INSHAMAKE

Y’ISEZERANO RISHYA

“Muri cya gitabo cya mbere, nanditse ibyo Yesu yabanje gukora no kwigisha
byose, kugeza umunsi yazamukiye mu ijuru amaze gutegeka intumwa yatoranije,
azitegekesha Umwuka Wera, amaze kubabazwa ababonekera ari muzima
atanga ibimenyetso byinshi, agumya kubabonekera mu minsi 40 avuga
iby’Ubwami bw’Imana.” (Ibyak 1:1-3)
Cyanditswe na:
Misiyoneri CYIZA Benjamin
Gikosorwa na VPMSP-EAC

Mata, 2021
BULIISA UGANDA
©VPMSP-EAC
©CYIZA BENJAMIN 2020
Contents
IRIBURIRO ...................................................................................................................................................................... 3
AMATEKA YA PALESTINA ARI HAGATI Y’ISEZERANO RYA KERA N’IRISHYA ......................................... 4
IMYAKA 400 Y’UMWIJIMA ....................................................................................................................................... 4
MATAYO.......................................................................................................................................................................... 7
MARIKO .......................................................................................................................................................................... 9
LUKA .............................................................................................................................................................................. 12
YOHANA ........................................................................................................................................................................ 14
IBYAKOZWE N’INTUMWA ............................................................................................................................................ 17
ABAROMA..................................................................................................................................................................... 19
1 ABAKORINTO ............................................................................................................................................................. 22
2 ABAKORINTO ............................................................................................................................................................. 24
ABAGARATIYA .............................................................................................................................................................. 26
ABEFESO........................................................................................................................................................................ 29
ABAFILIPI ....................................................................................................................................................................... 31
ABAKOLOSAYI ............................................................................................................................................................... 33
1 ABATESALONIKE ........................................................................................................................................................ 35
2 ABATESALONIKE ........................................................................................................................................................ 36
INZANDIKO ZA GISHUMBA........................................................................................................................................... 37
1 TIMOTEYO .................................................................................................................................................................. 37
TITO ............................................................................................................................................................................... 41
FILEMONI ...................................................................................................................................................................... 43
ABAHEBURAYO ............................................................................................................................................................. 44
YAKOBO ........................................................................................................................................................................ 46
1 PETERO ....................................................................................................................................................................... 48
2 PETERO ....................................................................................................................................................................... 49
1 YOHANA ..................................................................................................................................................................... 51
2 YOHANA ..................................................................................................................................................................... 53
3 YOHANA ..................................................................................................................................................................... 54
YUDA ............................................................................................................................................................................. 56
IBYAHISHUWE............................................................................................................................................................... 57
 IRIBURIRO
Musomyi dukunda, iki gitabo cyandikiwe kugufasha kwiga isezerano rishya,
inshamake kuri buri gitabo izatuma urushaho kumva ibitabo byose bigize
igice cya kabiri cya bibiliya yawe. Turagusaba gushyiraho umwete rero
maze ukiga igitabo kiruta ibindi ku isi. Mu gitabo cyabanjirije iki cy’isezerano
rya Kera, twavuze mu nshamake ibyanditse mu bitabo 39 bigize isezerano
rya Kera. Ntucogore rero utararangiza ibi bitabo 27 byari bisigaye. Kumenya
bibiliya Ni ingenzi cyane kuko burya ibyanditswe byera byose byandikiwe
kutwigisha kugirango kwihangana no guhumurizwa bitangwa nabyo
biduheshe ibyiringiro. (Rom 15:4)
Tuzirikana ko ibitabo biri mu Kinyarwanda bya Bibiliya Atari byinshi, niba
ubonye iki gitabo mu ntoki zawe, Menya ko cyateguwe na Misiyoneri CYIZA
Benjamin mu muhati we wo kwagura ubwami bw’Imana, ugikoreshe mu
buryo bwose buhesha Umwami wacu Yesu icyubahiro. Twizeye ko
kizakugirira umumaro.
Misiyoneri CYIZA Benjamin
HOIMA TOWN, UGANDA, VPMSP EAC
UMURIMO WACYO WASOJWE MU 2021
 AMATEKA YA PALESTINA ARI HAGATI Y’ISEZERANO RYA KERA
N’IRISHYA

IMYAKA 400 Y’UMWIJIMA

ICYO GIHE MURI RUSANGE

Intera iri hagati y’isezerano rya Kera n’irishya ingana n’ibinyejana bine ni ukuvuga imyaka
400, itangira muri 430 M.K, muri iki gihe imbaraga za politike ziyoboye isi zavuye muri
Aziya maze ziharirwa n’uburayi. Ubuperesi bwari bwaramaze gukubitwa hasi n’igitero
cy’Abanyamakedoniya, kandi nyuma y’igihe Abagereki nabo bahigamira ingoma
y’Abaroma. Reka turebe uko ibyo byose byagenze mu bika bikurikira:

IGIHE CY’ABAPERESI
Igihe cy’Abaperesi nicyo cyakomezanije isozwa ry’isezerano rya Kera kugera muri 334
M.K, kubera ko nta nyandiko nyinshi z’abaperesi amakuru menshi dutanga muri iki gitabo
ashingiye ku byavuzwe n’abanyamateka b’abagiriki. Gusa na none hari amateka yo hanze
ya Bibiliya avugwa ku bayahudi muri icyo gihe.
Muri 539 M.K Kuro umuperesi yanesheje Babuloni maze atangira kuyobora uturere twayo,
Ubuperesi bwaragutse cyane kuva mu Bugiriki kugeza mu buhinde, kuva Kokasi kugera
muri Egiputa, Kuro kandi yemereye abayuda bose bashakaga gutaha I Buyuda no kongera
kubaka urusengero ndetse n’umurwa mukuru, kubw’iyo mpamvu ubutegetsi bw’abaperesi
kuri Palestina ntibwari ubw’igitugu na hato.
Mu kinyejana cya kane mbere ya Yesu, Ubuperesi bwa Kuro bwatangiye gucika intege
maze Uburayi bwinjira muri Palestine ku nshuro ya mbere.

