RAS MENTORSHIP PROGRAMME

TEST
ANSWER RAJ. HISTORY, ART & CULUTRE QUESTION
DAY-05 SERIES
DAY-64

Rajasthani Literature, Saints, Lok Devtas ( )

Q1. Throwing light on the personality of Pabuji and mention the main compositions based on
his life. [ 50 words ]
[ 50 ]
Ans.

1. 2. 3. 4.
5. 6. 7. 8.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Pabuji was born in Kolumund (Jodhpur), he is believed to be an incarnation of Lord Lakshmana. Pabuji is also
known as 'Plague protector god' and 'Cow protector god'.
Characteristics of Pabuji's personality :
1. Cow protector 2. Heroism 3. Camel protector 4. Plague protector
5. Untouchable protector 6. Sacrifice 7. Commitment 8. Refugee protector
Major compositions based on the life of Pabuji :
1. Pabu Prakash - Ashiya Modji
2. Pabuji Ra Duha - Laghraj
3. Pabuji Ra Chand - Bithu Meha Ji
4. Pabuji Ra Rupak - Motisar Bagtawar
5. Sorthe of Pabuji - Ramnath
Pabuji's Phad is the most popular Phad. Veer-gatha (heroic) songs or hymns related to Pabuji are called Pabuji
ke pavade, which are played with the instrument 'Bhat'.
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Q2. Comment on Mewati dialect. [50 words]

[ 50 ]

Ans.

Mewati : Due to the abundance of ‘Mev’ caste, the area of Alwar, Bharatpur has been called ‘Mewat’ area. The
dialect of this region has been called ‘Mewati’. Its area mainly in the areas of Haryana around the Rajasthan.
The influence of ‘Brajbhasha’ on this dialect can also be seen in the areas around Bharatpur. The literary
compositions of Charandas ji, Laldas ji, Sant Bolidas, Dungarsingh, Bhik, Shakke, etc. are in Mewati language
only.

Q3. Write a short note on Ramanandi sect. [50 words]

[ 50 ]

Ans.

1.

2.

In the Ramanandi sect, Lord Rama is worshiped like Krishna, considering him as a Rasik. Shringarik (Adornment)
worship is performed in the form of a couple of Sita and Ram. Sawai Jai Singh patronized this sect and, His
court scholar Rajkavi Krishna Bhatt compose the book named 'Ram Raso'.
This sect has two major centers in Rajasthan:-
1. Galta ji (Jaipur) :
This Peeth was established by Saint 'Krishnadas Payahari'. Krishna Das Payahari composed books like
Charitra, Brahmgita, Prematattva Nirupata etc, in Braj language. Maharaja Prithviraj of Amer and his wife
Balabai were followers of Saint Krishnadas Payahari.
Due to the abundance of monkeys in Galta ji, it is called as 'Monkey Valley'.
2. Raivasa (Sikar) :
This Peeth was established by Agardas ji, a disciple of Krishnadas Payahari.

Q4. Throw light on the important works of Rajasthani literature. [ 100 words ]
[100 ]
Ans

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1.
1191-92
2.

3.

4.

(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)

5.

6.
1544

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.
13.
14.

15.

16.
17.
18.

19.

20.

In Rajasthani literature, Abundant literary material has been created in the prose and poetry genres. On the
basis of which the tradition of Rajasthani literature is very strong and important.

