Trus-Joist Specifier's Guide
Trus-Joist Specifier's Guide
Trus-Joist Specifier's Guide
TJI 110 TJI 210 TJI 230 TJI 360 TJI 560 Joists
a a a
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Why choose the Silent Floor joist? Heres why so many specifiers and builders do:
EASY INSTALLATION
no surprises on the job or later on. The same precision engineering that keeps a floor strong and quiet also makes it easier to install. The natural defects found in sawn lumber are engineered out, and dimensional stability is manufactured in. And, at about half the weight of ordinary lumber joists, TJI joists can be installed in a fraction of the time.
PRODUCT AVAILABILITY
our nation-wide distribution system ensures on-time delivery. With seven TJI joist manufacturing plants and over 70 distribution centers located strategically across North America, we make specifying, purchasing, and installing Silent Floor joists a hassle-free experience.
DESIGN FLEXIBILITY
longer lengths for endless design options. Silent Floor joists are not limited by the dimensions or inconsistencies of ordinary sawn lumber. Longer uninterrupted spans with joists that wont bow, twist, or shrink means you have more design freedom than ever before.
INTEGRITY
guaranteed for the lifetime of the structure. Builders appreciate our lifetime guarantee as much as home-owners do. After 30 years and more than three million homes, we at Trus Joist have so much confidence in our Silent Floor joists that we guarantee them for the life of the home.
The residential products in this guide are intended for use in single-family dwellings and are readily available through our nationwide network of distributors and dealers. For information on using these products in multi-family dwellings, refer to TJI Joists for Multi-Family Applications (Reorder 2040). For commercial applications such as retail stores, office buildings, schools, restaurants, hotels, nursing homes, etc., please refer to the Commercial Product Manual (Reorder 1900) or our Structural Product Design Manual (Reorder 1000). Commercial products are typically designed, manufactured, and sold by Trus Joist for each specific job. For more information on any Trus Joist product, please call 1-800-628-3997.
HOMEBUYERS GUARANTEE
We guarantee that the Trus Joist products used in your home have been manufactured to precise tolerances and are free from defects in materials and workmanship. In the unlikely event that your Silent Floor joist develops squeaks or any other problem caused by such defects, and provided that your oor joists have been properly installed, we will promptly remedy that problem at no cost to you. In addition, if you call us with a problem that you believe may be caused by our products, our representative will contact you within one business day to evaluate the problem and help solve it. Guaranteed. This guarantee is effective for the life of your home.
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Construction adhesive
Prevent shrinkage
Movement
Keep building materials dry, and properly glue floor panels to the joists. Panels that become excessively wet during construction shrink as they dry. This shrinkage may leave gaps that allow the panel to move when stepped on.
Avoid shiners
Exercise care when nailing. Nails that barely hit the joists (shiners) do not hold the panel tight to the joist and should be removed. If left in, the nails will rub against the side of the joist when the panel deflects.
For more information and tips on how to prevent floor noise, refer to The Silent Floor Field Guide for Prevention and Repair of Squeaks (Reorder 2065). TA B L E O F C O N T E N T S
Understanding and Preventing Floor Noise . . .3 Floor Span Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 Design Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Material Weights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Floor Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 FrameWorks Floor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 Silent Floor Joist Framing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 Floor Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 Fastening of Floor Panels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 Rim Board Selection and Installation . . . . . .10 Allowable Holes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 Cantilevers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1213 Fire-Safe Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 Floor Load Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 PSF to PLF Conversion Table . . . . . . . . . . . .15 Roof Span Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1617 Cut Length Calculation and Factor Tables . . .17 Roof Framing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 Roof Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1920 Roof Load Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 Framing Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2223
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134" 138"
38"
1178"
14"
2116" 138"
38"
16"
2516" 138"
38"
14"
16"
Long term deflection under dead load, which includes the effect of creep, has not been considered. Bold italic spans reflect initial dead load deflection exceeding 0.33".
2516" 138"
38"
(1) Web stiffeners are required at intermediate supports of continuous span joists when the intermediate bearing length is less than 514" and the span on either side of the intermediate bearing is greater than the following spans:
TJI
40 PSF Live Load / 10 PSF Dead Load 12" o.c. 16" o.c. 19.2" o.c. 24" o.c. N.A. N.A. N.A. 15'-4" N.A. N.A. 21'-4" 17'-0" N.A. N.A. N.A. 19'-2" N.A. N.A. 24'-5" 19'-6" N.A. N.A. 29'-10" 23'-10"
40 PSF Live Load / 20 PSF Dead Load 12" o.c. 16" o.c. 19.2" o.c. 24" o.c. N.A. N.A. 16'-0" 12'-9" N.A. 21'-4" 17'-9" 14'-2" N.A. N.A. 19'-11" 15'-11" N.A. 24'-5" 20'-4" 16'-3" N.A. 29'-10" 24'-10" 19'-10"
General Notes
Tables are based on: Uniform loads. More restrictive of simple or continuous span. Clear distance between supports (134" minimum end bearing). Assumed composite action with a single layer of 24" on-center span-rated, glue-nailed floor panels for deflection only. Spans shall be reduced 6" when floor panels are nailed only. Spans generated from Trus Joist software may exceed the spans shown in these tables because software reflects actual design conditions. For loading conditions not shown, refer to software or to load tables on page 15.
