ST. PETER OF VERONA ACADEMY INC. DONALD C.

MARIANO
Hermosa , Bataan

STUDENT’S LEARNING MODULES

Teacher
PROPORTION
Name of Student
G6
MODULE
Topic Grade and Section
2020-2021 MATH 6 NOV. 30 – DEC. 4
School Year Subject Days Covered

OBJECTIVES:

 Defines and illustrates the meaning of ratio and proportion using concrete or pictorial models
 Set up proportions for groups of objects or numbers and for given situations

LESSON 4 “Percentage, Rate, And Base”

Math in Motion

Lita: “I bought this bag for P 1,000. Mom said I should have paid this for just P 880 without the VAT.”

Lito: “We always pay 12% value-added tax for the consumption of goods and services.”

Value-added tax (VAT) is an amount imposed on buyer as part of the selling price. When you buy an item, 12% of what
you actually pay goes to the government in the form of tax. So, by buying even simple items, you are in fact helping to
found the operations and projects of the government.

Buy how is the 12% value calculated? How do you know the actual value that goes to the government for the goods and
services you avail?

MATH TOOLS

The following are the prerequisite concept and skills you need for this lesson:

● Writing percent in decimal form

● Operations involving numbers and decimals

You have learned in the previous lesson about partitive proportion in which a whole is divided into several parts
following a certain ratio. In most cases, it is more practical to divide the whole into 100 equal parts. The ratio of number
to 100 is called percent.

The word percent comes from the Latin per centum which means “per hundred.” Percent is written using the symbol %.
As an example, 12% is read as “12 percent” and which means “12 out of 100.”

The figure below illustrates 12%.

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The succeeding figures illustrate 50% and 100%, respectively.

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Percent can be written in fraction and decimal forms. Study the following:

Percent Fraction Form Decimal Form

50% 50/100 or 1/2 0.5

100% 100/100 1

7% 7/100 0.07

45% 45/100 or 9/20 0.45

Percentage refers to the amount or value that is taken from a whole after it was divided into hundred parts. The whole
is also called the base. For example, you know that 50% of 30 is 15 since it means “half of 30.” Here, 30 is the base, 15 is
the percentage, and 50% is the rate of percentage ( or simply rate).

Finding the Percentage……..

In the situation in math in motion, the VAT of an item is 12% of its total selling price. In other words, you need to get
12% of P1,000. You can compute its value by simply dividing P 1,000 into 100 parts, then finding the equivalent of 12
parts.

100 parts = P 1,000

1 part = P 10

!2 parts = P10 X 12 = P 120

To illustrate this:

P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10

P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10

P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10

P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10

P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10

P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10

P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10

P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10

P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10

P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10 P 10

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Phoebe paid P 120 as 12% VAT for the bag she bought that cost P 1000.

A faster way to calculate the percentage is through multiplication. Simply multiply the base to the rate of percentage in
fraction or decimal form. Remember that the percentage is the product of the base and the rate of percentage.

12% of 1,000 = 12% X 1,000

=12/100 X 1,000

=0.12 X 1,000

=120

Study the following examples.

Example 1: What is 25% of 80?

Solution:

25% of 80 = 25/100 X 80

=0.25 X 80

=20

Example 2: What is 60% of 130?

Solution:

60% of 130 = 60/100 X 130

=0.6 X 130

=78

Example 3: This school year, 30% of the enrollees in Descrates Acadamy are girls.

If there are 1,420 enrollees in all, how many students are girls?

Solution: let “n” be the number of girls, this problem involves finding the 30% of 1,420.

N=30% X 1,420

=30/100 X 1,420

=0.3 X 1,420

=426

FINDING THE RATE:

When the rate of percentage is unknown, simply divide the percentage and the base. This is because percent is a special
ratio. In fact, the rate of percentage is a part-to-whole ratio. Thus, to find an unknown rate (or percent), just write this
percentage-to-base ratio (in fraction form) and then convert the ratio to percent form.

Example 4: What percent of 60 is 15?

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Solution: Let “N” be the rate.

N=15/60

=¼

=0.25

=25%

Twenty-five percent (25%) of 60 is 15.

Example 5: Gino’s has a collection of 420 books. Out of these, 147 are textbooks. What percent of gino’s collection is
textbooks?

Solution Let “N” be the rate.

N=147/420

=0.35

=35%

Thirty-five percent (35%) of gino’s collection is textbooks.

FINDING THE BASE……..

Division is the counterpart of multiplication. Because percentage is the product of the base and the rate, then the base is
the quotient of the percentage and the rate.

Example 6: Twenty-four is 30% of what number?

Solution: Let “N” be the base. Given are 24 as percentage and 30% (or 0.3) as rate of percentage.

N = 24/30%

=24/0.3

=24/0.3 X 10/10

=240/3

=80

Twenty-four (24) is 30% of 80.

Example 7: A badminton player won a total of 9 games or 75% of the total games he played. How many games did he
play in all?

Solution: Let “N” be the base. Given are 9 as percentage and 75% ( or 0.75) as rate of percentage.

N=9/75%

=9/0.75

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 =9/0.75 X 100/100

900/75

=12

The badminton player played 12 games in all.

Skill Builder

1.What is 25% of 40?

2.What percentage of 20 is 12?
3.The 35% of a number is 36.75. What is the number?
4.Twenty - one boys make up 52.5 of the students in class. What is the total number of students enrolled in this
class?
5. In a club election, 64% of the 150 members voted for a new president. How many members voted for the new
president?
NUMLOCK……

● Base, rate, and percentage are three related quantities.

● The base is the whole while percentage is the part taken from the whole.
● The rate of percentage, denoted by the symbol %, describes the ratio of the percentage and the rate.