NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

PATNA

MINOR PROJECT ON

“SOLAR-POWERED TRASH COLLECTOR”

Session 2020-2024

Submitted to: Submitted to:

Dr Ravi Kumar Jyothi Kajal Raj (2001097)
Assistant Professor Kavi Kumar (2001098)
Dept of Mechanical Engineering Lakshmi Deepak (2001099)

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 TABLE OF CONTENT

S.No Topics Page No

1. Abstract 3

2. Objective 3

3. Introduction 4

4. Literature Survey 6

5. Work Plan 8

6. References 9

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 ABSTRACT

This project emphasis on Design and Fabrication of a

solar-powered trash collector. This work was done looking at
the drastic conditions of our regional water-bodies which are
dump with household garbage, litters of sewage, pollutants,
toxic materials, debris etc. The national government has taken
charge to clean rivers and lakes and invest huge capital in many
river cleaning projects like “Namami Gange”, ‘’Narmada Bachao’’
and many major and medium projects in various cities like
Patna, Ahmadabad, Varanasi etc. By taking this into
consideration, this project was done to design and fabricate a
machine that cleans water surface. Automation plays an
important role in mass production. This is because automation
helps in increasing the efficiency of the cleaning process while
decreasing the work force significantly.

OBJECTIVE

The primary objective of the project is to reduce the

labour force, efficiency of the process and time consumption for
cleaning the water surface of nearby ponds, lakes and rivers.
Our secondary objective is using the actual potential of the solar
energy in a developing country like India where power demand
is very high.

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 INTRODUCTION

Renewable energy is the type of energy that is derived

from the natural resources that are replenished at a higher rate
than they are consumed. Sunlight and wind, for example, are such
sources that are constantly being replenished. Renewable energy
sources are plentiful and all around us. Fossil fuels - coal, oil and
gas - on the other hand, are non-renewable resources that take
hundreds of millions of years to form. Fossil fuels, when burned
to produce energy, cause harmful greenhouse gas emissions,
such as carbon dioxide. [1]

Generating renewable energy creates far lower

emissions than burning fossil fuels. Transitioning from fossil
fuels, which currently account for the lion’s share of emissions, to
renewable energy is key to addressing the climate crisis.
Renewables are now cheaper in most countries, and generate
three times more jobs than fossil fuels.[2]

Here are a few common sources of Renewable Energy:

 SOLAR ENERGY
 HYDRO-POWER
 WIND ENERGY
 GEO-THERMAL ENERGY
 BIO-ENERGY etc

The Sun is one of the major renewable energy sources. The

radiating light and heat from the sun are harnessed and
converted into other forms of energy. In this article, let us learn
about solar energy in detail.[3]

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 Solar energy is the transformation of energy that is present
in the sun and is one of the renewable energies. Once the
sunlight passes through the earth’s atmosphere, most of it is in
the form of visible light and infrared radiation. Plants use it to
convert into sugar and starches; this conversion process is
known as photosynthesis. Solar cell panels are used to convert
this energy into electricity.[3]

India is endowed with vast solar energy potential. About

5,000 trillion kWh per year. Energy is incident over India's land
area with most parts receiving 4-7 kWh per sq. m per day. Solar
photovoltaic power can effectively be harnessed providing huge
scalability in India. Solar also provides the ability to generate
power on a distributed basis and enables rapid capacity addition
with short lead times.[4]

From an energy security perspective, solar is the most

secure of all sources due to its abundance. Theoretically, a
small fraction of the total incident solar energy, if captured
effectively can meet the entire country's power
requirements.[5]

As a pollution-free clean energy with zero emissions,

successful harnessing of solar power can be India’s answer to
rural electrification, rapid urbanisation and grid -
decentralisation [6].

The problem of flooding and climate change has

become so severe because of its recent changes and trends in
our environment today. This has become a cause of major
concern to the world, especially the developing countries like
India, Brazil, Russia, South Africa etc. Water running through a
water drainage system carries along waste materials most
which are non-biodegradable which not only cause flooding but
also environmental pollution and climate change.

