Black Book Laxman

E-Learning Website | 2022-23
SESSION 2022-23
MAJOR PROJECT REPORT
ON
E-LEARNING WEBSITE
Submitted in fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of
Bachelor of Computer Application (BCA)
DEPARTMENT OF INFROMATION TECHNOLOGY

DR. C. V. Raman University, Khandwa
Prof. Pradnya Nehete AMIT YADAV

(CV205030024)
PROJECT GUIDE
SUBMITTED BY
DECLARATION
We project members:
AMIT YADAV – CV205030024

LAXMAN GUPTTA – CV205030146
KISHAN PANDEY – CV205030056
JISHAN KHAN – CV205030050
We hereby declare that this project work entitled “E-Learning Website” was
carried out by us Under the supervision of Prof. Pradnya Nehete, Department of IT
Dr. C.V. Raman University, Khandwa.
This project work is submitted to Department of Information Technology during
the academic year 2022-23
Place:
Date:
Name: Amit Yadav
Signature
Ⅰ
SESSION 2022-23
DEPARTMENT OF INFROMATION TECHNOLOGY
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that AMIT YADAV student of BCA 3rd Year, Ⅵth semester,
(Department of Information Technology) have completed the Project titled
"E-LEARNING WEBSITE" during the academic session 2022-23 under our
Guidance & Supervision.
We approve the project for submission as required for partial fulfilment for
Completion of Bachelor of Computer Application Degree in "Department of
Information Technology"
Prof. Pradnya Nehete Prof. Deepak Prajapati

PROJECT GUIDE HOD(IT)
Ⅱ
Table Of Contents
Contents Page No.

DECLARATION_______________________________________________________________Ⅰ
CERTIFICATE________________________________________________________________Ⅱ
Table Of Contents___________________________________________________________Ⅲ
List Of Figures______________________________________________________________Ⅳ
Chapter -1 Introduction_______________________________________________________1
Chapter - 2 System Analysis____________________________________________________2
2.1 Definition: -________________________________________________________________2
2.2 Description of Existing System: -_______________________________________________2
2.2.1 Drawback of Existing System: -_____________________________________________________3
2.3 Proposed System: -__________________________________________________________3

2.4 Feasibility Analysis: -________________________________________________________3
2.4.1 Technical Feasibility : -____________________________________________________________4
2.4.2 Economical Feasibility : -__________________________________________________________5
2.4.3 Operational Feasibility : -__________________________________________________________5
2.5 System Specifications : -______________________________________________________5

2.5.1 Hardware Description : -__________________________________________________________6
2.5.2 Software Description : -___________________________________________________________7
CHAPTER - 3 Overview Of The Language Used_____________________________________8

3.1 About Python: -____________________________________________________________8
3.2 About Django: -___________________________________________________________10
3.3 About HTML: -____________________________________________________________12
3.3.1 Structure of an HTML Document:__________________________________________________12
3.4 About CSS: -______________________________________________________________13

3.5 About SQL Lite: -___________________________________________________________14
3.6 About Operating System: -___________________________________________________16
Chapter - 4 System Modules__________________________________________________17
4.1 Courses Module : -_________________________________________________________17
4.2 Video Module : -___________________________________________________________17
4.3 Rating Module : -__________________________________________________________17
4.4 User Course Module : -_____________________________________________________17
4.5 Payment Module : -________________________________________________________18
4.6 Coupon Code Module : -____________________________________________________18
Ⅲ
Chapter - 5 System Design____________________________________________________19

5.1 Input Design : -____________________________________________________________19
5.2 Output Design : -__________________________________________________________20
5.3 Data Flow Diagram : -_______________________________________________________20
5.4 Database Design : -_________________________________________________________23
Chapter - 6 Coding__________________________________________________________24
6.1 Coding : -_________________________________________________________________24
6.2 Coding Validation and Optimization : -_________________________________________25
6.3 Sample Code : -____________________________________________________________27
Chapter - 7 Testing__________________________________________________________41
7.1 Test Plans : -______________________________________________________________41
7.1.1 Black Box Testing : -_____________________________________________________________41
7.1.2 White Box Testing : -_____________________________________________________________42
7.2 Unit Testing : -_____________________________________________________________42

7.3 Integration Testing : -_______________________________________________________43
7.4 User Acceptance Testing : -__________________________________________________44
Chapter - 8 Snapshots_______________________________________________________46
Chapter - 9 Future Enhancement_______________________________________________52
Chapter-10 Conclusion_______________________________________________________53
Chapter-11 Bibliography_____________________________________________________54
Ⅲ
List Of Figures
Figure 5. 1 - Level 0 DFD Diagram___________________________________________________________20

Ⅳ
Chapter -1 Introduction
E-learning, or electronic studying, is the use of digital media and virtual gadgets to
provide academic content and facilitate learning reports. This approach has gained
significant popularity and has become an integral part of present day instructional
structures worldwide. E-mastering structures usually include a Learning Management
System (LMS), Content Development Tools, Communication and Collaboration Tools,
and e-learning tools.
These tools enable educators to create interactive and attractive studying materials,
such as multimedia shows, motion pictures, quizzes, and simulations. They also provide
diverse equipment to facilitate communication and collaboration among teachers and
students, in addition to amongst students themselves.
E-learning has become increasingly popular in academic institutions and corporate
training programs due to its flexibility, accessibility, cost-effectiveness, personalized
learning, scalability, enhanced engagement, and continuous learning and skill
development. These benefits have contributed to the growing reputation of e-learning
systems in academic institutions and corporate training programs. Flexibility and
Accessibility:
E-learning allows rookies to access academic content whenever and everywhere, as long
as they have an internet connection. Cost-Effectiveness: E-learning eliminates the need
for physical classrooms, lowering infrastructure and tour prices. Personalized Learning:
E-learning systems can be tailored to meet the specific wishes and choices of character
novices.
Scalability: E-learning structures can accommodate a huge number of college students
simultaneously, increasing learner motivation and knowledge retention. Continuous
Learning and Skill Development: E-learning helps lifelong gaining knowledge by
providing access to a variety of courses and assets.
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Chapter - 2 System Analysis
2.1 Definition: -
System Analysis is a detailed study of the various operations performed by a systemand

their relationships within and outside of the system. Here the key question is- why all
problems exist in the present system? What must be done to solve the problem?
Analysis begins when a user or manager begins a study of the program using existing
system. During analysis, data collected on the various files, decision points and
transactions handled by the present system.
The commonly used tools in the system are Data Flow Diagram etc. Training, experience
and common sense are required for collection of relevant information needed to develop
the system.
The success of the system depends largely on how clearly the problem is defined,
thoroughly investigated, and properly carried out through the choice of solution. A good
analysis model should provide not only the mechanisms of problem understanding but
also the frame work of the solution.
Thus, it should be studied thoroughly by collecting data about the system. Then the
proposed system should be analysed thoroughly in accordance with the needs. System
analysis can be categorized into four parts
 System planning and initial investigation
 Applying analysis tools for structured analysis
 Feasibility study
 Cost/ Benefit analysis.
2.2 Description of Existing System: -
In Existing system lecture room studying is the conventional shape of schooling that
takes vicinity in bodily school rooms. It includes face-to-face interplay between college
students and teachers, with a dependent curriculum and academic methods.
This gadget is based on textbooks, lectures, discussions, and checks carried out in a
physical setting.
There are limitations in age and getting admission in this educational institutes for
learning.
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2.2.1 Drawback of Existing System: -
 Limited Flexibility and rigid schedules.

