[ETHICS] MODULE 1 - INTRODUCTION c.

Short-term vs Long-term: a choice between immediate

ETHICS benefits or long-term consequences.
● The term Ethics is derived from Greek word "ethos" which d. Justice vs Mercy: tension between fair consequences and
means "characteristics way of thinking". Ethics, as a science, compassion.
does not only evaluate the morality of our human conduct but ETHICAL DECISION-MAKING
also provides us with a common understanding of the 4 Key Drivers of Decision-Making
universal, objective, and irreversible moral principles that 1. Unconscious thoughts - Our minds are designed to process
should govern our human behavior and guide our moral huge amounts of information at extremely high speed. They do
decisions. (Roa, 2011) this by using HEURISTICS.
● Ethics are moral principles that guide the conduct of the 2. Unthinking Custom and Practice - Our family, societies,
individual. (Racelis, 2017) workplace, cultural backgrounds, and friendships all carry sets
● These are the rules of behavior based on ideas about what is of beliefs about what's right and wrong. We can absorb easily
morally good and bad. (Merriam-Webster Dictionary) - About these beliefs without ever stopping to ask ourselves: DO I
matters such as the good thing that we should pursue and the AGREE WITH THESE BELIEFS? ARE THEY VALID?
bad thing that we should avoid. 3. Personal Ethical Decision-Making Profile - People tend to have
● The right ways in which we could or should act and wrong "default settings" they use when making decisions.
ways of acting. - Maybe you tend to think about outcomes?
● It is about what is acceptable and unacceptable in human - Perhaps you prioritize relationships in your
behavior. decision-making?
● It may involve obligations that we are expected to fulfill, 4. Reflective Practice - This is the mode of conscious
prohibitions that we are required to respect, or ideals that we decision-making. It considers context and the people who will
were encouraged to meet. be affected by a decision.
Clarifications and terminologies - It is guided by our purpose, values, and principles, and
1. Aesthetics - refers to the judgement of personal approval or exercises our imagination to think about what solutions
disapproval that we make about what we see, hear, smell, or might be possible.
taste. - We like to think that this form of decision-making is our
2. Etiquette - the set of rules or customs that control accepted go-to.
behavior in particular social groups or social situations. . CONCLUSION
Technical - which are often used to refer to a proper way or ● In reality, we're probably driven far more heavily by the first 3
right way of doing things. drivers of decision-making.
ETHICS VS. MORALITY ● That's why ethics, the conscious practice of making and
● Ethics is the standards of "good and bad" distinguished by a justifying our decisions is so important.
certain community or social setting. ● It's too easy to be led astray if we don't take time to become
● Morality is something that's personal and normative. familiar with our minds, our personal history, and our
ETHICAL DILEMMA preferred ways of making decisions.
- a type of ethical issue that arises when the available choices
and obligations in a specific situation do not allow for an MODULE 2 - BUSINESS ETHICS
ethical outcome BUSINESS ETHICS
- occurs when individuals or groups are faced with a challenging - The system of morals, behaviors, and ethical beliefs that guides
situation that requires them to make a choice between the business in terms of values, practices, and decisions in the
conflicting moral principles or value. process of doing its business
Overview - is a form of applied ethics or professional ethics, that examines
An Ethical Dilemma presents a difficult decision where there Is no ethical principles and moral or ethical problems that can arise
clear right or wrong answer, and each option has potential ethical in a business environment. It applies to all aspects of business
consequences. Resolving an ethical dilemma involves careful conduct and is relevant to the conduct of individuals and
consideration of the potential outcomes, weighing the ethical entire organizations
principles at stake, and often necessitates making difficult - Studies appropriate business policies and practices regarding
trade-offs. potentially controversial subjects, including corporate
EXAMPLES: governance, insider trading, bribery, discrimination, corporate
a. Truth vs Loyalty: caught between absolute honesty and social responsibility, fiduciary responsibilities, and much more
allegiance. - Business ethics refers to implementing appropriate business
b. Individual vs Community: involves discrepancies between policies and practices with regard to arguably controversial
personal interests and collective benefits. subjects.
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ETHICAL PRACTICES IN THE PHILIPPINES don't help a business improve its performance. Bad news
● Minimum Wage Law should be communicated and received in the same manner as
● Environmental Regulations good news so that solutions can be developed.
