Objective of Robotics

➔ Industry Automation-
◆ use control systems, computers and information technology to handle various
industrial processes and machinery.
◆ The ultimate aim is to replace manual labour and increase efficiency, speed, and
overall performance.
➔ Smart, IoT and Embedded Systems
◆ An embedded system is a combination of computer hardware and software
designed for a specific function. Embedded systems may also function within a
larger system. The systems can be programmable or have a fixed functionality.
Industrial machines, consumer electronics, agricultural and processing industry
devices, automobiles, medical equipment, cameras, digital watches, household
appliances, aeroplanes, vending machines and toys, as well as mobile devices, are
possible locations for an embedded system.
◆ Examples of standalone embedded systems include:
● Digital cameras.
● Digital wristwatches.
● MP3 players.
● Appliances, such as refrigerators, washing machines, and microwave
ovens.
● Temperature measurement systems.
● Calculators.
● Some real-world examples of IoT are
◆ wearable fitness and trackers (like Fitbits) and IoT healthcare applications, voice
assistants (Siri and Alexa), smart cars (Tesla), and smart appliances (iRobot).
With IoTs rapid deployment coming into contact with multiple IoT devices every
day will be unavoidable soon.

➔ Efficient task-specific Robot

➔
4th Industrial Revolution

What exactly is the Fourth Industrial Revolution — and why should you care?

The Fourth Industrial Revolution is a way of describing the blurring of boundaries between the
physical, digital, and biological worlds. It’s a fusion of advances in artificial intelligence (AI),
robotics, the Internet of Things (IoT), 3D printing, genetic engineering, quantum computing, and
other technologies. It’s the collective force behind many products and services that are fast
becoming indispensable to modern life. Think GPS systems that suggest the fastest route to a
destination, voice-activated virtual assistants such as Apple’s Siri, personalized Netflix
recommendations, and Facebook’s ability to recognize your face and tag you in a friend’s photo.
As a result of this perfect storm of technologies, the Fourth Industrial Revolution is paving the
way for transformative changes in the way we live and radically disrupting almost every business
sector. It’s all happening at an unprecedented, whirlwind pace (and it’s why Salesforce built the
Customer Success Platform to keep up with changing customer expectations).

Industry Automation

● Assembly
● Painting
● Welding machine
● Material removal and polishing robots
● Quality inspection
● AUTOMOTIVE MANUFACTURING

What is a blockchain in simple words?

Blockchain is a system of recording information in a way that makes it difficult or

impossible to change, hack, or cheat the system. A blockchain is essentially a digital
ledger of transactions that is duplicated and distributed across the entire network of
computer systems on the blockchain.

Popular Humanoid Robot

1. Sophia
Considered the most advanced, and most famous, humanoid robot, Hanson Robotics’ Sophia
debuted in 2016 and is the first robot Innovation Ambassador for the United Nations
Development

2. Jia Jia

China’s first humanoid robot, Jia Jia was by the University of Science and Technology research
team in China and is known for its realistic and attractive appearance. The robot can hold a
normal conversation with a person with microbial facial expression powered by
speech-generation algorithms and facial recognition technologies. This robot is also controlled
entirely by cloud technology.

3. Atlas
Considered by some as ‘the world’s most dynamic humanoid’, Altas was created to assist
humans in dangerous tasks such as search and rescue missions. The robot was developed by
Boston Dynamics and was funded by the U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
(DARPA). The robot is 6ft tall and can perform impressive jumps and backflips.

4. TALOS

PAL Robotics’ TALOS was created to help in industrial applications and can incur a load of 6kg
with each arm fully extended. The walking biped humanoid robot is fully torque-controllable
with torque sensor feedback in all joints, which enables powerful sensing and multi-contact
motions. The closed-loop torque control can be used for whole-body control inverse dynamics
and safe interaction with the environment.

● Remote control vehicle (RC)

In general, a remote control robot uses a microcontroller which acts as the robot's
brain.
It receives information from sensors and the input portion of the human interface (the
remote control itself), decides what to do, then sends commands to the motion systems
and the output part of the human interface.