 Geographical constraints and limited access to quality education.
 One-size-fits-all approach that may not cater to individual learning needs.
 Limited personalized attention and support for students.
 Slow feedback loops and delayed assessment results.
 Resource limitations, including access to textbooks and facilities.
2.3 Proposed System: -
In this E-Learning Website we are going to introduce the online solution to traditional
teaching and learning which is begin followed from decades by many schools, colleges &
teachers in our education system
Our aim is to design and create various videos on various courses to make it easy
understand by anyone who is visiting our website anytime and anywhere . This enables
the students to easily access their learning without paying much in a school, institutes to
learn a new skill and with this it becomes easy and exciting to learn
Thus, this will be very easy for both the invigilators/ the teachers and the students to
learn their new skill set.
2.4 Feasibility Analysis: -
Feasibility analysis, in simple terms, is a technique of assessing the practicality and

viability of a proposed task or idea. It includes evaluating different factors to decide
whether a mission is worth pursuing or if it can be efficiently carried out.
Feasibility evaluation normally considers 3 key elements:
Technical Feasibility: This issue evaluates whether the proposed task may be applied
from a technical standpoint. It entails assessing the supply of essential generation,
information, and assets to perform the project. It considers elements along with
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compatibility with existing structures, infrastructure necessities, and the feasibility of

implementing the preferred functions or functionalities.
Economic Feasibility: Economic feasibility examines whether or not the proposed

assignment is financially possible and can generate sufficient returns on funding. It
involves estimating the charges associated with the challenge, including improvement,
preservation, operation, and ability risks. Additionally, it considers the capability
blessings and revenue streams that the project can generate. This analysis enables
determine if the assignment can generate a high quality return on investment and
whether or not it aligns with the organisation's financial goals.
Operational Feasibility: Operational feasibility focuses on assessing whether the

proposed challenge may be smoothly included into the present operational techniques
and approaches. It examines the impact of the challenge on daily operations, sources,
and personnel. It considers factors together with workforce schooling, ability disruption
to modern operations, and the extent of reputation and help from stakeholders. This
evaluation helps pick out any operational challenges and determines the project's
compatibility with present structures and workflows.
Feasibility analysis is important as it permits stakeholders to make knowledgeable

decisions regarding the implementation of a venture. By comparing technical, monetary,
and operational elements, organizations can discover ability limitations, risks, and
blessings related to the task. This evaluation helps in figuring out whether or not the
undertaking should continue, require modifications, or be abandoned altogether.
2.4.1 Technical Feasibility : -
Technical feasibility refers to the evaluation of whether a proposed undertaking or

solution may be implemented using the available generation and assets. It involves
comparing the technical requirements, abilities, and constraints associated with the
venture to decide if it's far technically conceivable.
Evaluation of Existing Technology: It entails reading the era infrastructure, gear, and
systems currently in place within the employer or to be had inside the marketplace. This
evaluation enables decide if the required era is already available or if additional
investments or improvements are important.
Resource Availability: Technical feasibility considers whether the essential sources,
consisting of hardware, software program, and professional employees, are to be had or
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can be received within the project's constraints. It examines whether or not the
employer has the technical expertise to increase, put in force, and hold the proposed
answer.
Compatibility and Integration: This thing assesses whether the proposed project is
compatible with current systems, software program, and statistics formats. It examines
if the answer can seamlessly integrate with the corporation's technology infrastructure
with out vast disruptions or conflicts.
Technical Requirements and Constraints: Technical feasibility examines the precise
requirements and constraints of the challenge, including overall performance
expectancies, scalability wishes, security concerns, and records garage requirements. It
guarantees that the proposed solution can meet those requirements successfully.
Risk Assessment: Technical feasibility also entails identifying and evaluating capability
technical dangers and challenges which can arise throughout the implementation of the
project. This consists of assessing factors along with complexity, reliability, availability
of technical aid, and any ability dependencies on external structures or components.
2.4.2 Economical Feasibility : -
Economic feasibility is an important parameter regarding the possibility of any

technology for practical applications. AOPs have gained increasing interests because of
the efficient removal of a wide range of environmental pollutants.
2.4.3 Operational Feasibility : -
Operational feasibility is the ability to utilize, support and perform the necessary tasks
of a system or program. It includes everyone who creates, operates or uses the system.
To be operationally feasible, the system must fulfill a need required by the business. The
system is operational feasible as the system can be operate by normal users with basic
computer skills without any additional trainings. We have developed this system with
the willingness and ability to create, manage and operate the system which is easy for
the end users to operate it.
2.5 System Specifications : -
This document describes the requirement of the system. It is meant for use by the
developers, and will also be the basis for validating the final delivered system.
Any changes made to the requirements in the future will have to go through a
formal change approval process.
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The developer is responsible for asking the clarification, where necessary, and will not
make any alterations without the permission of the client. The developer is responsible
for:
1. Developing the site.

2. Installing the eclipse software.
3. Conducting demonstrations about the usage
2.5.1 Hardware Description : -
 Minimum Requirements:
 Processor – Intel Pentium based system.
 Hard Disk – 2 GB
 Memory – 2 GB RAM
 Windows – 64 bits
 Recommended:
 Processor – Intel i3/ AMD Ryzen 3
 Hard Disk – 4 GB
 Memory – 4 GB RAM
 Windows – 64 bits
 Processor speed– 250 MHz to 833MHz
Processor: Intel i3/ AMD Ryzen 3
Processor speed: 250 MHz to 833MHz
Ram Speed: 4 GB
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2.5.2 Software Description : -
 Programming Language : Python/Django

 IDE : Visual Studio Code
 Database : SQLite
 Operating System : Windows 7/8/10/11
Front End:  HTML

 JAVA SCRIPT
 CSS
Technologies: Python/Django
Database: SQLite
Operating System: Windows 7/8/10/11
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CHAPTER - 3 Overview Of The Language Used
3.1 About Python: -
Python turned into created by way of Guido van Rossum and primary launched in 1991.
It become designed to emphasise code clarity and productivity, with a focal point on
simplicity and simplicity of use. Python's philosophy, often known as "The Zen of
Python," promotes a easy and concise coding fashion. The language affords a complete
general library and a extensive atmosphere of 1/3-birthday celebration programs,
making it a versatile tool for developers.
Key Features of Python:

A) Simple and Readable Syntax: Python's syntax is designed to be easy and readable, the
use of indentation and whitespace to shape code blocks. This makes Python code
tremendously legible and reduces the probabilities of mistakes.
B) Dynamically Typed: Python is dynamically typed, that means variable kinds are
determined at runtime. This flexibility permits for rapid prototyping and less difficult
code maintenance.
C) Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) Support: Python helps item-orientated
programming, permitting developers to create lessons, gadgets, and inherit and reuse
code via inheritance and polymorphism.
D) Large Standard Library: Python presents an in depth fashionable library, which
incorporates modules for various obligations along with document dealing with,
networking, statistics manipulation, and greater. This reduces the want for external
dependencies and simplifies improvement.
E) Cross-Platform Compatibility: Python is available on a couple of platforms, together
with Windows, macOS, and Linux, making it especially transportable and available.
Advantages of Python:
A) Ease of Learning and Readability: Python's simple syntax and smooth code shape
make it smooth to learn and examine, even for novices. This quickens the getting to
know curve and promotes collaboration amongst builders.
B) Rapid Development: Python's simplicity and vast libraries allow quicker development
cycles, permitting builders to put in writing code speedy and successfully. This is
specifically useful for prototyping, scripting, and iterative improvement.
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C) Versatility and Flexibility: Python's large variety of libraries and frameworks

empowers developers to address various tasks, from internet improvement and facts
evaluation to scientific computing and device gaining knowledge of. Its versatility makes
it a cross-to language for diverse programs.
D) Strong Community Support: Python has a colourful and supportive community of
builders who actively contribute to its boom. The community gives widespread
documentation, tutorials, and boards, making it easy to are seeking assist and
collaborate on projects.
E) Integration Capabilities: Python seamlessly integrates with other programming
languages, permitting builders to combine Python with modules written in C, C++, or
Java. This flexibility permits for superior performance and get right of entry to to
present libraries.
Applications of Python:
A) Web Development: Python's simplicity and effective web frameworks like Django and
Flask have made it a desired choice for constructing dynamic and scalable web
programs.
B) Data Analysis and Visualization: Python's libraries, consisting of NumPy, pandas, and
Matplotlib, provide strong gear for information manipulation, evaluation, and
visualization. It is widely used in information science and analytics projects.
C) Scientific Computing: Python, in conjunction with libraries like SciPy and SymPy,
gives a comprehensive suite of gear for clinical computing, simulations, and
mathematical modelling.
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3.2About Django: -
Django is a excessive-level internet framework written in Python that follows the Model-
View-Controller (MVC) architectural pattern. It gives developers with a powerful set of
tools and libraries for building sturdy, scalable, and stable web programs. Django
changed into to begin with advanced with the aid of Adrian Holovaty and Simon Willison
on the Lawrence Journal-World newspaper in 2003. It turned into released as an open-
supply framework in 2005 and has because grown right into a mature and broadly
followed web development framework. Django follows the precept of "Don't Repeat
Yourself" (DRY), selling code reusability and minimizing redundancy.
Key Features of Django:

