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    1.5 Blood

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    Ala' Shehadeh
    Blood consists of cells floating in plasma, with the most abundant cell being red blood cells which carry oxygen, while white blood cells help protect the body from disease and platelets help the blood to clot at sites of injury. Red blood cells contain hemoglobin which transports oxygen from the lungs to tissues and back, and white blood cells defend the body through phagocytosis and producing antibodies. The different components of blood each have important functions in transporting substances, fighting infection, and clotting at wounds.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    1.5 Blood

    Uploaded by

    Ala' Shehadeh
    19 views19 pages
    Blood consists of cells floating in plasma, with the most abundant cell being red blood cells which carry oxygen, while white blood cells help protect the body from disease and platelets help the blood to clot at sites of injury. Red blood cells contain hemoglobin which transports oxygen from the lungs to tissues and back, and white blood cells defend the body through phagocytosis and producing antibodies. The different components of blood each have important functions in transporting substances, fighting infection, and clotting at wounds.

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    Blood consists of cells floating in plasma, with the most abundant cell being red blood cells which carry oxygen, while white blood cells help protect the body from disease and platelets help the blood to clot at sites of injury. Red blood cells contain hemoglobin which transports oxygen from the lungs to tissues and back, and white blood cells defend the body through phagocytosis and producing antibodies. The different components of blood each have important functions in transporting substances, fighting infection, and clotting at wounds.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    19 views19 pages

    1.5 Blood

    Uploaded by

    Ala' Shehadeh
    Blood consists of cells floating in plasma, with the most abundant cell being red blood cells which carry oxygen, while white blood cells help protect the body from disease and platelets help the blood to clot at sites of injury. Red blood cells contain hemoglobin which transports oxygen from the lungs to tissues and back, and white blood cells defend the body through phagocytosis and producing antibodies. The different components of blood each have important functions in transporting substances, fighting infection, and clotting at wounds.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 19

    Unit 1 Respiration

    By: Teacher Ala’ Shehadeh


    Teacher Razan Alsayegh
    What is respiration?

    Respiration is the release of energy from the breakdown of


    glucose.

    What is aerobic respiration?

    Aerobic respiration is a reaction that uses oxygen to release


    energy from glucose.
    Objectives 05 Learn about the
    structure of blood
    Find out how
    every living cell
    gets the energy it
    04
    needs to stay alive

    03 Learn how the muscles


    between your ribs and
    your diaphragm move
    Learn the names of the Find out how oxygen air into and out of the
    different parts of the gets into your blood lungs

    02
    human respiratory from the air, and
    system how carbon dioxide

    01
    goes in the other
    direction
    1.5 Blood
    Pgs. 25-30
    Blood
    Blood components

    • Blood consists of cells floating in plasma.


    • Most of the cells are red blood cells.
    • A much smaller number are white blood cells.
    • There are also fragments formed from special cells in the bone marrow, called platelets.
    Functions of blood
    components
    • Plasma carries all the
    substances
    transported by blood except
    oxygen.
    • Blood platelets help the
    blood to clot.
    • Red blood cells
    transport oxygen.
    • White blood cells protect
    against disease.
    Plasma

    ▪ Plasma is the liquid part of blood. It is mostly water.


    ▪ Your blood transports lots of substances and the plasma carries them all except oxygen.
    Platelets

    ▪ If you cut a blood vessel platelets gather around the damaged area to stop blood
    leaking out.
    ▪ At the same time proteins in the plasma form a tangle of fine strands.
    ▪ These trap red blood cells and seal the wound.
    Blood cells
    Red and white blood cells as seen
    under a light microscope.
    Red blood cells

    • Made in the bone marrow of some bones


    • Transport O2 from lungs to all respiring tissues.
    • Contain hemoglobin (Hb), a red iron-containing
    pigment which can carry O2. In the lungs, Hb
    combines with O2 to form oxyhemoglobin. In other
    organs, oxyhemoglobin splits up into Hb and O2.
    • Have no nucleus to fit more Hb inside the
    cytoplasm but can lives only for about 4
    months. Old red blood cells are broken down in the
    liver, spleen and bone marrow.
    • Have a special biconcave disc shape to increases
    the surface area and makes the diffusion of oxygen
    into & out of the capillaries easier.
    • They are a lot smaller than other cells to help them
    get through very tiny capillaries.
    How oxygen is transported around the body
    White blood cells

    • Made in the bone marrow and in


    the lymph nodes.
    • Have a nucleus, often large
    and lobed.
    • Can move around and squeeze out
    through the walls of blood capillaries
    into all parts of the body.
    • There are many kinds of white blood
    cells. They all have the function
    of fighting pathogens (disease-
    causing bacteria and viruses) and to
    clear up any dead body cells in your
    body.
    • White blood cells help to defend the body through
    phagocytosis:
    • phagocytes surround any pathogens in the blood and
    Phagocytosis engulf them
    • enzymes in the phagocyte break down the pathogen
    and destroy it
    • White blood cells help to defend the body by producing
    antibodies:
    • antibodies attach to the foreign body, eg a bacterium or virus
    Producing antibodies • the phagocyte is then able to recognise the bacterium or
    virus as being foreign, and not one of the body's cells
    • antibodies also cause pathogens to stick together, making it
    easier for phagocytes to engulf them
    Practice
    questions
    Example 1

    platelets
    white blood cell
    red blood cell
    plasma
    Example 2

    Red blood cells


    White blood cells
    Red blood cells
    White blood cells
    Plasma
    Plasma
    Platelet
    Red blood cell
    Example 3

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