312" 138"
716"
TJI
560 joists
Material Weights
(Include TJI weights in dead load calculations see Design Properties table at left for joist weights)
Floor Panels
Southern Pine
12" 58" 34"
912"
1178"
14"
16"
110 210 230 110 210 230 360 560 110 210 230 360 560 210 230 360 560
plywood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.7 psf plywood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2.0 psf plywood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2.5 psf OSB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.8 psf OSB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2.2 psf OSB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2.7 psf OSB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.1 psf
Roofing
Asphalt shingles . . . . . . . . . . . .2.5 psf Wood shingles . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2.0 psf Clay tile . . . . . . . . . . . . .9.0 to 14.0 psf Slate (38" thick) . . . . . . . . . . . .15.0 psf
(1) Caution: Do not increase joist moment design properties by a repetitive member use factor.
General Notes
Design reaction includes all loads on the joist. Design shear is computed at the face of supports including all loads on the span(s). Allowable shear may sometimes be increased at interior supports in accordance with pending ICC ESR-1153 and these increases are reflected in span tables. The following formulas approximate the uniform load deflection of (inches): For TJI 110, 210, 230, and 360 Joists 22.5 wL4 2.67 wL2 = + El d x 105 w L d El = = = = For TJI 560 Joists 22.5 wL4 2.29 wL2 = + El d x 105
TJI
Roll or Batt Insulation (1" thick): Rock wool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0.2 psf Glass wool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0.1 psf
Floor Finishes
Hardwood (nominal 1") . . . . . . .4.0 psf Sheet vinyl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0.5 psf Carpet and pad . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.0 psf
34"
Concrete: Regular (1") . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12.0 psf Lightweight (1") . . . . . . .8.0 to 10.0 psf Gypsum concrete (34") . . . . . . .6.5 psf
uniform load in pounds per linear foot span in feet out-to-out depth of the joist in inches value from table above
Ceilings
Acoustical fiber tile . . . . . . . . . .1.0 psf
12" 58"
WARNING
DO NOT allow workers to walk on joists until braced. INJURY MAY RESULT.
WARNING NOTES:
Lack of concern for proper bracing during construction can result in serious accidents. Under normal conditions if the following guidelines are observed, accidents will be avoided.
1. All blocking, hangers, rim boards, and rim joists at the end supports of the TJI joists must be completely installed and properly nailed. 2. Lateral strength, like a braced end wall or an existing deck, must be established at the ends of the bay. This can also be accomplished by a temporary or permanent deck (sheathing) fastened to the first 4 feet of joists at the end of the bay. 3. Safety bracing lines of 1x4 (minimum) must be nailed to a braced end wall or sheathed area as in note 2 and to each joist. Without this bracing, buckling sideways or rollover is highly probable under light construction loadslike a worker or one layer of unnailed sheathing. 4. Sheathing must be totally attached to each TJI joist before additional loads can be placed on the system. 5. Ends of cantilevers require safety bracing on both the top and bottom flanges. 6. The flanges must remain straight within a tolerance of 12" from true alignment.
DO NOT stack building materials on unsheathed joists. Stack only over beams or walls.
With the TJ-Pro Rating System and Trus Joists proprietary materials, we can accurately predict what it will take to build a floor that satisfies even your most demanding customer. And youll get the right balance of cost and performance in every system.
Satisfied customers mean more referrals. And the FrameWorks Floor System is the best way to make sure that theres less to complain about. It takes the guesswork out of how to build a floor that will make your customers happy.
Our unique panel provides increased stiffness, better fastener holding, and lower edge swell than commodity panels, so its idea for hardwood and ceramic tile applications.
FASTER AND EASIER INSTALLATION The TJ-Performance Plus panels will save you time. The precise fastening grid makes it easy to get it right the first time, and the self-gapping tongue and groove lets your crews slide the panels into place quickly.
For projects that demand quality, performance, and customer satisfaction, upgrade to the FrameWorks Floor System. Contact your Trus Joist representative or call 800-338-0515 for more information.
Silent Floor joist framing does not require bridging or mid-span blocking
Joists must be laterally supported at cantilever and end bearings by blocking panels, hangers or direct attachment to a rim board or rim joist
Safety bracing (1x4 minimum) placed at 8' on-center (6' on-center for TJI 110 joists) and extended to a braced end wall. Fasten at each joist with two 8d (212") nails minimum.
Protect untreated wood from direct contact with 112" knockouts at concrete approximately 12" on-center
WARNING Joists are unstable until laterally braced. See warning notes on page 5.
One 8d (212") box nail each side. Drive nails at an angle at least 112" from end.
1"
Also see Detail B2 on page 9
(1) Web stiffener material shall be PS1 or PS2 sheathing, face grain vertical (2) 2x4 construction grade or better
Floor Details
Trus Joist TJI Joist Specifiers Guide 2025 March 2004
Load bearing or shear wall above (must stack over wall below) Blocking panel
Load bearing wall above (must stack over wall below) 2x4 minimum squash blocks
116"
B1
B1 W
B2
B2 W
Blocking panels may be required with shear walls above or below see detail B1
B3
B3 W
Blocking panels may be required with shear walls above or below see detail B1 Apply subfloor adhesive to all contact surfaces
Top flange hanger Face mount hanger Web stiffeners required if sides of hanger do not laterally support at least 38" of TJI joist top flange Two 8d (212") box nails or 212" screws, typical
H1
H3
PB1
Applications shown in this guide do not require blocking, strapping, or a directly applied ceiling; however, backspan bracing of cantilever applications is required when specified by software
Backer block: Install tight to top flange (tight to bottom flange with face mount hangers). Attach with ten 10d (3") box nails, clinched when possible.
Filler block: Nail with ten 10d (3") box nails, clinched. Use ten 16d (312") box nails from each side with TJI 560 joists.