A) Object-Relational Mapping (ORM): Django gives a effective ORM that abstracts the
database layer, permitting developers to interact with databases the use of Python code
instead of writing SQL queries directly. This simplifies information modeling, database
migrations, and guarantees database portability.
B) Admin Interface: Django includes a built-in administration interface that robotically
generates CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) operations for fashions described inside
the utility. This pre-constructed admin interface saves development time and affords an
intuitive way to control information.
C) URL Routing and View System: Django's URL routing mechanism maps URLs to
particular perspectives, which manage HTTP requests and generate responses. This
decoupling of URLs and perspectives allows for easy and maintainable code business
enterprise.
D) Template Engine: Django's template engine allows developers to construct dynamic
web pages the usage of a template language that blends HTML with Python code. It
affords effective functions including template inheritance, context variables, filters, and
tags, facilitating the advent of reusable and modular templates.
Advantages of Django:
A) Rapid Development: Django's cognizance on code reusability and its large collection
of pre-constructed components permit builders to construct net programs quickly and
efficiently. The framework's batteries-included technique gives critical functionality out
of the field, reducing the need for developers to reinvent the wheel.
B) Scalability and Performance: Django is designed to deal with high site visitors and
big-scale programs. Its scalability features, which includes database connection pooling,
caching, and assist for dispensed architectures, permit packages to address extended
loads without sacrificing performance.
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C) Versatility and Flexibility: Django may be used to construct a wide range of net
programs, from small-scale projects to agency-degree structures. Its modular layout and
sizeable ecosystem of 1/3-celebration packages provide flexibility and permit
developers to integrate extra capability seamlessly.
D) Community and Documentation: Django has a colourful and energetic community of
developers who contribute to its increase and provide support through boards,
documentation, and tutorials. This community-pushed technique guarantees that
developers have get right of entry to to assets and assistance when wanted.
E) Testing and Debugging: Django offers strong testing gear and debugging talents,
allowing builders to jot down test cases and debug code successfully. This promotes
code first-class and facilitates identify and connect problems early within the
development manner.
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3.3 About HTML: -
HTML tags are like keywords which defines that how web browser will format and
display the content. With the help of tags, a web browser can distinguish between an
HTML content and a simple content.
HTML tags contain three main parts: opening tag, content and closing tag. But some
HTML tags are unclosed tags. When a web browser reads an HTML document, browser
reads it from top to bottom and left to right. HTML tags are used to create HTML
documents and render their properties.
Each HTML tags have different properties. An HTML file must have some essential tags
so that web browser can differentiate between a simple text and HTML text. You can use
as many tags you want as per your code requirement.
All HTML tags must enclosed within < > these brackets. Every tag in HTML perform
different tasks. If you have used an open tag , then you must use a close tag (except some
tags) Syntax content
HTML Tag Example:

<p> Paragraph Tag </p>
<h2> Heading Tag </h2>
<b> Bold Tag </b>
<i> Italic Tag </i>
<u> Underline Tag</u
3.3.1 Structure of an HTML Document:
An HTML Document is mainly divided into two parts:

HEAD: This contains the information about the HTML document. For Example,
the Title of the page, version of HTML, Meta Data, etc.
BODY: This contains everything you want to display on the Web Page.
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3.4 About CSS: -
CSS, short for Cascading Style Sheets, is a language used for styling web pages. It is a
crucial component of web design as it allows developers to control the appearance and
layout of web pages, making them more visually appealing and easier to navigate. CSS
works by defining style rules for HTML elements.
These style rules specify the visual properties of an element, such as its font size, color,
background color, spacing, and layout. The rules can be applied to individual elements
or groups of elements, allowing for consistent styling across a web page or an entire
website. CSS is used in conjunction with HTML, which provides the structure and
content of a web page.
By separating the presentation of a web page from its content, CSS makes it easier to
maintain and update the design of a website without having to modify the underlying
HTML code. CSS has a number of key features that make it a powerful tool for web
design: Selectors: CSS selectors allow developers to target specific HTML elements and
apply styles to them.
Selectors can be based on the element type, class, ID, or other attributes. Cascading: The
"C" in CSS stands for "cascading," which means that multiple style rules can be applied to
a single element, with the most specific rule taking precedence. This allows developers
to create complex styles that override each other based on a hierarchy of importance.
Inheritance: CSS styles can be inherited from parent elements to child elements. This
means that a style applied to a parent element can be automatically applied to all of its
child elements, making it easier to create consistent styles across a website.
Responsive Design: CSS includes features such as media queries and flexible layout
options that allow developers to create websites that adapt to different screen sizes and
device types. This is crucial for creating websites that are accessible and user-friendly
on a variety of devices, from desktop computers to mobile phones and tablets.
Animations and Transitions: CSS includes powerful animation and transition features
that allow developers to create dynamic and engaging web experiences. These features
can be used to create interactive menus, hover effects, and other user interface elements
that make websites more engaging and memorable.
Overall, CSS is a crucial tool for web design that allows developers to create visually
appealing, user-friendly websites. Its powerful features, such as selectors, cascading,
inheritance, responsive design, and animations, make it a versatile language that can be
used to create a wide range of web experiences.
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3.5 About SQL Lite: -
SQLite is a lightweight, serverless, open-source, and self-contained relational database

management system (RDBMS). It is widely used as an embedded database within
applications and devices due to its simplicity, small footprint, efficiency, and cross-
platform compatibility. In this detailed overview, we will explore the key features,
advantages, limitations, and use cases of SQLite.
SQLite was developed by Richard Hipp in the early 2000s as a public domain project and
is now maintained by the SQLite Consortium. It is a zero-configuration database engine
that stores data in a single file, making it easy to deploy and manage. Unlike traditional
client-server databases, SQLite operates directly on the client-side, eliminating the need
for a separate database server.
Key Features of SQLite:

a) Lightweight and Serverless: SQLite is designed to be lightweight, with a small
memory and disk footprint. It does not require a separate database server, allowing
applications to operate directly on the database file. This simplicity makes SQLite an
ideal choice for embedded systems and applications with limited resources.
b) ACID Compliance: SQLite ensures the reliability and integrity of data through ACID
(Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability) compliance. It guarantees that
transactions are processed reliably, even in the event of power failures or system
crashes.
c) Cross-Platform Compatibility: SQLite is highly portable and works seamlessly across
various operating systems, including Windows, macOS, Linux, Android, and iOS. This
enables developers to build applications that can be deployed on multiple platforms.
d) Self-Contained: SQLite databases are self-contained and contained within a single file.
This simplifies the process of database management, backup, and sharing. Additionally,
SQLite databases can be easily copied or moved between different systems.
e) No Server Configuration: Unlike client-server databases, SQLite does not require
complex server configuration or administration. This reduces the overhead of database
setup and maintenance.
f) Wide Language Support: SQLite supports multiple programming languages, including
C/C++, Python, Java, Ruby, and more. Language bindings and libraries are available to
interact with SQLite databases using the language of choice.
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Advantages of SQLite:
a) Ease of Use: SQLite is straightforward to use and requires minimal configuration. Its
SQL-based interface makes it familiar to developers already experienced with relational
databases. Creating tables, querying data, and managing transactions can be done using
standard SQL statements.
b) Portability: SQLite databases are self-contained in a single file, making them highly
portable. The database file can be easily shared, copied, or moved between systems
without the need for complex setup or server installation.
c) Efficiency and Performance: SQLite is known for its efficiency and performance, as it
operates directly on the client-side without the overhead of network communication. It
executes SQL queries quickly and provides efficient data storage and retrieval
mechanisms.
d) Low Resource Requirements: SQLite has minimal resource requirements, making it
suitable for embedded systems and applications with limited memory or processing
capabilities. It is lightweight, with a small memory footprint, and performs well even on
low-powered devices.
e) Reliable and Stable: SQLite is well-tested and widely used in production
environments. It has a proven track record of stability and reliability, with a large user
base that continuously tests and improves its performance.
Limitations of SQLite:
a) Concurrency: SQLite has limitations in handling concurrent read and write
operations. While it supports multiple concurrent readers, write operations are
serialized. This makes SQLite less suitable for high-write scenarios or applications with
heavy concurrent write loads.
b) Scalability: While SQLite can handle small to medium-sized databases efficiently, it

