GSM Optimization - Specific Real Deal

Optimization: Introduction
Episode: I
Optimization: Introduction Prepared by Performance Team

Contents
 Global indicators
 Typical Radio Network Problem
 Coverage Problem
 Interference problem
 Unbalanced power budget problem
 Congestion problem
 Problems and responsible

parties

Global Indicators
4 stages of a call establishment, 2
stages (1&2) for location update :
1. Radio link establishment Phase

2. SDCCH Phase
then only “Circuit Switch call”
3. TCH assignment Phase
4. Alerting/Connect Phase

Mobile Originated Call (MOC)
MS BTS BSC MSC
Global CHANNEL REQUEST
(RACH)
CHANNEL REQUIRED
CHANNEL ACTIVATION (SDCCH)
CHANNEL ACTIVATION ACK

1. Radio Link
Indicators
IMMEDIATE ASSIGN COMMEND Establishment
IMMEDIATE ASSIGN
Phase
(AGCH)
SABM (L3 info)
(SDCCH) ESTABLISH IND (L3 info)

CR (Connection Request: L3
INFO)
UA (L3 info)
CC (Connection Complete)
(SDCCH)
LOCATION UPDATE REQUEST (IN CASE OF LU)
AUTHENTICATION REQUEST
AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE
2. SDCCH Phase CIPHERING MODE COMMAND
CIPHERING MODE COMPLETE
LOCATION UPDATE ACCEPT (IN CASE OF LU)
TMSI REALLOCATION COMPLETE (IN CASE OF LU)
SETUP
CALL PROCEEDING
ASSIGNMENT REQUEST
PHYSICAL CONTEXT REQUEST
PHYSICAL CONTEXT CONFIRM
CHANNEL ACTIVATION (TCH) TCH allocation
CHANNEL ALLOCATION ACK.
ASSIGNMENT COMMEND
(SDCCH)
SABM
ESTABLISH INDICATION
TCH UA (L3 info)
3. TCH Assignment Phase

ASSIGNMENT COMPLETE
ASSIGNMENT COMPLETE
ALERTING
CONNECT
4. Alert and Connect Phase CONNECT ACK.
CONVERSATION

Global Indicators
 Handover : Intracell HO
MS BTS BSC MSC
Measurement Report
MEASUREMENT RESULT
PHYSICAL CONTEXT REQUEST (old channel)
PHYSICAL CONTEXT CONFIRM (old channel)
CHANNEL ACTIVATION (new channel)
CHANNEL ACTIVATION ACK (new channel)
ASSIGNMENT CMD ASSIGNMENT COMMEND (old channel)
SABM (L3 info)
(SDCCH) ESTABLISH IND (new channel)
UA (L3 info)
(SDCCH)
ASSIGNMENT CMP ESTABLISH COMPLETE (new channel)
HANDOVER PERFORMED
RF CHANNEL RELEASE (old channel)
RF CHANNEL RELEASE ACK (old channel)

Global Indicators
 Handover : Internal HO
Serving Target
MS BSC MSC
Cell Cell
Meas. Report
MEASUREMENT RESULT
CHANNEL ACTIVATION
CHANNEL ACTIVATION ACK.
HO CMD HANDOVER COMMAND
HANDOVER ACCESS
HANDOVER DETECTION
PHYSICAL INFORMATION
SABM (L3 info)
UA (L3 info)
HANDOVER COMPLETE HO CMP

HANDOVER PERFORMED

Global Indicators
 Handover : External HO
MS Serving Cell BSC MSC BSC Target Cell MS
MEAS_REPORT
MEAS_RESULT
HO_REQUIRED
CR (HO_REQUEST)
CC CHANNEL_ACTIVATION
CHANNEL_ACT_ACK
HO_REQUEST_ACK
HO_COMMAND (HO_COMMAND)
HO_ACCESS
HO_ACCESS
HO_DETECTION
HO_DETECTION
PHYSICAL_INFO
SABM (L3 info)
ESTABLISH_INDICATION UA (L3 info)
HO_COMPLETE
HO_COMPLETE
CLEAR_COMMAND
Cause: HO_SUCCESSFUL
Release of TCH

Global Indicators
Important indicators :
 SDCCH Congestion
 SDCCH Assignment Failure
 SDCCH Drop
 TCH Assignment Failure
 Call Drop
 Call Setup Success
 Call Success
 Outgoing Handover
 Incoming Handover
 Handover Causes Distribution
(Better/Level/Quality/MCHO/...)
Global Indicators
 SDCCH Congestion :
MS BTS BSC
CHANNEL REQUEST
CHANNEL REQUIRED
(RACH)
NO FREE SDCCH !!!
IMMEDIATE ASSIGN COMMEND