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S. Literature Author Features
No.
The first epic of Hindi, language-Pingal, Origin of Rajputs
1. Prithviraj Raso Chandrabardai from Agni Kund, Description of the wars of Tarain (1191-
92 AD.)
Prosimetrum (Champu) style, Dingle language,
2. Vansh Bhaskar Suryamal Missan Information about history of India and Bundi, activities of
Marathas and poisoning story of Krishna Kumari
Description of the history of the states of Malwa,
Muhnot Nainsi / Abul-
3. Nainsi Ri Khyat Bundelkhand, Mewar, Amer, Bikaner, Kishangarh etc.
Fazl of Rajputana
along with the state of Marwar
History story of Rani Padmini with the valor of Gora-
Gora Badal Ri Badal. Other books of Hemratna Suri
4. Hemratna Suri
Chaupai (i) Shilavati Katha (ii) Lilavati Katha
(iii) Ramrasau (iv) Sita-Charit
Veli Krishan Prithvi Raj Rathore / Description of the social and religious life of the sixteenth
5.
Rukmini Ri Peethal / Horase of Dingle century.
Dingal Kavya, Mention of thirteen branches of Rathores
(beginning with Kush, son of Lord Rama). Mention of Giri
6. Suraj Prakash Karnidan
Sumel (1544 AD) War, War of Dharmat and influence of
Syed brothers in Mughal court.
Marwar Re Pargana Comparison with Ain-i-Akbari. Description-History and
7. Muhnot nainasi
Ri Vigat administrative description of six parganas of Jodhpur state
Rao Jaitsi Ro Dingle language, information about the rulers of Bikaner,
8. Bithu Souza
Chhand Bika, Lunkaran, Jaitsi.
Dingal Bhasha, the court scholar of Jodhpur's ruler
9. Raghunath Rupak Mancharam
Mansingh, who describes the story of Lord Ramchandra.
Ratan Raso/ Dingal Granth (Veer Ras) which is composed in both prose
Vachnika Rathod Charan Poet Jaggaji and poetry.
10.
Ratan Singh Ri Description of the bravery of Rathore Ratan Singh of
Mahesadasotri Ratlam in the battle of Dharamat.
Description of the history of Mewar, Genealogy of the
11. Rana Raso Dayaram rulers till Maharana Jai Singh, illustration of the wars
fought by the rulers of Mewar
Description of the history of Chauhans and development
12. Prithviraj Vijay Jayanak
of Ajmer
Hammir Description of Ranthambore victory of Alauddin Khilji.
13. Nayanchand Suri
Mahakavya
Prosimetrum (Champu) style which describes the war
Achaldas Khinchi ri
14. Shivdas Gadan between Achaldas, the ruler of Gagron, and Hoshangshah
vachnika
Ghori, the Sultan of Malwa.
Depicting the reign and life of Maharana Pratap and Amar
15. Amarsar Pt. Jeevdhar
Singh
Description of the genealogy of Mewar Maharana, court
16. Ekaling Mahatmaya Kanha Vyas
scholar of Kumbha
17. Amirnama Munshi Bhusawanlal Relating to the life of Nawab Amir Khan Pindari of Tonk
Karmachandra Information about the majesty and education of the rulers
Vanshot Jaisom of Bikaner.
18.
Kirtanakan
kavyam
Kanhaddev Description of the war between Jalore's Chauhan ruler
19. Poet Padmanabha
Management Kanhaddev and Alauddin Khilji
Information about the administration of Pratihara ruler
20. Kuvalaya Mala Jain acharya Udyotan Suri
Vatsaraj.
Apart from this, important works of Rajasthan - Kyamkhan Raso (poet Jaan), Khuman Raso (Dalpat Vijay),
Chhatrapati Raso (poet Kashi Chhangani), Padmavat (Malik Mohammad Jayasi), Pratap Raso (Jachak Jeevan),
Prabandha Chintamani (Acharya Merutung), Budhi Vilas (Shah Bakhtram), Mancharitra Raso (Poet Narottam),
Mundiyar Ri Khyat (Group of Mundiyar village), Rajprakas (Kishordas), Rajaratnakar (Sadashiv), Rajvallabh
(Mandan), Rajvinod (Sadashiv Bhatt), Veer Vinod (Shyamaldas) , Bisaldev Raso (Narapati Nalh), Samraicchakha
(Haribhadra Suri), Hammir Raso (Jodhraj), Hammirraso (Mahesh), Sagat Raso (Girdhar Asiya), Hammirayan
(Bhandau Vyas), Rajarupak (Ratan Charan), Hammir Hatha (Chandrashekhar).
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The above works are only a brief introduction to the rich Rajasthani literature, because the stock of Rajasthani
literature is very large.

Q5. "The folk culture of Rajasthan is filled with in religion, devotion, and spirituality." Explain.
[ 100 words ]
[100 ]
Ans.