● Corporate Social Responsibility 6. Respect for laws - Ethical leadership should include enforcing
Companies with Strong Ethical Standards all local, state, and federal laws. If there is a legal grey area,
● Value people and their efforts leaders should err on the side of legality rather than exploiting
● Acknowledge individual creativity and talents a gap.
● Considers employees as in doing business 7. Responsibility - Promote ownership within an organization,
Business Ethics allow employees to be responsible for their work, and be
● Morality accountable for yours.
● Behaviour 8. Transparency - Stakeholders are people with an interest in a
● Principle business, such as shareholders, employees, the community a
● Trust firm operates in, and the family members of the employees.
● Responsibility Without divulging trade secrets, companies should ensure
● Relationship information about their financials, price changes, hiring and
● Reliability firing practices, wages and salaries, and promotions are
● Choice available to those interested in the business's success.
Importance of Ethics in Business 9. Compassion - Employees, the community surrounding a
1. Prevents Malpractices business, business partners, and customers should all be
2. Improved Confidence treated with concern for their well-being.
3. Survival and Growth of Business 10. Fairness - Everyone should have the same opportunities and
4. Protection of Consumer's rights be treated the same. If a practice or behavior would make you
5. Develops good relationships with Society feel uncomfortable or place personal or corporate benefit in
6. Good Public Image front of equality, common courtesy, and respect, it is likely not
7. Protects employees and other Stakeholders fair.
8. Healthy Competition 11. Loyalty - Leadership should demonstrate confidentially and
9. Customer Satisfaction commitment to their employees and the company. Inspiring
10. Employee Engagement loyalty in employees and management ensures that they are
Reasons behind maintaining high ethical standards committed to best practices.
1. Improved employee and organizational morale 12. Environmental Concern − In a world where resources are
2. Increased ability to attract new customers limited, ecosystems have been damaged by past practices, and
3. Improved customer loyalty the climate is changing, it is of utmost importance to be aware
4. Reduced risk of negative exposure and public backlash caused of and concerned about the environmental impacts a business
by poor ethics has. All employees should be encouraged to discover and
5. Attraction of new stakeholders report solutions for practices that can add to damages already
6. Making a positive impact on the community done.
BUSINESS ETHICS PRINCIPLE Examples of Ethical Issues in Business
1. Leadership - The conscious effort to adopt, integrate, and ● Ethical Issues in Finance
emulate the other 11 principles to guide decisions and ➔ Insider trading
behavior in all aspects of professional and personal life. ➔ Bribery/kickbacks
2. Accountability - Holding yourself and others responsible for ➔ Misleading financial analysis
their actions. Commitment to following ethical practices and ➔ Fraud on securities
ensuring others follow ethics guidelines. ● Ethical Issues in Human Resource (HR) Management
3. Integrity - Incorporates other principles—honesty, ➔ Discrimination by age (the young ones are preferred over
trustworthiness, and reliability. Someone with integrity the older ones)
consistently does the right thing and strives to hold themselves ➔ Gender preference
to a higher standard. ➔ Sexual orientation
4. Respect for others - To foster ethical behavior and ➔ Race, ethnicity
environments in the workplace, respecting others is a critical ➔ Disability
component. Everyone deserves dignity, privacy, equality, ➔ Physical appearance
opportunity, compassion, and empathy. ● Ethical Issues in Sales and Marketing
5. Honesty - Truth in all matters is key to fostering an ethical ➔ Promotion of obsolete or harmful products/services
climate. Partial truths, omissions, and under or overstating ➔ Openness about environmental threats
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 ➔ Food ingredients (Genetically Modified Organisms) - Shareholders should be given fair return of their
➔ Possible health hazards or financial risks investments in the form of dividends and creditors should
➔ Protection for the privacy and autonomy of consumers receive payment of interest for amount loaned to the
➔ Truthfulness in advertising business when it falls due
➔ Honesty in price and delivery ● Suppliers - should practice fairness and honesty in dealing with
● Ethical Issues in Production suppliers. Suppliers should not be put at a disadvantage with
➔ Business ethics typically deals with company's duties to regards to price negotiations
ensure its goods and industrial procedures do not inflict - should uphold trust and confidence from their suppliers.