IMM. ASS. REJECT (OPTION)
(AGCH)
 MS will try to request again for a certain of times

 If still failures, it will
 Wait for a certain of time without reception of
immediate_assign message
 Try an automatic cell_reselection in case of
LU (no impact for subscriber)
 Notify a network error for call establishment
(call setup failure for subscriber)
Global Indicators
 SDCCH Congestion : Main causes
 Too much SDCCH “normal” traffic for cell

SDCCH design
 Logical cell design, extra TRX, new site
 “Common Transport Effect”
 Difficult to avoid for small cells
 LA border at crowded area
 Abnormal SDCCH traffic
 “phantom” channel requests
 Inadequate LAC design, causing too much
LU
 Redesign LAC
 Problem with neighbor cells belong to other
LAC
Global Indicators
 SDCCH RF Failure : main causes
MS BTS BSC MSC
CHANNEL REQUEST
CHANNEL REQUIRED
(RACH)
CHANNEL ACTIVATION (SDCCH)
CHANNEL ACTIVATION ACK
IMMEDIATE ASSIGN COMMEND

IMMEDIATE ASSIGN
(AGCH)
??? no message from MS
 Real radio problems

 Unbalanced power budget
 Bad coverage
 Interference
In case of radio failure, MS will retry as in case of

SDCCH congestion
Global Indicators
 SDCCH RF Failure : main causes
 “Phantom/Ghost/Spurious/Dummy...RACH”
 Channel request received but not sent : 3

causes
1. Noise decoding
2. Reception of channel request sent to a
neighbor cell
3. Reception of HO_ACCESS sent to a
neighbor cell

Global Indicators
 SDCCH RF Failure : main causes : Phantom RACH
1. Noise decoding
 GSM 05.05: “0.02% of RACH Frame can be
decoded without error without real input signal”
(this extra-load has no impact for the system)
 BCCH not combined: 156 phantom
RACCH/hour (or about 0.08 Erlang SDCCH)
 BCCH combined: 83 phantom RACH/hour
 During period with low real traffic (night), high
rate of phantom RACH
 No impact for subscriber
 But impact on indicator SDCCH RF access
failure

Global Indicators
2. Channel request sent to neighbor cell
 Subscriber is not impacted ( the real transaction

is performed elsewhere)
 But SDCCH RF access failure is impacted
 Usual radio planning rules are sufficient to avoid

the trouble (BSIC and BCCH frequency plan)

Global Indicators
3. Channel request due to handover

 During HO, first message sent to target cell is
HO access which is an access burst like
channel_request
 If received on BCCH, can be understood as a
channel-request
This case is the most dangerous
 MS is sending usually a sequence of HO
Access message, every frame !!
 In some cases, this can create phantom RACH
if the frequency of TCH is co- or adjacent to one
of the interfered BCCH
 Can block very easily SDCCH
Global Indicators
 SDCCH Drop :
MS BTS BSC MSC
Radio connection loss

CONNECTION FAILURE INDICATION
(cause : radio link failure)
CLEAR REQUEST
(cause : radio interface failure)
 Loss of connection during SDCCH phase =

SDCCH Drop
 3 causes of SDCCH drop
 Radio problems when connected on SDCCH
 BSS problems (Transcoder and Internal BSS
problems)
 Call lost during an SDCCH HO (handover
failure without reversion to old channel)

Global Indicators
 TCH assign failure : Congestion
MS BTS BSC MSC
ASSIGNMNET REQUEST
no RTCH available on request cell

ASSIGNMENT FAILURE
cause No Radio Resources Available
 4 sub causes of congestion
 A: Queuing is not allowed

 B: Queue is full
 C: T11 expired
 D: RTCH requests is de-queued due to a
high priority (i.e. emergency call) request to
be queued

Global Indicators
 TCH assign failure : Radio
MS BTS BSC MSC
ASSIGNMENT REQUEST
ASSIGNMENT COMMEND
(SDCCH)
TCH
Radio Problem
ASSIGNMENT FAILURE
Radio interface failure

Global Indicators
 TCH assign failure : BSS
MS BTS BSC MSC
ASSIGNMENT REQUEST
ASSIGNMENT COMMEND
(SDCCH)
BSS Problem

Global Indicators
 TCH Drop : Radio
MS BTS BSC MSC
Alerting Connection Phase or Communication : at any time
Radio Problem CONNECTION FAILURE INDICATION

(cause : radio link failure)
CLEAR REQUEST
(cause : radio interface failure)