may not scale well for applications with extremely large datasets or high transactional
loads. As a serverless database, it does not provide built-in mechanisms for horizontal
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3.6 About Operating System: -
An operating system (OS) is the program that, after being initially loaded into the
computer by a boot program, manages all the other application programs in a computer.
The application programs make use of the operating system by making requests for
services through a defined application program interface (API).
In addition, users can interact directly with the operating system through a user
interface, such as a command-line interface (CLI) or a graphical UI (GUI). An operating
system brings powerful benefits to computer software and software development.
Without an operating system, every application would need to include its own UI, as
well as the comprehensive code needed to handle all low-level functionality of the
underlying computer, such as disk storage, network interfaces and so on.
Considering the vast array of underlying hardware available, this would vastly bloat the
size of every application and make software development impractical. Instead, many
common tasks, such as sending a network packet or displaying text on a standard output
device, such as a display, can be offloaded to system software that serves as an
intermediary between the applications and the hardware.
The system software provides a consistent and repeatable way for applications to
interact with the hardware without the applications needing to know any details about
the hardware.
If each application accesses the same resources and services in the same way, that
system software -- the operating system -- can service almost any number of
applications.
This vastly reduces the amount of time and coding required to develop and debug an
application, while ensuring that users can control, configure, and manage the system
hardware through a common and well-understood interface.
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Chapter - 4 System Modules
4.1Courses Module : -
 The "Courses" model represents a course entity with fields such as name, slug,
description, price, discount, active status, thumbnail image, date, resources, and
length.
 It allows storing and managing course details, including their attributes, and
provides methods for easy representation and customization.
4.2Video Module : -
 The "Video" model represents a video entity with fields including title, course
(foreign key to "Courses" model), index number, video file (uploadable), and a
boolean field indicating if it's a preview.
 It allows managing videos within a course and provides a customized string
representation.
4.3Rating Module : -
 The "Rating" model represents a rating entity associated with courses. It

includes fields such as course (foreign key to "Courses" model), user (foreign key
to User model), ratings (an integer field with a default value of 0), comments (a
text field with a maximum length of 500 characters), and dateTime (a
DateTimeField that auto-updates on each modification).
 It allows users to rate courses, leave comments, and records the date and time of
the rating.
4.4User Course Module : -
 The "UserCourse" model represents a many-to-many relationship between users

and courses. It includes fields such as user (foreign key to the User model),
course (foreign key to the Courses model), and date (a DateTimeField that auto-
sets the creation date).
 The model allows tracking the association between users and courses and
provides a customized string representation showing the username, course
description, and name.
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4.5Payment Module : -
 The "Payment" model represents a payment entity for courses.

 It consists of fields such as order_id (a character field with a maximum length of
100 characters), payment_id (a character field with a maximum length of 100
characters), user_course (foreign key to UserCourse model, nullable), course
(foreign key to Courses model), user (foreign key to User model), date (a
DateTimeField that auto-sets the creation date), and status (a boolean field
indicating the payment status with a default value of False).
 The model allows tracking payments made by users for specific courses and
manages the payment status.
4.6Coupon Code Module : -
 The "Coupon Code" model represents a coupon code entity associated with
courses.
 It includes fields such as code (a character field with a maximum length of 20
characters), course (foreign key to Courses model with a related name
'coupons'), and discount (an integer field with a default value of 0).
 The model allows storing coupon codes for specific courses along with their
corresponding discounts.
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Chapter - 5 System Design
5.1 Input Design : -
The input is the set of values that is provided by the user to the system. The input design
must enable the user to provide the error free input to the system for efficient
processing. The input design is the process of converting the user-oriented inputs into
computer based formats.
The data fed into the system using simple interactive forms. The forms have been
supplied with messages so that user can enter data without facing any difficulty. The
data is validated wherever it requires in the project.
The input data have to be validated, edited, organized, and accepted by the system
before being proposed to produce the output.
The main objectives of input design are as follows:
 Produce effective method of input.
 Achieve high level accuracy.
 Ensure that the input is acceptable and understood by the user.
The different types of input data handled by the system are:

External Input: They are the primary inputs to the system. The external input is what
the user supplies to the system. The user can give different types of external inputs in
this project such as add new threads, post reply, etc
Internal Input: When the external inputs are obtained from the user, these inputs are
transferred to the system as messages. These messages are captured and handled as
input for further processing.
In this project the input design is done with JAVA codes. The external inputs are data
given to the system by the user such as username and password for authentication
process.
The external input also includes the request as per the users interest for displaying
today’s, yesterdays and last week’s threads/posts and its replies. The internal input
covers the fetching of data from the database and it will be the input for displaying the
results of the screen.
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The necessary internal inputs are given to the system by Graphical User Interface (GUI)
technology. The GUI system applied to this project enables the user to avoid error and
conclusion arises while entering the input.
5.2 Output Design : -
A quality output is one, which meets the requirements of the end user and presents the
information clearly. In any systems results of the processing are communicated to the
user and to the other systems through outputs design it is determined how the
information is to be displayed for immediate need.
It is the most important and direct source information to the user. Efficient and
intelligent output design improves the systems relationship with the user and helps in
decision making.
The objective of the output design is to convey the information of all the past activities,
current status and to emphasize important events. The output generally refers to the
results and information that is generated from the system. Outputs from computers are
required primarily to communicate the results of processing to the users.
The result for each query option that is submitted by the user, the system displays the
output. The output that is obtained for each query submitted should be tested before
conforming the result
5.3 Data Flow Diagram : -
Figure 5. 1 - Level 0 DFD Diagram

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5.4Database Design : -
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Chapter - 6 Coding
6.1 Coding : -
Coding, also known as programming, is the procedure of writing instructions or

commands in a programming language to create pc packages or software program
programs. It includes the use of a selected set of syntax and guidelines to provide step-
by means of-step commands that the laptop can apprehend and execute.
Here are some key points to recognize about coding:
Programming Languages: Coding is carried out the use of programming languages,

consisting of Python, Java, C++, JavaScript, Ruby, or Swift. Each programming language
has its syntax and policies, and developers pick the language based totally at the
necessities of the project.
Writing Instructions: In coding, builders write lines of code that specify the favored
conduct of a computer software. These commands can carry out quite a few
responsibilities, such as manipulating facts, acting calculations, making selections, and
interacting with customers or other structures.
Logic and Algorithms: Coding calls for logical thinking and hassle-solving abilties.
Developers wreck down complicated issues into smaller, attainable steps and design
algorithms, which are step-by using-step strategies or formulas, to clear up these
troubles efficaciously.
Integrated Development Environments (IDEs): IDEs are software gear that provide an
environment for coding. They normally encompass capabilities like code editors,
debuggers, syntax highlighting, and code of completion to help developers write code
extra effectively.
Debugging and Testing: Coding entails checking out and debugging code to become
aware of and fix mistakes or insects. Developers use debugging gear to track down
troubles, analyze code conduct, and make sure that the program features as meant.
Modularization and Reusability: Good coding practices promote modularization, which