IGIHE CY’ABAGEREKI
Alegizanderi na Diadoki
Filipo II wa Makedoniya yatangiye igihe gishya muri Palestine nyuma yo guhuza imijyi
y’ubugiriki yose na Makedoniya. Umuhungu wa Filipo, Alexandere III Mukuru, yanesheje
Abaperesi ku rugamba, hanyuma ahuza Egiputa,Palestina,Siria, na Aziya Nto,Ubugiriki,
n’uduce twose twari twarigaruriwe n’ubuperesi. Uduce twose twagombaga kugendera ku
matwara mashya, umugi wose wabaga ari Leta ukwayo y’abagiriki byose bigahuriza
hamwe, kubw’iyo mpamvu hakurikiyeho gahunda yo kwigisha umuco w'abagiriki mu duce
twose bigaruriye.
Nyuma y’urupfu rwa Alexandere mukuru muri 323 M.K, ubwami bwe bwagabanywe
n’abajenerari bane, aribyo twise Diadoki (Bisobanura abazungura) uwari ugize aho ahurira
na Palestina cyane yari Ptolemi I, uwari warigaruriye Egiputa n’Afurika y’amajyaruguru na
Selekusi I Nikatoro uwo ingabo ze zari zarigaruriye Siria, Aziya nto na Babuloniya.
IGIHE CYA PTOLEMI
Ubwami bwa Ptolemi bwayoboye Palestine guhera muri 323 kugeza mu 198 M.K
yemereraga abayuda kwiyobora no gukomeza imihango yabo. Mu 198 M.K, Antiyokusi III,
wayoboraga Abaseluside, yanesheje Ptolemi maze yigarurira Palestine.
IGIHE CY’ABASELUSIDE
Antiyokusi III yakomeje korohera Abayuda no kubemerera gukomeza imigenzo yabo
y’idini. Mu 175 M.K, Ariko Antiyokusi IV Epifane(Yiyitaga Imana) yaje ku ngoma, we
ntiyabererekera abayuda na hato ahubwo yanduje urusengero rw’I Yerusalemu kandi
ategeka gusenga ibigirwamana, ndetse akuza ihinduramuco, ngo bose bakurikize imico
n’imigenzo by’Abagiriki. Igicaniro cy’ikigirwamana cy’Abasiriya Zewu yagihagaritse mu
rusengero. Mu 167 M.K inyamaswa zizira zaratambwe ku gicaniro cyo mu rusengero rwera
I Yerusalemu.
IGIHE CY’ABAMAKABE N’ABAHAZIMONE
Nyuma umuryango w’umutambyi witwaga Abahazimone (Hasmoneans) wari ufite
umugabo witwaga Matatiya n’abahungu batanu, barahagurutse maze bagandira Antiyokusi
Epifane, kandi baje kunesha nyuma y’ingorane nyinshi, uyu muryango na none bawita
―Abamakabe, bivuye ku izina Makabe. Abamakabe rero n’Abahazimone bagabye igitero ku
ba Siriya banatera abayuda baretse amategeko ya Mose. Yuda Makabe n’ingabo ze
banesheje Abasiriya bafata urusengero muri 164 M.K. ayo matwara yo gukomeza
amategeko yasigaranywe n’amwe mu matsinda nk’Abazideyani (Hasideans) bavuyemo
Abafarisayo, n’ Abahazimone bakomokaho Abasadukayo ariko Abafarisayo nibo bari bafite
imbaraga mu gihugu hose.
Abahazimone batsindiwe mu ntambara y’abavandimwe babiri bashakaga umwanya wo
kuba Umwami n’Umutambyi aribo Irakanusi na Aristobulusi II. Abo bose kandi biyambaje
Roma ngo ibakemurire ikibazo, maze bibera inzira yoroshye Roma yo gutera no
kwigarurira Yerusalemu, Pompeyi Umujenerari w’Umuroma atera muri 63 M.K Nuko
yigarurira ubuyuda ityo.
IGIHE CY’ABAROMA
Mu gihe cy’Ubwami bw’Abaroma bagumanye umuco w’abagiriki, bakagira ubuyobozi
bwabo muri buri mugi, kandi bagasezeranya amahoro mu matwara yabo yose.
Pompeyi, Umujenerari w’umuroma wanesheje kandi akigarurira Yerusalemu n’uduce
tuyikikije, yaragije uduce twahoze ari utw’Abahazimone ku mu guverineri w’Abaroma w’I
Siria, agira Irakanusi II umutambyi mukuru, kandi ashyiraho umunyadumeya (umwe mu
bakomoka kuri Esawu) witwaga Antipateri n’abahungu be Fazo na Herode (Phasel and
Herod) gutwara I Yudaya n’I Galilaya. Kuva mu butambyi kwa Irakanusi II kwasojwe no
gutsindwa n’Abapantiya. Ariko Roma yongera kunesha Abapantiya, hanyuma kandi
bemeza Herode Mukuru muri 37 M.K, ndetse byemezwako yitwa umwami. Muri iyi myaka
Roma yihanganiraga Abayuda mu bijyanye n’iby’idini. Kandi Herode yari umuyobozi
ushoboye ku buryo babaye amahoro batikanga intambara zo hanze, yakoze ibikorwa
byinshi harimo kubaka, ndetse mu rwego rwo kwigarurira imitima y’abayuda avugurura
urusengero rw’I Yerusalemu arutera kurabagirana akoresheje izahabu. Herode ariko na
none yaranzwe n’Ubwicanyi, n’intambara no kunaniza rubanda kandi atagira imbabazi,
kugeza ubwo yapfiriye muri 4 M.K. Nubwo bari batakaje se n’ubunararibonye bwe, ariko
abahungu ba Herode bakomeje kuyobora ibice bitandukanye bya Palestina mu gihe
cy’isezerano rishya.
ISEZERANO RISHYA
Isezerano Rishya rigabanyijemo ibice bitanu:
1. Ubutumwa bwiza (Matayo kugeza kuri Yohana)
2. Amateka (igitabo cy'Ibyakozwe n'Intumwa)
3. Amabaruwa ya Pawulo (Abaroma kugeza Kuri Filemoni)
4. Inzandiko rusange (Abaheburayo kugeza kuri Yuda)
5. Ubuhanuzi (igitabo cy'Ibyahishuwe)

Isezerano Rishya ryanditswe kuva ahagana mu wa 45 M.K kugeza mu mwaka wa 95 M.K

Isezerano Rishya ryanditswe mu kigereki gisanzwe (Ikigereki gisanzwe, uburyo bwa buri
munsi bw'ururimi rw'ikigereki mu kinyejana cya mbere mbere ya Yesu.)

Ubutumwa bwiza buduha inkuru enye zitandukanye, ariko ntizivuguruzanya, Inkuru

Zivuka, Ubuzima, Umurimo, Urupfu, N'izuka Rya Yesu Kristo. Ubutumwa Bwiza
bwerekana uburyo Yesu yari Mesiya wasezeranijwe wo mu Isezerano rya Kera kandi
ashyiraho urufatiro rwo kwigisha ibindi biboneka mu Isezerano Rishya. Igitabo
cy'Ibyakozwe n'Intumwa cyandika ibikorwa by'intumwa za Yesu, abagabo Yesu yohereje
ku isi kwamamaza Ubutumwa bwiza bw'agakiza. Ibyakozwe n'Intumwa bitubwira
intangiriro y'itorero no gukura kwayo mu kinyejana cya mbere nyuma ya Yesu. Amabaruwa
ya Pawulo, yanditswe n'Intumwa Pawulo, ni amabaruwa yandikiwe amatorero yihariye -
atanga inyigisho za gikirisitu zemewe n'imigenzo igomba gukurikiza izo nyigisho.
Amabaruwa rusange ashimangira inzandiko za Pawulo ariko akagira n’inyigisho zinyongera
zo gushyira mu bikorwa inyigisho z’Ubutumwa bwiza. Igitabo cy'Ibyahishuwe gihanura
ibintu bizaba mu bihe by’imperuka.
 MATAYO
Umwanditsi: Iki gitabo kizwi nk'Ubutumwa Bwiza bwa Matayo kuko cyanditswe
n'intumwa yitwa Matayo. Imiterere y’igitabo igaragaza rwose ko umwanditsi yari
umusoresha, Matayo yashishikajwe cyane no kubara, kugaragaza cyane imibare (18: 23-24;
25: 14-15). Ubutumwa Bwiza bwa Matayo butondetse neza kandi burasobanutse. Aho
kwandika uko ibihe byakurikiranye, Matayo ategura ubu butumwa bwiza binyuze mu
biganiro bitandatu. Nk’umusoresha, Matayo yari afite ubuhanga butuma inyandiko ye
irushaho gushimisha abakristo.
Abasoresha bari abantu bashobora kwandika mu buryo bw'imvugo ngufi, bivuze cyane ko
Matayo yashoboraga kwandika amagambo y'umuntu uko yavugaga, ijambo ku rindi. Ubu
bushobozi busobanura ko amagambo ya Matayo atahumekewe na Mwuka Wera gusa,
ahubwo agomba kwerekana inyandiko-mvugo nyayo ya zimwe mu nyigisho za Kristo.
Urugero, Inyigisho yo ku Musozi, nkuko byanditswe mu gice cya 5-7, rwose ni inyandiko
yuzuye y'ubutumwa bukomeye.
Itariki cyandikiwe: Nk’intumwa, Matayo yanditse Ubutumwa Bwiza bwamwitiriwe mu
kinyejana cya mbere cy’itorero, hagati y’umwaka wa 55-65. Iki cyari igihe abakristu benshi
bari abayahudi bahindutse, bityo rero Matayo yibanze ku bitekerezo by’ abayahudi muri
ubu butumwa bwiza birumvikana.
Intego yo Kwandika: Matayo arashaka kwereka Abayahudi ko Yesu Kristo ari Mesiya
wasezeranijwe. Kurenza ibindi bitabo by’ubutumwa bwiza byose, Ubutumwa Bwiza
bwamwitiriwe Matayo, asubiramo Isezerano rya Kera kugirango yerekane uburyo Yesu
yashohoje amagambo y'abahanuzi b'Abayahudi. Matayo asobanura mu buryo burambuye
ibisekuru bya Yesu ukomoka kuri Dawidi, kandi akoresha uburyo bwinshi bwo kuvuga
Abayahudi babaga bishimiye. Urukundo rwa Matayo no kwita ku bantu be bigaragarira mu
buryo bwe bwitondewe bwo kuvuga inkuru nziza.
Imirongo y'ingenzi:
Matayo 5:17: ―Mwitekereza ko naje gukuraho Amategeko cyangwa ibyahanuwe; Sinaje
kubikuraho ahubwo naje kuzisohoza.‖
Matayo 5: 43-44: ―Mwumvise ko byavuzwe ngo: 'ukunde mugenzi wawe kandi wange
umwanzi wawe.' Ariko njyeweho ndababwira ngo: ―Mukunde abanzi banyu kandi usabire
abarenganya.‖
Matayo 6: 9-13: ―Nuko musenge mutya muti: 'Data wa twese uri mu ijuru, izina ryawe
ryubahwe, ubwami bwawe buze, ibyo ushaka bibeho mu isi nk'uko biba mu ijuru. Uduhe
none ibyokurya by’uyu, Uduharire imyenda yacu, nkuko natwe twahariye abarimo imyenda
yacu. Kandi ntuduhane mu bitwoshya, ahubwo udukize umubi. ‖
Matayo 16:26: ―Kandi umuntu byamumarira iki gutunga ibintu byose byo mu isi, niyakwa
ubugingo bwe? Cyangwa umuntu yatanga iki gucungura ubugingo bwe‖
Matayo 22: 37-40: "Yesu aramusubiza ati:" Kunda Uwiteka Imana yawe n'umutima wawe
wose, n'ubugingo bwawe bwose n'ubwenge bwawe bwose. "Iri ni ryo tegeko rya mbere
kandi rikomeye. Kandi irya kabiri ni nkaryo:" Kunda mugenzi wawe nk'uko wikunda. "muri
ayo mategeko yombi , amategeko yose n’ibyahanuwe niho yuririraho.
Matayo 27:31: ―Bamaze kumushinyagurira, bakuramo ikanzu bamwambika imyenda.
Hanyuma bamujyana kumubamba. ‖
Matayo 28: 5-6: ―Umumarayika abwira abo bagore ati: 'Ntutinye, kuko nzi ko urimo
gushaka Yesu wabambwe. Ntabwo ari hano; yazutse, nk'uko yabivuze. Ngwino urebe aho
aryamye. '‖
Matayo 28: 19-20: ―Genda rero, uhindure abantu bo mu mahanga yose abigishwa, ubabatize
mu izina rya Data, Umwana n'Umwuka Wera, kandi ubigishe kumvira ibyo nagutegetse
byose. Kandi rwose ndi kumwe nawe buri gihe, kugeza ku mperuka y'isi. ‖

