Explanation

EXPLANATION TEXT
Human body is made up of countless millions of cells. Food is needed to built up

new cells and replace the worn out cells. However, the food that we take must
be changed into substances that can be carried in the blood to the places where
they are needed. This process is called digestion.
The first digestive process takes place in the mouth. The food we eat is broken
up into small pieces by the action of teeth, mixed with saliva, a juice secreted by
glands in the mouth. Saliva contains digestive juice which moisten the food, so it
can be swallowed easily.
From the mouth, food passes through the esophagus (the food passage) into the
stomach. Here, the food is mixed with the juices secreted by the cells in the
stomach for several hours. Then the food enters the small intestine. All the time
the muscular walls of the intestine are squeezing, mixing and moving the food
onwards.
In a few hours, the food changes into acids. These are soon absorbed by the villi
(microscopic branch projections from the intestine walls) and passed into the
bloodstream.
1. What is the text about?
A. The digestive system
B. The digestive juice
C. The method of the digestive system
D. The process of intestine work
E. The food substances
2. How can we swallow the food easily?
A. The food changes into acids absorbed by the villi.

B. The food must be digested first through the process.
C. The food is directly swallowed through esophagus into the stomach.
D. The food is mixed with the juices secreted by the cells in the stomach.
E. The food we take must be changed into substances carried in the blood to the
places.
3. “Human body is made up of countless millions of cells.” (Paragraph 1) The phrase

“made up” means ….
A. arranged
B. produced
C. managed
D. constructed
E. completed
Tsunami
Tsunami occurs when major fault under the ocean floor suddenly slips. The
displaced rock pushes water above it like a giant paddle, producing powerful
water waves at the ocean surface. The ocean waves spread out from the vicinity
of the earthquake source and move across the ocean until they reach the
coastline, where their height increases as they reach the continental shelf, the
part of the earth crust that slopes, or rises, from the ocean floor up to the land.
A tsunami washes ashore with oftendisastrous effects such as severe flooding,
loss of lives due to drowning and damage to property.
A tsunami is a very large sea wave that is generated by a disturbance along the
ocean floor. This disturbance can be an earthquake, a landslide, or a volcanic
eruption. A tsunami is undetectable far out in the ocean, but once it reaches
shallow water, this fast traveling wave grows very large.
4. Tsunami happened because of.....
A. The displaced rock pushes water above it

B. A major fault under the ocean floor slips suddenly
C. The ocean waves spread out from the vicinity of the source
D. The waves moves across the ocean until they reach the beach
E. A tsunami is undetectable far out in the ocean
5. What are the impacts of tsunami?
A. The part of the Earth’s crust that slopes, or rises, from the ocean floor down
to the land
B. A tsunami washes ashore with often disastrous effects such as flooding and
loss of lives
C. A tsunami is a very large sea wave which is not generated by a disturbance a
long the ocean floor
D. A tsunami is detectable far out in the ocean
E. Once tsunami reaches shallow water, the wave never grows very large
6. We understand from the text that tsunami ....
A. Causes the movement of earth

B. Forms a new shape of coastline
C. Makes unfortunate event
D. Rises a new coastal land
E. Displaces rocks to land
7. Global warming is a phenomenon used to describe the gradual increase in the

temperature of Earth's atmosphere and oceans. Global warming is not a new problem
lately people are acknowledging that we are facing a serious problem. Climate change is
apparent everywhere.
Based on the text, we can conclude that global warming is ...

A. the raise of Earth's atmosphere and ocean temperature
B. is a new problem faced by human
C. is not a severe problem
D. the temperature of Earth's atmosphere and the oceans
E. a phenomenon
Is a clean burning substitute for petroleum based diesel fuel. Biodiesel is made
of vegetable oil.
To make or manufacture Biodiesel, you must first start with raw materials. The
raw materials needed in the production of Biodiesel are a small amount of
methanol and a ready supply of vegetable product.One of the most common
vegetables used in the production of Biodiesel is corn, although depending on
the geographic location of the manufacturing facility many other plants are used
as well (rapeseed, soybeans, flaxseed, etc.). The first step is to use the raw
vegetable product to make vegetable oil. Vegetable oil by itself will not be what
you need to power a car, from here it has to be processed into Biodiesel.The
process for converting vegetable oil into Biodiesel is sometimes called ester
interchange. To complete this process the vegetable oil has to be combined with
a smaller amount of methanol and then put in the presence of a small quantity
of an alkaline catalyst (for example, 5% to 1% sodium hydroxide). Vegetable oil is
made up of so-called triglycerides, which is a compound of the trivalent alcohol
glycerin with three fatty acids.The goal of ester interchange is to separate the
glycerin molecule from the three fatty acids and replace it with three methanol
molecules. This process then yields roughly 90% Biodiesel and 10% of a glycerin
byproduct. The glycerin byproduct can be used in a number of other chemical
processes for different industries.
8. What is the text about?
A. The process of making Biodiesel

