first two terms and the
    last two terms
    = (x – 7)(x + 3) 5 (x − 7) is a factor of both terms

    For the denominator: 6 Work out the two factors of


    b = 9, ac = 18 ac = 18 which add to give b = 9
    (6 and 3)
    So
    2x2 + 9x + 9 = 2x2 + 6x + 3x + 9 7 Rewrite the b term (9x) using these
    two factors
    = 2x(x + 3) + 3(x + 3) 8 Factorise the first two terms and the
    last two terms
    = (x + 3)(2x + 3) 9 (x + 3) is a factor of both terms
    So
    10 (x + 3) is a factor of both the
    numerator and denominator so
    cancels out as a value divided by
    itself is 1
    =
    Practice
    1 Factorise.
    Hint
    a 6x4y3 – 10x3y4 b 21a3b5 + 35a5b2
    c 25x2y2 – 10x3y2 + 15x2y3 Take the highest
    common factor
    2 Factorise outside the bracket.
    a x2 + 7x + 12 b x2 + 5x – 14
    c x2 – 11x + 30 d x2 – 5x – 24
    e x2 – 7x – 18 f x2 + x –20
    g x2 – 3x – 40 h x2 + 3x – 28

    3 Factorise
    a 36x2 – 49y2 b 4x2 – 81y2
    c 18a2 – 200b2c2

    4 Factorise
    a 2x2 + x –3 b 6x2 + 17x + 5
    c 2x2 + 7x + 3 d 9x2 – 15x + 4
    e 10x2 + 21x + 9 f 12x2 – 38x + 20

    5 Simplify the algebraic fractions.

    a b

    c d

    e f

    6 Simplify

    a b

    c d

    Extend

    7 Simplify

    8 Simplify
    Answers
    1 a 2x3y3(3x – 5y) b 7a3b2(3b3 + 5a2)
    c 5x2y2(5 – 2x + 3y)

    2 a (x + 3)(x + 4) b (x + 7)(x – 2)
    c (x – 5)(x – 6) d (x – 8)(x + 3)
    e (x – 9)(x + 2) f (x + 5)(x – 4)
    g (x – 8)(x + 5) h (x + 7)(x – 4)

    3 a (6x – 7y)(6x + 7y) b (2x – 9y)(2x + 9y)


    c 2(3a – 10bc)(3a + 10bc)

    4 a (x – 1)(2x + 3) b (3x + 1)(2x + 5)


    c (2x + 1)(x + 3) d (3x – 1)(3x – 4)
    e (5x + 3)(2x +3) f 2(3x – 2)(2x –5)

    5 a b

    c d

    e f

    6 a b

    c d

    7 (x + 5)

    You might also like