involves breaking down code into smaller, reusable modules or capabilities. This
permits builders to jot down code as soon as and reuse it in distinctive parts of this
system, improving code performance and maintainability.
Collaboration: Coding often entails collaboration, particularly in larger software
program initiatives. Developers may also use model control structures, consisting of Git,
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to manage code modifications, music revisions, and allow a couple of builders to work at
the equal codebase simultaneously.
Documentation: Code documentation is vital for understanding how code works and
facilitating future adjustments or protection. Developers often file their code through
including comments, which are explanatory notes embedded inside the code, describing
its reason and functionality.
Iterative Process: Coding is an iterative procedure where developers write code, take a
look at it, discover problems, make modifications, and repeat until the desired capability
is performed. This technique may also contain refining algorithms, optimizing code
performance, or including new functions primarily based on remarks and requirements.
Continuous Learning: Coding is a non-stop learning process as programming languages,
frameworks, and equipment evolve over the years. Developers want to stay updated
with the trendy industry traits, nice practices, and technologies to enhance their coding
talents.
Coding is the essential manner of creating laptop programs that pressure cutting-edge
era. It empowers developers to transform thoughts into functional software program
solutions, enabling automation, information processing, verbal exchange, and a
extensive range of applications across various industries.
6.2 Coding Validation and Optimization : -
Coding Validation and Optimization are two critical processes in software improvement
that target making sure the satisfactory, performance, and effectiveness of code.
Coding Validation:
Coding Validation involves verifying the correctness and adherence of the code to
predefined standards, guidelines, and best practices. It goals to make sure that the code
features as meant and meets the specified necessities. Here are some key aspects of
coding validation:
Syntax and Semantics: The code is checked for syntactical mistakes, which includes
incorrect punctuation or misspellings, and semantic mistakes, which involve incorrect
usage or logic.
Compliance with Standards: The code is evaluated towards coding standards and hints
described by means of the programming language, industry excellent practices, or the
development team. This ensures consistency, maintainability, and clarity of the
codebase.
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Code Reviews: Code opinions involve having different builders or team members
investigate and analyze the code for ability troubles, insects, or areas of development. It
promotes know-how sharing, detects ability troubles, and facilitates hold code best.
Static Code Analysis: Automated tools and techniques are used to investigate the code
statically, with out executing it, to discover potential issues like code smells, security
vulnerabilities, performance bottlenecks, and adherence to coding standards.
Unit Testing: Unit tests are written to validate the conduct of individual devices or
additives of code. By executing those assessments, builders can affirm the anticipated
outputs and validate the functionality of code units.
Optimization:
Optimization includes improving the overall performance, performance, and scalability
of code. It makes a speciality of lowering resource consumption, enhancing execution
velocity, and optimizing algorithms and records structures. Here are a few key
components of code optimization:
Performance Profiling: Profiling gear are used to measure the execution time,
reminiscence usage, and resource usage of the code. This allows become aware of
performance bottlenecks and areas for optimization.
Algorithmic Optimization: The performance of algorithms and information structures is
analyzed and improved to reduce time complexity, minimize resource intake, and
beautify average gadget overall performance.
Code Refactoring: Refactoring involves restructuring and rewriting code with out
converting its outside behavior. It objectives to improve code clarity, maintainability, and
overall performance by putting off redundant or inefficient code, enhancing code
corporation, and applying design styles.
Resource Management: Optimization consists of efficient management of machine
sources, inclusive of reminiscence, document handles, community connections, and
database connections. Proper resource allocation, reuse, and deallocation are crucial for
optimized code.
Caching and Data Access Optimization: Techniques like caching frequently used records,
optimizing database queries, and minimizing I/O operations can significantly enhance
code performance.
Parallelization and Concurrency: In cases wherein the code can advantage from
concurrent execution, optimizing code for parallelism can enhance overall performance
by means of using a couple of processors or threads efficiently.
Both coding validation and optimization play crucial roles in ensuring that software
code is strong, green, and of high exceptional. By validating code for correctness,
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adherence to requirements, and nice practices, and optimizing code for overall
performance and efficiency, developers can create software that meets the necessities,
offers most beneficial overall performance, and offers an terrific person revel in.
6.3 Sample Code : -
Home view:
def home(request):
course = Courses.objects.filter(active=True)
context = {
'courses' : course
}
return render(request, "templates/home.html",context)
home\course model:
from django.db import models
from accounts.models import User
# Create your models here.
class Courses(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length = 50 , null = False)
slug = models.CharField(max_length = 50 , null = False, unique = True)
description = models.CharField(max_length = 150 , null = True)
price = models.IntegerField(null = False)
discount = models.IntegerField(null = False , default = 0)
active = models.BooleanField(default = False)
thumbnail = models.ImageField(upload_to = "files/thumbnail")
date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add = True)
resourses = models.FileField(upload_to = "files/resources", null = True, blank=True )
length = models.IntegerField(null = False)
def __str__(self):
return self.name
class Meta:
verbose_name='Courses'
verbose_name_plural='Course'
class CourseProperty(models.Model):
course = models.ForeignKey(Courses , null = False , on_delete = models.CASCADE)
name = models.CharField(max_length = 80, null = False)
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class Meta:
abstract = True
class Tag(CourseProperty):
pass
class Prereqisite(CourseProperty):
pass
class Learning(CourseProperty):
pass
home html:
{% extends 'base.html' %} {% load static %} {% load course_custom_tags %}{% block
content %}
<section class="home">
<div class="banner">
<img src="{% static 'image/banner.png' %}" alt="" />
</div>
<h1>Our Courses</h1>
<div>
</div>
<main>
{%for course in courses %}
<div class="card">
<div class="img-section">
<img src="{{ course.thumbnail.url }}" alt="" />
</div>
<div class="info">
<h5 class="card-title">{{course.name}}</h5>
<p class="card-text mb-3" style="height: 30px">
{{course.description}}
</p>
<p class="mt-4"> save %{{course.discount}}</p>
<p class="price">
<span style="text-decoration: line-through">₹{{course.price}}</span>
<span>₹{% cal_sellPrice course.price course.discount %}</span></p>
</p>
{% is_enrolled request course as enrolled %}
{% if enrolled %}
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<a href="/courses/{{course.slug}}" class="btn btn-light" style="width:

100%;">start</a>
{% elif request.user.is_authenticated %}
<a href="/checkout/{{course.slug}}" class="btn btn-light">enroll Now</a>
<a href="/courses/{{course.slug}}" class="btn btn-light">show more</a>
{% else %}
<a href="{% url 'login' %}" class="btn btn-light">enroll Now</a>
<a href="/courses/{{course.slug}}" class="btn btn-light">show more</a>
{% endif %}
</div>
</div>
</div>
{% endfor %}
</main>
</section>
{% endblock %}
Video and ratings model:
class Video(models.Model):
title = models.CharField(max_length = 250 , null = False)
course = models.ForeignKey(Courses , null = False , on_delete = models.CASCADE)
index_number = models.IntegerField(null = False)
video = models.FileField(upload_to = "files/videos", blank = True)
is_preview = models.BooleanField(default = False)
def __str__(self):
return self.title
class Rating(models.Model):
course = models.ForeignKey(Courses, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
user = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, null=True)
ratings = models.IntegerField(default= 0)
comments = models.TextField(max_length = 500, blank=True)
dateTime = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)
Video view :
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def coursePage(request, slug):

course_owner = 1
course = Courses.objects.get(slug = slug)
user = request.user
index_number = request.GET.get('lecture')
if index_number is None:
index_number = 1
video = Video.objects.get(index_number = index_number, course = course)
if (video.is_preview is False):
if (request.user.is_authenticated is False):
return redirect('login')
else:
try:
user_course = UserCourse.objects.get(user = user, course = course)
except:
course_owner = None
return redirect('checkout', slug= course.slug)
video_count = Video.objects.filter(course = course).count()

next_lecture = video.index_number + 1
previous_lecture = video.index_number - 1
if previous_lecture < 1 :
previous_lecture = None
if next_lecture > video_count:
next_lecture = None
form = RetingForm(request.POST or None)

if form.is_valid():
rating = request.POST.get('rating')
comment = form.cleaned_data['comments']
Rating.objects.create(ratings=rating, comments=comment, user=user,
course=course)
form = RetingForm() # create a new form instance
else:
pass
rating_list = []
ratings_all = []
course_review = Rating.objects.filter(course=course)
for rating in course_review:

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user_profile = UserProfile.objects.get(user=rating.user)
stars = '' * rating.ratings

all_reviews = {
'Rating': stars , 'User': user_profile.user.username , 'Profile_Picture':
user_profile.profile_picture, 'Comments':rating.comments}
ratings_all.append(all_reviews)
for rate in course_review:

every_rating = rate.ratings
rating_list.append(every_rating)
average_review = None
if course_review:
average_review = sum(rating_list) / len(rating_list)
user_has_reviewed = False
if request.user.is_authenticated:
user_review = Rating.objects.filter(user=user)
if user_review.exists():
user_has_reviewed = True
msg=request.GET.get('lecture')
context = {
'course' : course,
'video' : video,
'msg' : msg,
'next_lecture' : next_lecture,
'previous_lecture' : previous_lecture,
'course_owner' : course_owner,
'form': form,
'ratings_all':ratings_all,
'user_has_reviewed': user_has_reviewed,
'average_review' : average_review
}
return render(request, "course_page.html",context)
video html:
{% extends 'base.html' %}{% load static %} {% block content %}
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'css/video.css' %}" />

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<div class="cotainer-fluid" id="vid-all">

<div class="video">
{% if video.video %}
<video id="video"><source src="{{video.video.url}}" type="video/mp4" />
{% endif %}
</div>
<div class="video_list">
<ul class="list-group" >
{% for videos in course.video_set.all %}
<a href="?lecture={{videos.index_number}}">
<li class="list-group-item {%if videos == video%} active-video {% endif %}">
{{videos.index_number}}. {{videos}}
</li></a>
{% endfor %}
</div>
<div class="vid-info">
{% for videos in course.video_set.all %}
{%if videos == video%}
<p class="card-title">{{video.index_number}}. {{videos}}</p>
{% endif %}{% endfor %}
<span id="nextAndPre">
{% if previous_lecture != None %}
<a href="?lecture={{previous_lecture}}"><span><img src="{% static 'image/pre.png'
%}" alt="" /> Previous </a>&nbsp
{%else%}
<a href="#"><span><img src="{% static 'image/pre.png' %}" alt="" /> Previous
</a>&nbsp
{% endif %}
{% if next_lecture %}
<a href="?lecture={{next_lecture}}"> &nbsp&nbsp&nbsp Next &nbsp <img src="{%
static 'image/next.png' %}" alt="" /></a>
{%else%}
<a href="#"> &nbsp&nbsp&nbsp Next &nbsp <img src="{% static 'image/next.png'
%}" alt="" /></a>
{% endif %}
</span>
<p>{{course.description}}</p>
<section class="comments">
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{% if user_has_reviewed == True %}
{% else %}
{% if form and request.user.is_authenticated %}