Incamake: Ubutumwa Bwiza bwa Matayo buvuga ku gisekuru, kuvuka, n'ubuzima bwa
mbere bwa Kristo mu bice bibiri bibanza. Kuva aho, igitabo kivuga ku murimo wa Yesu.
Ibisobanuro by'inyigisho za Kristo bitunganijwe nka Disikuru, urugero nk’Ikibwiriza cyo
ku Musozi mu gice cya 5 kugeza ku cya 7. Igice cya 10 kirimo ubutumwa n'intego
by'abigishwa; igice cya 13 ni ikusanyirizo ry'imigani; igice cya 18 kivuga ku itorero; igice
cya 23 na 24 gitangira disikuru yerekeye uburyarya bw’Abafarisayo n’abanditsi n’igihe
kizaza. Igice cya 25 kugeza ku cya 27 kivuga ku ifatwa rya Yesu, iyicwarubozo, n'iyicwa
rya Yesu. Igice cya nyuma gisobanura Izuka na Inshingano Nkuru.
Ihuza: Kubera ko intego ya Matayo ari ukugaragaza Yesu Kristo nk'Umwami na Mesiya
wa Isiraheli, asubiramo mu Isezerano rya Kera kurusha abandi banditsi batatu b'Ubutumwa
Bwiza. Matayo asubiramo inshuro zirenga 60 mu bice by'ubuhanuzi byo mu Isezerano rya
Kera, yerekana uburyo Yesu yabisohoje. Yatangiriye Ubutumwa Bwiza n'ibisekuru bya
Yesu, ahereye kuri Aburahamu, urubyaro rw'Abayahudi. Kuva aho, Matayo asubiramo
amagambo menshi mu bahanuzi, yakunze gukoresha imvugo ngo: ―nk'uko byavuzwe
n'umuhanuzi (Matayo 1: 22-23, 2: 5-6, 2:15, 4: 13-16, 8 : 16-17, 13:35, 21: 4-5). Iyi
mirongo yerekeza ku buhanuzi bwo mu Isezerano rya Kera bwo kuvuka kwe kw'isugi
(Yesaya 7:14) i Betelehemu (Mika 5: 2), agaruka avuye mu Misiri nyuma y'urupfu rwa
Herode (Hoseya 11: 1), umurimo we ku banyamahanga (Yesaya); 9: 1-2; 60: 1-3), Gukiza
kwe mu buryo bw'igitangaza umubiri n'ubugingo (Yesaya 53: 4), Ibyo yavuze mu migani
(Zaburi 78: 2), no kwinjira kwe mu cyubahiro i Yerusalemu (Zekariya 9: 9).

Icyo Twakwigiramo: Ubutumwa Bwiza bwa Matayo ni intangiriro nziza ku nyigisho

z'ibanze z'ubukristo. Imiterere yumvikana y’uburyo bworoshye kubona ibiganiro
by’insanganyamatsiko zitandukanye. Ubutumwa bwanditswe na Matayo ni ingirakamaro
cyane mu gusobanukirwa uburyo ubuzima bwa Kristo bwasohoje ubuhanuzi bwo mu
Isezerano rya Kera. Matayo yashakaga kumwumvisha Abayahudi bagenzi be, muri bo
harimo Abafarisayo n'Abasadukayo kandi bakomezaga kunangira kwakira Yesu nka
Mesiya wabo. Nubwo ibinyejana byinshi byasomaga kandi bikiga Isezerano rya Kera,
amaso yabo yari yarahumye, ntibabashaga kumeya Yesu uwo ari we. Yesu yabacyaha
kubera imitima yabo ikomeye no kwanga kumenya Uwo bari bategereje (Yohana 5: 38-40).
Bashakaga Mesiya mu buryo bwabo, umuntu uzasohoza ibyifuzo byabo agakora ibyo
bashaka ko akora. Ni kangahe dushakisha Imana uko dushaka? Tugakunda kumwitirirwa
gusa, Nyamara iyo twemeye kugendera mu nzira ze bituma twumva tumerewe neza -
urukundo rwe, imbabazi, Ubuntu, mu gihe twanze tugaca ukubiri nawe tubona - umujinya
we, ubutabera, n’uburakari bwera? Ntabwo twatinyuka gukora amakosa y'Abafarisayo,
turema Imana mw’ishusho yacu hanyuma tugateganya ko izakurikiza amahame yacu. Imana
nk’iyi nta tandukaniro yaba ifite hagati yayo n’ibigirwamana. Bibiliya iduha amakuru
arenze ahagije kubyerekeye imiterere n’ukuri biranga Imana na Yesu kristo kugirango
twemere gusenga kandi twumvira.

MARIKO
Umwanditsi: Nubwo Ubutumwa Bwiza bwa Mariko butavuze izina ry’umwanditsi,
abasaza b’itorero bemeza ko ari Mariko. Yari inshuti y'intumwa Petero, kandi bigaragara ko
yari umwigiswa we (1 Petero 5:13). Mariko yakiriye amakuru yibyabaye hamwe
n’inyigisho za Yesu Kristo abibwiwe na Petero, kandi abika ayo makuru mu buryo
bwanditse. Muri rusange byemeranijwe ko Mariko ariwe Yohana Mariko wo mu Isezerano
Rishya (Ibyakozwe 12:12). Nyina yari umukirisitu ukize kandi ukomeye mu itorero ry’I
Yerusalemu, kandi birashoboka ko iryo torero ryateraniraga iwe. Mariko yifatanije na
Pawulo na Barinaba mu rugendo rwabo rwa mbere rw'ubumisiyonari, ariko ntibyakunze mu
rugendo rwa kabiri kubera ubwumvikane buke hagati y'abo bagabo bombi (Ibyakozwe 15:
37-38). Ariko, hafi y’urupfu rwe Pawulo yahamagaye Mariko kubana na we (2 Timoteyo
4:11).
Itariki cyandikiweho: Ubutumwa Bwiza bwa Mariko bushobora kuba ari kimwe mu
bitabo bya mbere byanditswe mu Isezerano Rishya, birashoboka ko bwanditswe hagati
y’umwaka wa 55-59 M.K.

Intego yo Kwandika: Mugihe ubutumwa bwiza bwa Matayo bwandikiwe cyane cyane
Abayahudi bagenzi be, Ubutumwa Bwiza bwa Mariko bisa nkaho yibasiye abizera
b'Abaroma, cyane cyane abanyamahanga. Mariko yanditse nk'umushumba ku bakristo
babwirijwe kandi bizera Ubutumwa bwiza (Abaroma 1: 8). Yifuzaga ko bagira amateka ya
Yesu Kristo nk'Umucunguzi w'Umwami n'Umukiza w'isi kugira ngo bakomeze kwizera
kwabo mu gihe cy'akarengane gakaze no kubigisha icyo kuba abigishwa be bisobanura.