210 912" or 14" or 1178" 16" 2x6 + 38" 2x8 + 38" sheathing sheathing 2x6 + 38" 2x10 + 38" sheathing sheathing 4'-0" long 6'-0" long
34"
230 or 360 912" or 14" or 1178" 16" 2x6 + 12" 2x8 + 12" sheathing sheathing 2x6 + 12" 2x10 + 12" sheathing sheathing 4'-0" long 6'-0" long 1" net
1178"
Not applicable
or 78"
2x6
2x8
H2
With top flange hangers, backer block required only for downward loads exceeding 250 lbs or for uplift conditions
* If necessary, increase filler and backer block height for face mount hangers. Maintain 18" gap at top of joist; see detail W. Filler and backer block dimensions should accommodate required nailing without splitting.
Fastening of Floor Panels to TJI Joist Flanges and Trus Joist Rim Board
Load from above
Closest On-Center Spacing per Row Trus Joist Rim Board TJI 110 and 210 230, 360, and 560 1" 114" 8d (212") box 212" 2" 6" 4" 8d (212") common 312" 2" 6" 4" 10d (3"), 12d (314") box 3" 2" 6" 4" 10d (3"), 12d (314") common 412" 3" 6" 4" 16d (312") common N.A. 4" 16" 6"(1) Nail Size
(1) Can be reduced to 4" on-center with maximum nail penetration of 138" into the narrow edge.
1/16"
General Notes
Maximum spacing of nails is 18" on-center for TJI 110 joists, and 24" on-center for TJI 210, 230, 360, and 560 joists. If more than one row of nails is used, the rows must be offset at least 12" and staggered. 14 ga. staples may be substituted for 8d (212") nails if minimum penetration of 1" is achieved. Table also applies for the attachment of TJI rim joists and blocking panels to the wall plate.
CS
Use 2x4 minimum squash blocks to transfer load around TJI joist
Blocking panel
Rim board is often the critical structural link in the ability of a home to resist lateral wind loads. It also transfers vertical load around the TJI joists. Rim board Detail A3 (shown below) satisfies conventional construction requirements. But if your project requires a designed solution, see our Trus Joist Rim Board Selection and Installation Guide for Lateral Wind Loads (Reorder 2109). This easy to use design guide for specifiers and code officials goes beyond conventional construction guidelineswhich were based on the smaller, simpler homes of the pastand provides design information that considers todays larger, more complex homes.
A1
Plate nail Floor panel nail
Remove tongue and groove from floor panel edges supported by 1" e-Rim to ensure quality nailing.* TJI rim joist
A2
A3
*According to ICBO Evaluation Services, Inc., it is necessary to trim the panel edges when using 118" or thinner rim board.
A3.4
LA
Fastener
38" 12"
Allowable Load (lbs)(1) 114" 1" Rim Board e-Rim 400 N.A. 475 325
Rim Board Thickness Plate Nail16d (312") box Floor Panel Nail8d (212") common Toe Nail10d (3") box Sill Plate Anchor Bolt
(1) Allowable load determined in accordance with AC 124. Corrosion-resistant fasteners required for wet-service applications.
Allowable Holes 11
Trus Joist TJI Joist Specifiers Guide 2025 March 2004
6" 6"
D1 2 x D1 minimum (applies to all holes except knockouts) L1 L2 2 x L2 minimum D2
1178"
14"
16"
1178"
14"
16"
General Notes
Holes may be located vertically anywhere within the web. Leave 18" of web (minimum) at top and bottom of hole. Knockouts are located in web at approximately 12" on-center; they do not affect hole placement. For simple span (5' minimum) uniformly loaded joists meeting the requirements of this guide, one maximum size round hole may be located at the center of the joist span provided no other holes occur in the joist. Distances are based on the maximum uniform loads shown in this guide. For other load conditions or hole configurations use TJ-Beam software or contact your Trus Joist representative.
12 Cantilevers
Trus Joist TJI Joist Specifiers Guide 2025 March 2004
2'-0"
2'-0"
5" to 24"
TJI joists may be cantilevered up to 5" when supporting roof load, assuming: simple or continuous span L1 L2
TJI joists may be cantilevered 5" to 24" when supporting roof load, assuming: simple or continuous span L1 L2
Web stiffeners required at E1W 8" diameter maximum hole for 1178"16" deep blocking panels; 6" diameter maximum for blocking panels 912" deep or shorter than 12" long. Do not cut flanges. 4'-0" length of 34" reinforcement on one side at E2, both sides at E3. Attach to joist with 8d (212") common nails at 6" on-center. When reinforcing both sides, stagger nails.
12" length of 34" reinforcement on one side at E5/E7, both sides at E6/E8. Attach to joist with one 8d (212") common nail at each corner.
Trus Joist rim board, typical. Nail with 10d (3") box nails, one each at top and bottom flange.
11 2
es tim
gth len m, er u ) ilev axim only nt Ca 0" m oads l (4' orm f uni
Nail through 2x_, wood backer and TJI joist web with 2 rows 10d (3") common nails at 6" on-center, clinched. Use 16d (312") nails with TJI 560 joists. F1 applies to uniformly loaded joists only.
Blocking panel between each joist. Full depth vertical blocking at E5 and E6, horizontal blocking at E7 and E8. Nail with connections equivalent to decking schedule (E7 and E8)
Wood backer
6'-0" length of TJI joist reinforcement and filler block at E4. Use 4'-0" length with 912" and 1178" TJI joists. Attach to joist web with 3 rows 10d (3") common nails at 6" on-center, clinched. Use 2 rows with 912" and 1178" TJI joists. Not for use with TJI 560 joists.