Global Indicators
 TCH Drop : BSS
MS BTS BSC MSC
Radio Problem CONNECTION FAILURE INDICATION

(Remote transcoder failure)
CLEAR REQUEST
(Equipment failure)
 Transcoder reported problem

 Abis transmission Problem: Microwave,
Microwave antenna, fixed line problems.
 Problem on TC boards (hardware problem)

Global Indicators
 TCH Drop : BSS
MS BTS BSC MSC
CLEAR REQUEST
BSS problem O&M intervention
Radio interface failure
 Other BSS problem (excluding TC)

 Hardware or software failures of BSC/BTS

Global Indicators
 TCH Drop : Handover
MS BTS BSC MSC
HO failure without reversion CLEAR REQUEST

Radio interface message failure
 Call drop during handover

Global Indicators
 Intracell HO Failures
 Congestion
 Reversion to Old Channel (ROC)
 Drop Radio
 BSS problem

Global Indicators
 Intracell HO Failures : Congestion
Serving
MS BSC MSC
BTS
Measurement Report
MEASUREMENT RESULT
No Free TCH/SDCCH
 Intracell HO Failures : Drop

MS BTS BSC MSC
ASSIGNMENT CMD
ASSIGNMENT COMMAND (old channel)
Release of old and new channels

Global Indicators
 Intracell HO Failures : Reversion to Old Channel
Serving Serving
MS MSC
BTS BSC
ASSIGNMENT CMD ASSIGNMENT COMMEND (old channel)
SABM (new channel)
ESTABLISH IND (new channel)
UA (new channel)
X
SABM (new channel)
UA (new channel)
X
SABM (old channel)
ESTABLISH INDICATION (old channel)
UA (old channel)
ASSIGNMENT FAIL ASSIGNMNENT FAILURE
RF CHANNEL RELEASE (old channel)
RF CHANNEL RELEASE ACK (old channel)

Global Indicators
 Internal HO Failures : Reversion to Old Channel
Serving Target
MS BSC MSC
Cell Cell
HANDOVER ACCESS
HANDOVER DETECTION
PHYSICAL INFORMATION
SABM (L3 info)
UA (L3 info)
HANDOVER COMPLETE
X
SABM
UM
HO FAILURE HO FAILURE
Release of new channel

Global Indicators
 Internal HO Failures : Drop
Serving Target
MS BSC MSC
Cell Cell
Meas. Report
MEASUREMENT RESULT
CHANNEL ACTIVATION
CHANNEL ACTIVATION ACK.
Clear_request
Clear_command
Release of old and new TCH

Global Indicators
 External HO Failures : Congestion

MEAS_REPORT
MEAS_RESULT
HO_REQUIRED
CR (HO_REQUEST)
HO_FAILURE
Cause: no radio resource available
HO_REQUIRED_REJECT
 External HO Failures : A int. Congestion

MEAS_REPORT
MEAS_RESULT
HO_REQUIRED
CR (HO_REQUEST)
HO_FAILURE
Cause: terrestrial circuit already allocated
HO_REQUIRED_REJECT
Requested trerestrial resource unavailable
BSS not equipped

Global Indicators
 External HO Failures : Reversion to Old Channel

MEAS_REPORT
MEAS_RESULT
HO_REQUIRED
CR (HO_REQUEST)
CHANNEL_ACT_ACK
HO_REQUEST_ACK
HO_ACCESS
X
HO_ACCESS
X
SABM
ESTABLISH_INDICATION
UA
HO_FAILURE(reversion to pld channel)
CLEAR_COMMAND
Radio interface fail:
Reversion to old channel Release connection

Global Indicators
 External HO Failures : Drop

MEAS_REPORT
MEAS_RESULT
HO_REQUIRED
CR (HO_REQUEST)
CHANNEL_ACT_ACK
HO_REQUEST_ACK
HO_ACCESS
X
HO_ACCESS
X
SABM
X
SABM
X
SABM
X
CLEAR_COMMAND
Radio interface fail Release connection

Global Indicators
Important indicators : SDCCH Congestion Rate
 Definition: Rate of SDCCH not allocated during

radio link establishment procedure due to
congestion on Air interface
 Comment: Check SDCCH Erlang : if not critical,
SDCCH availability/allocation problem, or HO
access on a nearby cell side effect or
interference on the carrier handling SDCCH (the
last 2 can lead to high rate if Phantom RACH

Global Indicators
Important indicators : SDCCH Assign Failure Rate
 Definition: Rate of SDCCH seizure failed (BSS

problem, radio access problem) during radio link
establishment procedure over the total amount
of SDCCH seizure requests during radio link
establishment procedure