Imirongo y'ingenzi:
Mariko 1:11: ―Ijwi riva mu ijuru riti: 'Uyu ni Umwana wanjye nkunda cyane,
nkamwishimira.‖
Mariko 1:17: Yesu ati: '' Ngwino unkurikire, nanjye nzakugira abarobyi b'abantu. '‖
Mariko 10: 14-15: ―Arababwira ati: 'Reka abana bato baze aho ndi, ntimubabuze, kuko
ubwami bw'Imana ari ubw'abo. Ndababwiza ukuri, umuntu wese utazakira ubwami
bw'Imana nk'umwana muto ntazigera ayinjiramo. '‖
Mariko 10:45: ―Kuko n'Umwana w'umuntu ataje gukorerwa, ahubwo yaje gukorera, no
gutanga ubuzima bwe nk'incungu ya benshi.‖
Mariko 12:33: ―Kumukunda n'umutima wawe wose, n'ubwenge bwawe bwose n'imbaraga
zawe zose, no gukunda mugenzi wawe nk'uko wikunda ni byo by'ingenzi kuruta amaturo
yose yatwitse n'ibitambo.‖
Mariko 16: 6: ―'Ntugire ubwoba.' 'Urimo gushaka Yesu Umunyanazareti, wabambwe.
Yarazutse! Ntabwo ari hano. Reba aho bamushyize. '‖ Mariko 16:15: ―Arababwira ati: 'Jya
mu isi yose, mwamamaze ubutumwa bwiza ku biremwa byose.'‖
Incamake y’igitabo: Ubu butumwa bwiza burihariye kuko bushimangira ibikorwa bya
Yesu kuruta inyigisho ze. Ubuzima bwa Kristo buboneka mu nshamake cyane. Ntabwo
bitangirana n’ibisekuruza nkuko biri muri Matayo, kuko abanyamahanga ntibaba
bashishikajwe n’umuryango wa Yesu ahubwo babaga barajwe ishinga no kumenya imirimo
ye n’intego ze. Yesu amaze kumenyekana igihe yabatizwaga, Yesu yatangiye umurimo we
rusange i Galilaya maze ahamagara bane ba mbere mu bigishwa be cumi na babiri.
Ibikurikira muri ubu butumwa ni amateka y’ubuzima bwa Yesu, urupfu n’izuka rye. Inkuru
ya Mariko ntabwo ari icyegeranyo cy'inkuru gusa, ahubwo ni inkuru yanditse yerekana ko
Yesu ari Mesiya, atari ku Bayahudi gusa, ahubwo no ku banyamahanga. Mu mwuga
utangaje w’uburobyi, abigishwa bayobowe na Petero, bemeye kumwizera (Mariko 8: 29-
30), nubwo bananiwe gusobanukirwa neza na Mesiya kugeza nyuma y'izuka rye.
Ubutumwa bwiza bwe yabutangiriye muri Galilaya, n’uturere tuyikikije, hanyuma muri
Yudaya, Yakoze ku mibereho y'abantu benshi, ariko yasigiye abigishwa be ikimenyetso
simusiga. Mu gihe yihinduraga ukundi (Mariko 9: 1-9), yahaye batatu muri bo kureba uko
azagaruka mu bubasha, ubwiza n'icyubahiro, kandi byongeye kubahishurira uwo ari we.
Ariko, mu minsi ibanziriza urugendo rwe rwa nyuma i Yerusalemu, tubona bahinda
umushyitsi, ubwoba kandi bashidikanya. Yesu amaze gufatwa, Yasigaye wenyine bamaze
guhunga. Mu masaha yakurikiyeho y'ibigeragezo by'agashinyaguro, Yesu yatangaje ashize
amanga ko ari Kristo, Umwana w’Imana, kandi ko azanesha (Mariko 14: 61-62). Ibitangaza
by’ibyaremwe byerekeranye no kubambwa, urupfu, guhambwa no kuzuka ntibyigeze
bibonwa n’abigishwa be benshi. Ariko abagore benshi bizerwa biboneye ibyo. Nyuma
y'Isabato, kare mu gitondo cy'umunsi wa mbere w'icyumweru, bagiye ku mva bafite
ibihumura neza byo gushyingura. Babonye ibuye ryakuweho, binjira mu mva. Basanga
Yesu Ntawurimo, ahubwo umumarayika wambaye imyenda irabagirana ababwira
Ubutumwa bushimishije, ―Yazutse!‖ Abagore ni bo bavugabutumwa ba mbere, kuko
bakwirakwije ubutumwa bwiza bw'izuka rye. Ubu butumwa bumwe bwatangajwe ku isi
yose mu binyejana byakurikiyeho kugeza uyu munsi.

Ihuza: Kubera ko Mariko yashakaga kumvisha Yesu abanyamahanga, ntabwo asubiramo

kenshi ibyanditswe mu Isezerano rya Kera nka Matayo, wandikiraga cyane cyane
Abayahudi. Ntatangirana n'ibisekuruza kugirango ahuze Yesu n’abakurambere
b'Abayahudi, ahubwo atangirira mu kubatizwa kwe, gutangira umurimo we wo ku isi.
Ariko aho ngaho, Mariko yasubiyemo ubuhanuzi bwo mu Isezerano rya Kera buvuga ku
ntumwa - Yohana Umubatiza - wasabye abantu ―gutegura inzira y'Uwiteka‖ (Mariko 1: 3;
Yesaya 40: 3) mu gihe bagitegereje ukuza kwa Mesiya wabo. Yesu yerekeza ku Isezerano
rya Kera mu bice byinshi byo muri Mariko. Muri Mariko 7: 6, Yesu yacyashye Abafarisayo
kubera ko batasengaga Imana ku buryo bwuzuye bayishimishaga iminwa yabo mu gihe
imitima yabo yari kure yayo kandi yerekeza ku muhanuzi wabo, Yesaya, kugira ngo
abahamirize umutima wabo ukomeye (Yesaya 29:13). Yesu yerekeje ku bundi buhanuzi
bwo mu Isezerano rya Kera bwagombaga gusohora muri iryo joro nyine kuko abigishwa
bari gutatana nk'intama zitagira umwungeri igihe Yesu yafatwaga akicwa (Mariko 14:27;
Zekariya 13: 7). Yongeye kwerekeza kuri Yesaya igihe yeza Urusengero asunika ameza
y’abavunjaga amafaranga (Mariko 11: 15-17; Yesaya 56: 7; Yeremiya 7:11) no muri Zaburi
igihe yasobanuriraga ko ari we mfuruka nyamukuru y'ukwizera kwacu kandi y'Itorero
(Mariko 12: 10-11; Zaburi 118: 22-23).
Gushyira mu bikorwa: Mariko yerekana Yesu nk'Umugaragu w'Imana wababajwe
(Mariko 10: 45) kandi nk' Umwe rukumbi waje kudukorera no kudutambirwa, igice cyo
kudutera imbaraga zo kubikora. Tugomba gukora nkuko yabikoze, hamwe no kwicisha
bugufi no kwitangira umurimo w'abandi. Yesu yadushishikarije kwibuka ko kuba mukuru
mu bwami bw'Imana, tugomba kuba umugaragu wa bose (Mariko 10:44). Kwigomwa
bigomba kurenza ibyo dukeneye kumenyekana cyangwa ibihembo, nkuko Yesu yari afite
ubushake bwo gutukwa igihe yatangaga ubuzima bwe kubw’intama ze.

LUKA

Umwanditsi: Ubutumwa bwanditswe na Luka ntibugaragaza umwanditsi wabwo. Ariko

muri Luka 1: 1-4 no mu Byakozwe 1: 1-3, biragaragara ko Luka n'Ibyakozwe n'Intumwa
byanditswe n’umwanditsi umwe, bombi babwira “Tewofili mwiza cyane,” bishoboka ko
yari umunyacyubahiro w'Abaroma wizeye. Abasaza bo mu bihe bya mbere by'itorero
n’abanyamateka bahamya ko Luka wari umuganga akaba na mugenzi wa hafi w'Intumwa
Pawulo, ariwe mwanditsi w’ubutumwa bwiza bwa Luka n'Ibyakozwe (Abakolosayi 4:14; 2
Timoteyo 4:11). Luka yari umunyamahanga wizeye
Itariki yo kwandika: Ubutumwa Bwiza bwa Luka birashoboka ko bwanditswe hagati ya
58 na 65 M.K.

Intego yo Kwandika: Kimwe no mu bindi bitabo bibiri By’ubutumwa Bwiza - Matayo na

Mariko - intego y'iki gitabo ni uguhishura Umwami Yesu Kristo n'ibyo ―Yatangiye
Gukora No Kwigisha Kugeza Umunsi Yajyanywe Mu Ijuru” (Ibyakozwe 1: 1-2).
Ubutumwa Bwiza bwa Luka burihariye kuko ni amateka atondekanije neza - ―inkuru
itondekanye‖ (Luka 1: 3) ihuje n'ubwenge bwa muganga Luka - akenshi itanga ibisobanuro
birambuye izindi nkuru zitatanze neza. Amateka ya Luka y’ubuzima bw’Umuganga
Ukomeye ashimangira umurimo we-no kugirira impuhwe-Abanyamahanga, Abasamariya,
abagore, abana, abasoresha, abanyabyaha, n’abandi bafatwaga nk’ibicibwa muri Isiraheli.
Imirongo y'ingenzi: Luka 2: 4-7: ―Nuko Yosefu azamuka ava mu mujyi wa Nazareti i
Galilaya, yerekeza i Yudaya, i Betelehemu mu mujyi wa Dawidi, kuko yari uwo mu rugo
rwa Dawidi. Yagiyeyo kwiyandikisha kuri Mariya, wasezeranijwe ko azashyingirwa kandi
yari ategereje umwana. Bakiri aho, igihe kirageze ngo umwana avuke, maze yibaruka
imfura ye, umuhungu. Yamupfunyitse mu bitambaro amushyira mu kiraro, kuko nta
cyumba bari bafite mu icumbi. ‖

