Scribd
Upload
13 views

Graphs and Properties of Logarithmic Functions Part 2

This document discusses properties of logarithmic functions through examples of sketching graphs of functions of the form y = logb x. It provides three examples that illustrate how to sketch graphs by constructing tables of values and plotting points. It analyzes the domain, range, vertical asymptote, x-intercept, and zeros of the third example. Finally, it lists key properties of logarithmic functions derived from their graphs, such as having a domain of positive real numbers and a vertical asymptote of x=0.

Uploaded by

tishvill18
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
13 views

Graphs and Properties of Logarithmic Functions Part 2

This document discusses properties of logarithmic functions through examples of sketching graphs of functions of the form y = logb x. It provides three examples that illustrate how to sketch graphs by constructing tables of values and plotting points. It analyzes the domain, range, vertical asymptote, x-intercept, and zeros of the third example. Finally, it lists key properties of logarithmic functions derived from their graphs, such as having a domain of positive real numbers and a vertical asymptote of x=0.

Uploaded by

tishvill18
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 8

FUNCTIONS

AND THEIR
GRAPHS:
Graphs and Properties of
Logarithmic Functions
Prepared by:
MARILYN O. ABAS
General Mathematics Teacher
Solution:
Step 1: Construct a table of values of
Representing the ordered pairs for the given
logarithmic function function.
through its equation,
table of values and
graph

Example 1: Sketch the 𝑦 = log 𝑥 2𝑦 = 𝑥


2
graph of 𝑦 = log 2 𝑥. 𝑦
2 =
1
16
1
2𝑦 =
(Base greater than 1) 24
2𝑦 = 2 −4

𝑦 = −4
Step 2: Plot the points found in the
table and connect them
Example 1: using a smooth curve.

Sketch the graph of

𝑦 = log 2 𝑥.

(Base greater than 1)

It can be observed that the function is defined only for


𝑥 > 0. The function is strictly increasing and attains all
real values. As 𝑥 approaches 0 from the right, the
function decreases without bound, that is, the line 𝑥 =
0 is a vertical asymptote.
Solution:
Step 1: Construct a table of values of
Example 2: ordered pairs for the given
function.
Sketch the graph of

𝑦 = log 1 𝑥 .
2
1 𝑦
𝑦 = log 1 𝑥 =𝑥
(base between 0 and 1) 2 2
1 𝑦 1
=8 −𝑦 = −3
2
1 𝑦 1
= 3 𝑦=3
2 2
2−1 𝑦 = 2−3
Step 2: Plot the points found in the
table and connect them using
a smooth curve.

It can be observed that the function is defined only for


𝑥 > 0. The function is strictly decreasing and attains all
real values. As 𝑥 approaches 0 from the right, the
function increases without bound, i.e., the line 𝑥 = 0 is a
vertical asymptote.
Solution:
Sketch the graph of the
Example 3:
basic function y = log 3 𝑥.
Note that the base 3 > 1.
Sketch the graph
The “-1” means vertical
of
shift downwards by 1 unit.
𝑦 = log 3 𝑥 − 1 .
Some points on the graph

Determine the of y = log 3 𝑥 are (1, 0), (3, 1),


domain, range, and (9, 2). Shift these points
vertical 1 unit down to obtain (1, -1),
asymptote, (3, 0), and (9, 1). Plot these
𝑥 −intercept, and points. The graph is shown
zero. at the right.
Analysis:
(a) Domain: 𝑥 𝑥𝜖ℝ, 𝑥 > 0
Example 3: (b) Range: 𝑦 𝑦 ∈ ℝ
(c) Vertical Asymptote: 𝑥 = 0
Sketch the graph (d) x −intercept: 3
of The x −intercept can be
𝑦 = log 3 𝑥 − 1 . obtained graphically.
Likewise, we can solve for
Determine the the x −intercept
domain, range,
algebraically by setting 𝑦 = 0.
vertical
0 = log 3 𝑥 − 1
asymptote,
log 3 𝑥 = 1
𝑥 −intercept, and
𝑥 = 31 = 3
zero.
(e) Zero: 3
Using the graph of 𝑦 = log 𝑏 𝑥 (𝑏 > 1 or 0 <
𝑏 < 1), the following properties may be
elicited:
i. The domain is the set of all positive
numbers, or 𝑥 ∈ ℝ 𝑥 > 0 .
ii. The range is the set of all real numbers.
iii. It is a one-to-one function. It satisfies
Properties of the Horizontal Line Test.
Logarithmic iv. The 𝑥 −intercept is 1. There is no
Functions 𝑦 −intercept.
v. The vertical asymptote is the line 𝑥 = 0
(or the 𝑦 −axis). There is no horizontal
asymptote.

You might also like