Global Indicators
Important indicators : SDCCH Drop Rate
 Definition: Rate of dropped SDCCH (SDCCH

is established for any transaction OC, TC,
LU, ...)
 Comment: Drop radio + Drop HO + Drop

BSS
Global Indicators
Important indicators : TCH Assign Failure/Congestion Rate
 Definition:
 TCH Assign Failure Rate: Rate of RTCH
seizure failed (BSS problem, radio access
problem) during normal assignment procedure
over the total amount or RTCH request for
normal assignment procedure
 TCH Assign Congestion Rate: Rate of RTCH
not allocated during normal assignment due to
congestion on Air interface
Global Indicators
Important indicators : Call Drop Rate
 Definition: Rate of dropped calls over the total

amount of calls with a successful end
 Comment:
 Drop BSS + Drop radio + Drop HO
 TCH drop occurring after successful
assignment but before speech connection are
considered as call drop even if from customer’s
point of view it is a call setup failure
Global Indicators
Important indicators : Call Setup Success Rate
 Definition: Rate of calls going until TCH successful

assignment, that is not interrupted by SDCCH drop
neither by assignment failures
 Comment:
 Subscriber : call not established at the first
attempt

Global Indicators
Important indicators : Call Success Rate (BSS view)
 Definition: Rate of calls going until normal release,

that is not interrupted by SDCCH drop neither by
assignment failures and neither by CALL DROP
 Comment:
 1 call success =
 1 call successfully established
 Without any call drop
Global Indicators
Important indicators : Outgoing Handover Success Rate
 Definition: Rate of outgoing external and internal

intercell TCH and SDCCH handover successes
over the total amount of outgoing external and
internal intercell TCH and SDCCH handover
required

Global Indicators
Important indicators : Incoming Handover Success Rate
 Definition: Rate of incoming external and internal

intercell TCH and SDCCH handover successes
over the total amount of outgoing external and
internal intercell TCH and SDCCH handover
requests

Global Indicators
Important indicators : Handover Cause Distribution
 Definition: Distribution of Handover requests by cause:

UL Qual, UL Lev, DL Qual, DL Lev, Better Cell, UL
Interference, DL Interference, Interband, Micro cells
HO, Concentric cell causes

Typical Radio Problems
i. Coverage Problem
ii. Interference problem
iii. Unbalanced power budget
problem
iv. Congestion problem

Typical Radio Problems
Several sources of information for

optimization
 QoS indicators
 Coverage predictions
 Customer complaints
 Drive tests
 Abis/A traces
 Other teams information (NSS statistics)

i. Coverage Problem
Bad coverage :
A network facing coverage problems has
bad RxLev. RxQual can be bad at the
same time.
Sometimes the RxLev can look OK on the
street (i.e. from drivetest) but coverage
inside the buildings can be poor due to
building losses. Building losses can
range from 10 to 30 dB or more.

i. Coverage Problem
 Indications :
 Customers complain about dropped calls
and/or “No Network”
 OMC QoS indicators
– TCH failure rate
– Call drop rate
– Low proportion of better cell HO
– High rate of DL & UL Level HO (possibly
also DL/UL quality HO)
 A interface indicators
– High rate of Clear Request message, cause
radio interface failure
 Drive Test
– Poor RxLev ( < -95 dBm)

i. Coverage Problem
 Investigation and Optimization :
 If actual coverage is not the one
predicted by planning tool
– Check antenna system (azimuth, crossed
sector?)
– Check prediction in the tool (EIRP, Clutter
Type, Obstructing building?). Most of the
time the prediction will be incorrect, as it is
only a computer simulation
– Increase or decrease antenna down-tilt
– Check BTS output power set in the OMC-R
(BS_TXPWR_MAX: should always be set
at 0)

i. Coverage Problem
 Investigation and Optimization :
 If actual coverage OK compared to
predicted ones
– Improve coverage by adding Macro site,
Microcell site (Border or Shadow areas), or
IBC site (In-building coverage).
– Use parameter setting ex. Bi-layer
Handover.

i. Coverage Problem
Example on thresholds :
 From Drive test or Abis Interface
 RxLev < -95 dBm

and
 RxQual > 4

ii. Interference Problem
Interference :
A network facing interferences

problems presents good RxLev
and bad RxQual in the same
time on some areas.

