Miw Reviewer

LOGIC
The term “logic” is often used, but not always in its technical sense.Logic is technically
defined as “the science or study of how to evaluate arguments and reasoning”.Logic helps us
to differentiate correct reasoning from poor reasoning.
MATHEMATICAL LOGIC
Is a branch of mathematics with close connections to computer science. It includes both the
mathematical study of logic and the applications of formal logic to other areas of
mathematics.It also includes the study of the deductive formal proofs system and expressive
formal systems.It has four divisions: Set Theory, Model Theory, Recursion Theory and Proof
Theory.
PROPOSITIONS AND SYMBOLS

PROPOSITION
Is a declarative sentence that can be classified as true or false, but not both.
ex.
Manila is the capital of the Philippines.
SIMPLE PROPOSITION
A proposition that conveys one thought with no connecting words.
COMPOUND PROPOSITION
Contains two or more simple propositions that are put together using connective words.
ex.
Kathleen is passing in Mathematics. – Simple Proposition
Kathleen is passing in Mathematics but she is failing in Social Science. – Compound

proposition
CONNECTIVES
and, or, not, and if…then.
CONJUNCTION
Two simple propositions are connected using the word and.
ex.
Today is Wednesday and tomorrow is Thursday.
DISJUNCTION
Two simple propositions are connected using the word or.
ex.
I will pass the Math exam or I will be promoted.
CONDITIONAL
Two simple propositions are connected using the words if…then.
ex.
If you will recite the poem, then you will pass the oral examination.
BICONDITIONAL
Conjunction of two conditional statements where the antecedent and consequent of the first
statement have been switched in the second statement.
ex.
If two sides of a triangle are congruent, then the angle opposite them are congruent, and if two
angles of a triangle are congruent, then the sides opposite them are congruent.
NEGATION
The negation of a given statement that is false whenever the given statement is true, and true
whenever the given statement is false.
ex.
Herbert is good.
Herbert is not good.
It is not the case that Herbert is good.
CONNECTIVE SYMBOL
and ᴧ
or ᴠ
not ~
if…then →
if and only if(iff) ↔
TRUTH TABLES
CONJUNCTION
is a type of compound statement that is comprised of two propositions (also known as
simple statements) joined by the AND operator. The symbol that is used to represent
the AND or logical conjunction operator is ∧. It looks like an inverted letter V.
DISJUNCTIONS
A disjunction is a kind of compound statement that is composed of two simple
statements formed by joining the statements with the OR oper
NEGATION
The negation of a statement is also a statement with a truth value that is

exactly opposite that of the original statement.
IMPLICATION
An implication (also known as a conditional statement) is a type

of compound statement that is formed by joining two simple
statements with the logical implication connective or operator.
BICONDITIONAL
A double implication (also known as a biconditional statement) is
a type of compound statement that is formed by joining two
simple statements with the biconditional operator. A biconditional
statement is really a combination of a conditional statement and
its converse.
FORMS OF CONDITIONAL PROPOSITION
A conditional statement has two parts:
•Hypothesis or antecedent
•Conclusion or consequent
REMEMBER:
ex.
“ If two angles form a linear pair, then they are
supplementary.”
Hypothesis: Two angles form a linear pair.
Conclusion: They are supplementary.
CONVERSE
To form the converse of the conditional
statement, interchange the hypothesis and the
conclusion.
ex.
If two angles are supplementary, then they form
a linear pair.” - CONVERSE
INVERSE
To form the inverse of the conditional
statement, take the negation of both the
hypothesis and the conclusion.
ex.
“ If two angles do not form a linear pair, then they are
not supplementary.” - INVERSE
CONTRAPOSITIVE
To form the contrapositive of the conditional
statement, interchange the hypothesis and the
conclusion of the inverse statement.
ex.
“ If two angles are not supplementary, then they do
not form a linear pair.” - CONTRAPOSITIVE

Miw Reviewer

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Miw Reviewer

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Miw Reviewer

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

LOGIC

PROPOSITIONS AND SYMBOLS

Manila is the capital of the Philippines.

A proposition that conveys one thought with no connecting words.

Kathleen is passing in Mathematics. – Simple Proposition

Kathleen is passing in Mathematics but she is failing in Social Science. – Compound

and, or, not, and if…then.

Two simple propositions are connected using the word and.

Two simple propositions are connected using the word or.

I will pass the Math exam or I will be promoted.

Two simple propositions are connected using the words if…then.

Herbert is not good.

It is not the case that Herbert is good.

if and only if(iff) ↔

The negation of a statement is also a statement with a truth value that is

An implication (also known as a conditional statement) is a type

You might also like