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MIL REVIEWER

MODULE 2

PRE-HISTORIC ERA

Petroglyphs – rock carvings – image that is carved into a rock. This


“carving” can produced a visible indentation in the rock, or it can simply
be the scratching away of a weathered surface to reveal unweathered
material of a different color below.

Cave Paintings – it reflect one of humans earliest forms of


communication, with possible connections to language development.
The earliest known images often appear abstract, and may have been
symbolic.

Dance – been part of human history since it’s earliest origins, bringing
spiritual rituals and creating bonds within the community. Dance itself
remains one of the most expressive physical art forms.

Stone Tools – Hammerstones are some of the earliest stone tools. They
used it to chip other stones into sharp-edged flakes and to break apart
nuts, seeds and bones and to grind clay into pigment.

Body Art
ANCIENT ERA

Paper, Writing – writing material of ancient times and also the plant
from which it was derived, Cyperus papyrus also called, paper plant.
- Collected for its stem, whose cut into thin strips, pressed together,
and dried to form a smooth thin writing surface.

Cuneiform Script, Hieroglyphs – system of writing used in the ancient


Middle East. Sumerian language are pictographic tablets from Uruk,
commodities indentified by drawings of the objects and accompanied
by numerals and personal names was able to express only the basic
ideas of concrete objects.

Hieroglyphs – character used or symbols may represent the objects that


they depict but usually stand for particular sounds or group of sounds.

Alphabet, Phoenician Greek – consists of 22 characters with vowel


sounds built into the symbols. They motified alphabet by changing
some of the symbols as well as creating separate vowel. They also made
their alphabet more phonetically correct.

Drama – earliest origins of drama are to be found in Athens where


ancient hymns, called dithyrambs. These hymns were later adapted for
choral processions in which participants would dress up in costumes
and masks.

INDUSTRIAL ERA

Film (motion picture) – first motion picture film is believe to be Louis Le


Prince’s Roundhay Garden Scene. This film was recorded in England in
1888.
- It is approximately 2 seconds long.

Telephone – Philipp Reis, 1861, constructed the first telephone.


Alexander Graham Bell was awarded the first U.S. patent for the
invention of the telephone in 1876.

Dry Plates (Richard Maddox) – pieces of glass plate that are coated with
a gelatin emulsion that when exposed to light will capture an image.

Telegraph –

Phonograph – called record player, instrument for reproducing sounds


by means of the vibration.
Printing Press – in 1436 Gutenberg, a German goldsmith, began
designing a machine capable of producing pages of text at an incredible
speed.

ELECTRONIC ERA

Television – John loggie Baird, a Scottish amateur scientist, successfully


transmitted the first TV picture, after years of work, in 1926, with his
mechanical system.

Computer – one of the earliest and most well-known devices was an


abacus.

Internet – a “network of networks” the internet emerged in the United


States in the 1970s but did not become visible to the general public
until the early 1990s. By 2020, approximately 4.5 billion people, or
more than half of the world’s population have access to the internet.

Mobile Phones – Motorola, on 3 April 1973 were first company to mass


produce the first handled mobile phone.
MODULE 3

LANGUAGES, CODES AND CONVENTIONS

Media Language is how media is conveyed to the audience. It is


achieved through the use of signs and symbols.

5 Types of Languages

1.) Visual Language – The use of imagery, how a scene is framed, and
how it is lit. What can be seen on screen has been chosen to generate
specific reactions or emotions from the audience.
- The magazine makes use of dark colors and bright red accents to
emphasize danger, alertness and warning.

2.) Aural Language – The sound of a scene or environment which


determines the mood and setting of what is being portrayed.
3.) Written Language – Printed words, phrases, or captions are chosen
specifically to generate reactions or emotions from the audience.

4.) Verbal Language – It is how the language is delivered and the


context in which it is being used. These are the key factors being
considered when generating a reaction or emotion from the audience.