Imirongo fatizo:
Luka 3:16, "Yohana arabasubiza ati:" Ndabatizwa n'amazi. Ariko umwe mundusha
imbaraga nzaza, inkoni zanjye sinkwiriye kubambura. Azabatiza Umwuka Wera n'umuriro.
. '"

Luka 4: 18-19, 21: ―'Umwuka w'Uwiteka ari kuri njye, kuko yansize amavuta ngo mbwire
abakene ubutumwa bwiza. Yanyohereje gutangaza umudendezo w'imfungwa no gukira
amaso y'impumyi, kurekura abarengana, gutangaza umwaka w'ubutoni bwa Nyagasani.
'Uyu munsi ibyanditswe byujujwe mu kumva kwawe. "
Luka 18: 31-32: ―Yesu yakuye kuri Cumi na babiri, arababwira ati: 'Turazamuka tujya i
Yerusalemu, kandi ibyanditswe n'abahanuzi byose byerekeye Umwana w'umuntu
bizasohora. Azashyikirizwa abanyamahanga. Bazamushinyagurira, bamutuke, bamucira
amacandwe, bamukubite kandi bamwice. Ku munsi wa gatatu azazuka. '"

Luka 23: 33-34: "Bageze aho bita Igihanga, ni ho bamubambye, hamwe n'abagizi ba nabi -
umwe iburyo bwe, undi ibumoso. Yesu ati:" Data, ubababarire, kuko ari bo ntumenye icyo
bakora. '"

Luka 24: 1-3: "Ku munsi wa mbere wicyumweru, mu gitondo cya kare cyane, abagore
bafata ibirungo bari barateguye bajya ku mva. Basanga ibuye ryavuye mu mva, ariko
binjira. , ntibabonye umurambo w'Umwami Yesu. "
Incamake y’igitabo : Yitwa igitabo cyiza cyane cyanditswe, Ubutumwa Bwiza bwa Luka
butangira butubwira ibyerekeye ababyeyi ba Yesu; ivuka rya mubyara we, Yohana
Umubatiza; Urugendo rwa Mariya na Yozefu i Betelehemu, aho Yesu yavukiye mu muvure
w’inka; n'ibisekuru bya Kristo binyuze muri Mariya. Umurimo rusange wa Yesu ugaragaza
impuhwe n’imbabazi byuzuye binyuze mu mateka y’umuhungu w'ikirara, umutunzi na
Lazaro, n’umusamariya mwiza.

Nubwo benshi bizeraga urwo rukundo rudashidikanywaho rurenze imipaka y’abantu,

abandi benshi, cyane cyane abayobozi b’amadini - barwanyaga kandi barwanya ibyo Yesu
yavuze. Abayoboke ba Kristo bashishikarizwaga kubara ikiguzi cyo guhindura abantu
abigishwa, mu gihe abanzi be bashaka urupfu rwe ku musaraba. Hanyuma, Yesu
yarahemukiwe, arashinjwa, arakatirwa kandi arabambwa. Ariko urupfu ntirwashoboraga
kumuherana! Mu Kuzuka kwe bidutera inkomezi zo gukomeza no gushaka gukiza
abazimiye.

Ihuza: Kubera ko Luka yari umunyamahanga, ibyo yavuze ku Isezerano rya Kera ni bike
ugereranije no mu Ubutumwa Bwiza bwa Matayo, kandi ibyinshi mu bivugwa mu isezerano
rya Kera biri mu magambo yavuzwe na Yesu aho kuba mu byo Luka yavuze. Yesu
yakoresheje Isezerano rya Kera kugira ngo yirinde ibitero bya Satani, ubwo yamusubizaga
ati "Byanditswe ngo" (Luka 4: 1-13); kwimenyekanisha nka Mesiya wasezeranijwe (Luka
4: 17-21); kwibutsa Abafarisayo ko badashoboye gukurikiza Amategeko no gukenera
Umukiza (Luka 10: 25-28, 18: 18-27); no kwitiranya imyigire yabo mu gihe bagerageje
kumutega no kumushuka (Luka 20).

Gushyira mu bikorwa: Ubutumwa Bwiza bwanditswe na Luka buduha ishusho nziza

y'Umukiza wacu w'impuhwe. Yesu yitaga ku bakene n'abatishoboye; mubyukuri, bari
intego yibanze ku murimo we. Isiraheli mu gihe cya Yesu bari abantu bihugiraho.
Abanyantegenke n'abakandamijwe nta bushobozi bafite bwo kuzamura imibereho yabo
kandi bari bategereje cyane cyane ubutumwa buvuga ngo "ubwami bw'Imana buri hafi‖
(Luka 10: 9). Ubu ni ubutumwa tugomba kugeza kubari hafi ndetse n’aba kure. Hariho
abantu bakeneye cyane kubyumva. Ndetse no mu bihugu bikize ugereranije usanga
bakeneye ijambo ry’ihumure. Abakristo bagomba gukurikiza urugero rwa Yesu bakazana
ubutumwa bwiza bw'agakiza ku bakene mu mwuka n'abatishoboye. Ubwami bw'Imana buri
hafi kandi igihe kigenda kiba kigufi buri munsi.

YOHANA
Umwanditsi: Yohana 21: 20-24 asobanura uwanditse ubutumwa bwiza bwa Yohana nk
'―umwigishwa Yesu yakundaga,‖ birumvikana neza ko ari Yohani Intumwa, umwe mu
bahungu ba Zebedayo (Luka 5) : 10).

Itariki cyandikiweho: bamaze Kuvumbura uduce tumwe na tumwe twa papirusi

twanditsweho ubutumwa bwiza bwa Yohana ahagana mu mwaka wa 135 N.K bisaba ko
ubutumwa bwiza bwa Yohana, bukopororwa, kandi bukwirakwizwa mbere yicyo gihe.
Kandi, ni mu gihe bamwe batekereza ko bwanditswe mbere yuko Yerusalemu isenywa (70
N.K), hagati ya 85-90 N.K nicyo gihe cyemewe cyo kwandikwa k’ubutumwa bwiza bwa
Yohana.

Intego yo Kwandika: Umwanditsi avuga intego y'ubutumwa bwiza bwa Yohana mu buryo
bukurikira: “Ariko ibi byanditswe kugira ngo wemere ko Yesu ari Kristo, Umwana
w'Imana, kandi ko kwizera ko uwizera abonera ubugingo mu izina rye” (Yohana
20:31). Bitandukanye N'ubutumwa Bwiza Butatu Bubanza Bwa Sinoptike, intego ya
Yohana ntabwo ari iyo kwerekana amateka akurikirana ubuzima bwa Kristo ahubwo ni
ukugaragaza ubumana bwe.

Yohana yashatse gushimangira kwizera kw'abizera bo mu gisekuru cya kabiri no kuzanira

abandi kwizera, ariko kandi yashakaga gukosora inyigisho y'ibinyoma yakwirakwiriye mu
kinyejana cya mbere. Yohana yashimangiye ko Yesu Kristo ari ―Umwana w'Imana,‖ Imana
yuzuye n'umuntu wuzuye, bitandukanye n'inyigisho y'ibinyoma yigisha ―Kristo ari
umwuka‖ waje kuri Yesu w'umuntu igihe yabatizwaga akamusiga ku musaraba mu gihe
yabambwaga.
Imirongo fatizo: ―mbere na mbere hariho Jambo, Jambo uwo yahoranye n’Imana, kandi
Jambo uwo yari Imana…… jambo ahinduka umuntu, abana natwe, maze tubona icyubahiro
cye, icyubahiro nk’icy umwana umwe rukumbi wa Data, wuzuye ubuntu n’ukuri‖ (Yohana
1: 1, 14).
―Bukeye, Yohana abona Yesu aje amusanga, ati: 'Dore! Ntama w'intama w'Imana ukuraho
ibyaha by’abari 'isi! '‖ (Yohana 1:29).