● Unmanned ground vehicle (UGV)

What is UGV and UAV?
Unmanned Vehicles can be categorized as Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGVs), which
are further classified as remotely operated and autonomous, Unmanned UnderWater
Vehicles (UUVs) and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs).
UGVs are used for a wide range of civilian applications such as urban search and
rescue, firefighting, nuclear plant operations, crowd control and agricultural
spraying and harvesting.
The UGV, or Unmanned Ground Vehicle, is a heavily armed drone capable of tackling
tough terrain as it rolls through enemy fire, delivering heavy hits of its own.

● Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)

UAVs are used for observation and tactical planning. This technology is now available
for use in the emergency response field to assist the crew members. UAVs are
classified based on the altitude range, endurance and weight, and support a wide range of
applications including military and commercial applications.
 ● Parallel robot definition

A parallel robot is composed of a mobile platform connected to a fixed base by a set of

identical parallel kinematic chains, which are called legs. The end-effector is fixed to the
mobile platform.

What is robotic paradigm in AI?

In robotics, a robotic paradigm is a mental model of how a robot operates. A robotic

paradigm can be described by the relationship between the three basic elements of
robotics: Sensing, Planning, and Acting.

How to analyze a paradigm:

1. The relationship between the commonly accepted primitives of robotics: SENSE,

PLAN, ACT.
○ SENSE - takes information (from sensors) and produces ``output'' for
other components to use.
○ PLAN - takes information (from sensors or other functional components
plus its ``world knowledge'') and produces tasks to perform.
○ ACT - functional components which carry out the tasks (typically
associated with ``output''.)
2. The mechanisms for processing and distributing sensory data throughout the
system.

Hierarchical Paradigm

``Traditional'' model of intelligence. Prevalent from 1967-90 [RM]. Aka ``Deliberative'' or

Planner-based Control.

● processing [intelligence] revolves around an internal representation of the world

in which the robot acts. [This ''world view'' might contain a physical model of the
world, as well as the machine's opinion of it (dangerous areas, for example).
● The robot operates via top-down reasoning/control.
● Based on ``introspective view'' of how people think. This view might apply to
some aspects of human reasoning, but it is unlikely to be an ethologist's view of
how a sentient being navigates through an obstacle course.
● A big drawback of this approach is the cost of world modelling - both in terms of
creating the model and analyzing it at each step. Additionally, since the planning
is done inside the world model and not in the real world, an important goal is to
reduce the difference between both.
What is cognition data?

Cognitive data capture uses artificial intelligence (AI) to mimic the way the human
mind reads structured documents.

Reactive Paradigm

The reactive approach was instigated, apparently consciously, as a model of animal

behavior. Ethologically guided/constrained design is grounded in the notion that studies
of animal behavior can provide valuable insights into human-like robotic behaviors.

One such example comes from Arbib and House's (1987) studies of the navigational
behavior of the toad and its relationship to Arkin's (1989) schema-based robotic
navigational system. In this instance, motion divergence fields are specified for a toad
navigating amid a collection of poles toward a can of worms. This model provides an
analogous means for representing robot behaviors using a modified potential (force)
field method. The key phrase for the design process here is ''ethologically guided":
consulting the biological literature for classifications, decompositions, and specifications
of behaviors that would be useful for robotic systems, but not necessarily being
constrained by them. [RA]

Ethologists classify animal behavior into one of three gross divisions:

● Reflexive behavior - a stimuli creates a response

● Reactive behavior - moves made unconsciously to get to a goal, e.g., walking
● Conscious behavior
Additional quantifiers on behavior allude to its origin as innate, the result of a sequence,
coming from memory, or learned.

Often animal behaviors appear to be chained - a prey animal will startle, flee, stop, track
the predator (if it has stopped its pursuit).

So, to code a "reactive robot-animal", we have to :

- Break its comportment into behaviors,

- Find "releasers" for the behaviors [external stimuli, internal stimuli (memory), other
mechanisms]
- Design an action and sensing sequence,
- Implement the sequence iteratively or as threads.

Hybrid Deliberative/Reactive Paradigm

Note that the hierarchical paradigm lacks

- low-level, immediate interaction with its environment;

- the types of behaviors that lead to concepts like "muscle memory";

And the reactive paradigm appears to

- lack the ability to explain and incorporate high-level human intelligence;

- have capabilities of reacting only at the stimulus-response level reflected in the work of
B.F. Skinner;
- be incapable of any form of planning

Thus it seems the "solution" — if any approximation of it exists — might require another
model of operation. Given that the two methodologies mentioned have strong
acceptance as explaining or emulating many aspects of human intelligence, it's
reasonable to think that they be combined in some interesting way(s) to provide one
such modelling paradigm(s).

