Name : Nabilah Fatimathul Qaidah

NPM : C1B022001
Class : A
Course : Introduction to Marketing
Lecturer: Prof. Lizar Alfansi, S.E., M.B.A., Ph.D

INDIVIDUAL TASK
TURKEY
Turkey is a country located on two continents, Southeast Europe and Southwest
Asia. The official name of Turkey is Turkiye Cumhuriyeti. The capital of the country is Ankara.
However, the largest city in the country is Istanbul. The type of government is republic and it
became independent on October 29, 1923. Turkey is one of the founding members of the UN,
OIC, OECD, and OSCE and several other international organizations. Administratively, Turkey
has 81 provinces. Turkish is the official language of the Republic of Turkey and the Turkish
Republic of Northern Cyprus.
Turkey's territory extends from the Anatolian Peninsula in Northwest Asia to the
Balkans in Southeast Europe. The country with 783,562 km2 has borders with various countries
from many sides. Turkey borders the Black Sea to the north; Bulgaria to the northwest; Greece
and the Aegean Sea to the west; Georgia to the northeast; Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Iran to the
east; Iraq and Syria to the southeast; and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. The Sea of
Marmara, which is part of Turkey, is used to mark the borders of continental Europe and
continental Asia, so Turkey is known as a transcontinental country.

A. Demographic
In terms of demographics, the majority of Turkish citizens are Muslims, followed
by Christians, Jews, and other religions. However, as the days go by, the Atheist rate in Turkey is
increasing. Turkish citizens have the nationality of Turk. The ethnic groups of this country are
Balkar, Bashkir, Karachai, Kazakh, Mogay, Kyrgyz, and many more. The age structure in this
country is filled with young people. Turkey's total population in 2022 is 85,279,533. In 2018,
Turkey's birth rate was 16,027 per 1000 people. Life expectancy is 77.437. For the sex ratio in
the population, in 2019, it was 0.974 male/female. In this year, the number of males was around
43 million, while females were 42 million. These proportions show that there are almost equal
numbers. Turkey's population growth rate is always on the rise from year to year.
The unique habits of turkish people such as feeding wild cats, turkish tea and,
coffee every time, honking the horn nonstop, putting on nazarlik amulets, drumming during
ramadan, serving yoghurt at the dinner table, the existence of the golden day, hanging a basket in
front of the window, sharing bread, sowing wheat on the hilltop. have the same tradition of
Lebaran homecoming.

B. Social
Saying greetings and being friendly are also part of the brotherhood built by
Turkish citizens. No wonder they are very welcoming to foreigners. You don't have to be afraid
to make small talk with them. Turkish people love drinking tea and chatting sweetly together. In
the social field, Turkey establishes cooperative relationships with other countries. Such as Turkey
and Syria earthquake fundraising, Covid-19 pandemic alert, solidarity action for Muslims, and
others.
Today, according to Turkey's trade ministry there are 19 countries with which the
country has free trade, including Israel. Turkey is one step towards western countries that are
characterized by: democracy, not using conservative rules, and embracing the principle of market
freedom. Since then Turkey has embraced secularism, so that many people including
international relations analysts call Turkey a democratic secular pluralist Islamic state.
Turkey experienced a change in ideology from secularism to Erdogan's Islamism.
The rise of modernization brought by the West eventually affected many things in Turkey. Not
only the social system, but also people's lives. This can be seen from the existence of cultural
acculturation, for example, from the smallest things, such as the type of cuisine, drinks, to how
Turkish people dress.