Yohana 3:16 ―Kuko Imana yakunze abari mu isi cyane byatumye itanga Umwana wayo
w'ikinege, kugira ngo umwizera wese atarimbuka ahubwo ahabwe ubugingo bw'iteka‖

Yohana 6:29 ―Yesu arabasubiza, arababwira ati: 'Uyu niwo murimo w'Imana, ko mwizera
uwo yohereje'‖

Yohana 10:10 ―Umujura ntazanwa n’ikindi uretse kwiba, no kwica, no kurimbura. Naje
kugira ngo bagire ubuzima, kandi barusheho kugira bwinshi‖

Yohana 10:28 ―Kandi nzabaha ubugingo bw'iteka, kandi ntibazigera barimbuka;

ntawuzabavuvunura mu kuboko kwanjye‖

Yohana 11: 25-26 ―Yesu aramubwira ati: 'ninjye kuzuka n’ubugingo. Unyizera, nubwo
yaba yarapfuye azabaho. Kandi umuntu wese uriho unyizera ntazigera apfa. Ibyo
urabyizera? '‖

Yohana 13:35 ―Ibyo ni byo byose bazamenya ko muri abigishwa banjye, niba mukundana‖

Yohana 14: 6 ―Yesu aramubwira ati: 'Ndi inzira, ukuri, n'ubuzima. Ntawe ujya kwa Data
keretse binyuze muri njye’

Yohana 14: 9 ―Yesu aramubwira ati: 'Nabanye nawe igihe kirekire, nyamara ntimuzi,
Filipo? Uwambonye yabonye Data; none ushobora kuvuga Ute, ―Utwereke Data‖? '‖

―Ubezeshe ukuri. Ijambo ryawe niko kuri ‖(Yohana 17:17). ―Yesu rero amaze kunywesha
vino ikarishye, yaravuze ati 'birarangiye!' Hanyuma arunama, areka umwuka we‖ (Yohana
19:30). ―Yesu aramubwira ati: 'Tomasi, kuko wambonye, wizeye. Hahirwa abatarabona
nyamara bakizera '‖(Yohana 20:29).

Incamake y’igitabo: Ubutumwa bwiza bwa Yohana bukubiyemo ibitangaza birindwi gusa
- Yohana abyita ―ibimenyetso‖ - kwerekana ubumana bwa Kristo no kwerekana umurimo
we. Bimwe muri ibyo bitangaza n’inkuru, nko kuzura Lazaro, tubisanga muri Yohana gusa.
Igitabo cye ni tewolojiya yo mu butumwa bwiza bune , kandi akenshi atanga impamvu
yibyabaye bivugwa mu yandi mavanjiri. Ubutumwa bwiza bwa Yohana bugaragaza byinshi
kubyerekeye umurimo wegereje wa Mwuka Wera nyuma yo kuzamuka kwa Yesu. Hariho
amagambo cyangwa interuro zimwe zitanga insanganyamatsiko igaruka mu butumwa bwiza
bwa Yohana: kwizera, guhamya, Umuhoza, ubuzima - urupfu, umucyo - umwijima,
n’urukundo. Ubutumwa bwiza bwa Yohana butangiza Yesu Kristo, atari ukuvuka kwe,
ahubwo kuva ―mu ntangiriro,‖ mbere yo kuremwa. Yohana yita Yesu ―Ijambo‖ (Logos),
nk'Imana ubwayo, yagize uruhare mu bintu byose byaremwe (Yohana 1: 1-3) nyuma akaza
kuba umubiri (umurongo wa 14) kugira ngo akureho ibyaha byacu nka Umwana w'intama
utagira inenge (umurongo wa 29). Ubutumwa bwiza bwa Yohana bukubiyemo ibiganiro
byinshi byo mu mwuka, nk'ikiganiro Yesu yagiranye n'Umusamariya umwereka ko ari
Mesiya (Yohana 4:26) no guhura kwa Yesu na Nikodemu bisobanura agakiza binyuze mu
rupfu rwe rutandukanye ku musaraba (Yohana 3: 14-16). Mu butumwa bwiza bwa Yohana,
Yesu yarakariye abayobozi b'Abayahudi kubakosora (Yohana 2: 13-16); gukira ku Isabato,
no kuvuga imico ni iy'Imana gusa (Yohana 5:18; 8: 56–59; 9: 6, 16; 10:33). Ibice icyenda
byanyuma byubutumwa bwiza bwa Yohana bivuga icyumweru cya nyuma cy’ubuzima bwa
Yesu. Yesu ategurira abigishwa be uko urupfu rwe ruzaza, ndetse n'umurimo wabo nyuma
yo kuzuka kwe no kuzamuka kwe (Yohana 14-17Yesu apfa abishaka ku musaraba mu
cyimbo cyacu (Yohana 10: 15-18), yishyura umwenda w'ibyaha byuzuye (Yohana 19:30)
kugirango nde uzamwizera wese azakizwe (Yohana 3: 14-16). Yesu yahise azuka mu
bapfuye, yemeza ndetse no gushidikanya cyane kw'abigishwa be ko ari Imana n'Umwigisha
(Yohana 20: 24-29).

Ihuzamasezeran ku gitabo: Ubutumwa bwiza bwa Yohana bwerekana Yesu nkImana yo mu

Isezerano rya Kera bugaragara cyane mu magambo arindwi ya ―Ndi‖ Yesu. Ni "Umugati
w'ubuzima" (Yohana 6:35),wibuke manu yatanzwe n'Imana kugirango igaburire ubugingo
bw’ubwoko bwayo, nkuko yatanze manu yo mwijuru yo kugaburira Abisiraheli mu butayu
(Kuva 16: 11-36). Yesu ni "Umucyo w'isi" (Yohana 8:12), Umucyo umwe Imana
yasezeranije ubwoko bwayo mu Isezerano rya Kera (Yesaya 30:26; 60: 19-22) kandi
uzabona indunduro yayo mu rishya. Yerusalemu igihe Kristo Ntama azaba umucyo wayo
(Ibyahishuwe 21:23). Babiri mu magambo ―Ndi―Umwungeri mwiza‖ n '―Urugi
rw'intama.‖ Hano haribisobanuro byeruye kuri Yesu nk’Imana yisezerano rya kera,
Umwungeri wa Isiraheli (Zaburi 23: 1; 80: 1; Yeremiya 31:10; Ezekiyeli 34:23) kandi,
nk’umuryango wonyine winjira mu kiraro cyintama, wenyine inzira y'agakiza. Abayahudi
bizeraga izuka kandi mu by’ukuri bakoresheje iyo nyigisho kugirango bagerageze gushuka
Yesu ngo bavuge amagambo bashobora kumurwanya. Ariko amagambo yavuze ku mva ya
Lazaro yabatangaje, “Ndi umuzuko n'ubuzima” (Yohana 11:25), agomba kuba
yarabatangaje. Yavugaga ko ariwe kuzuka kandi afite imbaraga z'ubuzima n'urupfu.
Ntawundi usibye Imana ubwayo yashoboraga gusaba ikintu nkicyo. Mu buryo nk'ubwo,
ibyo Yesu yavuze ko ari ―inzira, ukuri n'ubugingo” (Yohana 14: 6) byamuhuje mu buryo
budashidikanywaho n'Isezerano rya Kera. Iye ni ―Inzira Yera‖ yahanuwe muri Yesaya 35:
8; Yashinze Umujyi w'ukuri kwa Zekariya 8: 3 igihe yari i Yerusalemu kandi abwiriza
ukuri k'ubutumwa bwiza. Yesu yemeza ubumana bwe, kandi avuga ko atanga ubugingo,
ndetse ni Imana yigize umuntu (Yohana 1: 1-3; Itangiriro 2: 7). Hanyuma, nk '―Umuzabibu
w'ukuri‖ (Yohana 15: 1, 5), Yesu yishushanya n'ishyanga rya Isiraheli, bitwa uruzabibu rwa
Nyagasani mu bice byinshi byo mu Isezerano rya Kera. Nkumuzabibu wukuri w’uruzabibu
rwa Isiraheli, Yerekana ko ari Umwami w "Isiraheli nyakuri" - bose baza kumusanga bafite
kwizera (reba Abaroma 9: 6).

Gushyira mu bikorwa: (Yohana 3:16 birashoboka ko ariwo murongo wa Bibiliya uzwi

cyane) kandi ukoreshwa kenshi mu byigisho bya Bibiliya by'ivugabutumwa. Ubwo Yesu
yahuraga na Nikodemu n'umugore ku iriba (igice cya 3-4), twigira byinshi ku cyitegererezo
cya Yesu cyo kuvuga ubutumwa ku giti cye. Amagambo ahumuriza abigishwa be mbere
y'urupfu rwe (Yohana 14: 1-6, 16; 16:33) aracyahumuriza cyane mu bihe bibabaje. Yesu
"isengesho ry'abatambyi bakuru" kubizera mu gice cya 17 naryo soko ryiza ryo gutera
inkunga abizera. Inyigisho za Yohana zerekeye ubumana bwa Kristo (Yohana 1: 1–3, 14; 5:
22-23; 8:58; 14: 8-9; 20:28) zifasha mu gusaba imbabazi kandi zitanga ihishurwa ryuzuye
ryerekana Yesu uwo ari we. : Imana yuzuye numuntu wuzuye.

IBYAKOZWE N’INTUMWA
Umwanditsi: Igitabo cy'Ibyakozwe, na none cyitwa Ibyakozwe n'Intumwa, muri Luka 1: 1-
4 no mu Byakozwe 1: 1-3, tuzi ko umwanditsi umwe yanditse Luka n'Ibyakozwe
n'Intumwa. Iki itabo cyanditswe na Luka, mugenzi w'intumwa Pawulo, yanditse ibitabo
Luka n'Ibyakozwe (Abakolosayi 4:14; 2 Timoteyo 4:11).