5.) Non-Verbal Language – This refer to body language, actions,


gestures, and movements done by the characters. The audience will
infer the message based on the actions themselves.

MEDIA CODES – it is the signs and symbols used in media to


communicate ideas to the audience, producers, and stakeholders.

2 Categories
Technical
Symbolic

Technical Codes – it refers to how equipment is being used to


communicate information. These focus on how an object is used to
drive the message across. some example of these are camera angles,
mood lighting.
Symbolic Codes – it refers to aspects which do not make use of
equipment but are used to help communicate the message. They show
what cannot be seen directly. The examples of these codes would be
language, attire, and movement of character.

MEDIA CONVENTIONS – The rules or generally accepted ways of


constructing form and informing meaning in media. Conventions are
genre-specific and influence the codes being used.

SOURCES OF INFORMATION

Information Sources – These are areas where literary, musical, artistic,


or reference materials (such as books, manuscript, recordings, or films)
are kept for use but not for sale.

Information Sources – Traditionally, libraries make use of a physical


catalogue that contains all the resources available. With the help of
technology, most libraries now offer an online public access catalogue
(OPAC), which helps them search for specific resources efficiently.

Academic Libraries – It caters to universities and colleges.


School Libraries – It contains general resources that students from K-12
need. Additionally, it include books that are for leisure and
entertainment, such as novels, magazines, and newspaper.

Public Libraries – Open to the public for free to encourage the art and
habit of reading and learning.
- These are often from voluntary donations by
individuals/organization.

Special Libraries – Theses are often found in specialized environments


such as hospitals, churches, museums, private business, etc.

THREE (3) STYLE GUIDELINES OR CITATION

1.) Modern Language Association (MLA) – it is a guide used to write


papers and for citing sources in humanities, literature, and liberal arts.
- Tobias-Domagsang mentioned that critical reading is important in the
sense that, through the volumes of reading materials available in the
market, a reader is not supposed to believe everything and anything
that he reads (82).
- Tobias-Domagsang, Ann Gelene, Exploring Literature and Grammar:
Reading and Writing Skills. Quezon City: Brilliant Creations, 2016.
2.) American Psychological Association (APA) – it is a style that is
commonly used to cite various sources from natural and social sciences.
- While it is not a crime in this country, plagiarism is an unethical act
that is regarded as an almost unforgivable sin in the world of the
academe (Khan, 2015, p. 85).
- Khan, R. (2015). Media and information literacy handbook.
Mandaluyong City: Anvil Publishing, Inc.

MODULE 4

POWER OF MEDIA AND INFORMATION

ECONOMY

Increased Interactions – businesses rely on users interactions, it allows


them to become successful when they know how to communicate.
Increased Revenue – can be received globally.
Affordable Advertisement – now, even small businesses and
entrepreneurs could afford publicity with affordable advertisements.

EDUCATION
Access to Information – new media allows us to access to more
information and can easily verify it.
Increased Collaboration – it is necessary for sharing and developing
information.
Removed Geographic Barriers – students can now learn with the
comfort of their home, area or even country.

SOCIETY – people were able to communicate with other people even in


their proximity or not.

MODULE 5

CURRENT AND FUTURE TRENDS OF MEDIA AND INFORMATION

• Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC) – it is a distance-learning


program that can be taken through the Internet by large numbers of
people for additive learning (Revano, 2016).
- Accounting
- Banking
- Business and Management
• 3D Environments – technologies allow certain media that are
normally 1- or 2-dimentional to have properties of length, width, and
depth (Revano, 2016).
- Virtual Reality

• Wearable Technology – these are gadgets designed to be worn for


entertainment, fashion, education activities, etc. These technologies are
made for a better, easier way of living (Revano, 2016).
- smart watch
- activity tracker
- calculator watch

• Artificial Intelligence – these are machines that can reason, learn, and
act intelligently in order to solve complex real-world problems
(Technology Review)
- robotics
- chat bot
- facial recognition
- self driving cars

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