Behavior-Based Paradigm

Behavior-based systems share aspects with reactive systems. Both are bottom-up
paradigms with distributed modules. But behavior-based systems incorporate the ability
to store representations, while the (pure) reactive paradigm precludes this.

Behavior-based robotics (BBR) bridges the fields of artificial intelligence, engineering,

and cognitive science. The behavior-based approach is a methodology for designing
autonomous agents and robots; it is a type of intelligent agent architecture. [Note use of
the term ``architecture'' here.] Architectures supply structure and impose constraints on
the way robot control problems are solved. The behavior-based methodology imposes a
general, biologically inspired, bottom-up philosophy, allowing for a certain freedom of
interpretation. Its goal is to develop methods for controlling artificial systems (usually
physical robots, but also simulated robots and other autonomous software agents) and
to use robotics to model and better understand biological systems (usually animals,
ranging from insects to humans). [Mataric]
 ● Subsystems
• Recognition: Sensors (Measure status), and ADC
• Control (Supervision) Control (Supervision): DAC, and Digital Controller
• Motion: Manipulator (Arm & Wrist), End : Manipulator (Arm & Wrist), End Effector,
Actuators (Set in motion), and Transmission

Recognition Subsystem
(i) Sensors (Essentially transducers) Sensors (Essentially transducers) - Converts a signal to
another Converts a signal to another
(ii) Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) Digital Converter (ADC) - Electronic device Electronic
device

Motion Subsystem
i) Manipulator: Mechanical arm + wrist ) Manipulator: Mechanical arm + wrist (Difference
between Robot and Manipulator?)
ii) E d ii) End-effector - Welding torch, painting brush, etc. Welding torch, painting brush, etc. -
Robot hand Robot hand - Simple grippers Simple gripper
(iii) Actuator - Pneumatic, Hydraulic, Electric Pneumatic, Hydraulic, Electric
(iv) Transmission - Belt and chain drives Belt and chain drives - Gears - Link mechanisms

Control Subsystem
(i) Digital Controller Digital Controller - CPU, Memory, Hard disk (to store CPU, Memory, Hard
disk (to store programs)
(ii) Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC) Analog Converter (DAC)
(iii) Amplifier - Amplify weak commands from DAC Amplify weak commands from DA

Robot Manipulator:
In robotics, a manipulator is a device used to manipulate materials without direct
physical contact by the operator. The applications were originally for dealing with
radioactive or biohazardous materials, using robotic arms, or they were used in
inaccessible places.
A manipulator robot can be defined as equipment consisting of a set of mechanical, electrical,
and electronic components that are programmed to perform repetitive tasks automatically.
Examples of robotic manipulators are:
● Canadarm
● Terabot-S by Oceaneering Space Systems
● SCARA
● da Vinci Surgical System

What is a gear in robotics?

Gears are mechanical parts with cut teeth designed to mesh with teeth on another
part so as to transmit or receive force and motion. In Robotics Gears are used to
transfer rotational forces between axles.
Motors:
Motors are one of the primary mechanisms by which robots move. Some motors can be
attached to wheels that drive a robot around. Other motors might cause joints in a robot
limb to move. Yet others might move the control surfaces of a robotic aeroplane or
submarine.
motors convert the electrical energy that powers the robot into mechanical energy that
allows the robot to do work. There are two measurements of a motor that are important
for understanding how much work it can do.

Speed is what the maximum speed of the motor is. This is usually measured in
revolutions per minute, or RPM. 1 RPM means that the axle of the motor will turn
completely around a circle once in a minute, which is very slow. Even a very cheap DC
motor will have a speed rating of at least 1000 RPM.

Torque is the measure of how much strength the motor outputs. A simple way to think
about it is that if you attached an arm with a weight on it to the axis of the motor, what is
the maximum amount of weight that the motor could lift.

