ME 5801701 Laminar Flow

Final Exam (Take Home)

Due date: before midnight, Jan. 21, 2022 via sending email to sclynn@mail.ntust.edu.tw.
Name: ID No.:
Problem 1. 20%
Numerical results of the Blasius solution to the Prandtl boundary-layer equations are presented in
Table illustrated in my lecture PPT (p. 31 in week 10). Consider steady, incompressible flow of
standard air over a flat plate at freestream speed U = 5 rn/s.
(a) At x = 20 cm, please estimate the distance from the surface at which u = 0.95 U.
(b) Evaluate the slope of the streamline through this point.
(c) Obtain an algebraic expression for the local skin friction, 𝜏𝜏𝑤𝑤 (𝑥𝑥)
(d) Obtain an algebraic expression for the total skin friction drag force on the plate.
(e) Evaluate the momentum thickness at L = 1 m.

Problem 2 15%
Starting from the Blausis problem as described on page 29 (eq. 11 in week 10), introduce new variables to
η ~ f
eliminate the factor two as follows: η~ = and f = , show that the new problem then becomes
2 2
~ ''' ~ ~ '' ~ ~ ~
f + f f = 0 , f (0) = f ' (0) = 0 , and f ' (∞) = 1 .

Problem 3. 20%
It is also known that the Momentum integral approach can be used for a turbulent flow associated
with a flat plate. For a velocity profile in a turbulent boundary flow at zero-pressure gradient as
𝑢𝑢 𝑦𝑦 1
= 𝑓𝑓� �𝛿𝛿 � = 𝑓𝑓(𝜂𝜂) = (𝜂𝜂) �8 .
𝑈𝑈
Please derive the following parts:P
(a) wall shear stress τ w ,
δ
(b) boundary-layer thickness ( ),
x
(c) viscous coefficient,
1
1 u y  7
= (η )
1
(d) Compare with results of the -power profile =  7 in my handouts.
7 U  δ

Problem 4 15%.
Refer to my hadouts for “pipe flow”, an important measurement on fluid property viscosity can be
generated by using this solution.
(a) State how it is formulated and sketch briefly the measurement setup.
(b) What is the measurement setup in this test? What kind of instrument is needed?
(c) Based on your answer in (b), please also state the principle behind this instrument and the
precautious points in using this principle.

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 ME 5801701 Laminar Flow
Final Exam (Take Home)
Due date: before midnight, Jan. 21, 2022 via sending email to sclynn@mail.ntust.edu.tw.
Problem 5 20%
As illustrated in the right plot, a viscous liquid fills the annular gap between vertical concentric
cylinders. The inner cylinder is stationary, and the outer cylinder rotates at constant speed. Assume
the flow is laminar, please find out
(a) Make appropriate assumptions to simplify the
continuity and momentum equations,
(b) Use these equations to generate an ODE for solving
velocity distribution with proper BCs,
(c) Shear Stress distribution,
(d) Shear stress on the outer cylinder,
(e) The torque and power needed.

Problem 6. 15%
Please expand the energy equation for the unsteady Cylindrical flow.

Problem 7. 15%
Refer to my habouts for “General form for stream function”, it is instructive to have the generalized
equation for defining a streamline and stream function as:
𝜅𝜅 →= ∇𝜑𝜑1 × ∇𝜑𝜑2
𝑉𝑉
where κ = 𝜅𝜅 �→� is a propotional constant and → = → �→� is velocity.
𝑟𝑟 𝑉𝑉 𝑉𝑉 𝑟𝑟
(a) State how it is obtained,
(b) What are the κ for both compressible and incompressible flows?
(c) If we set 𝜑𝜑2 =θ for a compressible, axisymmetric flow expressed in cylindrical coordinates,
please derive the expression of velocity in terms of stream function.
.

Problem 8. 15%
Refer to the notes on the creeping flow, please solve the general solution of this ODE (see page 8)
𝑑𝑑 4𝑓𝑓 𝑑𝑑 3𝑓𝑓 𝑑𝑑 2𝑓𝑓 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
𝑟𝑟 4 4 + 𝐴𝐴𝑟𝑟 3 3 + 𝐵𝐵𝑟𝑟 2 2 + 𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟 + 𝐷𝐷𝑓𝑓 = 0
𝑑𝑑𝑟𝑟 𝑑𝑑𝑟𝑟 𝑑𝑑𝑟𝑟 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
It can be obtained by assuming 𝑓𝑓 = 𝑎𝑎𝑟𝑟 4 to substitute back to the above O.D.E.

Problem 9. 15%
Refer to my habouts for “stagnation point” and table 5.1, it is possible to decide the boundary-layer
thickness for axially symmemtrically stagnation flow.
(a) State what the equation of boundary-layer thickness for them.
(b) Please also comment on why boundary-layer thickness is not function of x in plan stagnation flow.
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 ME 5801701 Laminar Flow
Final Exam (Take Home)
Due date: before midnight, Jan. 21, 2022 via sending email to sclynn@mail.ntust.edu.tw.
Problem 10 20%
Self-similar solution is a generalization approach for solving several flow problems. As derived and
discussed in my handouts for Falkner-Skan solution (see equation 11, lecture at week 14)
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𝑓𝑓 ′′′ + 𝛼𝛼𝛼𝛼𝑓𝑓 ′′ + 𝛽𝛽�1 − 𝑓𝑓 ′ � = 0 (8.15) also listed in page 154 on text
By setting (α=1 and β=1) and change notation ( replace f by φ), we can have the ODE listed as
φ ''' + φφ '' − φ '' = 1 = 0 for Hiemenz flow (2-D stagnation flow). Incorporated with my hadout for
stagnation-flow problems and Table 5.1 (page 35-36 in lecture ppt of week 14), please
(a) write down the expressions for velocity and wall viscous stress, and
(b) use the data in Table 5.1 to evaluate the boundary thickness δ for obtaining a similar equation as
equation (5.40) in below:

Problem 11 30%
Answer the following questiion regarding the flow near a rotating disk:
(a) By using the change variables as defined in my lecture ppt (p. 93 of week 15), the z-direction
momentum equation is tranferred to P ' + HH ' − H '' = 0 . Please show the detailed procedure for
this transformation.
(b) Expand the energy equation for the flow near a rotating disk in details.