unnecessary harm. Many products and services can be They should pay on time and comply with the agreed
generated and used at zero risk and it can be difficult to terms and conditions of the trade
assess the ethical path. However, there are consumers ● Customers
who patronize products that damage them, for example, - Quality of products and services - When customers are
tobacco products. Output can have adverse effects on the ensured of safe and high-quality products and services,
environment like air pollution, destruction of habitats, and the company gains loyalty
urban sprawl. - Prices - it is essential for the entrepreneurs to charge
Ethical Responsibilities of a Business reasonable prices for goods and services to gain
- According to Edward Freeman’s (1984) Stakeholders theory, a permanent customers
business needs to give attention to the interrelationship - Advertising and Marketing – A business should avoid false
between the business and its clients, resource providers, advertisements and misled customers
workers, and community it belongs. - Supply of products and services - Customers should be
- This theory claims that, to keep the business successful, a provided with steady supply. There should be no artificial
company should consider the importance of all stakeholders shortage of supply just to take advantage of customers.
and their interests and not just its shareholders. ● General Public - The business survives because of the
Ethical Responsibilities of a Business to its Stakeholders customers it serves and the community where it is located
● Employees - should be given just compensation by their - Businesses are expected to partake in moral and social
employers (paid on time, OT) responsibilities of the society
- They should enjoy benefits such as sick leaves, vacation - They may send volunteers to community events,
leaves, health and medical insurances, retirement and participate in providing civic, training, and educational
pensions as mandated by the government facilities for the unemployed persons or join in
- Taxes withheld from employees’ salaries should also be environmental conservation projects.
remitted to the government by the company ● Environment - should comply with environmental rules to
- Employees should be ensured of a safe and comfortable operate a business.
workplace. Personal protective equipment (PPE), tools and - They need to abide by the laws imposed on carbon
equipment emissions on the air, disposal of product and chemical
- Every employee should be treated with respect and wastes, recovering and recycling of packaging wastes, and
fairness regardless of age, gender, religion, ethnicity, or statutory nuisance like noise, smoke, gasses, odor etc
disability and should be given a healthy working - They should use natural resources prudently and act
environment conscientiously to prevent or remedy damages to the
● Government - A business should cooperate and fulfill their environment
responsibilities with the government
- Should secure permits, licenses, and other requirements MODULE 3 - ETHICS IN THE WORKPLACE
to operate legally ETHICS IN THE WORKPLACE
- should carry out business operations conscientiously and - Ethics in the workplace is defined as the moral code that
avoid violations and malpractices in the workplace guides the behavior of employees with respect to what is right
- obligated to pay taxes and fees to the government and and wrong in regard to conduct and decision making.
should pay in time and declare income with honesty and - Ethical decision making in the workplace takes into account
correctness. the individual employee's best interest and also takes into
- should see to it that business operations and processes do account the best interest of those impacted.
not harm or pollute the environment. - Ethical behavior doesn't only apply to individual employees,
● Creditors and Shareholders - should give correct and updated the organization itself should exemplify standards of ethical
information of the company’s operation and financial status to conduct.
enable shareholders and creditors assess the possibility of
investments or grant of loans
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Importance of Ethics in Workplace - Be positive on different challenges.
- Promotes teamwork and cooperation - You also accept responsibility entrusted to you and admit your
- Healthy environment own mistakes if ever you commit one.
- Fosters a positive public image - Respect everyone in the workplace.
- Protects company assets 8. Cooperation - Know how to follow rules and regulations of the
- Provides emotional security workplace.
Benefits of Using Ethics in the Workplace - Know how to get along with others.
- Employee Satisfaction - Show appreciation of the privileges and never abuse them.
- Improved workplace culture 9. Commitment to Excellence - You do not only work just for
- Maintaining legal compliance compliance, but you work hard to produce the best output or best
- Improved public reputation quality.
- Customer engagement and loyalty 10. Professionalism - It is more than just how you look but it's a
- Streamlined decision-making processes way of speaking, behaving and even thinking that helps a person to
Advantages and Implications of Workplace Ethics be successful in the workplace.
1. It can stimulate positive employee behavior and create a - You must know how to follow all workplace rules.
positive ambiance in the workplace. - You also know how to admit if you made a mistake and learn
2. Ensures management guides and mentors their employees in a from it. Ask for help if you're not sure how to handle a
healthy environment. situation.
3. A workplace with good ethics usually strengthens the bond - Language is an important aspect of communication whether
employees have with their superior. you are talking with a co-worker in the privacy of your own
4. It boosts productivity through employee performance and job office or to a customer. Practice using language that is
satisfaction which in turn increases company growth. appropriate for the workplace in your everyday conversations
5. Bad workplace ethics can cause a strain in the relationship so that you get into the habit of sounding professional.
with company stakeholders. - Always dress appropriately.