Cantilevers 13
Trus Joist TJI Joist Specifiers Guide 2025 March 2004
Cantilever Reinforcement
Section A: Cantilevers less than 5" (Brick Ledge) Depth TJI Roof Truss Span 16" 20' 22' 24' 26' 28' 30' 32' 20' 22' 24' 26' 28' 30' 32' 24' 26' 28' 30' 32' 34' 28' 30' 32' 34' 36' 38' 40' 30' 32' 34' 36' 38' 40' 35 PSF 19.2" 24" E5 E5 E5 E5 X X X E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 X E5 E5 E5 E5 X X E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 Roof Total Load 45 PSF On-center Joist Spacing 16" 19.2" 24" E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 X E5 E5 X E5 X X E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 X E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 X E5 E5 X E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 55 PSF 16" E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 19.2" E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 X E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 24" E5 E5 E5 E6 X X X E5 E5 E5 E5 E6 E6 X E5 E5 E5 E5 X X E5 E5 E5 E6 E6 E6 E6 E5 E5 E5 E6 E6 E6 16" 35 PSF 19.2" 24" Section B: Cantilevers 5" to 24" Roof Total Load 45 PSF On-center Joist Spacing 16" 19.2" 24" X X X E2 X E2 X X E3 X X X X X E2 E2 X X X X E2 E2 E3 X X X E1W E2 E2 E2 E2 E2 55 PSF 16" 19.2" X X X X X X 24" X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X E2 E2 E2 E3 E3 E3 E3
110
E5 E5
E5 E5 E5 E5 X
E2
E2 E3 X
X X X X
E2 X X X
210
E5
E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5
230
E5 E5
360
E5 E5
E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5 E5
E2
E2 E3 X
E2 E3
E2 E3 X
E2 E3 X
E2 X X X E2 E3 X X X
E2 E3
E2 E3 X
E2 E3
E2 E2 E3 X
E2 E2 E3 X
E1W
E1W E2 E2 E2
560
E5 E5 E5
E1W
E2 E2 E2 E2
General Notes
Tables are based on: 15 psf roof dead load on a horizontal projection. 80 plf exterior wall load with 3'-0" maximum width window or door openings. For larger openings, or multiple 3'-0" width openings spaced less than 6'-0" on-center, additional joists beneath the openings trimmers may be required. More restrictive of simple or continuous span. Roof truss with 24" soffits. 34" reinforcement refers to 34" Exposure 1 plywood or other 34" Exposure 1, 48/24-rated sheathing that is cut to match the full depth of the TJI joist. Install with face grain horizontal. Reinforcing member must bear fully on the wall plate. Designed for 2x4 and 2x6 plate widths. For conditions beyond the scope of this table, including cantilevers longer than 24", use our TJ-Beam or TJ-Xpert software.
14 Fire-Safe Construction
Trus Joist TJI Joist Specifiers Guide 2025 March 2004
Fire-safe construction and life safety are major concerns for everyone in the building materials and construction industry. The 2002 statistics on residential fire in the U.S. alone include 2,695 fire fatalities and $6.1 billion in property damage. These numbers underscore the seriousness of the issue and the need for fire-safe construction. Over the past 30 years, prefabricated wood I-joists have established a record of safe and reliable performance in millions of structures. Many of these structures, such as one- or two-family residential dwellings, do not require specific fire-endurance ratings per the building codes. The following information is intended to help you specify and install Trus Joist products with fire safety in mind. Active Fire Suppression Trus Joist supports the position that homeowners, firefighters, insurers and the community at large benefit from the use of properly installed fire sprinkler systems. Automatic residential fire sprinkler systems have an excellent record of performance and offer the best available protection to occupants and their property. Todays modern systems are inconspicuous and efficient and can be installed for less cost than the typical homeowner will spend to carpet their floors. This type of fire suppression system will: Provide early and unsupervised fire suppression Reduce smoke development Enhance life safety Reduce potential for significant property damage Suggested Minimum Membrane Construction Smoke Detectors Smoke detectors are universally recognized as the most costeffective life-saving devices. While smoke detectors do not provide protection to the structure or to the contents in a home, they do alert occupants to potential fire hazards and allow them time to escape. Passive Fire Protection Independent tests have proven that unprotected, lightweight framing systemswhether combustible or non-combustible suffer serious and rapid structural degradation when exposed to heat and fire. All floor framing materialssawn lumber, wood I-joists, trusses, and light gauge steelsuccumb quickly to fire if not protected. In fire scenarios, a protective membrane such as gypsum ceiling board will provide additional protection to the structural framing members. Passive fire-suppression methods will: Delay fire growth Reduce potential for significant property damage Enhance the market value of the home
Trus Joist supports the idea that all floor/ceiling and roof/ceiling assemblies in habitable areas be protected by a minimum membrane protection consisting of 1/2" gypsum board (or equivalent)
48/24 tongue-and-groove, span-rated floor panels (Exposure 1) Single layer of 12" thick gypsum board TJI joists
48/24 tongue-and-groove, span-rated floor panels (Exposure 1) Two layers of 12" thick Type X gypsum board TJI joists Note: Resilient channels (not shown) may be installed between the joists and gypsum board if improved STC and IIC sound ratings are desired. Resilient channels are required when optional 312" thick glass fiber batt insulation is being installed. Reference: ICC ESR-1153
912"
1178"
14"
16"
110 210 230 110 210 230 360 560 110 210 230 360 560 210 230 360 560
48 52 69 101 59 69 75 98 * 93 100 * *
39 51 76 51 56 73 107 69 75 * *
39 58
78 108
45
91
43 56 83 53 57 75 *
77 88 108 77 87 88 108
44 65
81 99
59 86
81 99
General Notes
Tables are based on: Uniform loads. No composite action provided by sheathing. More restrictive of simple or continuous span. TOTAL LOAD limits joist deflection to L/240. LIVE LOAD is based on joist deflection of L/480. If a live load deflection limit of L/360 is desired, multiply value in LIVE LOAD column by 1.33. The resulting live load shall not exceed the TOTAL LOAD shown.
