Paper 2 (4HB1/02)

Question Answer Mark

number
1(a) A
1

Question Answer Mark

number
1(b)(i) 45 000
1

Question Answer Mark

number
1(b)(ii) A description that makes reference to any two of the following
points:

 large (1)
 increase (1)
 more than doubled (1)
2

Question Answer Mark

number
1(c)(i) One mark for each of the following:

 abstain from/reduce sexual partners (1)

 use condom (1)
2

Question Answer Mark

number
1(c)(ii) Antibiotics/named antibiotic
1

Question Answer Mark

number
1(d) An explanations that makes reference to any two of the following
points:

 lack of barrier (1)

 allows fluids to mix (1)
 fluids contain bacteria/viruses/fungi (1)
2

Total for Question 1 = 9 marks

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Question Answer Additional guidance Mark
number
2(a)(i) Process: allow 2 marks for correct
(30 ÷ 100) × 1.7 million (1) final answer
= 510 000 (1)
2

Question Answer Mark

number
2(a)(ii) Any two possible suggestions from the following:

 different causes/named example/not all because

of osteoporosis (1)
 different diet in UK (1)
 effective preventative measures in UK (1)
2

Question Answer Mark

number
2(b) Any two linked explanations from the following:

 increase intake of calcium/phosphate (1) as this forms part of

compact bone (1)
 vitamin D supplement (1) helps uptake of calcium salts (1)
 increase exercise (1) prevents bones becoming weaker (1)
4

Question Answer Mark

number
2(c)(i) A description that makes reference to the following two points:

 bone structure/mass becomes less (1)

 bone strength reduced (1)
2

Question Answer Mark

number
2(c)(ii) A suggestion that makes reference to any two of the following
points:

 bones internal/cannot be seen (1)

 therefore only become aware when bone breaks (1)
 unlikely to be noticed/diagnosed until a fracture occurs (1)
2

Total for Question 2 = 12 marks

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Question Answer Mark
number
3(a) A response that makes reference to the following points:

 form of gene (1)

 characteristic (gene) that is expressed (1)
2

Question Answer Mark

number
3(b)(i) man Dd (1)

wife Dd/dd (1)

son dd and son’s wife Dd (1)

child 1 (boy) dd and child 2 (girl) Dd (1)

man wife

son son’s wife

child 1 child 2

2 marks for setting out as a family tree (minus 1 for each mistake)
6

Question Answer Additional guidance Mark

number
3(b)(ii) Process: allow 3 marks for correct
probability of boy = 1 : 1/1 in final answer
2/0.5/50% (1)
probability of polydactyly = 1 : 1/1 in
2/0.5/50% (1)
probability of boy with polydactyly is
0.5 × 0.5
= 1 : 3/1 in 4/0.25/25% (1)
3

Total for Question 3 = 11 marks

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Question Answer Mark
number
4(a) A description that makes reference to the following points:

 DNA double versus RNA single-stranded (1)

 DNA contains thymine while RNA contains uracil (1)
 DNA contains deoxyribose while RNA contains ribose (1)
3

Question Answer Mark

number
4(b) A drawing that includes:

 organic bases attached to correct position on ribose (1)

 phosphate attached at C3 and C5 (1)

Question Answer Additional guidance Mark

number
4(c)(i) Process: allow 3 marks for correct
 37% must be thymine (1) final answer
 100 – (2 × 37) = 26% must be
guanine (G)
and cytosine (C) (1)
 so guanine = 26 ÷ 2 = 13% of
nucleotides (1)
3

Question Answer Mark

number
4(c)(ii) An explanation that makes reference to the following points:

muscle cell
adenine 37%/same amount as cheek cell (1)
because genetically identical to cheek cell (1)

red blood cell

adenine 0% (1)
no nucleus (1)
DNA in nucleus/no DNA (1)
5

Question Answer Mark

number
4(d) D
1

Total for Question 4 = 15 marks

66 Pearson Edexcel International GCSE in Human Biology – Sample Assessment Materials

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Question Answer Mark
number
5(a) A graph showing:

 vertical axis scale half grid and linear (1)

 lines drawn connecting points (1)
 horizontal axis labelled hours and vertical axis labelled
grams (1)
 points plotted correctly (1)
 key for amylase Q/amylase P (1)
5

Question Answer Mark

number
5(b)(i) An explanation that makes reference to the following points:

 starch digested/broken down to glucose (1)

 therefore causes water to enter tubing (1)
 by osmosis (1)
3

Question Answer Mark

number
5(b)(ii) An explanation that makes reference to the following points:

 substrate/starch concentration reduced (1)

 less for enzymes to digest (1)
2

Question Answer Mark

number
5(b)(iii) An explanation that makes reference to the following points:

concentration
amylase will change the rate of reaction (1)

pH
enzyme activity changes with pH (1)
2

Question Answer Mark

number
5(c) To ensure that the mass is not affected by water
1

Question Answer Mark

number
5(d) Salivary glands (1)
Pancreas (1)
2

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Question Answer Mark
number
5(e) A description that makes reference to three of the following points:

 Benedict's test (1)

 heat sample (1)
 brick red/orange colour shows presence of glucose (1)
3

Total for Question 5 = 18 marks

68 Pearson Edexcel International GCSE in Human Biology – Sample Assessment Materials

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Question Answer Mark
number
6(a)(i) An answer that makes reference to any two of the following points:

 maintenance of (1)
 a constant internal environment (1)
 despite external changes (1)
2

Question Answer Mark

number
6(a)(ii) Liver
1

Question Answer Mark

number
6(b) A description that makes reference to any three of the following
points:

 in diet/food as protein (1)

 protein is digested (1)
 resulting amino acids are absorbed (1)
 non-essential amino acids produced by body (1)
3

Question Answer Mark

number
6(c)(i) An explanation that makes reference to the following points:

 more protein in diet A (1)

 therefore more urea in urine (1)
 14.3 g versus 2.1 g (1)
 excess amino acids converted to urea then excreted (1)
4

Question Answer Mark

number
6(c)(ii) Does not come from the breakdown of excess amino acids
1

Question Answer Mark

number
6(d) Body tissue/muscle increases
1

Total for Question 6 = 12 marks

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Question Answer Additional guidance Mark
number
7(a) Reponses in the following order:

pressure (1)
volume (1)
diaphragm (1)
down (1) reject along
inflating (1)
5

Question Answer Mark

number
7(b)(i) Arrow shows blood is flowing away from lung/alveolus
1

Question Answer Mark

number
7(b)(ii) Process:
 width of wall (measured with ruler) is 1 mm (1)
 scale 18 mm = 0.1 mm (1)
 actual width = 0.1 ÷ 18 (1)
 0.0055/0.006 mm (1)
4

Question Answer Mark

number
7(b)(iii) An explanation that makes reference to the following points:

 thin wall (1)

 therefore short diffusion pathway (1)
 oxygen/carbon dioxide will pass across in shorter time (1)
3

Total for Question 7 = 13 marks

TOTAL FOR PAPER = 90 MARKS

70 Pearson Edexcel International GCSE in Human Biology – Sample Assessment Materials

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