6. When it leaks (which it most likely will) poor behavior can be Professional Appearance and Grooming for the Workplace
recorded and propelled into unsavory headlines online. This - Always be neat and clean including your teeth, fingernails,
can lead to reputational damage to the brand name. face, hair and even your shoes.
COMMON WORK ETHICS AS AN EMPLOYEE - Keep your pockets empty and as much as possible avoid
1. Honesty - Honest employee fosters good reputation to tinkling coins or keys and bulges.
organization. - Avoid eating candies, smoking cigarettes and chewing gum
- So be honest by telling the truth at all times and never attempt when you are inside the office.
stealing nor theft. - Use portfolio case or light briefcase when carrying important
2. Punctuality - Be on time or 10-15 minutes before the time. documents with you instead of compiling these documents in
- Don't abuse leave time. folders and carrying these between your armpits.
- Avoid absences without valid and important reasons. - As much as possible get rid of tattoos and body piercings for
3. Integrity and Loyalty - Never disclose nor reveal nor share these will just make you look untidy and unprofessional.
confidential matters. - Wear light perfume/cologne and minimize using lots of
- You must be trustworthy so that people will rely & trust you. jewelries.
4. Teamwork - Be a good team player with your colleagues in Ethical Personality Types in the Workplace
workplace - Not everyone's concept of ethics is the same. Some people
- Always help one another to achieve more adhere rigidly to the rules set out by management, while
5. Productivity - You've to accomplish more within the stipulated others have their own internal moral compass that guides
or specified time them.
- Never use your time for doing nonsense things like chatting, - According to author and ethics guru Mark Pastin, there are
gossiping, texting, etc. four primary ethical personality types in the workplace. The
6. Reliability - It is a quality of being able to be trusted or believed breakdown is intriguing as it pinpoints the ethical behavior, the
because of working or behaving well. reaction and the likely outcome of one's actions.
- Your employer trusts you that you can do your own work 1. THE CONFORMIST : "The Rule Follower"
without so much supervision. - This employee follows rules rather than questioning authority
- You can also be asked for help at times your employer and figures and tends to do things by the book.
your co-worker. - According to Pastin, "the Conformist might look the other way
7. Attitude - To be a better employee, you must listen to if higher-up staff member is acting unethical, since a manager
suggestions. is someone he is supposed to obey"
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- Pastin cautions that the Conformist is destined to run into 3. List Consequences for Unethical Behaviors - Consequences for
work-related ethical issues unless the organization has "a set unethical behaviors should also be placed alongside the rules at
of rigid rules and well-defined consequences for not following strategic places in the organization - That way, if anyone wants to
them." ignore the rules despite seeing them, the fear of getting punished
2. THE NAVIGATOR : "The Gut Check" will stop him or her from going ahead.
- When confronted with a situation in which people are 4. Swift Justice/DisciplinaryAction - Irrespective of who breaks the
behaving unethically, Navigators rely on their innate sense of rule, there should be swift disciplinary action by the organization.
ethics to guide their actions, even if these decisions aren't
easy. MODULE 4 - CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY
- Less about the hard and fast rules, the navigator relies on his CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY
own intuition to guide himself through unethical situations. - - Corporate responsibility (CR), also known as corporate social
The Navigator's moral sense imbues them with qualities of responsibility (CSR) or business sustainability, is about the
leadership, and others learn to respect and count on them. ethics which drive an organization's activities and how it
- The Navigator, follows the rules, but will compromise to operates so that it's viable over the long term.
resolve conflicts. - Management concept that describes how a company
- They succeed in most organizations and will leave a company contributes to the well-being of communities and society
that is unethical through environmental and social measures
3. THE NEGOTIATOR : "The Wait and See" CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
- Negotiators try to play the middle more than most. ● Corporate - Businesses/ Large Company
4. THE WIGGLER ● Social - People + environment
- The Wiggler doesn't give a lot of thought to what is right, ● Responsibility - Things you have to do
Instead of taking the route that's most advantageous for them. Who is CSR for?
- Wigglers are mostly motivated by self-interest: getting on a ● Businesses of all sizes can choose to introduce a
manager's good side, scoring a better deal for themselves, or comprehensive CSR program or selected initiatives and reap
avoiding conflict. the associated benefits. No matter the size or maturity of your
- Wigglers lie to advance their own agendas. business, an investment in ethical behavior and sustainable
Unethical Workplace Behaviors of an Employee practices can improve your brand value, build customer trust,
- Lies grow your company, and improve the bottom line.
