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    PLN2 Module 3.miko

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    Shamma Ira Sadim Valte
    This document provides a history of urban design from pre-historic times to the industrial revolution. It discusses early settlements like Catal Huyuk which had mud brick architecture with houses touching and no doors. Later, ancient Egyptian and Greek cities had monumental architecture and public spaces. Roman cities emphasized grid plans, cardo and decumanus streets, and public forums. Medieval towns enclosed and grew organically. The Renaissance revived classical forms and emphasized symmetry. The industrial revolution led to new industrial towns and environmental degradation, marking the beginning of urban design as a field.

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    PLN2 Module 3.miko

    Uploaded by

    Shamma Ira Sadim Valte
    26 views31 pages
    This document provides a history of urban design from pre-historic times to the industrial revolution. It discusses early settlements like Catal Huyuk which had mud brick architecture with houses touching and no doors. Later, ancient Egyptian and Greek cities had monumental architecture and public spaces. Roman cities emphasized grid plans, cardo and decumanus streets, and public forums. Medieval towns enclosed and grew organically. The Renaissance revived classical forms and emphasized symmetry. The industrial revolution led to new industrial towns and environmental degradation, marking the beginning of urban design as a field.

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    PLN2 Module 3.Miko

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    This document provides a history of urban design from pre-historic times to the industrial revolution. It discusses early settlements like Catal Huyuk which had mud brick architecture with houses touching and no doors. Later, ancient Egyptian and Greek cities had monumental architecture and public spaces. Roman cities emphasized grid plans, cardo and decumanus streets, and public forums. Medieval towns enclosed and grew organically. The Renaissance revived classical forms and emphasized symmetry. The industrial revolution led to new industrial towns and environmental degradation, marking the beginning of urban design as a field.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    26 views31 pages

    PLN2 Module 3.miko

    Uploaded by

    Shamma Ira Sadim Valte
    This document provides a history of urban design from pre-historic times to the industrial revolution. It discusses early settlements like Catal Huyuk which had mud brick architecture with houses touching and no doors. Later, ancient Egyptian and Greek cities had monumental architecture and public spaces. Roman cities emphasized grid plans, cardo and decumanus streets, and public forums. Medieval towns enclosed and grew organically. The Renaissance revived classical forms and emphasized symmetry. The industrial revolution led to new industrial towns and environmental degradation, marking the beginning of urban design as a field.

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    MODULE 3

    M.V.ABUAN

    HISTORY
    OF
    URBAN DESIGN
    To study history, one must be
    part of the story
    WHAT ARE THE THREE
    ESSENTIALS OF SURVIVAL
    ACCORDING TO HUMAN
    HISTORY?

    FOOD

    WATER

    SHELTER
    the law of human history

    …that mankind first of all must’ eat,


    drink, have shelter and clothing, before
    it can pursue politics, science, art,
    religion etc’.
    PRE-HISTORIC and ANCIENT
    CIVILIZATION
    CATAL HUYUK
    CATAL HUYUK

    •mud and brick


    architecture

    • no doors, entrance were


    at the roof

    • no roads in between
    houses; houses touch
    each other
    CATAL HUYUK
    (Central Anatolia)
    KHIROKITIA
    (Cyprus)
    KHIROKITIA
    •Circular huts

    • Mud and brick

    • Recessed into
    the ground
    MASSIVE ARCHITECTURE

    MONUMENTAL

    SPACIOUS / WIDE AREAS


    ANCIENT EGYPTIAN ELEMENTS

    • Ornaments – lotus, palm,


    scarab

    • Hieroglyphs and bas-reliefs


    DEFINING CHARACTERISTICS

    Defensive Walls
    Intensive Agriculture
    Craftsmanship
    Authoritarian / Monarchial (Ruled by Kings)
    CLASSICAL PERIOD
    ORNAMENTAL

    SCALE & PROPORTION


    BEAUTY & ORDER

    RAISED / ELEVATED
    SPACES
    GREEK ATTRIBUTES

    • Ornaments – corinthian, ionic, doric

    • Scale and proportion; entasis

    • Public spaces – agora, colonnades

    • Elevated spaces – because of terrain

    • Hippodamian planning – grid iron plan


    SIMPLIFIED ORNAMENTS

    MORE PUBLIC SPACES

    MONUMENTAL STRUCTURES
    ROMAN ATTRIBUTES

    • Ornaments – tuscan, composite

    • Scale and proportion – imposing

    • Public spaces – Roman forum

    • Rigid, formal and almost fascist in design

    • Military architecture - rectangular plots, grid iron plan

    • Concept of north-south (cardo) and east-west (decumanus)


    MEDIEVAL AND RENAISSANCE PERIOD
    MIDDLE AGES
    • enclosed towns

    • usually near ports

    • organic urban growth

    • streets followed the slopes

    • less open spaces

    • tight and narrow roads


    SCALE & PROPORTION

    REVIVAL OF ORNAMENTS
    RENAISSANCE
    • focus on symmetry

    • linear visual quality

    • visual impact

    • revival of the classics

    • Greek and Roman ornaments

    • public art
    RENAISSANCE

    PATTE D’OIE

    • Radiating roads of
    three or more that
    terminates into a
    single point

    • Also known as
    “goose foot”
    INDUSTRIAL
    REVOLUTION

    • shift from
    agriculture to
    manufacturing
    • development of
    industrial towns
    • invention of the
    steam engine and
    automobiles
    • crude
    environmental
    degradation
    … BIRTH OF URBAN DESIGN

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