 Indications :
 Customers complain about bad speech
quality (noisy calls) and/or call drops
– SDCCH/TCH Drop
– Low proportion of better cell HO
– High rate of DL/UL quality HO and
interference HO
– Low HO success rate
 Drive Test
– RxQual > 4 with RxLev > -85 dBm

Typical causes :
 GSM interferences
 Co-channel
 adjacent
 Non GSM Interference

 Other Mobile Network
 Other RF sources

Level
Co-channel interference :
 C/I = Carrier-to-interference ratio
 +12 dB is taken into account for +12 dB
Alcatel ( +9 dB according to GSM

standard) (i.e. interference can be
9  12 dB weaker than serving
cell to cause poor RxQual).
f(cell1)=f(cell2) Frequency

 Indications
 Downlink and/or Uplink Interference
 High rate of quality handover, call drop, and
call setup failure
 Investigation
 Drive test analysis
 Lumpini: Co-channel checking
 Check prediction to verify which cell could be
causing the interference
 Frequency plan C/I < 12 dB

 Optimization
 Antenna optimization
 Change frequency
 Reduce BTS power (not an option in TA
Orange network)
 Concentric cell

Co-channel interference: Optimization: Concentric cell
 Concept  Conclusion from Alcatel trial on
Orange’s network (Suburban
area)
 Concentric cell is difficult to

optimize, and hence is rarely
used in the network today.

Adjacent channel interference :
 C/A = Carrier-to-adjacent ratio
 -6 dB is taken into account for Alcatel ( -9 dB
according to GSM standard).
Level
f(cell1) f(cell2)
-6 dB
E.g.
f(cell1)= Ch.573
f(cell2)= Ch.574
f(cell2)=f(cell1)+1 Frequency

 Indications
 Downlink and/or Uplink Interference
 High rate of quality handover, call drop, and call
failure
 Investigation
 Adjacent HO statistics (if they are defined as
neighbors). If they often handover, then adjacent
channel interference could be a problem.
 Drive test analysis
 Lumpini: Adjacent channel checking
 Cell coverage prediction
 Frequency plan C/I < -6 dB


 Optimization
 Antenna optimization
 Change frequency
 Reduce BTS power (not an option in TA
Orange network)
 Concentric cell

Interference : Forced Directed Retry
 MS should connect to Cell_A, but no
TCH available.
 MS connects to Cell_B with forced
directed retry
 MS is emitting at high level (due to long
distance from Cell_B) Cell_B: Ch.573
 UL interference for Cell_C

 Cell_B is emitting at high level (if DL PC
is being used)
 DL interference at Cell_C
 MS is serving on the 2nd or 3rd best Cell_A: Ch.569
server: increases chances of Cell_C: Ch.572
interference problem (poor C/I & C/A as

“C” is lower)
Non GSM interference :
 Other mobile network
 Inter-modulation with GSM BTS/MS receiver
 Other RF interferers
 Radar
 Shop anti-theft mechanism
 Medical devices
 Other man-made radio transmission
 Illegal usage of GSM frequencies (e.g. illegal
imported devices, illegal usage of other
organization, ...)
 ...
iii. Unbalance power budget Problem
 A cell facing unbalanced power budget problems
presents a too high path-loss difference between
UL and DL (often DL>UL)
 Lower Rx diversity gain of cross polarized
antenna in rural area compared to dense area
 Crossed feeders
 Traffic not directly in boresight of antenna, where
cross-polar discrimination is lower
 Loose connectors
 Faulty antenna, feeder, TMA
 Rule : try to have delta as small as possible to
avoid access network possible only in 1 direction
(usually BTS->MS : OK and MS->BTS : NOK),
i.e. uplink limited
 Indicators :
– High ratio of Uplink level Handover cause
– Low incoming HO success rate
– DL level looks OK for HO, but UL is too weak
when HO is attempted
– Degradation of TCH failures and OC call drop
indicators
 O&M Alarms
– Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR)
– TMA

 Investigation :
 Abis monitoring:
– ABS(delta Path loss) > 10
» Check if problem is occurring for 1 TRX or
all.
– ABS(delta path loss) = ABS(UL Path loss – DL
Path loss)
– UL Path loss = MS transmitted power –
measured received UL level
– DL Path loss = BTS transmitted power –
combiner loss – measured received DL level
– Large difference between uplink and downlink
level triggered HO.
 Use PM observation counter (in OMC-R)
– RT11

 Optimization : This equipment

should be checked
 TRX types (MP, HP)
 Antennas or common RF components,
TMA (common to all TRX of the BTS)
 TRX RF cables, LNA

iv. TCH congestion Problem
TCH Congestion :
 TCH Congestion rate (TCH

Assignment Phase) is too high
(more than 2%)
 Rule : try to meet the offered
traffic (asked by users) by
providing the right number of
resources (TRX extension)