- Taking credit for others hard work ● Employees
- Verbal Harassment/Abuse - One of the most important aspects in the CSR
- Violence programmes or initiatives involves the treatment of the
- Non-Office Related Work employees.
- Extended Breaks - Employees should be treated fairly and equally with
- Theft/Embezzlement dignity and rights (no discrimination and no biases)
- Sexual Harassment - The business organization should also provide a healthy
- Corrupt Practices and safe work environment for all the employees
Management/Employers Unethical Behaviors - Invest a fair amount of money, not only for the business,
- Sexual Harassment for Job/Promotion but also to provide healthy living conditions for the
- Late Night Out/Unpaid Overtime employees and to ensure that the employees are well
- Verbal Harassment trained in their respective fields
- Undue Pressure ● Society
- Nepotism - The business organization would have to ensure that they
- Unfriendly Work Environment act ethically and purchase responsibly
- Unrealistic Expectations - This means that the business organization should have
Ways on Solving Unethical Issues at the Workplace ethical dealing with suppliers and customers
1. Have rules - Organizations need to have predefined rules and - This is very important because it would affect the brand
regulations regarding workplace ethics. name of the business organization if there are any
- These rules and regulations should be given to new unethical dealings
employees together with their employment contracts. ● Environment
2. Accept Feedback/Complaint - Make it easy for employees to - This is where business organization integrates their CSR
send feedback or complaint in case of harassment, abuse, or any strategy that takes into account environmental impact to
other unethical activities going on in the workplace. work hand in hand with their business strategy to reduce
the environmental footprint
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 - Business organizations should not only be profit driven - Impact on Public Image
where they forget about the environment. - Can be used to manipulate public opinion
● Users (Customers, Consumers) - Some firms may not be genuine in their efforts
- Business organization are required to provide sustainable Arguments against CSR
solutions that are safe and clean for the environment. - CSR means wasteful spending
- Consciously, users/consumers/customers have already - Business is an Economic Institution
started to be aware about products that could harm the - CSR is the Government’s Responsibility
environment. Therefore, they are very selective in what - Managers are not trained to Invest in CSR
they are purchasing and how are the items purchased - CSR cannot be measured
would affect the environment and later themselves. - CSR is a costly affair
CSR vs. Community Service - Business Managers are not Magicians
- The idea for CSR is to take responsibility for the company’s BARRIERS TO CSR
effects on environmental and social well being by integrating ● MANAGERIAL PERCEPTIONS - If employees of the organization
social and environmental concerns in their business operations want to assume social responsibility, their superiors may not
and in their interaction with their stakeholders on a voluntary allow them to do so. In such situations, they may be forced to
basis. choose between personal growth (and through it,
- As opposed to CSR, Community Service is a voluntary job that organizational growth) and social growth.
is performed either by an voluntary job that is performed ● COMPARISON OF DIVISIONAL PERFORMANCE - A department
either by an individual or a group of people for the benefit of which discharges social responsibility may report lower profits
the community meeting their actual needs. than its counterparts. This may not be acceptable to top
Importance / Benefits of Corporate Social Responsibility managers unless the social programs are approved by them.
● Improved public image - Consumers assess your public image ● OVERALL ORGANIZATIONAL BARRIERS - Low profits on
when deciding whether to buy from you account of social responsibility may not be acceptable to
● Increased brand awareness, recognition and reputation - If owners (shareholders) or employees of the organization if they
you’re committed to ethical practices, this news will spread. lower dividends or wages.
More people will therefore hear about your brand, which ● COMPARISON OF DIVISIONAL PERFORMANCE - If a
creates an increased brand awareness. multinational corporation is buying supplies from the home
● Operational Cost saving - Many simple changes in favour of industry and domestic companies are selling their supplies at a
sustainability, such as using less packaging, will help to higher price (because of social costs) vis-a-vis other countries,
decrease your production costs. they may lose sales in the international market.