Itariki yo cyandikiweho: Igitabo cy'Ibyakozwe n'Intumwa birashoboka ko cyanditswe

hagati ya 61 na 64 N.K. Intego yo Kwandika: Igitabo cy'Ibyakozwe n'Intumwa cyanditswe
kugira ngo gitange amateka y'itorero rya mbere. Ibyibandwaho mu gitabo ni isohozwa rya
Komisiyo Nkuru. Ibyakozwe byerekana intumwa kuba abahamya ba Kristo i Yerusalemu,
Yudaya, Samariya, ndetse n’isi yose. Igitabo cy'Ibyakozwe n'Intumwa kitwereka impano
y'Umwuka Wera, uha imbaraga, akayobora, akigisha, kandi akatubera Umujyanama. Iyo
dusomye igitabo cy'Ibyakozwe n'Intumwa, tumurikirwa kandi dushishikarizwa n'imbaraga
z'ubutumwa bwiza kuko bwakwirakwiriye ku isi yose kandi buhindura ubuzima. Ibitangaza
byinshi byakozwe muri iki gihe n’intumwa kugirango zemeze ubutumwa bwabo. Igitabo
cy'Ibyakozwe n'Intumwa gikubiyemo igihe cy'inzibacyuho hagati yo kuzamuka kwa Kristo.
kandi ibitangaza by'intumwa byari uburyo bw'Imana bwo kwemeza ubutumwa bwabwo
binyuze mu bantu banditse Bibiliya.
Imirongo y'ingenzi:
Ibyakozwe 1: 8: ―Icyakora muzahabwa imbaraga Umwuka Wera nabamanukira, kandi
muzaba abagabo bo kumpamya i Yerusalemu n'i Yudaya yose n'i Samariya, no kugeza ku
mpera y'isi. ‖
Ibyakozwe 2: 4: ―Bose buzuzwa Umwuka Wera, batangira kuvuga izindi ndimi nk'uko
Umwuka yabahaye kuzivuga.‖
Ibyakozwe 4:12: ―Kandi nta wundi agakiza kabonerwamo, kuko ari nta rindi zina munsi
y'ijuru ryahawe abantu, dukwiriye gukirizwamo.‖
Ibyakozwe 4: 19–20: ―Petero na Yohana barabasubiza bati ―Niba ari byiza imbere y'Imana
kubumvira kuruta Imana nimuhitemo, 20kuko tutabasha kwiyumanganya ngo tureke
kuvuga ibyo twabonye kandi twumvise.‖
Ibyakozwe 9: 3-6: ―Akigenda yenda gusohora i Damasiko, umucyo uramutungura uvuye
mu ijuru uramugota. Agwa hasi yumva ijwi rimubaza riti ―Sawuli, Sawuli, undenganiriza
iki?‖ Aramubaza ati ―Uri nde, Mwami?‖
Na we ati ―Ndi Yesu, uwo urenganya. Ariko haguruka ujye mu mudugudu, uzabwirwa ibyo
ukwiriye gukora.‖
Ibyakozwe 16:31: ―Baramusubiza bati ―Izere Umwami Yesu, urakira ubwawe n'abo mu
rugo rwawe.‖
Incamake y’igitabo: Igitabo cy'Ibyakozwe n'Intumwa gitanga amateka y'itorero rya gikristo
no gukwirakwiza ubutumwa bwiza bwa Yesu Kristo, ndetse n’uko kuburwanya byiyongera.
Nubwo abakozi benshi bizerwa bakoreshejwe mu kwamamaza no kwigisha ubutumwa
bwiza bwa Yesu Kristo, Sawuli, nanone witwaga Pawulo, niwe wari ukomeye cyane.
Mbere yuko ahinduka, Pawulo yatoteje abakristo abigiranye ishyaka. Ihinduka rikomeye
rya Pawulo mu nzira igana i Damasiko (Ibyakozwe 9: 1-31) ni ikintu cyaranze igitabo
cy'Ibyakozwe n'Intumwa. Amaze guhinduka, yagiye mu buryo bunyuranye bwo gukunda
Imana no kwamamaza Ijambo ryayo n'imbaraga n'imbaraga mu Mwuka w'Imana y'ukuri
kandi nzima. Abigishwa bahawe imbaraga n'Umwuka Wera ngo bamubere abahamya i
Yeruzalemu (Ibyakozwe 1-8: 3), muri Yudaya na Samariya (8: 4—12: 25), no ku mpera
z'isi (13: 1-28) : 31). Mu gice giheruka harimo ingendo eshatu z'ubumisiyonari za Pawulo
(13: 1—21: 16), ibigeragezo bye i Yerusalemu na Kayizariya (21: 17—26: 32) n'urugendo
rwe i Roma (27: 1—28: 31).
Ihuzamasezerano ku gitabo: Igitabo cy'Ibyakozwe n'Intumwa gikora nk'inzibacyuho kuva
mu Isezerano rya Kera tujya mu Rishya. Mbere na mbere Hasukwa mwuka wera
ugereranywa no gusigwa mavuta mu isezerano rya kera (Kubara 11:17), Otiniyeli
(Abacamanza 3: 8-10) , Gideyoni (Abacamanza 6:34), na Sawuli (1 Samweli 10: 6-10).
Nyuma yo gusubira mu ijuru kwa Kristo, Umwuka yaje gutura mu mitima y'abizera
(Abaroma 8: 9-11; 1 Abakorinto 3:16), abayobora kandi abaha imbaraga zivuye imbere.
Umwuka ubamo ni impano y'Imana kubaza kuri we mu kwizera. Guhinduka kwa Pawulo
mu Byakozwe n'Intumwa 9 ni urugero rutangaje rw'imbaraga z'Imana ku gakiza (reba
Abaroma 1:16) no gufungura amaso ahumye mu mwuka. Pawulo yemeye ko, mbere yo
guhura n'Umukiza wazutse, yari umunyamwete mwinshi mu Bisiraheli kandi ko yari
umwere "ku byerekeye gukiranuka gushingiye ku mategeko" (Abafilipi 3: 6), agera aho
atoteza abigisha agakiza ku buntu kubwo kwizera muri Kristo. Ariko, nyuma yo guhinduka
kwe, Pawulo yamenye ko imbaraga ze zose zemewe‖(Abafilipi 3: 8-9). Mbere yuko ahura
na Kristo, Pawulo yari yarahumwe amaso no gusobanura nabi amategeko kwa abafarisayo
hamwe no kwishingikiriza ku gukiranuka kwe kuzanwa n’amategeko. Amaze guhura na
Kristo, ―umunzani waguye mu maso ya Sawuli,‖ nk'uko byari bimeze (Ibyakozwe 9:18).
Kwirata ibyiza bye byasimbuwe no kwishimira kwe kumusaraba wa Yesu Kristo (Abaroma
3:27; Abagalatiya 6:14). Iyerekwa rya Petero ry’umwenda wuzuye inyamaswa zanduye mu
Byakozwe 10: 9-15 ni ikindi kimenyetso cyerekana ko kuva mu Isezerano rya Kera ukajya
mu Isezerano Rishya Imana yifuzaga ubumwe bw'Abayahudi n'Abanyamahanga mu Itorero
rimwe rusange. Inyamaswa "zanduye" mu iyerekwa rya Petero zagereranyaga
Abanyamahanga, bavugaga ko "bejejwe" n'Imana binyuze mu rupfu rw'igitambo cya Kristo.
Amategeko y'Isezerano rya Kera yari yarangije intego zayo (reba Abagalatiya 3: 23-29),
kandi Abayahudi n'Abanyamahanga bombi bahujwe mu Isezerano Rishya ry'ubuntu kubwo
kwizera urupfu n'izuka rya Kristo.

Gushyira mu bikorwa: Imana ikora ibintu bitangaje binyuze mu bantu basanzwe iyo ibaha
imbaraga kubwo Umwuka wayo. Igitabo cy'Ibyakozwe n'Intumwa cyerekana uburyo Imana
yafashe itsinda ry'abarobyi na rubanda rusanzwe maze ikarikoresha mu guhindura isi
(Ibyakozwe 17: 6). Imana yafashe umwicanyi wanga ubukristo imuhindura
umuvugabutumwa ukomeye wa gikristo, ndetse aba umwanditsi w’ibitabo hafi kimwe cya
kabiri cyibitabo byo mu Isezerano Rishya. Imana yakoresheje ibitotezo abakristo
bihanganiye kugirango ifashe gukangurira kwaguka bidasanzwe itorero rishya. Imana
ishobora kandi ikora nk'ibyo binyuze muri twe - guhindura imitima yacu, kuduha imbaraga
n'Umwuka Wera, no kuduha ishyaka ryo kwamamaza ubutumwa bwiza bw'agakiza binyuze
muri Kristo. Niba tugerageje gusohoza umurimo w'Imana mwisi mu bubasha bwacu,
tuzatsindwa. Kimwe n'abigishwa bo mu Byakozwe n'Intumwa 2, tugomba kwamamaza mu
budahemuka ubutumwa bwiza, kwiringira Imana ku bisubizo, no kwitangira ―inyigisho
z'intumwa no gusabana, kumanyagura imitsima no gusenga‖ (Ibyakozwe 2:42).

