Frs Final 2

LA 150 Faith, Religion, and Society
Final Study Sheet
To prepare for the final exam please review the following topics and terms in regard to Religion
in Society:
1. Explain and discuss the Establishment and Free Exercise clauses of the First
Amendment of the United States Constitution.
“Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise
thereof”; first amendment gives everyone in the US the right to practice any religion they want
Not easy to do, takes awhile to work out
2. Explain Tertullian’s question - what does Jerusalem have to do with Athens? – and
discuss the various answers to it presented in the text: everything, nothing, something.
Jerusalem is short for all kinds of faith

Everything should be used clearly - this structure is so important it has an effort to dominate?
It is impossible to say there is ‘nothing’ in a value system. Something (most realistic response).
These are the ‘chairs at the table’ because this requires negotiation.
Some say that everything has to deal with faith (prohibition, ISIS, Taliban)
To say it has nothing to do with faith. (probably not even possible unless you try to withdraw and
say your value system has nothing, very hard to do)
To say it has something. (most realistic)
3. Discuss the difference between charity and justice. Provide several examples.
Charity = social service. Charity provides direct services like food, clothing, shelter.
Justice = social change. Justice promotes social change in institutions or political structures
4. Explain and discuss the four sources in which the principles of Catholic social teaching
are rooted.
Revelation- is a broad word. God is constantly self revealing in the world around us. Sometimes
we notice, sometimes we don’t, but for christians a special locus of God’s presence was found in
the covenant with the Jewish people and in its fulfillment in the life of Jesus.
Reason and Faith(worth value)- Catholic Intellectual Tradition; hat provides another source for
Catholic ethics. There is some difference here among christians. Churches with a bible alone
approach may be suspicious of the human mind and will, but Catholicism has always cherished a
strong intellectual tradition.
Tradition- The Protestant churches were formed in rejection of church tradition at the time, but
those same churches have gone on to accumulate rich traditions of their own which serve as
similar resources.
Experience- is the term Massaro gives to the last source, but his subtitle says it all – engaging in
social analysis. To discern the appropriate response to any situation thoroughly; to apply the
Gospel to the world. ( Experience, Social Analysis (research) , Gospel, Action, Repeat)
5. Explain and discuss the triangle of Justice.
Triangle of justice serves as an ethical evaluation. None of these three dimensions (common
good, distributive justice, and social justice) of justice predominate, because all of them are
inherent aspects to one another. If justice is to be achieved, the demands of all three aspects of
the triangle have to be fulfilled at the same time.
Common good is all of us
6. Discuss each of the nine themes of Catholic Social Teaching as presented in chapter 5 of
Living Justice; place the themes in relation to the Triangle of Justice; recognize the use of the
terms listed below in this discussion.
1. The Dignity of Every Person and Human Rights

a. The Catholic Church addresses the topic of human dignity to make firm
conclusions about what is permissible both in individual moral choices and ethical
practices; opposes threats to human dignity such as abortion, euthanasia, and
capital punishment
2. Solidarity, Common Good, and Participation
a. Rights should always be placed in the context of solidarity and concern for the
well-being of the common good; most basic sense of belonging to society
3. Family Life
a. Most intimate sphere in which people cooperate and the first place where children
learn about themselves, their individual identities, and their vocations within the
wider society; most basic unit of society
4. Subsidiarity and the Proper Role of Government
a. Refers to the way the various levels of society should relate to each other and
assist one another in bringing about the best outcomes for all people; some tasks
and goals should be accomplished on the local level, and others are more
appropriate for larger entities such as national governments
5. Property Ownership in Modern Society: Rights and Responsibilities
a. Catholic tradition makes us aware of the benefits of individual ownership, which
encourages the most efficient and most orderly of property arrangements, and also
gives incentive to be productive and care for the goods God has created
6. The Dignity of Work, Rights of Workers, and Support for Labor Unions
a. Advocates for better treatment of workers; minimum wage laws, safety and health
regulations, pension plans, social insurance, and the rights of workers to organize
into labor unions;
b. job, work (vocation-called to be who you are and what you have to give), life
7. Colonialism and Economic Development
a. Catholic social teaching concerns the legacy of colonialism and the challenge of
economic development in the poorest parts of the world; we have a moral
obligation to care deeply about world poverty and to do all we can to address it
8. Peace and Disarmament
a. Proper ordering of God’s creation includes prosperity, a fair distribution of
resources, security, and stability (shalom); a commitment to providing mutual
assistance
9. Option for the Poor and Vulnerable
a. Looks out for the well-being of the less fortunate; acts on the urgent needs of the
most vulnerable
Terms:
Common Good- Flourishing of all of us, the common good refers to either what is shared
and beneficial for all or most members of a given community, or alternatively, what is
achieved by citizenship, collective action, and active participation in the realm of politics
and public service.
1. Shared and beneficial reality of a community that affects a whole community
2. Something in which you live and breathe
3. Some agents are to live and die for (willing to put life on the line)
4. The way in which we all live and contribute to and receive from each other
Inter-individual justice
Distributive justice- fair allocation of resources among diverse members of a community
(equal distribution)
Social (Contributive) justice- based on the concepts of human rights and equality (ex:
race, gender, age, sexual orientation, etc)
Solidarity- unity or agreement of feeling or action, especially among individuals with a
common interest; mutual support within a group. People are interdependent; they rely
upon each other for almost all their biological and social needs. We cannot realize our
full potential or appreciate the full meaning of our dignity unless we share our lives with
others and cooperate on projects that hold the promise of mutual benefit.
Participation- the ordinary way that people participate in the economy is through their
labor. The way for people to participate in the political like of society is through
democratic activity that allows them to determine and influence the structures of
government. Common good will inspire concerned members of society to oppose such
injustices and encourage full participation for all, regardless of differences of race, gender
or creed.
Subsidiarity- something that is smaller than, things that can be done at the lowest
common level or intermediate level (or group). When no one wants to get the higher level
involved.
Vocation- a summons or strong inclination to a particular state or course of action
especially being a divine call to the religious life
Life, Work, Job - job = permits the human being to be apart of the common good; work =
vocation, feel called to be who you are and what you have to offer(give) Life= is you and
how you decided to handle your life. (how you want to build it)
Labor unions - an organized association of workers, often in a trade or profession, formed to
protect and further their rights and interests; The main purpose of labor unions is to give
workers the power to negotiate for more favorable working conditions and other benefits
through collective bargaining.
Globalization - the process in which a business or organization develop an international
influence or start operating on an international scale. Some effects of globalization
include: education, trade, technology, employment, culture, and organization structure.
Pacifism - the belief that any violence (including war) is unjustifiable under any
circumstances, and that all disputes should be settled by peaceful means; It promotes
nonviolence.
Conscientious Objection - an "individual who has claimed the right to refuse to perform
military service" on the grounds of freedom of thought, conscience, or religion.
Option for the poor and vulnerable- looks out for the well-being of the less fortunate; acts
on the urgent needs of the most vulnerable
7. Please keep in mind the creedal statements of Judaism and Islam.
Islam: I bear witness that there is no god but God, and Muhammad is the messenger of God.
Judaism: Hear, O Israel, the Lord our God, the Lord alone.

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LA 150 Faith, Religion, and Society

Final Study Sheet

Not easy to do, takes awhile to work out

Jerusalem is short for all kinds of faith

5. Explain and discuss the triangle of Justice.

1. The Dignity of Every Person and Human Rights

7. Please keep in mind the creedal statements of Judaism and Islam.

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