C. Economic
Turkey's economy is categorized as an emerging market economy by the IMF.
Turkey is one of the developed countries in the world according to the CIA World Factbook.
Turkey has the 18th largest nominal GDP and 17th largest PPP GDP in the world. In the 2022
quarter, the economy grew by 7.67%. The inflation rate in this country is very high in the last 10
years, reaching 8.3%, this figure always rises above the target set by the country. The economic
progress achieved by Turkey did not make the level of welfare well distributed.
By July 2023, the unemployment rate will reach 9.40%. The labor force
participation rate is 53.40%. According to CEIC data, Turkey's per capita income will be
10,655,460 USD in 2022. This record has increased from the previous year, 9,591,615 USD. Iron
and steel, which is one of the main export commodities, grew significantly by 94.1% from 2020
to 2021. In second place for increased export sales are mineral fuels including oil which rose
80.5% led by refined petroleum. Turkey is located in Southeast Europe and Southwest Asia.
Besides being rich in natural resources such as iron ore, copper, coal, limestone, marble, sulfur,
and clay, the country also has a variety of agricultural products, including grains, tobacco, olives,
oranges, and cotton.
The main industries of Turkey are textiles, food processing, automotive,
electronics, tourism, mining, construction and timber. For imports, Turkey imports commodities
such as machinery, chemicals, fuel, intermediate goods, and transportation facilities. The
countries of origin are China, Germany, Russia, the United States, and Italy.
In tourism, international tourist arrivals in Turkey reached 29.9 million in 2021.
And experienced an increase to 2022 which is 50.45 million. In 2020, the decline only reached
15.89 million. These arrivals mostly come from the European region, followed by the Middle
East, Asia Pacific and Africa and America. Turkey's revenue from these arrivals, in 2021 reached
26.6 USD billion. For one arrival, the revenue is 890 USD. In 2022 it decreased to 820 USD.
The countries that visit Turkey the most are Russia, Bulgariam, United Kingdom, Georgia and
Iran, followed by other countries.
Turkish tourist expenditure in 2021 reached 1.65 USD billion. This has increased
from the previous year, 2020, reaching 1.04 USD billion. In one departure, the public
expenditure reached 603 USD. The previous year it was 464 USD. A total of 2.7 million
international tourists departed from Turkey. Turkey's international travel destinations are Spain,
Ukraine, Italy, United States and Israel, followed by other countries.
The data from UNWTO, Turkish people visit more in the region and the people of
other countries who visit Turkey are more than the region. Then, how to attract Turkish tourists
to be able to visit Indonesia. Turkish tourists travel to Indonesia frequently, and an effective
marketing strategy can help attract them there. To attract Turkish visitors, it is important to
conduct in-depth market research, develop a customized marketing strategy, translate
promotional materials into Turkish, highlight Indonesian attractions, offer packages and
discounts, work closely with Turkish travel agencies, build a strong online presence, engage
influencers, provide information on visa requirements, be culturally sensitive, emphasize safety
and health precautions, and continuously collect feedback from visitors. Travel companies can
contribute to the creation of an exceptional and unforgettable experience for visitors.

Building good relations between countries is also an added value so that the two
societies can relate both socially, economically and culturally. In conclusion, the customs of
Turkish society are different from other countries. There are customs that are common in Turkey
but not in other countries. Turkey is one of the Muslim countries that is a developed country.
Similar to Middle Eastern countries, Turkey's resources are mostly taken from mining such as
nickel, petroleum and others. Turkey is also a religious tour, for example a tour of Hagia Sophia
which was once a church, now a magnificent mosque. This destination is the main destination for
tourists.

REFERENCES:

Admin. (n.d.). Ekonomi Turki. Retrieved from Ensiklopedia Dunia:

https://p2k.stekom.ac.id/ensiklopedia/Ekonomi_Turki
Admin. (n.d.). Global and regional tourism performance. Retrieved from The World
Organization (UNWTO): https://www.unwto.org/tourism-data/global-and-regional-
tourism-performance
Admin. (n.d.). Profil Negara Turki. Retrieved from KEMLU:
https://www.kemlu.go.id/istanbul/id/pages/profil_negara_turki/3232/etc-menu
Admin. (n.d.). Turki. Retrieved from Atlas Big: https://www.atlasbig.com/id/turki
Sarah, S. (n.d.). Kesejahteraan sosial di negara Turki. Retrieved from Academia.edu:
cademia.edu/37481848/Kesejahteraan_sosial_di_negara_Turki