912"
1178"
16" 14"
16"
912"
1178"
19.2" 14"
16"
912"
1178"
24" 14"
16"
See page 17 for General Notes and information on how to use this table
General Notes
Table is based on: Uniform loads. More restrictive of simple or continuous span. Minimum roof surface slope of 14" in 12". 134" minimum end bearing and 312" minimum intermediate bearing. Total load limits joist deflection to L/180. Live load is based on joist deflection of L/240. A support beam or wall at the high end is required (ridge board applications do not provide adequate support). Spans shown assume no web stiffeners at intermediate bearings.
D Factors
Depth 912" 1178" 14" 16" 212 in 12 2" 212" 3" 338" 3 in 12 238" 3" 312" 4" 312 in 12 278" 312" 418" 434" 4 in 12 314" 4" 434" 538" 412 in 12 358" 412" 514" 6" 5 in 12 4" 5" 578" 634" Slope 6 in 12 434" 6" 7" 8" 7 in 12 558" 7" 814" 938" 8 in 12 638" 8" 938" 1034" 9 in 12 718" 9" 1012" 12" 10 in 12 8" 10" 1134" 1338" 11 in 12 834" 11" 1278" 1434" 12 in 12 912" 1178" 14" 16"
Slope Factors
Slope Factor 212 in 12 1.021 3 in 12 1.031 312 in 12 1.042 4 in 12 1.054 412 in 12 1.068 5 in 12 1.083 6 in 12 1.118 7 in 12 1.158 8 in 12 1.202 9 in 12 1.250 10 in 12 1.302 11 in 12 1.357 12 in 12 1.414
18 Roof Framing
Trus Joist TJI Joist Specifiers Guide 2025 March 2004
WARNING Joists are unstable until laterally braced. See warning notes on page 5.
Safety bracing (1x4 minimum) placed at 8' on-center (6' on-center for TJI 110 joists) and extended to a braced end wall. Fasten at each joist with two 8d (212") nails minimum.
Joists must be laterally supported at cantilever and end bearings by shear blocking, hangers, or direct attachment to a rim board or rim joist See ALLOWABLE HOLES on page 11
General Notes
Unless otherwise noted, all details are valid to a maximum slope of 12/12. Web stiffeners are required if the sides of the hanger do not laterally support at least 38" of the TJI joist top flange.
8d (212") box nail, one each side, 112" minimum from end Trus Joist rim board: Toenail with 10d (3") box nails at 6" on-center or 16d (312") box nails at 12" on-center TJI joist blocking: 10d (3") box nails at 6" on-center Shear transfer nailing: Use connections equivalent to sheathing nail schedule
Slopes 3/12 or less: One 8d (212") box nail each side (see Detail R7) Slopes greater than 3/12: Two 8d (212") box nails each side, plus a twist strap and backer block. See Detail R7S.
When slope exceeds 14" per foot, a beveled bearing plate, variable slope seat connector, or birdsmouth cut (at low end of joist only) is required
Roof Details 19
Trus Joist TJI Joist Specifiers Guide 2025 March 2004
Birdsmouth Cut
V-cut shear blocking Trus Joist rim board
Allowed at low end of joist only
Beveled bearing plate required when slope exceeds 14" per foot
R1
13
R3
13
R5
Intermediate Bearing
Blocking panels or shear blocking are optional for joist stability at intermediate supports
Birdsmouth Cut
Allowed at low end of joist only
Twist strap and backer block required at R7S with slopes greater than 3/12. See nailing requirements on page 18.
2x4 one side. Use 2x4 both sides if joist spacing is greater than 24" on-center
Beveled bearing plate required when slope exceeds 14" per foot
m 4'ini 0" m um
R7
R7 W
R7 S
R8
Beveled 2x4 block with beveled web stiffener on opposite side of web
Birdsmouth Cut
Allowed at low end of joist only
2x4 one side. Use 2x6 if joist spacing is greater than 24" on-center.
m 4'ini 0" m um
2x4 one side. Use 2x4 both sides if joist spacing is greater than 24" on-center
Filler 10d (3") box nails at 8" on-center Beveled 2x4 block
0" 2'- imum ax m
R9
R10
Beveled bearing plate required when slope exceeds 14" per foot
TJI joist flange must bear fully on the plate. See detail BC on page 20.
20 Roof Details
Trus Joist TJI Joist Specifiers Guide 2025 March 2004
L L
Birdsmouth Cut
Allowed at low end of joist only
R14
Double beveled bearing plate when slope exceeds 14" per foot
Beveled web stiffener each side of TJI joist web TJI joist flange must bear fully on plate. Birdsmouth cut must not overhang inside face of plate.
BC
Backer block: Install tight to bottom flange (tight to top flange with top flange hangers). Attach with ten 10d (3") box nails, clinched when possible. LSTA18 strap nails at H6S with slopes greater than 3/12 Strap nails: Leave 238" minimum end distance, typical Variable slope joist hanger, see pages 22 and 23. Beveled web stiffener required each side.