Typically (though not always), the higher the speed a motor has, the lower its torque
and vice versa. Part of the trick in designing and building a robot is to find motors with
the right balance of torque and speed. Gears can be used to convert speed to torque or
to torque to speed, just like in a car. In a car, first gear is a high-torque gear because the
engine needs a lot of strength to start moving the car forward. Once you are cruising on
the highway, though, the momentum of the car will do much of that work, so you need to
high speed gear to keep the car cruising at high speed. This is what the high gear of the
car does. The intermediate gears reduce torque and increase speed as they get higher.

What is a DC Motor?
DC motors take electrical power through direct current and convert this energy into
mechanical rotation.
How it works:
The term ‘DC motor’ is used to refer to any rotary electrical machine that converts direct
current electrical energy into mechanical energy. DC motors can vary in size and power
from small motors in toys and appliances to large mechanisms that power vehicles, pull
elevators and hoists, and drive steel rolling mills. But how do DC motors work?

DC motors include two key components: a stator and an armature. The stator is the
stationary part of a motor, while the armature rotates. In a DC motor, the stator provides
a rotating magnetic field that drives the armature to rotate.

A simple DC motor uses a stationary set of magnets in the stator, and a coil of wire with
a current running through it to generate an electromagnetic field aligned with the centre
of the coil. One or more windings of insulated wire are wrapped around the core of the
motor to concentrate the magnetic field.

The windings of insulated wire are connected to a commutator (a rotary electrical

switch), that applies an electrical current to the windings. The commutator allows each
armature coil to be energised in turn, creating a steady rotating force (known as torque).

When the coils are turned on and off in sequence, a rotating magnetic field is created
that interacts with the differing fields of the stationary magnets in the stator to create
torque, which causes it to rotate. These key operating principles of DC motors allow
them to convert the electrical energy from direct current into mechanical energy through
the rotating movement, which can then be used for the propulsion of objects.

Uses for DC Motors

Diesel Electric Locomotives

In a diesel electric locomotive, combustion from the diesel engine is converted into
rotational energy by the diesel engine, which is coupled with a generator that converts it
to electrical energy. The converted electrical energy is fed to DC motors that are
coupled with the wheels on the engine.

Electric Vehicles

Brushed DC motors are used in electric vehicles for retracting and positioning
electrically powered windows. Since brushed motors tend to wear out rapidly, many
electric vehicle applications use brushless motors due to their long life span and
noiselessness. Brushless DC motors are used for windshield wipers and CD players. All
of the recent hybrid electric vehicles depend on brushless DC motors.

Cranes

In applications with overhauling loads, it is important for the motor to have the ability to
hold a full load at zero speed where mechanical brakes may not be required. In those
situations, DC motors are the most cost effective and safest option. A major benefit of
their use is their size and weight.

Conveyor Systems

Conveyor systems require constant speed and high torque, which makes DC motors an
ideal option. As has been found with other applications, DC motors have high torque at
start up and even consistent speed. Brushless DC motors are the most commonly used
for conveyor applications. They are noiseless and can be easily controlled, a major
requirement for conveying systems.

Ceiling Fans

Ceiling fans made with DC motors have become extremely popular. They use less
power and have a rapid start up torque. The alternating current in a home or office is
easily converted to DC power by a transformer, an effect that decreases the amount of
power required by the fan. As with other DC motor applications, brushless DC motors
are most commonly used in ceiling fans.

Pump Drives

DC motors have been the main driving force behind pumps for several decades
because of their variable speed control, simple control system, high starting torque, and
good transient response. For many years, pumping systems depended on brushed DC
motors as their primary source of energy. The development of permanent magnet DC
motors and brushless DC motors have offered a more beneficial option for pump system
operations.

Elevators

In high speed elevators, AC motors are impractical due to their difficulty decelerating
and accurately leveling with the floor. These problems are overcome with DC motors
because they allow for infinite control of their speed by varying the current supplied to
the armature. As with ceiling fans, the operation of a DC motor for elevators depends on
changing the incoming AC current to DC current through the use of a transformer.

Advantages of Using DC Motors

Startup Torque

Constantly discussed in regard to DC motors is their high startup torque. For

applications that need constant and consistent speed with variable torque, DC motors
are the ideal choice.

Linear Speed Torque

The curve between the torque and speed of a motor explains how fast the motor spins
and how much torque it can generate. DC motors generate an exceptional speed to
torque curve that is more linear than other motors.