<form id="form" action="" method="post">
{% csrf_token %}
<input type="text" class="textbox" name="comments" {% if form.comments.value

%}value="{{form.comments.value}}"{% endif %} placeholder="Enter your comments
here...">
<div class="rating">
<input type="radio" id="star5" name="rating" value="5" />
<label for="star5" title="5 stars"></label>
<label for="star1" title="1 star"></label>
</div>
<button type="submit" id="submit-btn" disabled>Submit</button>
</form>
{% endif %}
{% endif %}
<div class="reviews">
<h5>Reviews</h5>
<h4>{{average_review}}</h4>
<div class="star-rating" data-average-review="{{ average_review }}"></div>
{% for all_reviews in ratings_all %}
<div class="comment">
<div class="img">
<img src="{{all_reviews.Profile_Picture.url}}" alt="Profile picture" />
</div>
<div class="user-info">
<span id="uNmae">
{{all_reviews.User}}
</span><span id="rate">{{all_reviews.Rating}}</span><br>
<span id="comm" >{{all_reviews.Comments}}</span>
</div>
</div>
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{%endfor%}
</div>
</section>
</div>
</div>
<script src="https://cdn.fluidplayer.com/v3/current/fluidplayer.min.js"></script>
<script src="{% static 'js/course_page.js' %}"></script>
{% endblock %}
Video css:
.vid-page {
background: #b6b3b6;
}
#vid-all {
background-image: radial-gradient(
farthest-corner at center center,
#ce1a1a 0%,
#ffffff 100%
);
display: grid;
background: #ffffff;
grid-template-columns: 2fr 0.8fr;
padding: 20px;
}
#vid-all a {
text-decoration: none;
}
#vid-all .video {
width: 95%;
height: 420px;
}
#vid-all .video video {

width: 95%;
}
.vid-info {
margin-top: 10px;
z-index: 2;
}
.video_list {
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background: rgb(243, 243, 243);

border-radius: 10px;
max-height: 480px;
margin-left: -10px;
margin-top: 6px;
padding: 15px;
overflow: hidden;
}
.video_list ul {
height: 100%;
overflow-y: scroll;
}
.video_list ul::-webkit-scrollbar {
width: 7px;
}
.video_list ul::-webkit-scrollbar-track {
background: #ccc;
margin-left: 5px;
}
.video_list ul::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb {
background: #666;
}
.list-group a {
margin: 5px 10px 5px 0px;
border: 0px solid #ccc;
height: 50px;
}
.video_list ul li a {
text-transform: capitalize;
color: black;
background: #e9d3d3;
}
.active-video {
background-color: #37c9ed;
}
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/* ----------------- */
.rating {
border: none;
float: left;
}
.rating > input {

display: none;
}
.rating > label:before {

margin: 5px;
font-size: 1.25em;
font-family: FontAwesome;
display: inline-block;
content: "\f005";
}
.rating > label {

color: #000000;
float: right;
}
.rating > input:checked ~ label,

.rating:not(:checked) > label:hover,
.rating:not(:checked) > label:hover ~ label {
color: #ffd700;
}
.rating > input:checked + label:before,

.rating:not(:checked) > label:hover:before,
.rating:not(:checked) > label:hover ~ label:before {
content: "\f006";
}
.comment {
display: flex;
margin-top: 10px;
margin-bottom: 20px;
}
.comment .user-info,
.img {
margin-bottom: 10px;
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}
.comment img {
height: 50px;
width: 50px;
border-radius: 50%;
}
.comment .user-info {
margin-left: 10px;
width: 100%;
}
.comment #rate {
margin-right: 5px;
}
.comment #comm {
margin-top: 10px;
}
/* ----------------- */
/* ------------------------------- */
.textbox {
border: 1px solid #ccc;
padding: 10px;
font-size: 16px;
outline: none;
width: 65%;
box-sizing: border-box;
transition: border-color 0.2s ease-in-out;
float: left;
}
/* .textbox:focus {
comments {
background-color: #d3d8df;
padding: 10px 15px;
margin-top: 30px;
width: 95%;
}
#form {
/* background-color: #ccc; */
border: 1px solid rgb(123, 123, 123);
padding: 10px;
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margin: 10px;
}
#form input[type="text"] {
padding: 10px;
border-radius: 5px;
font-size: 16px;
background-color: #d3d8df;
color: white;
}
#form button[type="submit"] {
background-color: #4caf50;
color: white;
padding: 10px 20px;
border: none;
border-radius: 5px;
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 16px;
}
#form button[type="submit"]:hover {
background-color: #3e8e41;
}
Save video player javascript:
var myFP = fluidPlayer("video", {

layoutControls: {
controlBar: {
autoHideTimeout: 3,
animated: true,
autoHide: true,
},
htmlOnPauseBlock: {
html: true,
height: "450",
width: "200",
},
autoPlay: false,
mute: true,
allowTheatre: true,
playPauseAnimation: true,
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playbackRateEnabled: true,
allowDownload: true,
playButtonShowing: true,
fillToContainer: false,
posterImage: "",
primaryColor: "#31A9FF",
},
vastOptions: {
adList: [],
adCTAText: false,
adCTATextPosition: "",
},
});
Video reviews and ratings javascript:

const starRatingEls = document.querySelectorAll(".star-rating");
const maxStars = 5;
starRatingEls.forEach((starRatingEl) => {
const rating = parseFloat(starRatingEl.getAttribute("data-rating"));
const fullStars = Math.floor(rating);

const halfStars = Math.round((rating - fullStars) * 2);
const emptyStars = maxStars - fullStars - halfStars;
let starsHtml = "";

for (let i = 0; i < fullStars; i++) {
starsHtml += '<i class="fas fa-star"></i>';
}
for (let i = 0; i < halfStars; i++) {
starsHtml += '<i class="fas fa-star-half-alt"></i>';
}
for (let i = 0; i < emptyStars; i++) {
starsHtml += '<i class="far fa-star"></i>';
}
starRatingEl.innerHTML = starsHtml;
});
// Get the rating input elements

const ratingInputs = document.querySelectorAll('input[name="rating"]');
// Add event listener to each input element

ratingInputs.forEach((input) => {
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input.addEventListener("click", () => {
// Enable the submit button when a rating is selected
document.getElementById("submit-btn").disabled = false;
});
});
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Chapter - 7 Testing
7.1 Test Plans : -
Software Testing is the process of executing software in a controlled manner, in order to

answer the question -Does the software behave as specified ? Software testing is often
used in association with the terms verification and validation.
Validation is the checking or testing of items, includes software, for conformance and
consistency with an associated specification. Software testing is just one kind of
verification, which also uses techniques such as reviews, analysis, inspections, and
walkthroughs.
Validation is the process of checking that what has been specified is what the user
actually wanted. Validation: Are we doing the right job? Verification: Are we doing the
job right? Software testing should not be confused with debugging.
Debugging is the process of analysing and bugs when software does not behave as
expected. Although the identification of some bugs will be obvious from playing with the
software, a methodical approach to software testing is a much more thorough means for
identifying bugs.
Other activities which are often associated with software testing are static analysis and
dynamic analysis. Static analysis investigates the source code of software, looking for
problems and gathering metrics without actually executing the code.
Dynamic analysis looks at the behaviour of software while it is executing, to provide
information such as execution traces, timing profiles, and test coverage information.
7.1.1 Black Box Testing : -
Black box testing, also called behavioural testing, focuses on the functional requirements
of software.
This testing approach enables the software engineer to derive the input conditions that
will fully exercise all requirements for a program.
Black box testing attempts to find the errors like:
1. Incorrect or missing functions.
2. Interface errors.
3. Errors in data structures or external database access.
4. Behavior or performance errors.
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5. Initialization and termination errors.