LSTA24 (Simpson or USP) strap with twelve 10d x 112" nails required at H5S with slopes greater than 3/12
Filler block: Attach with ten 10d (3") box nails, clinched. Use ten 16d (312") box nails from each side with TJI 560 joists.
H5
H5S
Strap nails: Leave 238" minimum end distance Variable slope joist hanger, see pages 22 and 23. Beveled web stiffener required each side.
H6
H6S
12 12
13 13 13
SB
For TJI joists with slopes of 10/12 to 12/12, the vertical depth at bearing will require Trus Joist rim board (for shear blocking) that is one size deeper than the TJI joist
2x8 or 34"
210 912" or 14" or 1178" 16" 2x6 + 38" 2x8 + 38" sheathing sheathing
34"
230 or 360 912" or 14" or 1178" 16" 2x6 + 12" 2x8 + 12" sheathing sheathing 1" net
1178"
or 78"
If necessary, increase filler and backer block height for face mount hangers and maintain 18" gap at top of joist; see Detail W. Filler and backer block dimensions should accommodate required nailing without splitting.
Depth
TJI
912"
1178"
14"
16"
110 210 230 110 210 230 360 560 110 210 230 360 560 210 230 360 560
Depth
TJI
Roof Joist Horizontal Clear Span 18' 20' 22' 24' Total Load Defl. Total Load Defl. Total Load Defl. Total Load Non- Live Non- Live Non- Live NonSnow Snow Load Snow Snow Load Snow Snow Load Snow Snow 115% 125% L/240 115% 125% L/240 115% 125% L/240 115% 125% 77 84 84 101 112 124 152 98 108 122 124 152 108 122 124 152 77 84 91 109 121 135 165 106 118 132 135 165 118 132 135 165 58 63 82 96 105 * * * * * * * * * * *
26' 28' Defl. Total Load Defl. Total Load Defl. Live Non- Live Non- Live Load Snow Snow Load Snow Snow Load L/240 115% 125% L/240 115% 125% L/240
912"
1178"
14"
16"
110 210 230 110 210 230 360 560 110 210 230 360 560 210 230 360 560
89 98 122 148 87 105 117 122 148 106 119 122 148
59 78 117 79 86 * * * * * *
82 114
82 122
61 91
97
97
73
79
79
59
75 93 114 77 85 93 114
67 88 * * 90 * *
86 105
94 114 79 94 114
70 104 72 * *
76 98
76 106
57 85
86 105
80 98
87 106
76 *
Slope Factors
Slope Factor 212 in 12 1.021 3 in 12 1.031 312 in 12 1.042 4 in 12 1.054 412 in 12 1.068 5 in 12 1.083 6 in 12 1.118 7 in 12 1.158 8 in 12 1.202 9 in 12 1.250 10 in 12 1.302 11 in 12 1.357 12 in 12 1.414
General Notes
Tables are based on: Uniform loads. No composite action provided by sheathing. More restrictive of simple or continuous span. Minimum roof surface slope of 14" in 12". TOTAL LOAD limits joist deflection to L/180.
Depth 912"
TJI 110 210 230 110 210 230 360 560 110 210 230 360 560 210 230 360 560
1178"
14"
16"
Nailing Capacity (lbs) Header Joist ITT9.5 935 10d 10d x 112" ITT2.1/9.5 1,030 10d 10d x 112" ITT359.5 1,075 10d 10d x 112" ITT11.88 950 10d 10d x 112" ITT2.1/11.88 1,045 10d 10d x 112" ITT3511.88 1,095 10d 10d x 112" ITT3511.88 1,140 10d 10d x 112" ITT411.88 1,300 10d 10d x 112" ITT14 950 10d 10d x 112" ITT2.1/14 1,045 10d 10d x 112" ITT3514 1,095 10d 10d x 112" ITT3514 1,140 10d 10d x 112" ITT414 1,300 10d 10d x 112" ITT2.1/16 1,045 10d 10d x 112" MIT3516 1,215 10d 10d x 112" MIT3516 1,260 10d 10d x 112" MIT416 1,460 10d 10d x 112" Hanger Double Joist Top Flange
Hanger IUS1.81/9.5 IUS2.06/9.5 IUS2.37/9.5 IUS1.81/11.88 IUS2.06/11.88 IUS2.37/11.88 IUS2.37/11.88 IUS3.56/11.88 IUS1.81/14 IUS2.06/14 IUS2.37/14 IUS2.37/14 IUS3.56/14 IUS2.06/16 IUS2.37/16 IUS2.37/16 IUS3.56/16
Nailing Capacity (lbs) Header Joist 935 10d N.A. 935 10d N.A. 935 10d N.A. 950 10d N.A. 1,045 10d N.A. 1,095 10d N.A. 1,140 10d N.A. 1,330 10d N.A. 950 10d N.A. 1,045 10d N.A. 1,095 10d N.A. 1,140 10d N.A. 1,330 10d N.A. 1,045 10d N.A. 1,095 10d N.A. 1,140 10d N.A. 1,330 10d N.A.