The common folk of Rajasthan is very simple and the folk culture here (folk songs, folk literature, folk dances,
fairs and festivals etc.) are influenced by folk deities, saints, sects, religious beliefs and ideologies, which can be
understood on the basis of the following facts -
• Folk songs – chirja (hymns of folk goddesses), harjas (sagun devotional songs), languria (devotional songs
of Kailadevi), ratijagga ( worship songs of gods and goddesses at auspicious events)
• Folk dances – Terhtali (in the fair of Ramdevji by the women of Kamdiya sect), Agni Nritya (agriculture
activities performed on burning coals by the followers of Jasnath Sect), Gindad dance (Shekhawati), Dang
dance (Nathdwara) on the occasion of Holi.
• Folk theatre- Turrakalangi (Shiva Paksha, Parvati Paksha), Gavari (Story of Shiva Bhasmasur), Ramleela
(started by Tulsidas ji), Rasleela (started by Vallabhacharya ji)
• Painting - Depiction of Radhakrishna's rasleela and Suparshvanath with religious texts (Shivpurana,
Durgapurana, Nathcharitra) and religious books (Mahabharata).
• Folk literature - Saint literature (Krishna Bhatt-Ramraso, Ramcharan ji-Anbhaivani, Chopra-Saint mavji,
Dadudayalji's Grantha-Vani), Chaubis baniyas (Ramdevji) Meera's literature (Rukmani Mangal, Geet Govind
etc.)
• Festivals and Fairs- Babe Ri Beej-Ramdevjayanti (fair at Runicha-Ramdevra), Rishipanchami (worship of
seven sages), Khejdali fair (Bhadrapada Shukla Dashami), Meera Mahotsav (Sharad Purnima),
Chandrabhagamela (Jhalrapatan), Salasar Balaji Mela/Hanuman Jayanti (Chaitra Purnima), Goganavami
(Farmer ties 9 knotted rakhi to the plough).
• Folk art - Mandana (tradition of abundantly marking on the courtyard and walls of the house on auspicious
programs), Sanjhi (with cow dung for 15 days of Shraddha Paksha), Phad (life depiction of folk deities),
Pichhwai (Shri Krishna idol picture on the wall behind).

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Sociology ( )
Challenges Before Indian Society ( )

Q1. “Drug abuse is hollowing out the individual as well as the society.” Comment. [ 50 words ]

[ 50 ]
Ans.

B C

Drugs affect the physical and mental capacity of a person, as well as affect the behavior of a person, such as
suicide, excessive anger, despair, etc. Emotional crises occurs in the person’s relationships with family and
friends. A person may suffer from various physical problems like hepatitis B and C, tuberculosis, cancer etc.
Drug trade is a criminal activity and the source of finance for extremism, Naxalism etc., prevelant in the society
which weakens the national unity. A person habitual of consuming drugs is of criminal nature, due to which
incidents of exploitation of women and children,murder and theft etc. increase in the society. So it is clear that
the consumption of drugs is hollowing out the society as well as the person.

English
• Grammar-Determiner (Some, Any, Many, Much, Later, Latter)[Classroom Notes]
• Vocabulary-Synonyms(1-100)(Classroom Notes)
• Translation(based on Present Indefinite/Continuous/Perfect)
• Unseen passage

Section-A : Identify the error and rewrite the following sentences.

Q1. Will you spare any time for me ?
Ans. Will you spare some time for me ?

Q2. Is there some milk left ?

Ans. Is there any milk left ?

Q3. The flight would take off a little latter.

Ans. The flight would take off a little later.

Q4. Of the two options offered, I prefer the later.

Ans. Of the two options offered, I prefer the latter.

Q5. It didn’t rain many as predicted.

Ans. It didn’t rain much as predicted.

Section-B : Synonyms
Q6. His white coat was grubby/desolate and stained.
Ans. His white coat was grubby and stained.

Q7. There is a disparity/amnesty in resources available.

Ans. There is a disparity in resources available.

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Q8. He's remarkably abominable/sanguine about the problems involved.
Ans. He's remarkably sanguine about the problems involved.

Q9. Why are you so paucity/morose these days?

Ans. Why are you so morose these days?

Q10. She has a deep congregation/aversion to getting up in the morning.

Ans. She has a deep aversion to getting up in the morning.

Section-C : Translation
Q11.
Ans. You do not understand the importance of game and health.

Q12.
Ans. Do you not take exercise daily ?

Q13.
Ans. He looks happy.

Q14.
Ans. Have you met him earlier ?

Q15.
Ans. He has asked for money once again.

Section-D : Passage

Books are by far, the most lasting product of human effort. Temples crumble into ruins, pictures and
statues decay, but books survive. Time does not destroy the great thoughts contained in books which
are as fresh today as when they first passed through their author's mind. These thoughts speak to us
through the printed page. The only effect of time has been to throw out of currency the bad products
among books. Nothing in literature which is not good can live for long. Good books have always
helped man in various spheres of life. No wonder that the world keeps its books with care.

Q16. Why does the world keep its books with care ?
Ans. The world keeps its books with care because they always help us in various spheres of life.
Q17. What is the most lasting of the products of human effort ?
Ans. Books are the most lasting of the products of human effort.
Q18. To throw out of currency means-
Ans. Put out of use


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