 Indications :
 Customers complain about “Network busy”
– High “TCH Congestion rate”, “RTCH
Assignment fail-Congestion”
– Low “incoming Intra/Inter BSC HO success
rate” (no TCH available)
– High “Directed Retry rate or Congestion
Relief (Motorola)” if activated
 A interface indicators: “BSS Congestion
failure in OC”
– High rate of Assignment Failure message,
No radio resource available
 Drive Test
– Handover to better cell is slow, or never
occurs
 Optimization :
 Special events :
– Foreseeable: football match, important
meeting, Exhibition, etc.
» Add some extra TRXs
» Add special mobile BTSs (Cell on
Wheel)
» Activate HR (may not always be
possible due to BSC capacity
limitations)
– Not foreseeable: car crash on the
highway
 Optimization :
 Daily periodic problems : At busy hour:

– Hardware solution :
» Add TRX(s)
» Concentric cell
» New site
» Optimize cell boundaries (i.e.
antenna optimization) to share
traffic with surrounding cells

 Optimization :
 Daily periodic problems : At busy hour:

– Software solution :
» Directed Retry
» Traffic Handover
» Half Rate (Alcatel)
» Congestion Relief (Motorola)
» Flow control (Motorola)

Problems and responsible parties
 Coverage problem :
 If the measured RxLev does not
match the prediction
– Check the prediction, check panoramic
pictures for obstructions
– Field Operation team to check physical
configuration (tilt, azimuth, antenna
height...). Also check for faults in the
antenna system (VSWR, sweep
antennas, DTF test, etc.)
– If Field Operation find no problem,
antenna optimization may be required
(if necessary)
 Coverage problem :
 Ifthe field reality match the

prediction
– RF team to add new sites (tri-sector,
micro cellular, indoor cells) to improve
poor/no coverage area (Optimizer
requests for some new sites to RF
team regarding to the drive test result)

 Interference problem :
 Optimization team to identify the
interference source and request Spectrum
Management team to correct it in case of
internal source (new frequency planning...)
 Unbalanced power budget problem :

 Field Operation team to check the impacted
BTS (Antenna, TMA, RF cables, LNA,
diversity system...) according to request
from Optimizer.

 TCH Congestion problem :
 Regional
RF to request TRX
expansion.

Optimization: Introduction
Episode: II

Optimization: Contents
 Organization
 Alcatel KPIs
 Optimization Workflow
 Optimization Process
 Optimization Tools
 Report Links