Hanger SUR/L1.81/9 SUR/L2.1/9 SURI/LI3510/12 SUR/L1.81/11 SUR/L2.1/11 SURI/LI3510/12 SURI/LI3510/12 SUR/L410 SUR/L1.81/11 SUR/L2.1/11 SURI/LI3514/20 SURI/LI3514/20 SUR/L414 SUR/L2.1/11 SURI/LI3514/20 SURI/LI3514/20 SUR/L414
Nailing Capacity (lbs) Header Joist 1,125 16d 10d x 112" 1,230 16d 10d x 112" 1,225 16d 10d x 112" 1,215 16d 10d x 112" 1,305 16d 10d x 112" 1,310 16d 10d x 112" 1,355 16d 10d x 112" 1,495 16d 10d x 112" 1,215 16d 10d x 112" 1,305 16d 10d x 112" 1,310 16d 10d x 112" 1,355 16d 10d x 112" 1,460 16d 10d x 112" 1,045 16d 10d x 112" 1,310 16d 10d x 112" 1,355 16d 10d x 112" 1,460 16d 10d x 112"
Depth 912"
TJI
Hanger
1178"
14"
16"
110 MIT49.5 210 MIT4.28/9.5 230 MIT359.5-2 110 MIT411.88 210 MIT4.28/11.88 230 MIT3511.88-2 360 MIT3511.88-2 560 WPI411.88-2 110 MIT414 210 MIT4.28/14 230 MIT3514-2 360 MIT3514-2 560 WPI414-2 210 LBV4.28/16 230 LBV3516-2 360 LBV3516-2 560 WPI416-2
Nailing Capacity (lbs) Header Joist 2,000 16d 10d x 112" 2,000 16d 10d x 112" 2,000 16d 10d x 112" 2,000 16d 10d x 112" 2,000 16d 10d x 112" 2,000 16d 10d x 112" 2,000 16d 10d x 112" 2,925 16d 10d x 112" 2,000 16d 10d x 112" 2,000 16d 10d x 112" 2,000 16d 10d x 112" 2,000 16d 10d x 112" 2,925 16d 10d x 112" 2,035 16d 10d x 112" 2,035 16d 10d x 112" 2,035 16d 10d x 112" 2,925 16d 10d x 112"
Hanger MIU49 MIU4.28/9 MIU4.75/9 MIU411 MIU4.28/11 MIU4.75/11 MIU4.75/11 HU412-2 MIU414 MIU4.28/14 MIU4.75/14 MIU4.75/14 HU414-2 MIU4.28/16 MIU4.75/16 MIU4.75/16 HU414-2
Nailing Capacity (lbs) Header Joist 1,860 16d 10d x 112" 1,860 16d 10d x 112" 1,860 16d 10d x 112" 2,130 16d 10d x 112" 2,130 16d 10d x 112" 2,130 16d 10d x 112" 2,130 16d 10d x 112" 2,145 16d 10d x 112" 2,170 16d 10d x 112" 2,350 16d 10d x 112" 10d x 112" 2,395 16d 2,395 16d 10d x 112" 2,680 16d 10d x 112" 2,350 16d 10d x 112" 2,435 16d 10d x 112" 2,525 16d 10d x 112" 2,680 16d 10d x 112"
TJI Hanger 110 210 230 360 560 VPA25 VPA2.1 VPA35 VPA35 VPA4
Nailing Capacity (lbs) Header Joist 1,050 10d 10d x 112" 1,230 10d 10d x 112" 1,230 10d 10d x 112" 1,230 10d 10d x 112" 1,230 10d 10d x 112"
Hanger information on these two pages was provided by either Simpson Strong-Tie or USP Structural Connectors. For additional information, please refer to their literature.
General Notes
Bold italic hangers require web stiffeners. Capacities will vary with different nailing criteria or other support conditions; contact your Trus Joist representative for assistance. Hanger capacities shown are either joist bearing capacity or hanger capacity whichever is less. Joist end reaction must be checked to ensure it does not exceed the capacity shown in the tables. All capacities are for downward loads at 100% duration of load. Fill all round, dimple, and positive angle nail holes. Use sloped seat hangers and beveled web stiffeners when TJI joist slope exceeds 14" per foot. Leave 116" clearance (18" maximum) between the end of the supported joist and the header or hanger.