In Black box testing software is exercised over a full range of inputs and outputs are
observed for correctness.
7.1.2 White Box Testing : -
White box testing is also called Glass box testing is a test case design control; structure
of the procedural design to derive test cases using White box testing method, the
software engineer can derive the test cases that guarantee that all independent paths
within the module have been exercised at least once.
Exercise all logic decisions on their true or false sides. Execute all loops at their
boundaries and within their operational bounds. Exercise internal data structure to
ensure their validity.
The first level of test is unit testing. The purpose of unit testing is to ensure that each
program is fully tested.
7.2 Unit Testing : -
Unit testing is a software testing technique that focuses on verifying the individual
components or units of a software system. It involves testing each isolated unit, such as
functions, methods, or classes, in isolation to ensure that they behave as expected.
The main goal of unit testing is to validate the correctness and reliability of individual
units of code. By testing units independently, developers can identify and fix defects
early in the development process, leading to more robust and maintainable code.
Here are some key points to understand about unit testing:

Scope and Isolation: Unit testing focuses on testing small, self-contained units of code.
These units are typically isolated from the rest of the system and tested in isolation to
minimize dependencies on other components. This isolation allows developers to
pinpoint and diagnose issues more effectively.
Test Frameworks and Tools: Unit testing is typically performed using specialized testing
frameworks or tools. These frameworks provide a set of assertions and utilities to define
test cases, execute tests, and evaluate the expected and actual results. Examples of
popular unit testing frameworks include JUnit for Java, NUnit for .NET, and pytest for
Python.
Test Cases: Unit tests are written as individual test cases, which are specific scenarios or
conditions that exercise a particular unit of code. Test cases typically include input
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values, expected outputs, and assertions to validate the correctness of the unit's
behavior. Developers write multiple test cases to cover various scenarios, including both
normal and exceptional situations.
Test-Driven Development (TDD): Unit testing is often used in conjunction with Test-
Driven Development (TDD) practices. In TDD, developers write tests before
implementing the corresponding code. The tests act as specifications, driving the
development process and ensuring that the code meets the desired behavior.
Automation and Continuous Integration: Unit tests are typically automated and
integrated into the development workflow. They are executed frequently, either
manually or as part of a continuous integration (CI) system, to catch regressions and
validate code changes. Automated unit tests enable developers to quickly detect and fix
issues, maintaining the overall quality of the software.
7.3 Integration Testing : -
Integrated trying out, also called integration trying out, is a software program checking
out approach that focuses on verifying the interactions and dependencies between
unique components or modules of a software program system. It involves checking out
the combination points among various devices to ensure that they paintings collectively
as expected.
The predominant purpose of included testing is to discover defects and troubles which
can stand up while one of a kind components are blended and interact with every
different. It goals to hit upon troubles associated with facts communique, interface
compatibility, capability, and general system behavior.
Here are a few key factors to understand approximately included testing:

Component Integration: Integrated testing happens after character devices have been
unit examined correctly. It includes combining these examined devices into larger
additives or modules to test their interactions.
Types of Integration Testing:
a) Top-Down Integration: This technique starts offevolved with checking out the
highest-level modules or components first, regularly integrating decrease-degree
components. Stub or mock objects can be used to simulate the behavior of untested
components at some point of the early stages of testing.
B) Bottom-Up Integration: This technique starts offevolved with trying out the decrease-
stage or foundational components first, gradually integrating higher-stage components.
Drivers may be used to simulate the behavior of untested components at some point of
the early levels of trying out.
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C) Sandwich/Hybrid Integration: This method combines factors of each pinnacle-down

and bottom-up integration. It entails integrating modules in layers, with a few higher-
stage and some lower-degree modules being tested concurrently.
Test Stubs and Drivers: During integration checking out, stubs and drivers can be used
to simulate the behavior of components that aren't yet to be had or have dependencies
on different modules. Stubs are placeholder components that provide predetermined
responses, at the same time as drivers are code modules that simulate the calling of a
aspect and provide input records.
Testing Scenarios: Integrated checking out makes a speciality of various situations
where more than one components interact. It assessments inputs, outputs, facts waft,
and the correctness of communique among components. It includes each normal and
extraordinary instances, making sure that the included system behaves as anticipated in
unique conditions.
System Interfaces: Integrated testing especially examines the interfaces between
extraordinary additives or modules. It assessments if records is effectively exceeded
between components, if characteristic calls are made with the best parameters, and if
the overall device conduct conforms to the required necessities.
Types of Integration Tests: Integrated testing can include numerous styles of tests,
which includes useful integration checks, interface tests, information glide tests, errors
dealing with assessments, and performance checks. The precise types of checks depend
on the character of the system and the requirements of the assignment.
7.4 User Acceptance Testing : -
User Acceptance Testing (UAT) is a software testing technique that makes a speciality of
evaluating the software device's usability and confirming whether it meets the needs
and expectancies of end-users. It includes checking out the gadget with real users in a
controlled environment to accumulate feedback, validate functionality, and make sure
person pride earlier than the device is deployed.
The foremost goal of User Acceptance Testing is to determine if the software program
gadget is prepared for manufacturing use and if it meets the consumer's necessities and
business objectives. It affords an opportunity for stop-users to participate actively in the
checking out method and offer precious insights to enhance the machine.
Here are some key points to apprehend approximately User Acceptance Testing:
Involvement of End-Users: User Acceptance Testing entails actual stop-users or

representatives from the target person group who are familiar with the business
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domain. These users are chargeable for validating the machine's capability, usability,
and alignment with their unique wishes.
Testing Environment: User Acceptance Testing is typically conducted in a managed
environment that carefully resembles the manufacturing surroundings. This guarantees
that the users can engage with the device in a realistic placing and gives an opportunity
to pick out any troubles that may stand up at some point of real-international utilization.
Test Scenarios: User Acceptance Testing specializes in real-world scenarios and
workflows that customers are probable to encounter when the use of the system. It
includes executing take a look at instances that cover numerous consumer interactions,
commercial enterprise strategies, and vital functionalities.
Acceptance Criteria: Acceptance standards define the situations that ought to be met for
the software machine to be taken into consideration suited and prepared for production.
These criteria are usually hooked up in collaboration between the undertaking
stakeholders and the users. User Acceptance Testing verifies whether the gadget meets
these predefined acceptance standards.
Feedback and Issue Reporting: During User Acceptance Testing, customers offer
comments at the device's usability, functionality, and any problems or discrepancies
they come across. They report their findings in a established way, documenting any
defects or development hints that they pick out.
Iterative Testing: User Acceptance Testing often entails more than one iterations,
allowing users to retest the machine after troubles were addressed. It guarantees that
the adjustments or fixes made in reaction to consumer feedback are verified and meet
the customers' expectations.
Sign-off and Approval: Once the User Acceptance Testing is completed, the users offer
their final signal-off or approval, indicating their pleasure with the gadget's usability,
capability, and average overall performance. This approval means that the device is
ready to be deployed into the production environment.
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Chapter - 8 Snapshots
HOME PAGE
On the home page, the projects are displayed using a dynamic for loop. Each project is
presented in a card format, featuring essential details such as the save percentage,
original price, and real price. The calculation of the real price is achieved by subtracting
the save percentage from the original price using a Custom Tag.
Below the card, two buttons are provided:
1.The "Enroll Now" button directs users to the payment page, where they can securely
purchase the desired course. This option allows users to access the full range of course
materials and resources.
2.The "Show More" button navigates users to the video page. If the course has been
purchased, all course videos are available for viewing. However, if the course hasn't been
purchased, only the free videos associated with that course are accessible.
These features and functionalities contribute to an enhanced user experience,
facilitating seamless exploration, enrollment, and engagement with the website's course
offerings.
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Video Page
Welcome to our video page, where you can access and explore our comprehensive
collection of lectures. Let's take a closer look at its features:
On the left side of the page, you'll find a sophisticated video player. This player offers
essential controls such as a play and pause button, a sound controller to adjust volume,
a download button for course owners, and a speed controller to adjust playback speed.
Additionally, you can expand the video to full screen for an immersive viewing
experience.
Below the video player, you'll discover important details associated with each video,
including its title, a concise description, and convenient navigation buttons to move to
the next or previous video. Furthermore, we provide an option for you to submit a
comprehensive review of the entire course, allowing you to share your valuable
feedback with us.
On the right side of the video page, you'll find a list of all available videos within the
course. The currently active video is distinguished by a blue highlight, while non-active
videos are displayed in white. Please note that access to all videos is granted exclusively
to course purchasers. However, even if you haven't purchased the course, you'll still be
able to view the selection of free videos associated with it.
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Payments:
On our payment website page, users will encounter a course card displaying
comprehensive course details. Positioned on the right side, users will find the course
name followed by the course price and a prominent payment button. Additionally, there
is an option to enter a coupon code for further discounts, allowing users to maximize
savings on their course purchase.
Upon clicking the payment button, users will be directed to a simulated Razorpay
payment view. Please note that this is a test environment, and real account details
cannot be entered at this stage. To facilitate testing, we provide fake credit or debit card
numbers obtained from the Razorpay website. Users can utilize these numbers to
simulate payment. After entering the fake card details, clicking on the "Pay" button will
lead users to another page where they can choose to either simulate a successful
payment or a failed payment. Selecting the "Succeed" option will complete the
transaction, indicating that the user has successfully purchased the course.
To utilize the actual Razorpay payment gateway, users are required to create a genuine
Razorpay account. Once the account is set up, users can enjoy real payment processing
without the need for fictitious details or the option to simulate payment success or
failure.
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Welcome to our login page, where you will find a seamless and secure entry into your
account. Let's explore the options available:
Email Entry: Enter your email address in the designated field to provide your unique
identifier.
Password Entry: Input your password in the corresponding field. In case of an incorrect
password or non-existent email, an error message will appear as a pop-up. Once the
error message is closed, you can attempt to login again.
Forgot Password: If you forget your password, click on the "Forgot Password" option.
This will lead you to a similar page where you can enter your email address. A password
reset email will be sent to your registered email. By clicking on the link provided in the
email, you will be directed to a page where you can create a new password.
Subsequently, you will be redirected back to the login page.
Login Button: The "Login" button serves as a submit button. Once you have entered your
login details, you can proceed by submitting the information using this button.
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Sign-in page:
Sign-up: If you haven't created an account yet, you can click on the "Sign-up" option. This
will redirect you to the signup page, where you can easily create your account by
following the necessary steps.
Welcome to our sign-in page, where you can easily create an account to access our
platform. Here's how the process works:
Account Creation: To register, simply provide your first name, last name, email address,
password, and confirm your password. Please note that we consider the portion of your
email before the '@' symbol as your username.
Error Handling: If you enter non-matching passwords or an incorrectly formatted email