Optimization: Organization
Name In English Name in Thai Orange
Div/Dept No. Position ID No. Ext.
Initial First Last Initial First Last Mobile
Access Eng 50 Mr. Xavier Lepez ANTE & Performance Mgr. 2912 4995 09-100-6680
& 51 Ms. Sanida Sengyai น.ส. สนิดา เส็งใย Administrator 0723 5174 0 9100 6677
Performance 52 Mr. Rob Werner Engineering Mgr. 1086 5152 0 9100 6466
2EN1110 53 Mr. Andrew Barton Motorola Interface 0570 5151 0 9100 6424
54 Vacant BKK RF Interface
55 Mr. Prasong Kullama นาย ประสงค์ กุลมา Alcatel Interface 0058 4986 0 9100 6432
56 Mr. Ferri Tafreshi Spectrum Management 0991 5150 0 9100 6426
57 Mr. Aekkorn Poomseetana นาย เอกกร ภูม ส ี นา
ิ ธ Spectrum Eng. 0239 5149 0 9100 6427
58 Ms. Lilly Sarujikumjornwatana น.ส. ลิลลี่ สรุจ ิกาจรวัฒนะ Spectrum Eng. 4022 5093 0 6501 0054
59 Vacant Spectrum Eng.
62 Mr. Nazli Abdullah Technical Support Mgr. 0609 5153 0 9100 6423
63 Ms. Aphiwan Malaithong น.ส. อภิวรรณ ม าลายทอง
้ Software Eng. 1846 5143 0 9100 6428
64 Mr. Pnot Limpiphiphatn นาย ปณต ลิม ปิ พ ิพัฒน์ Software Eng. 3028 5219 0 9100 6209
65 Vacant Software Eng.
66 Ms. Vorrachitt Veerachitt น.ส. วรจิตต์ วีระจิตต์ Frequency Planner (Contractor) - 4027 0 6622 2907
67 Mr. Warakorn Angkaphaiboonsakul นาย วรากร อังคไพบูลย์สกุล Frequency Planner (Contractor) - 4025 0 1833 4452
68 Mr. Sirasith Phanupornprapong นาย ิ ธิ์
ศิร สท ภานุพรประพงศ์ Frequency Planner (Contractor) - 4026 0 1802 2114
Access Eng 69 Mr. Stephane Tella Performance Mgr. - 5111 0 9100 6262
& 70 Mr. Michael Powell Optimization Mgr. BKK 1045 5189 0 9100 6681
Performance Mr. Atinan Tumsatan นาย อาทินั นทน์ ทุม สทาน
้ Optimization Eng. BKK
71 1872 4981 0 9100 6684
2EN1110 72 Ms. Thitinun Limpaphinun น.ส. ฐิตินันท์ ลิม ปาภินันท์ Optimization Eng. BKK 2448 4983 0 9100 6691
73 Mr. Supakorn Chumnongrark นาย สุภกร จานงค์รั ก ษ์ Optimization Eng. BKK 0437 4985 0 9100 6682
74 Ms. Sutthida Dullaya - anukit น.ส. สุทธิดา ดุลยอนุก จ
ิ Optimization Eng. BKK 2244 4984 0 9100 6685
75 Mr. Phairoj Thamrongthanyawong นาย ไพโรจน์ ธารงธัญวงศ์ Optimization Eng. BKK 4005 5196 0 6502 0053
76 Mr. Boonyarith Saovapakiran นาย บุญฤทธิ์ เสาวภาคย์ห ิรั ณย์ Optimization Eng. BKK 4006 5027 0 6502 0052
77 Vacant Optimization Eng. BKK
82 Mr. Pongpunt Thanddokmai นาย พงษ์ พน
ั ธ์ ทัดดอกไม ้ Drive Test Technician 2235 5178 0 9100 6686
83 Mr. Somyos Tharalerd นาย สมยศ ธาระเลิศ Drive Test Technician 2388 5178 0 9100 6688
84 Mr. Prasit Jeayang นาย ิ ธิ์
ประสท เจ๊ะหยาง Drive Test Technician 2445 5177 0 9100 6689
85 Mr. Nikhom Lertwilai นาย นิคม เลิศวิลัย Drive Test Technician 2490 5177 0 9100 6690
86 Mr. Laurent Hemonet Optimization Mgr Alcatel 3655 5028 0 9100 6694
87 Mr. Kachaprid Booramyakorn นาย คชาพฤทธิ์ บุรั ม ยากร Optimization Eng. Alcatel 2533 5173 0 9100 6692
88 Mr. Sarasit Wichaikhtkha นาย ิ ธิ์
สารสท วิชัย ขัทคะ Optimization Eng. Alcatel 2376 5177 0 9100 6687
89 Vacant Optimization Eng. Alcatel
Access Eng 92 Ms. Linda Renou Optimization Mgr Motorola - 5064 0 9100 6696
& 93 Mr. Wasan Taweesin นาย วสันต์ ิ
ทวีสน Optimization Eng. Motorola 0715 4982 0 9100 6683
Performance Mr. Santiphap Utta นาย สันติภาพ อุทธา Optimization Eng. Motorola
94 3483 5021 0 9100 6693
2EN1110 95 Ms. Suratsawadee Kongsettakhonchai น.ส. สุรั สวดี คงเศรษฐกรชัย Optimization Eng. Motorola 3737 5186 0 9100 6695
96 Vacant Optimization Eng. Motorola
97 Vacant Optimization Eng. Motorola
98 Mr. Renaud Lelong BSS Eng. 3658 5144 0 9100 6555
99 Mr. Kittisak Kiatmonkong นาย กิตติศัก ดิ์ เกีย รติมั่นคง BSS Eng. 3972 5156 0 6502 0051
100 Vacant BSS Eng.

Alcatel KPIs : Network Statistics
OBJECTIVE FAT OBJECTIVE PAT
TYPE OF MEASURE INDICATORS
and Phase 2 Phase 1A and 1B
Drive test for radio Down

See next page.
coverage. link “RXLEV”
CSSR >= 98 % >= 96 %

Drive test for
Quality of Service
indicators 90 % of call 85 % of call
RXQUAL samples below or samples below or
equal to RXQUAL 3 equal to RXQUAL 3
CSSR >= 98%
Measured at TCH Blocking

<= 2 % <= 2 %
OMCR Rate
(Statistical BSS SDCCH
<= 1 % <= 1 %
Quality of Service Blocking Rate
Indicators) TCH Drop Rate <= 2 % <= 3%
HOSR >= 95% >= 94%

Alcatel KPIs : Drivetest Statistics
% of Samples above Minimum Radio

or equal to Coverage Field
Service Area threshold ("Valid Strength Acceptance
Measurement Sample Threshold on Street
Percentage") Level
Dense Urban 98% - 75 dBm
Urban 96% - 82 dBm
Suburban 93% - 87 dBm
Rural 93% - 97 dBm
Highways 93% - 87 dBm