Capacity (lbs) Nailing Sloped Sloped and Header Joist Only Skewed 1,110 995 10d 10d x 112" 1,110 995 10d 10d x 112" 1,110 995 10d 10d x 112" 1,110 995 10d 10d x 112" 1,725 1,625 16d 10d x 112"
Depth 912"
TJI 110 210 230 110 210 230 360 560 110 210 230 360 560 210 230 360 560
Hanger THO17950 THO20950 THO23950 THO17118 THO20118 THO23118 THO23118 THO35118 THO17140 THO20140 THO23140 THO23140 THO35140 THO20160 THO23160 THO23160 THO35160
1178"
14"
16"
Nailing Capacity (lbs) Header Joist 935 10d 10d x 112" 1,030 10d 10d x 112" 1,140 10d 10d x 112" 950 10d 10d x 112" 1,030 10d 10d x 112" 1,185 10d 10d x 112" 1,230 10d 10d x 112" 1,430 10d 10d x 112" 1,215 10d 10d x 112" 1,080 10d 10d x 112" 1,185 10d 10d x 112" 1,230 10d 10d x 112" 1,430 10d 10d x 112" 1,080 10d 10d x 112" 1,185 10d 10d x 112" 1,230 10d 10d x 112" 1,430 10d 10d x 112"
Hanger THF17925 THF20925 THF23925 THF17112 THF20112 THF23118 THF23118 THF17112-2 THF17140 THF20140 THF23140 THF23140 THF17140-2 THF20157 THF23160 THF23160 THF17157-2
Nailing Capacity (lbs) Header Joist 895 10d 10d x 112" 895 10d 10d x 112" 1,160 10d 10d x 112" 895 10d 10d x 112" 895 10d 10d x 112" 1,215 10d 10d x 112" 1,260 10d 10d x 112" 1,460 10d 10d 950 10d 10d x 112" 1,045 10d 10d x 112" 1,215 10d 10d x 112" 1,260 10d 10d x 112" 1,460 10d 10d 1,045 10d 10d x 112" 1,215 10d 10d x 112" 1,260 10d 10d x 112" 1,460 10d 10d
Hanger SKH1720L/R SKH2020L/R SKH2320L/R SKH1720L/R SKH2020L/R SKH2320L/R SKH2320L/R SKH410L/R1 SKH1720L/R SKH2020L/R SKH2324L/R SKH2324L/R SKH414L/R1 SKH2024L/R SKH2324L/R SKH2324L/R SKH414L/R1
Nailing Capacity (lbs) Header Joist 910 10d 10d x 112" 1,005 10d 10d x 112" 1,055 10d 10d x 112" 920 10d 10d x 112" 1,015 10d 10d x 112" 1,065 10d 10d x 112" 1,110 10d 10d x 112" 1,460 16d 16d 920 10d 10d x 112" 1,015 10d 10d x 112" 1,065 10d 10d x 112" 1,110 10d 10d x 112" 1,460 16d 16d 1,015 10d 10d x 112" 1,065 10d 10d x 112" 1,110 10d 10d x 112" 1,460 16d 16d
Depth 912"
TJI 110 210 230 110 210 230 360 560 110 210 230 360 560 210 230 360 560
Hanger THO35950 THO20950-2 THO23950-2 THO35118 THO20118-2 THO23118-2 THO23118-2 BPH71118 THO35140 THO20140-2 THO23140-2 THO23140-2 BPH7114 THO20160-2 THO23160-2 THO23160-2 BPH7116
11 8"
14"
16"
Nailing Capacity (lbs) Header Joist 2,010 10d 10d x 112" 2,330 16d 10d 2,490 16d 10d 2,050 10d 10d x 112" 2,610 16d 10d 2,675 16d 10d 2,765 16d 10d 3,185 16d 10d 2,100 10d 10d x 112" 2,330 16d 10d 2,675 16d 10d 2,765 16d 10d 3,185 16d 10d 2,330 16d 10d 2,675 16d 10d 2,765 16d 10d 3,185 16d 10d
Hanger THF17925-2 THF20925-2 THF23925-2 THF17112-2 THF20112-2 THF23118-2 THF23118-2 HD7120 THF17140-2 THF20140-2 THF23140-2 THF23140-2 HD7140 THF23160-2 THF23160-2 HD7160
Nailing Capacity (lbs) Header Joist 1,350 10d 10d 1,350 10d 10d 1,575 10d 10d 1,575 10d 10d 1,575 10d 10d 1,800 10d 10d 1,800 10d 10d 2,175 16d 10d 2,170 10d 10d 2,250 10d 10d 2,370 10d 10d 2,370 10d 10d 2,720 16d 10d 2,430 10d 10d 2,520 10d 10d 2,925 16d 10d
Nailing Capacity (lbs) Header Joist 1,150 10d 10d x 112" 1,945 10d 10d x 112" 1,785 10d 10d x 112" 1,945 10d 10d x 112" 1,785 10d 10d x 112" 1,945 10d 10d x 112" 1,970 10d 10d x 112" 1,945 10d 10d x 112"
Support Requirements Support material assumed to be Trus Joist structural composite lumber or sawn lumber (Douglas fir or southern pine species). Minimum support width for single- and double-joist top mount hangers is 3" (112" for ITT hangers). Minimum support width for face mount hangers with 10d and 16d nails is 134" and 2", respectively.
Footnotes: 1. Face mount hanger capacities may be increased up to 15% for snow roofs or 25% for non-snow roofs. Maximum increase for LSSU, LSSUI, and LSSH hangers is 15%. 2. VPA connectors are allowed on slopes of 3/12 through 12/12 only. 3. LSSU, LSSUI and LSSH hangers can be field adjusted for slopes and skews of up to 45 degrees. Additional lateral restraints are required for 16" deep TJI joists. 4. Miter cut is required at end of joist. 5. TMP connectors are allowed on slopes of 1/12 through 6/12 only, and TMPH connectors are allowed on slopes of 6/12 through 12/12 only.
Capacity (lbs) Nailing Sloped Sloped and Header Joist Only Skewed 1,120 1,120 10d 10d x 112" 1,120 1,120 10d 10d x 112" 1,120 1,120 10d 10d x 112" 1,120 1,120 10d 10d x 112" 1,595 1,595 16d 10d x 112"
TJ-Beam produces single-member sizing options in floor and roof applications for TJI joists, software Microllam LVL, TimberStrand LSL and Parallam PSL beams, headers, and columns. TJ-Xpert tracks vertical loads throughout the structure and develops sizing solutions, material lists, software framing plans, and installation details. TJ-YardMate produces inventory solutions and cut lists for each home package with the least amount of cutting software and waste.
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TJI Joists
Product Warranty
Trus Joist warrants that its products will be free from manufacturing errors or defects in workmanship and material. In addition, provided the product is correctly installed and used, the company warrants the adequacy of its design for the normal and expected life of the building.
1-800-628-3997
_______________________________________
Tom Denig, President
1-800-628-3997
www.trusjoist.com
March 2004 NW/40M If this guide is more than one year old, contact your dealer or Trus Joist rep. Reorder 2025
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