B. The use of the Biodiesel.
C. The advantage of using the Biodiesel.
D. The benefit of producing the Biodiesel.
E. The development of the Biodiesel product.
9. What are interchanged in the process of ester interchange?
A. The three fatty acids with the glycerin molecules.

B. The glycerin molecule with three methanol molecules
C. Methanol with the three fatty acids.
D. Vegetable oil with methanol
E. Methanol and alkaline catalyst.
10. According to the text, one of the advantages in using biodiesel is…
A. it is cheap.
B. it only uses vegetable oil.
C. it uses replaceable materials.
D. it can be done in small industry.
E. it gives less pollution than petroleum
11. “The process for converting vegetable oil…”(Paragraph 3). The word “converting”
is closest in meaning to…
A. Producing
B. Separating
C. Attaching
D. Processing
E. Changing
Have you ever wondered how people get chocolate from? In this article we’ll
enter the amazing world of chocolate so you can understand exactly what you’re
eating.
Chocolate starts with a tree called the cacao tree. This tree grows in equatorial
regions, especially in places such as South America, Africa, and Indonesia. The
cacao tree produces a fruit about the size of a small pine apple. Inside the fruit
are the tree’s seeds, also known as cocoa beans.
The beans are fermented for about a week, dried in the sun and then shipped to
the chocolate maker. The chocolate maker starts by roasting the beans to bring
out the flavour. Different beans from different places have different qualities and
flavor, so they are often sorted and blended to produce a distinctive mix. Next,
the roasted beans are winnowed. Winnowing removes the meat nib of the cacao
bean from its shell. Then, the nibs are blended. The blended nibs are ground to
make it a liquid. The liquid is called chocolate liquor. It tastes bitter. All seeds
contain some amount of fat, and cacao beans are not different. However, cacao
beans are half fat, which is why the ground nibs form liquid. It’s pure bitter
chocolate.
12. The text is about …
A. the cacao tree

B. the cacao beans
C. the raw chocolate
D. the making of chocolate
E. the flavour of chocolate
13. The third paragraph focuses on …
A. the process of producing chocolate

B. how to produce the cocoa flavour
C. where chocolate comes from
D. the chocolate liquor
E. the cacao fruit
14. ” …, so they are often sorted and blended to produce …” (Paragraph 3.) The word
“sorted “is close in meaning to …
A. arranged
B. combined
C. separated
D. distributed
E. organized
15. How does the chocolate maker start to make chocolate?
A. By fermenting the beans.

B. By roasting the beans
C. By blending the beans.
D. By sorting the beans.
E. By drying the beans

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EXPLANATION TEXT

Human body is made up of countless millions of cells. Food is needed to built up

2. How can we swallow the food easily?

A. The food changes into acids absorbed by the villi.

3. “Human body is made up of countless millions of cells.” (Paragraph 1) The phrase

4. Tsunami happened because of.....

A. The displaced rock pushes water above it

5. What are the impacts of tsunami?

6. We understand from the text that tsunami ....

A. Causes the movement of earth

7. Global warming is a phenomenon used to describe the gradual increase in the

Based on the text, we can conclude that global warming is ...

8. What is the text about?

A. The process of making Biodiesel

9. What are interchanged in the process of ester interchange?

A. The three fatty acids with the glycerin molecules.

12. The text is about …

A. the cacao tree

13. The third paragraph focuses on …

A. the process of producing chocolate

15. How does the chocolate maker start to make chocolate?

A. By fermenting the beans.

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