Optimization : Workflow
The following are activities of one Radio Network
Optimization Engineer (RNOE) managing the areas
 Check Data  Worst Cell Lists

 Alerts  Prioritization List
 Trouble Ticket (TT)  Check Frequency
 Weekly Dashboard  Check Neighbors
 BGW Lists  Check Parameters
 CAT Status  Neighbors Analysis
 Daily Dashboard

Optimization : Workflow
The following activities are not weekly activities
 Neighbors for new sites  CAT Reports

 Traffic Study Analysis  A/Abis Trace Analysis
 Antenna Optimization  Customer Complaints
 Drive Test Analysis &  Meeting
Problem Log (Potatoes)  Special Studies and
 Drive Test Reports Requests
 CAT Drive Tests  Documentation

Optimization : Process
The following are processes based on Remedy
 Optimization Tasks
 Cell-by-cell parameter change/Massive
parameter change
 Neighbor addition/deletion
 Correction Tasks
 Cell-by-cell parameter change/Massive
parameter change
 Neighbor addition/deletion
 Spectrum Management Tasks

 Frequency change request
 Retune request

Optimization : Tools
The following are some tools used by an Optimizer
 RNO : Radio Network  OMC-R : Operation

Optimization tool and Maintenance
(A956) Center-Radio
 Drive Test Tools  NPA : Network
Performance Analyzer
 TEMS (A985)
 GREYSON
 INMS
 ACTIX (post process
 ASSET
tool)
 Net Monitor
 MapInfo
 Lunpini
 Nbclient

Report Links
 G:\Working Document\Net Ops\Network

Performance\@_THAI\BGW_&_Top20

Performance\@_THAI\Weekly_Dashboard

Performance\@_THAI\Daily_Dashboard_&_Alerts

GSM Optimization - Specific Real Deal

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Optimization: Introduction

Optimization: Introduction Prepared by Performance Team

 Problems and responsible

Optimization: Introduction Prepared by Performance Team

1. Radio link establishment Phase

Optimization: Introduction Prepared by Performance Team

MS BTS BSC MSC

Global CHANNEL REQUEST

CHANNEL ACTIVATION (SDCCH)

CHANNEL ACTIVATION ACK

SABM (L3 info)

(SDCCH) ESTABLISH IND (L3 info)

LOCATION UPDATE REQUEST (IN CASE OF LU)

2. SDCCH Phase CIPHERING MODE COMMAND

CIPHERING MODE COMPLETE

LOCATION UPDATE ACCEPT (IN CASE OF LU)

TMSI REALLOCATION COMPLETE (IN CASE OF LU)

PHYSICAL CONTEXT CONFIRM

CHANNEL ACTIVATION (TCH) TCH allocation

CHANNEL ALLOCATION ACK.

3. TCH Assignment Phase

4. Alert and Connect Phase CONNECT ACK.

Optimization: Introduction Prepared by Performance Team

PHYSICAL CONTEXT REQUEST (old channel)

PHYSICAL CONTEXT CONFIRM (old channel)

CHANNEL ACTIVATION (new channel)

CHANNEL ACTIVATION ACK (new channel)

ASSIGNMENT CMD ASSIGNMENT COMMEND (old channel)

SABM (L3 info)

(SDCCH) ESTABLISH IND (new channel)

ASSIGNMENT CMP ESTABLISH COMPLETE (new channel)

RF CHANNEL RELEASE (old channel)

RF CHANNEL RELEASE ACK (old channel)

Optimization: Introduction Prepared by Performance Team

CHANNEL ACTIVATION ACK.

HO CMD HANDOVER COMMAND

SABM (L3 info)

HANDOVER COMPLETE HO CMP

Optimization: Introduction Prepared by Performance Team

SABM (L3 info)

ESTABLISH_INDICATION UA (L3 info)

Optimization: Introduction Prepared by Performance Team

NO FREE SDCCH !!!

IMMEDIATE ASSIGN COMMEND

 MS will try to request again for a certain of times

 Too much SDCCH “normal” traffic for cell

CHANNEL ACTIVATION (SDCCH)

CHANNEL ACTIVATION ACK

IMMEDIATE ASSIGN COMMEND

??? no message from MS

 Real radio problems

In case of radio failure, MS will retry as in case of

 Channel request received but not sent : 3

Optimization: Introduction Prepared by Performance Team

Optimization: Introduction Prepared by Performance Team

2. Channel request sent to neighbor cell

 Subscriber is not impacted ( the real transaction

 But SDCCH RF access failure is impacted

 Usual radio planning rules are sufficient to avoid