address, an error pop-up message will appear. Once you close the pop-up, you can
rectify the errors in the respective fields.
Form Submission: After completing the form with accurate information, you can submit
your registration by clicking on the "Sign-up" button.
Existing Account: If you already have an account, you can directly navigate to the login
page by clicking on the "Login" button located at the end of the sign-in page.
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Admin Page
This is default Admin page of Django:
The default admin page in Django is a robust and user-friendly interface designed to
simplify website management. It offers a comprehensive range of features and
functionalities, allowing administrators to effortlessly handle tasks such as managing
user accounts, editing content, monitoring site activity, and much more. With its
intuitive design and customizable options, the Django admin page empowers
administrators to efficiently oversee and control their website's operations.
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Chapter - 9 Future Enhancement
To improve e-learning website have certain things that can be improved

Integration of Virtual Reality (VR) Technology:
Virtual reality may be integrated into an e-gaining knowledge of website to provide an
immersive gaining knowledge of surroundings for users. Here's how it can be
implemented:
 Virtual Classrooms: Create virtual classrooms where students can attend
lectures, take part in discussions, and interact with teachers and friends in
a sensible 3D environment.
 360-Degree Videos and Virtual Tours: Enhance the studying enjoy by
incorporating 360-degree movies and virtual excursions.
 Simulations and Virtual Laboratories: Utilize VR to simulate real-
international situations or laboratory environments.
 Interactive Visualizations: Visualize complicated ideas and records the use
of VR. Students can manipulate and interact with 3D fashions, graphs, and
simulations, enhancing their information of summary or tricky subjects in
topics like mathematics, physics, or biology.
 Collaborative Learning Spaces: Enable collaborative studying in virtual
spaces wherein college students can paintings collectively on projects,
share ideas, and remedy issues in real-time.
 Personalized Learning Paths: Leverage VR generation to create
customized studying paths based totally on person scholar needs and
preferences.
 Virtual Mentoring and Tutoring: Connect college students with virtual
mentors or tutors who can guide and help them of their studying
adventure.
 Multi-Sensory Learning: VR can have interaction a couple of senses, which
include sight, sound, and contact, to create a greater immersive and
noteworthy studying revel in.
Implementing VR generation in e-studying structures has the ability to convert
conventional online training into a dynamic, interactive, and engaging experience.
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Chapter-10 Conclusion
In end, the development and implementation of an e-mastering website have the

potential to revolutionize the way we gather understanding and interact in academic
hobbies. E-mastering websites offer a convenient, bendy, and reachable platform for
people to get right of entry to a huge range of educational assets, guides, and materials
from everywhere, at any time. They facilitate self-paced learning, personalized gaining
knowledge of paths, and interactive mastering reports that cater to numerous studying
patterns and alternatives.
With the advancements in generation, e-studying web sites can leverage functions like
multimedia content, interactive exams, gamification elements, and collaboration gear to
create enticing and immersive learning environments. They sell lifelong mastering,
professional development, and talent enhancement, making education greater on hand
to people of every age and backgrounds.
Furthermore, e-mastering web sites provide possibilities for global connectivity and
knowledge sharing. They permit inexperienced persons from extraordinary
geographical locations to connect, collaborate, and trade ideas, fostering a feel of
network and facilitating a broader perspective on diverse subjects.
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Chapter-11 Bibliography
Books
 Shovic, J. (2016). Learning Django Web Development. Packt Publishing.
 Roy, A. (2018). Django for Beginners: Build websites with Python and
Django. Leanpub.
 McGaw, C. (2019). Django 2 by Example: Build powerful and reliable
Python web applications from scratch. Packt Publishing.
 Mele, A. (2020). Django 3 Web Development Cookbook: Actionable
solutions to common problems in Python web development. Packt
Publishing.
Web-Sites
 https://docs.djangoproject.com/
 https://simpleisbetterthancomplex.com/
 https://stackoverflow.com/
 https://djangopackages.org/
 https://realpython.com/
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E-Learning Website | 2022-23

DEPARTMENT OF INFROMATION TECHNOLOGY

Prof. Pradnya Nehete AMIT YADAV

AMIT YADAV – CV205030024

Name: Amit Yadav

Prof. Pradnya Nehete Prof. Deepak Prajapati

Contents Page No.

2.3 Proposed System: -__________________________________________________________3

2.5 System Specifications : -______________________________________________________5

CHAPTER - 3 Overview Of The Language Used_____________________________________8

3.4 About CSS: -______________________________________________________________13

Chapter - 5 System Design____________________________________________________19

7.2 Unit Testing : -_____________________________________________________________42

Figure 5. 1 - Level 0 DFD Diagram___________________________________________________________20

Chapter - 2 System Analysis

System Analysis is a detailed study of the various operations performed by a systemand

2.2 Description of Existing System: -

2.2.1 Drawback of Existing System: -

 Limited Flexibility and rigid schedules.

2.3 Proposed System: -

2.4 Feasibility Analysis: -

Feasibility analysis, in simple terms, is a technique of assessing the practicality and

Feasibility evaluation normally considers 3 key elements:

compatibility with existing structures, infrastructure necessities, and the feasibility of

Economic Feasibility: Economic feasibility examines whether or not the proposed

Operational Feasibility: Operational feasibility focuses on assessing whether the

Feasibility analysis is important as it permits stakeholders to make knowledgeable

2.4.1 Technical Feasibility : -

Technical feasibility refers to the evaluation of whether a proposed undertaking or

2.4.2 Economical Feasibility : -

Economic feasibility is an important parameter regarding the possibility of any

2.5 System Specifications : -

1. Developing the site.

2.5.1 Hardware Description : -

Processor: Intel i3/ AMD Ryzen 3

Processor speed: 250 MHz to 833MHz

2.5.2 Software Description : -

 Programming Language : Python/Django

Front End:  HTML

CHAPTER - 3 Overview Of The Language Used

3.1 About Python: -

Key Features of Python:

C) Versatility and Flexibility: Python's large variety of libraries and frameworks

Key Features of Django:

3.3 About HTML: -

HTML Tag Example:

3.3.1 Structure of an HTML Document:

An HTML Document is mainly divided into two parts:

3.4 About CSS: -

3.5 About SQL Lite: -

SQLite is a lightweight, serverless, open-source, and self-contained relational database

Key Features of SQLite:

b) Scalability: While SQLite can handle small to medium-sized databases efficiently, it

3.6 About Operating System: -

Chapter - 4 System Modules

 The "Rating" model represents a rating entity associated with courses. It

 The "UserCourse" model represents a many-to-many relationship between users

 The "Payment" model represents a payment entity for courses.

4.6Coupon Code Module : -

Chapter - 5 System Design