Sgta 3

MATH1010/6904 SGTA Week 03 Numeracy Centre
1 SGTA problems
This section contains problems that you should attempt at home in preparation for your SGTA.
Your instructor will work through with you those questions labelled with an ∗ during the SGTA.
1. Continue to work through the Matlab manual (available on iLearn). This is a weekly
task and students should aim to complete the relevant topics in-line with the lecture
material. By this week you need to become familiar with up to §1.3.9 (i.e., up to page
14).
2. Let v 1 = (0, 1, 2, 3) and v 2 = (4, −2, 1, 0). For which values of a and b are v 1 and v 2
orthogonal to v 3 = (a, 1, b, a)?
3. Find the orthogonal projection of b = (1, 1, 2) onto a = (−2, 3, 1). Confirm your answer
in Matlab.
4. Write down the definition of a linear system in n variables.
Which of the following are linear equations in x1 , x2 , and x3 ?
(a) x1 + 4 x2 x3 + 5 x3 = 1,
(b) 3 x1 − x2 + x3 = 1,
(c) x1 = x2 ,
√
(d) x1 − x2 + x3 = 6.
∗ 5. Row reduce the following matrices to reduced row echelon form and list the pivot columns.
Confirm your answers in Matlab using the command rref.
   
1 3 0 4 6 1 0 1 0 0
0 0 1 0 6 0 1 0 1 0
(a) 
0 0 0 0 0
, (b) 0 0 4 0 2 .
 
0 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 2 1
6. Let u = (3, 6, 4), v = (1, 3, 1) and w = (3, 3, 5). Check that 2u − 3v − w = 0. Use this
fact (and no row operations) to solve
   
3 1 3
6 3 x1 = 3 .
x2
4 1 5
 
0 1
1 −2 6 −8 7 1
∗ 7. Let A = ,B= , C = 1 −2 , and D =
  .
0 5 −2 0 −1 −1
3 2
Determine which of the following matrix expressions are defined and, for those that are,
calculate the result. If not well-defined, state a simple reason why not. Confirm your
answers in Matlab.
(i) AB (ii) A C (iii) B t − C (iv) C 2 (v) CAt
∗ 8. Let A, B, C, and D be matrices that satisfy the following conditions: A B t C 2 Dt is defined
and is a 3 × 3 matrix, A has 7 columns, and B has 5 rows. Find the sizes of each of the
matrices A, B, C and D.
∗ 9. In each case, find the elementary row operation that transforms the matrix A1 into A2 ,
and then find the row operation that converts A2 into A1 .
   
1 0 0 2 1 1 0 0 2 1
(a) A1 = 0 1 3 7 0 , A2 = 0 1 0 −2 −3 ,
0 0 1 3 1 0 0 1 3 1

1 1 7 1 1 7
(b) A1 = , A2 = .
1 3 9 0 2 2
∗ 10. Solve (if possible) the following systems of linear equations by Gauss-Jordan elimination:
( (
x + 3y = 1 x − 2y = −5
(a) (b)
x − 2y = −4 3x + 4y = 15
Verify your answers in Matlab using the commands rref and A\b.
2 Additional Problems
These are problems that students who would like something a little more challenging can try
at home after the SGTA. Your instructor may discuss some of these problems in the SGTA if
time permits.
 
1 1
8 4 2 5 −4 −2
1. Let A =  2 0 , B = ,C= , D = 3 5 7 , and E = .
2 4 6 0 0 −1
−1 −4
Determine which of the following matrix expressions are defined and, for those that are,
calculate the result. If not defined, state a simple reason why not. Confirm your answers
in Matlab.
(i) At (ii) AB (iii) A + C (iv) A + B t (v) ED (vi) C 2
2. Row reduce the following matrix to reduced row-echelon form and list the pivot columns.
Confirm your answer in Matlab using the command rref.
 
1 0 1 0 0
0 1 0 2 2
0 1 1 2 0 .
 
0 0 1 0 6
3. In Matlab, enter the following matrix into the command window:

 
1 2 3
A= 4 5 6
7 8 9
and find A4 (refer to pg. 9 of the manual).

 
1 0 0 0 0
Without entering each number, enter the matrix BIG = 0 1 0 0 0 by using the
0 0 1 0 0
eye
and zeros commands and concatenating the matrices (refer to pp. 12–13 of the manual).
Now change the (1, 4)-entry of BIG from 0 to 7 (refer to pg. 11 of the manual).
4. (a) Find examples of matrices A, B where neither A nor B is square, but AB and BA
are both defined.
(b) Show that if A and B are any matrices such that AB and BA are both defined, then
AB and BA are both always square matrices. (Give a general argument, not just an
example.)

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MATH1010/6904 SGTA Week 03 Numeracy Centre

3. In Matlab, enter the following matrix into the command window:

and find A4 (refer to pg. 9 of the manual).

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