No Harmonic Effects

Harmonic effects degrade a power system‘s performance and reliability and may
become a safety problem. When harmonic effects exist, they must be immediately
identified and corrected. Damage to equipment can cause metal components to heat up
and become dangerous. This particular issue is not a problem in the operation of DC
motors.

Speed Control

Another factor that is regularly discussed regarding DC motors is the ability to monitor
and control their speed. When working with a heavy load system, the ability to control
speed precisely and accurately ensures the success of the job. It is for this reason that
DC motors are often found in paper and rolling mills where consistent speed is a
necessity.

Installation

When a DC motor is installed, it requires fewer electronic rectifications in the power

system and fewer adjustments in general. Once a DC motor is installed, it can be used
immediately by feeding power to it directly from the power source.

Maintenance

The design of DC motors is simple, which makes them easy to repair or replace. DC
motors have been around for over 130 years and are familiar to technicians and
electricians. The many years they have been used makes them easy to diagnose and
repair at very low cost.

When repairing a DC motor, there is no need for field excitation, and brushes, speed
settings, and other components are easy to replace. If there is a problem with the
control system, the terminal voltage can be adjusted using a potentiometer.

Low Cost

The obvious final reason for using DC motors is their low cost; they are cheaper than
AC motors, though brushless and permanent magnet DC motors are more expensive.
The cost advantage of brushless motors is their exceptionally long life span. Though
brush motors are less expensive, they tend to have a shorter life span and require
regular repair, a negative aspect that is balanced by their low cost of repair.

What is a Servo Motor?

A servo motor is a type of motor that can rotate with great precision. Normally this type
of motor consists of a control circuit that provides feedback on the current position of the
motor shaft, this feedback allows the servo motors to rotate with great precision. If you
want to rotate an object at some specific angles or distance, then you use a servo
motor.

Servo Motor Working Mechanism

It consists of three parts:

1. Controlled device
2. Output sensor
3. Feedback system
It is a closed-loop system where it uses a positive feedback system to control motion
and the final position of the shaft. Here the device is controlled by a feedback signal
generated by comparing output signal and reference input signal.

Here reference input signal is compared to the reference output signal and the third
signal is produced by the feedback system. And this third signal acts as an input signal
to the control the device. This signal is present as long as the feedback signal is
generated or there is a difference between the reference input signal and reference
output signal. So the main task of servomechanism is to maintain the output of a system
at the desired value at presence of noises.

Servo Motor Working Principle

A servo consists of a Motor (DC or AC), a potentiometer, gear assembly, and a
controlling circuit. First of all, we use gear assembly to reduce RPM and to increase
torque of the motor. Say at initial position of servo motor shaft, the position of the
potentiometer knob is such that there is no electrical signal generated at the output port
of the potentiometer. Now an electrical signal is given to another input terminal of the
error detector amplifier. Now the difference between these two signals, one comes from
the potentiometer and another comes from other sources, will be processed in a
feedback mechanism and output will be provided in terms of error signal. This error
signal acts as the input for motor and motor starts rotating. Now motor shaft is
connected with the potentiometer and as the motor rotates so the potentiometer and it
will generate a signal. So as the potentiometer’s angular position changes, its output
feedback signal changes. After sometime the position of potentiometer reaches at a
position that the output of potentiometer is same as external signal provided. At this
condition, there will be no output signal from the amplifier to the motor input as there is
no difference between external applied signal and the signal generated at
potentiometer, and in this situation motor stops rotating.

Interfacing Servo Motors with Microcontrollers:

Interfacing hobby Servo motors like s90 servo motor with MCU is very easy. Servos
have three wires coming out of them. Out of which two will be used for Supply
(positive and negative) and one will be used for the signal that is to be sent from the
MCU. An MG995 Metal Gear Servo Motor which is most commonly used for RC cars
humanoid bots etc. The picture of MG995 is shown below:

The color coding of your servo motor might differ hence check for your respective
datasheet.

All servo motors work directly with your +5V supply rails but we have to be careful on
the amount of current the motor would consume if you are planning to use more than
two servo motors a proper servo shield should be designed.

Controlling Servo Motor:

All motors have three wires coming out of them. Out of which two will be used for
Supply (positive and negative) and one will be used for the signal that is to be sent from
the MCU.

