Two-Dimensional Arrays
The Two-dimensional array is also called a matrix. a two- dimensional array is nothing but a collection of a
number of one- dimensional arrays placed one below the other.
Declaration of Two- dimensional array
Syntax:
Syntax: Storage class Datatype Arrayname[size1][size2];
Where size1 represent the number of rows
Size2 represent the number of columns
int s[ 5 ][ 2 ] ;
Initializing a Two-Dimensional Array
RowWise Assignment
int stud[ 4 ][ 2 ] = {
{ 1234, 56 },
{ 1212, 33 },
{ 1434, 80 },
{ 1312, 78 }
};
Combine Assignment: Remember that, while initializing a 2-D array, it is necessary to mention the second
(column) dimension, whereas the first dimension (row) is optional.
int arr[ 2 ][ 3 ] = { 12, 34, 23, 45, 56, 45 } ;
int arr[ ][ 3 ] = { 12, 34, 23, 45, 56, 45 };
Selective Assignment
int stud[ 4 ][ 2 ] = {
{ 56 },
{ 1, 33 },
{ 80 },
{ 2, 78 }
};
output;
56 0
1 33
80 0
2 78
//Write a program to add two matrices of dimension 3*3 and store the result in another matrix.
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int i, j,a[3][3], b[3][3], c[3][3];
//input in first matrix
printf("Insert your matrix elements in first matrix elements :\n");
for (i= 0; i< 3; i++)
{
for (j = 0; j< 3; j++)
{
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
}
}
//input in second matrix
printf(" Insert your matrix elements in second matrix elements :\n");
for (i= 0; i< 3; i++)
{
for (j = 0; j< 3; j++)
{
scanf("%d",&b[i][j]);
}
}
//display the first matrix
printf(" \n ist matrix is \n");
for (i= 0; i< 3; i++)
{
for (j = 0; j< 3; j++)
{
printf("%d\t",a[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
//display the second matrix
printf(" \n 2nd matrix is \n");
for (i= 0; i< 3; i++)
{
for (j = 0; j< 3; j++)
{
printf("%d\t",b[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
// logic of matrix addition
for (i= 0; i< 3; i++)
{
for (j = 0; j< 3; j++)
{
c[i][j]=a[i][j]+ b[i][j];
}
}
//display the addition
printf("\n result is \n");
for (i= 0; i< 3; i++)
{
for (j = 0; j< 3; j++)
{
printf("%d\t",c[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
}
// Write a program to print all the diagonal elements of the Matrix.
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a[10][10];
int i,j,r,c;
printf("Enter number of Rows :");
scanf("%d",&r);
printf("Enter number of Cols :");
scanf("%d",&c);
if(r==c)
{
//input in matrix a
printf("\nEnter matrix elements :\n");
for(i=0;i< r;i++)
{
for(j=0;j< c;j++)
{
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
}
}
//display the elements in the matrix
printf("\n matrix elements are\n");
for(i=0;i< r;i++)
{
for(j=0;j< c;j++)
{
printf("%d\t",a[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
//print the diagonal of matrix
printf("\n diagonal elements are\n");
for(i=0,j=0;i<r&&j<c;i++,j++)
{
printf("%d\t",a[i][j]);
}
//print the diagonal of matrix
printf("\n diagonal elements are\n");
for(i=0,j=c-1;i<r&&j>=0;i++,j--)
{
printf("%d\t",a[i][j]);
}
}
else
{
printf("\nMatrix is not a Square Matrix.");
}
return 0;
}
//Write a program to find transpose of matrix
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int i, j, a[3][4],b[4][3];
//Input in matrix
printf("\nenter ist matrices\n");
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<4;j++)
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
}
//logic of transpose
for(i=0;i<4;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{
b[i][j]=a[j][i];
}
}
//display of matrix a
printf("\ninput matrices is\n");
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<4;j++)
{
printf("%d\t",a[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
//display of matrix b after transpose
printf("\ntranspose of matrices is\n");
for(i=0;i<4;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{
printf("%d\t",b[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
}
// Write a program in C to input two 3x3 matrix from the user and print multiplication as the result in
matrix form. //(Write comments also at appropriate places in the program)
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int i,j,k,a[3][3],b[3][3],c[3][3];
//input in first matrix
printf("\nenter ist matrices\n");
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
}
//input in 2nd matrix
printf("\nenter 2nd matrices\n");
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
scanf("%d",&b[i][j]);
}
//display of ist matrix
printf("\n ist matrices is\n");
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{
printf("%d\t",a[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
//display of 2nd matrix
printf("\n second matrix is\n");
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{
printf("%d\t",b[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
//logic of matrix multiplication
printf("\nMultiplicaiton of matrices is\n");
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{
c[i][j]=0;
for(k=0;k<3;k++)
{
c[i][j]=c[i][j]+a[i][k]*b[k][j];
}
}
}
//Display the result of matrix multiplication
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{
printf("%d\t",c[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
}
// Write a program in 'C' to multiply the two matrices of size M × N.
OR
/* Write a C program to multiply matrix A of order m*n with matrix B of order p*q. Also display
the resultant matrix.*/
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int i, j, p, q, m, n, k, tot = 0;
int a[10][10], b[10][10], c[10][10];
printf(" Please insert the number of rows and columns for first matrix \n");
scanf("%d%d",&m,&n);
printf(" Please insert the number of rows and columns for second matrix\n");
scanf("%d%d",&p,&q);
if (n != p)
printf(" Your given matrices cannot be multiplied with each other. \n");
else
{
printf(" Insert your matrix elements : \n");
for (i= 0; i< m; i++)
{
for (j = 0; j< n; j++)
{
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
}
}
printf(" Insert your elements for second matrix \n");
for (i = 0; i < p; i++)
{
for (j = 0; j < q; j++)
{
scanf("%d",&b[i][j] );
}
}
for (i = 0; i< m; i++) // number of rows in ist matrix
{
for (j = 0; j<q; j++) //number of columns in 2nd matrix
{
c[i][j]=0;
for (k = 0; k <p; k++) // number of columns in first matrix or number of rows in 2nd matrix
{
c[i][j]=c[i][j]+ a[i][k] * b[k][j];
}
}
}
//display of ist matrix
printf("\n ist matrices is\n");
for(i=0;i<m;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
{
printf("%d\t",a[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
//display of 2nd matrix
printf("\n second matrix is\n");
for(i=0;i<p;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<q;j++)
{
printf("%d\t",b[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
//display the result of matrix multiplication
printf("\n matrix multiplication is\n");
for(i=0;i<m;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<q;j++)
{
printf("%d\t",c[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
}
}