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 LITERATURE SURVEY
 Abdullah, Mohd Azizudin and Endut introduced the trash
collector boats are often designed in large size to cater to
the high trash loading for surface water cleaning purpose.
For small streams and drainage, the manual cleaning
method is generally preferred. Their study has
successfully developed a prototype of a trash collector
boat. The collector boat is small in size compared to
available trash collector boat in the market and suitable
for small and narrow space cleaning purpose. [7]

 Prakash and Markose concluded that unchecked disposal

of household waste in rivers or lakes can lead to a decline
in water quality and ultimately a significant impact on
water pollution.[8]

 Martsinovich insisted that the ability to generate energy in

a renewable and sustainable way is rapidly becoming one
of the key priorities both for science, technology and
society. Solar energy is one such renewable resource, and
nature uses it through the process of photosynthesis.[9]

 Malavika et al designed a simple solar operated water

trash collector which can be easily modified and easily
operated. The choice of raw materials helped us in
machining of the various components to very close
tolerance and thereby minimizing the level of balancing
problem.[10]

 Madhavi and Munde proposed a simple River Cleaning

Machine which coincides with our idea of operation
regarding Water Cleaning using Solar Energy. This

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 innovation is easy, affordable and has lot of room to grow
more economical if properly studied.[11]

 Ganesh, Kalavati and Rajesh insisted the need to replace

Manual Cleaning systems with mechanical, automated and
semi-automated cleaning systems with minimal manual-
work. [12]

 Bhavitha et al presented the garbage collection robot on

the beach using wireless communication. The result of
robot performance was found that the machine can move
with the average speed of 0.5meter per sec. This offers an
implementation of a low cost yet great solution for garbage
collection. The main advantage of our project is that the
robot can be operated from anywhere in the world with the
help of a user-friendly app. It is mostly made from the
materials that are available in the house. [13]

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 WORK PLAN

Phase 1: Requirements Gathering and Analysis

 Conduct a literature review to identify existing solar-
powered trash collectors and their limitations.
 Develop a set of requirements for the solar-powered
trash collector, including performance, reliability, and cost
constraints.

Phase 2: Design and Development

 Develop a conceptual design of the solar-powered trash
collector, including the following components such as
Solar panels, Battery, Motor, Conveyor belt.
 Select the appropriate materials and components for the
trash collector.
 Decide the specification of the components used.

Phase 3: Assembly and Testing

 Assemble the various components of the solar-powered
trash collector based on the design works.
 Test the trash collector to ensure that it meets the
performance and reliability requirements.
 Deploy the solar-powered trash collector in the target
environment.
 Conduct field testing to evaluate the performance of the
trash collector in real-world conditions.
 Make necessary adjustments to the design or operation
of the trash collector in case of any problems.

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 REFERENCES

1. CLIMATE ACTION – UNITED NATIONS, Naciones Unidas.

2. EMBRACING RENEWABLE ENERGY – SCIENCE4DATA.
3. SOLAR ENERGY – BYJU’S.
4. PRESS INFORMATION BUREAU, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting RU-
44-02-67-030322/FACTSHEET.
5. SOLAR ENERGY-Current Status: Ministry of New and Renewable Energy,
Government of India.
6. Kanika Varma and Aarushi Agarwal, India’s Rising Solar Sector, Strategic
Investment Research Unit (SIRU), Invest India, July 2021.
7. S.H.Y.S. Abdullah, M.A.A Mohd Azizudin and A. Endut Design and Prototype
Development of Portable Trash Collector Boat for Small Stream Application
International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering
(IJITEE) Volume-8 Issue-10, August 2019.
8. Rahul Prakash K. V, Jithu Markose, Maneesh K. P, Niketh Manohar, Dr.
Sridharan, Jerin Cyriac, Automatic Trash Removal System in Water Bodies,
International Journal of Engineering Science and Computing, Volume 7 Issue
No.4, April 2017.
9. Natalia Martsinovich 2016 Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 2016.
10. S. Malavika, S. Meena, E. Indhumathi, M. Nandhini, S. Srinivasan Solar Operated
Water Trash Collector International Journal of Research in Engineering,
Science and Management Volume-3, Issue-4, April-2020.
11. Madhavi N. Wagh, Kashinath Munde Design and Analysis of River Water
Cleaning Machine IJSDR Volume 3, Issue 7 July 2018.
12. Ganesh U L, Vinod V Rampur Semi-Automatic Drains for Sewage Water
Treatment of floating materials.
13. Bhavita Bhoir, Shivani Baradar, Siddhesh Chavan, Nemisha Vikamsey,
Anushree Prabhu International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts |
Volume 9, Issue 5 May 2021.