Inclusive Education - The Philippine Perspective

INCLUSIVE
EDUCATION: THE
PHILIPPINE
PERSPECTIVE
OUTLINE
➔Undertakings of Special Education
➔Goals, VMGO and Objectives of Special
Education
➔General Information on Inclusive
Education
➔Current Difficulties and Challenges
➔Proposed Initiatives/Recommendations Vision for Children with Special Needs
➔By 21st century, it is envisioned that CSNs

could be adequately provided with basic
education. This education should fully realize
his/her own potentials for development and
productively as well as being capable of
selfexpression of his/her rights in society.
More importantly, he/she is God-loving and
proud of being a Filipino.
➔It is envisioned that the child with special
needs will get full parental and community
support for his/her education without
discrimination of any kind. This special child
should also be provided with a healthy
Undertakings of Special Education
environment along with leisure and
recreation and social security measures. –
➔Promote access, equity and participation
(Department of Education Handbook on
of children with special needs education in
Inclusive Education, 2000)
the mainstream of basic education
➔Improve the quality, relevance and
Policy, Goal and Objectives of Special Ed
efficiency of special education in schools
and communities
➔The policy on Inclusive Education for All is
➔Sustain special education programs and
adopted in the Philippines to accelerate
services in the country
access to education among children and
youth with special needs. Inclusive
Education forms an integral component of
the overall educational system that is
committed to an appropriate education for
all children and youth with special needs.
➔The goal of the special education
programs of the Department of Education all
over the country is to provide children with
special needs appropriate educational
services within the mainstream of basic
education.
➔Two-planned goal
1. Development of key strategies o
legislation, human resource
development,
family involvement and active ➔Policies and Guidelines in Special
participation of government and non- Education
government organizations.
2. Addressing major issues on PHILIPPINES ADOPTS
attitudinal barriers of the general INTERNATIONAL DOCUMENTS ON IE
public and efforts towards the
institutionalization and sustainability ➔UN Conventions on the
of special education programs and Rights of the Child (1989)
services. ➔World Declaration on
Education for All (1990)
➔Aims of Special Education ➔UNESCO Salamanca
1. Provide flexible and individualized Statement and Framework for
support system for children and Action (1994)
youth with special needs in a regular
class environment in schools INCLUSION DEFINED
nearest the students’ home;
2. Provide support services, ➔Reaching out to all learners
vocational programs and work ➔Addressing and responding to diversity of
training, employment opportunities needs of all children, youth and adults
for efficient community participation ➔Involves changes and modification in
and independent living; content,
3. Implement a life-long curriculum approaches, structures and strategies
to include early intervention and
parent education, basic education PHILIPPINE MODEL OF INCLUSION
and transition programs on
vocational training or preparation for ➔Partial mainstreaming
college; and towards inclusion
4. Sped Centers built on “a school -students are
within a school concept” as resource educated in regular
center for children and youth with classes
special needs. - receive additional
help or specialized
EDUCATION POLICIES services
- pull-out
➔The right to education is a basic human
right. ➔Full mainstreaming or inclusion
➔All children and youth shall have access to - complete regular
quality education. instruction
➔Inclusive education shall be concerned - receive all special
with all learners, with focus on those who services in general
have traditionally been excluded from classroom
educational opportunities.
➔Support system shall be organized and
delivered holistically.
PUBLIC POLICY SUPPORT ON

INCLUSIVE EDUCATION
➔The 1987 Philippine Constitution

➔P.D. 603 - The Child and Youth
WelfarecCode
➔RA. 7610 – Special Protection of Children
against
Child Abuse, Exploitation and Discrimination
Act
➔R.A. 7277- The Magna Carta for Disabled
Persons amended by R.A 9442
SUSTAINING PROGRAMS FOR CSNs
➔Establishment
of Special
Education
Centers
nationwide
➔Provision of
SPED items ALTERNATIVE DELIVERY MODES
➔Funds
➔Conduct of training
programs for
teachers handling children
with
various disabilities
➔Conduct of training for
school
heads and supervisors
➔Development of
instructional
materials for children with
Disabilities
➔Conduct of
advocacy
strategies like
the SPED
caravan in
regions and
divisions without
SPED centers or
without SPED
programs
CURRENT ISSUES & CHALLENGES
➔Implementation of
various
intervention
programs, like:
Early Intervention
Transition program
Headstart program
➔Increase the holding power of schools over

these children
➔Make existing resources and other support Second, inclusion means
systems adaptable and suitable to the needs implementing a multi-level, multi-modality
of inclusive education curriculum.
➔Mobilize parents and other duty bearers in
supporting inclusive education Third, inclusion means preparing
➔Provide post-school support to fully and supporting teachers to teach
integrate and enable disadvantaged children interactively.
to participate in gainful employment or
productive work. Fourth, inclusion means providing
on going support for teachers in the
SOCIAL BENIFITS classroom and breaking down barriers of
professional isolations.
➔ Creates positive social and attitudinal
changes in both regular and disadvantaged Fifth, inclusion means involving
children such as: parents in the planning process in
a. Reducing and eliminating meaningful ways.
prejudices against disabled children
b. Improving self-concept or self- INCLUSION means…
esteem
c. Growth in social cognition
d. Encouraging greater participation
in social progress
PROPOSED
INITIATIVES/RECOMMENDATIONS
1. Ensuring education through early learning
intervention
2. Rationalizing the establishment of more
centers: special education centers,
community centers, drop-in centers
3. Capability building for teachers of diverse
learners at pre service levels
4. Adopting equivalency, testing and
acceleration programs to diverse learners
POTENTIAL BENEFITS OF
INCLUSION
1. Reduce fear of human differences
accompanied by increased comfort and
awareness
2. Growth in social cognition
3. Improvement of self-concept
4. Development of personal principles
5. Warm and caring friendship
SALIENT FEATURES OF
INCLUSIVE EDUCATION
First, inclusion means implementing
and maintaining warm and accepting
classroom communities that embrace
diversity and honor differences.

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INCLUSIVE

➔By 21st century, it is envisioned that CSNs

PUBLIC POLICY SUPPORT ON

➔The 1987 Philippine Constitution

CURRENT ISSUES & CHALLENGES

➔Increase the holding power of schools over

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