● An advantage over competitors - You establish yourself as a CORE ELEMENTS OF CSR
company committed to going one step further by considering ● Care for all Stakeholders - They should develop mechanism to
social and environmental factors. actively engage with all stakeholders, inform them of inherent
● Increased customer engagement - you should show your risks and mitigate them where they occur
efforts to local media outlets in the hope they’ll give it some ● Ethical Functioning - Their governance systems should be
coverage. Customers will follow this and engage with your underpinned by Ethics, Transparency and Accountability. They
brand and operations. should not engage in business practices that are abusive,
● Greater employee engagement - It’s proven that employees unfair, corrupt or anti-competitive.
enjoy working more for a company that has a good public ● Respect for Workers’ Rights and Welfare - Companies should
image than one that doesn’t provide a workplace environment that is safe, hygienic and
● More benefits to employees - Your workplace will be a more humane and which upholds the dignity of employees. They
positive and productive place to work, and by promoting should provide all employees with access to training and
things like volunteering, you encourage personal and development of necessary skills for career advancement, on an
professional growth. equal and non-discriminatory basis.
● Easier access to funding - Many investors are more willing to ● Respect for Human Rights - Companies should respect human
support a business that practices CSR. rights for all and avoid complicity with human rights abuses by
● Reduced Regulatory Burden - Strong relationships with them or by third party.
regulatory bodies can help to reduce a firm’s regulatory ● Respect for Environment - Companies should take measures
burden to check and prevent pollution and should manage natural
DISADVANTAGES OF CSR resources in a sustainable manner and ensure optimal use of
- CSR can be a burden on businesses / Rising Cost of Operations resources like land and water,
- Can lead to Greenwashing ● Activities for Social and Inclusive Development - Companies
- Increased Accountability should undertake activities for economic and social
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 development of communities and geographical areas, The Pyramid of Corporate Social Responsibility
particularly in the vicinity of their operations. - Professor of Management at the University of Georgia, Archie
The Triple Bottom Line: The 3 Ps Carroll, created a graphic definition of CSR in his 1991
Profit: Lower overall costs to customer publication, the Pyramid of Corporate Social Responsibility.
People: Fair to workers and supports community - Archie Carroll’s pyramid of corporate social responsibility (CSR)
Planet: Fewer emissions, materials and toxins is a model increasingly used to define business social
Types of Corporate Social Responsibility responsibility.
1. Environmental Responsibility - Carroll chose a pyramid as this design is simple, and illustrates
- Environmental responsibility initiatives aim at reducing the building-block nature of socially responsible business
pollution and greenhouse gas emissions, and the sustainable practices.
use of natural resources. Caroll’s CSR Pyramid
Examples: 1. Economic Responsibility
- Reducing pollution, waste, natural resource consumption, and 2. Legal Responsibility
emissions through its manufacturing process. 3. Ethical Responsibility
- Recycling goods and materials throughout its processes, 4. Philanthropic Responsibility
including promoting re-use practices with its customers.
- Offsetting negative impacts by replenishing natural resources CSR of Starbucks
or supporting causes that can help neutralize the company's - Starbucks is a well-known firm that practices corporate social
impact responsibility. As indicated by the company: “Starbucks’ social
- Distributing goods consciously by choosing methods that have corporate responsibility and sustainability is about being
the least impact on emissions and pollution. responsible and doing things that are good for the planet and
- Creating product lines that enhance these values. each other.”
2. Philanthropic Responsibility Starbucks’ CSR initiatives include:
- Philanthropic responsibility refers to a company's obligation to - Starbucks Youth Action Grants: Awarding grants to inspire and
give back to communities through charitable donations, support youth action.
volunteer work, and community involvement - Ethos Water Fund: Raising clean water awareness and
Examples: providing children with access to clean water.
- Funding educational programs - Ethical Sourcing: Commitment to buying and serving ethically
- Supporting health initiatives traded coffee.
- Donating to causes - Green Building: Using the U.S. Green Building Council’s LEED
- Supporting community beautification projects certification program to create energy and water-efficient
3. Economic Responsibility store designs.
- Economic responsibility refers to the practice of making
financial decisions based on a commitment to doing good. It
involve improving the firm’s business operation while
participating in sustainable practices
Examples:
- Using a new manufacturing process to minimize wastage
- Investing in alternative energy sources
4. Legal Responsibility
- The legal responsibility of companies is about complying with
the minimum rules that have been set. Organisations are
expected to operate and function within those rules. The basic
rules consist of laws and regulations that represent society’s
views of codified ethics.
Examples:
- Operating in a consistent way in accordance with government
requirements and the law
- Complying with different national and local regulations
- Behaving as loyal state and company citizens
- Meeting legal obligations
- Supplying goods and services that meet the minimum legal
requirements
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