Servo motor is controlled by PWM (Pulse with Modulation) which is provided by the
control wires. There is a minimum pulse, a maximum pulse and a repetition rate. Servo
motor can turn 90 degree from either direction form its neutral position. The servo motor
expects to see a pulse every 20 milliseconds (ms) and the length of the pulse will
determine how far the motor turns. For example, a 1.5ms pulse will make the motor turn
to the 90° position, such as if pulse is shorter than 1.5ms shaft moves to 0° and if it is
longer than 1.5ms than it will turn the servo to 180°.
Servo motor works on PWM (Pulse width modulation) principle, means its angle of
rotation is controlled by the duration of applied pulse to its Control PIN. Basically servo
motor is made up of DC motor which is controlled by a variable resistor
(potentiometer) and some gears. High speed force of DC motor is converted into
torque by Gears. We know that WORK= FORCE X DISTANCE, in DC motor Force is
less and distance (speed) is high and in Servo, force is High and distance is less. The
potentiometer is connected to the output shaft of the Servo, to calculate the angle and
stop the DC motor on the required angle.

Servo motor can be rotated from 0 to 180 degrees, but it can go up to 210 degrees,
depending on the manufacturing. This degree of rotation can be controlled by applying
the Electrical Pulse of proper width, to its Control pin. Servo checks the pulse in every
20 milliseconds. The pulse of 1 ms (1 millisecond) width can rotate the servo to 0
degrees, 1.5ms can rotate to 90 degrees (neutral position) and 2 ms pulse can rotate it
to 180 degree.

All servo motors work directly with your +5V supply rails but we have to be careful about
the amount of current the motor would consume if you are planning to use more than
two servo motors a proper servo shield should be designed.

What are Servo Motors Used For?

Servo motors can be used in many different applications. The advantages listed above
means that servo motors are used more and more in industrial applications to replace
conventional AC motors and stepper motors as well as hydraulic and pneumatic
systems. There are many applications where servo motors have an advantage. Below
are just a few examples:-

Machine tools where high accuracy is required.

Robotics applications where high accuracy, power and speed are required and low
weight and size is an advantage.

Conveyer and handling systems where speed and accuracy, as well as high torque, is
required.

Antenna positioning systems typically need high torque and very high accuracy.

Simulation applications where speed, torque and smoothness are important.

Renewable energy applications where performance and efficiency are needed.

Printing Press where accuracy, speed and reliability as well as low cost is an
advantage.

stepper motor:

A stepper motor, at its most basic definition, is an electromechanical device that

converts electrical power into mechanical power.

Applications of Stepper Motors

Stepper motors are diverse in their uses, but some of the most common include:

● 3D printing equipment
● Textile machines
● Printing presses
● Gaming machines
● Medical imaging machinery
● Small robotics
 ● CNC milling machines
● Welding equipment

An actuator is a component of a machine that is responsible for moving and controlling

a mechanism or system
An actuator requires a control device (controlled by control signal) and a source of
energy.
An actuator is a device that produces a motion by converting energy and signals
going into the system. The motion it produces can be either rotary or linear. An
electric

What is a Programmable Logic Controller?

A PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER (PLC) is an industrial computer control
system that continuously monitors the state of input devices and makes decisions
based upon a custom program to control the state of output devices.l

What is FPGA?
Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is an integrated circuit that consists of internal
hardware blocks with user-programmable interconnects to customize operation for a
specific application. The interconnects can readily be reprogrammed, allowing an FPGA
to accommodate changes to a design or even support a new application during the
lifetime of the part.

The FPGA has its roots in earlier devices such as programmable read-only memories
(PROMs) and programmable logic devices (PLDs). These devices could be
programmed either at the factory or in the field, but they used fuse technology (hence,
the expression “burning a PROM”) and could not be changed once programmed. In
contrast, FPGA stores its configuration information in a re-programmable medium such
as static RAM (SRAM) or flash memory. FPGA manufacturers include Intel, Lattice
Semiconductor, Microchip Technology and Microsemi.

The NVIDIA Jetson Nano Developer Kit is a small, powerful computer that lets you run
multiple neural networks in parallel for applications like image classification, object
detection, segmentation, and speech processing. All in an easy-to-use platform that
runs in as little as 5 watts.

Tinker Board is a Single Board Computer (SBC) in an ultra-small form factor that offers
class-leading performance while leveraging outstanding mechanical compatibility.