ABAROMA
Umwanditsi: Abaroma 1: 1 hagaragaza umwanditsi w'igitabo cy'Abaroma nk'intumwa
Pawulo. Abaroma 16:22 herekana ko Pawulo yakoresheje umugabo witwa Terutiyo
kugirango yandike amagambo ye.
Itariki Cyandikiwemo: Igitabo cy'Abaroma birashoboka ko cyanditswe Hagati ya 56-58
M.K.
Impamvu Cyanditswe: Kimwe n'inzandiko zose za Pawulo yandikiye amatorero, intego ye
mu kwandika kwari ukumenyekanisha Umwami Yesu Kristo, yigisha inyigisho kandi
yubaka akanakomeza gutera inkunga abizera bazakira ibaruwa ye. By'umwihariko Pawulo
yari ahangayikishijwe cyane n’abo yandikiye iyi baruwa - i Roma ―bakundwaga n'Imana
bagahamagarirwa kuba abera‖ (Abaroma 1: 7). Kubera ko we ubwe yari umuturage
w’Abaroma, yari afite ishyaka ridasanzwe kubari mu iteraniro ry’abizera i Roma. Kubera
ko, kugeza ubwo yandikaga Atari yarigeze asura itorero ry'i Roma, iyi baruwa nayo
yamubereye intangiriro.
Imirongo Fatizo:
Abaroma 1:16, ―Erega ubutumwa bwiza ntibunkoza isoni: kuko ar imbaraga y’Imana
ihesha uwizera wese gukizwa, uhereye ku muyuda ukageza ku mugiriki.‖
Abaroma 3: 9-12, ―Nuko tuvuge iki? Mbese turabaruta? Oya da habe na gato! Kuko
tumaze guhamya abayuda n’abagiriki ko bose batwarwa n’ibyaha nkuko byanditswe ngo
―Nta wukiranuka numwe ntawe umenya ntawe ushaka Imana, bose barayobye bahindutse
ibigwari ntawe ukora ibyiza n’umwe '‖
Abaroma 3:21, ―Ariko noneho hariho gukiranuka guturuka ku Mana kwahishuwe
kudaheshwa n’ amategeko, nubwo Amategeko n'ibyahanuwe aribyo biguhamya.‖
Abaroma 3:23: ―Kuko bose bakoze ibyaha ntibashyikira ubwiza bw'Imana.‖
Abaroma 5: 8, ―Ariko Imana yerekanye urukundo rwayo idukunda ubwo Kristo
yadupfiraga tukiri abanyabyaha‖
Abaroma 6:23, ―Kuko ibihembo by'ibyaha ari urupfu, ariko impano y'Imana ni ubugingo
buhoraho muri Kristo Yesu Umwami wacu.‖
Abaroma 8: 9, ―Ariko mwebwe ntimuyoborwa na kamere muri ab’Umwuka w’Imana niba
Umwuka aba muri mwe. Ariko umuntu wese utagira Umwuka wa Kristo ntaba ari uwe.‖
Abaroma 8:28: ―Kandi tuzi ko kubakunda Imana byose bifataniriza hamwe kubazanira
ibyiza, aribo bahamagawe nkuko yabigambiriye.‖
Abaroma 8: 37-39, ―Kuko menye neza ko naho rwaba urupfu, cyangwa ubugingo cyangwa
abamarayika cyangwa abategeka cyangwa ibiriho, cyangwa ibizaba cyangwa abafite
ubushobozi, cyangwa uburebure bwigihagararo cyangwa uburebure bw’ikijyepfo, cyangwa
ikindi cyaremwe cyose bitazabasha kudutandukanya n’urukundo rw’Imana ruri muri Kristo
Yesu Umwami wacu.‖
Abaroma 10: 9-10, ―Niwatuza akanwa kawe yuko Yesu Kristo ari Umwami ukizera mu
mutima wawe yuko Imana yamuzuye uzakizwa.‖
Abaroma 12: 1, ―Nuko bene Data ndabinginga kubw’imbabazi z’Imana ngo mutange
imibiri yanyu ibe ibitambo byera bizima bishimwa n’Imana ariko kuyikorera kwanyu
gukwiriye.‖
Abaroma 12:19, ―Bakundwa ntimwihoranire ahubwo mureke Imana ihoreshe uburakari
bwayo, kuko byanditswe ngo: ―Guhora ni ukwanjye ninjye uzitura niko Uwiteka avuga.‖

Abaroma 16:17, ―Ariko bene Data ndabinginga ngo mwirinde abazana ibyo gutandukanya,
n’ibigusha binyuranya n’ibyo mwize mubazibukire.‖
Inshamake y’igitabo: Pawulo yashimishijwe no kuba yarashoboye gukorera muri iri
torero, kandi abantu bose bari babizi neza (Abaroma 1: 8-15). Ibaruwa yandikiwe Abaroma
yandikiwe kuva i Korinto mbere gato y'urugendo rwa Pawulo i Yeruzalemu rwo gutanga
imfashanyo yari yahawe abakene baho. Yari afite umugambi wo kujya i Roma hanyuma
akajya muri Esupanye (Abaroma 15:24), ariko imigambi ye ntiyagezweho ahubwo yafatiwe
i Yerusalemu. Amaherezo yajyanywe i Roma ari imfungwa. Foyibe, wari umwe mu bari
bagize itorero i Kinkiliya hafi ya Korinto (Abaroma 16: 1), birashoboka cyane ko ariwe
wajyanye iyi baruwa i Roma.

Igitabo cy'Abaroma ni igitabo cy'inyigisho n’amahame ya gikiristo kandi gishobora

kugabanywamo ibice bine: (1)Gukiranuka kurakenewe, 1: 18–3: 20; (2) Uko gukiranuka
gutangwa, 3: 21–8: 39; (3)gukiranuka kugenderwamo , 9: 1–11: 36; (4) uko gukiranuka
gukurikizwa, 12: 1-15: 13. Insanganyamatsiko nyamukuru y’uru rwandiko iragaragara
birumvikana - gukiranuka. Pawulo ayobowe n'Umwuka Wera, yabanje gushinja abantu
bose ibyaha byabo. Yagaragaje icyifuzo cye cyo kwamamaza ukuri kw'Ijambo ry'Imana
kubari i Roma. Byari ibyiringiro bye ko baguma mu nzira nziza. Yerekana cyane ko
adaterwa isoni n'ubutumwa bwiza (Abaroma 1:16), kuko ari imbaraga z’Imana zizanira
abantu bose agakiza.
Igitabo cy'Abaroma kiratubwira ibyerekeye Imana, iyo ariyo n’icyo yakoze. kiratubwira
ibya Yesu Kristo, ibyo urupfu rwe rwagezeho. kiratubwira ibyacu ubwacu, uko twari
tumeze tutari kumwe na Kristo kandi abo turibo nyuma yo kwizera Kristo. Pawulo yerekana
ko Imana itigeze isaba abantu kugorora ubuzima bwabo mbere yo kuza kwa Kristo. Mugihe
twari tukiri abanyabyaha Kristo yapfiriye kumusaraba ku bw’ibyaha byacu.
Ihuzamasezerano Ku Gitabo: Pawulo akoresha abantu benshi bo mu Isezerano rya Kera
hamwe n’ibyabaye nk'ikigereranyo cy'ukuri guhebuje mu gitabo cy'Abaroma. Aburahamu
yarakiranukaga, gukiranuka kwe kwavuye mu kwizera aho kuba imirimo ye (Abaroma 4: 1-
5). Mu Baroma 4: 6-9, Pawulo yerekeza kuri Dawidi wongeye kuvuga amagambo ye ati :
―Hahirwa abababarirwa ibicumuro byabo, ibyaha byabo bikaba bitwikiriwe. Hahirwa
umuntu Uwiteka atabaraho gukiranuka. "Pawulo akoresha Adamu asobanurira Abanyaroma
inyigisho y'icyaha cy’inkomoko, kandi akoresha inkuru ya Sara na Isaka, umwana
w'isezerano, kugira ngo yerekane ihame ry'abakristo kuba abana b'isezerano ry'ubuntu
bw'Imana binyuze muri Kristo. Mu gice cya 9-11, Pawulo avuga amateka y’igihugu cya
Isiraheli kandi atangaza ko Imana itigeze yanga burundu Isiraheli (Abaroma 11: 11-12),
ariko yabemereye "gutsitara" gusa kugeza igihe umubare wuzuye w’abanyamahanga
uzazanwa mu gakiza.
Gushyira mu bikorwa: Igitabo cy'Abaroma cyerekana neza ko nta kintu na kimwe
dushobora gukora ngo twikize. Igikorwa cyose "cyiza" twigeze gukora ni nk'imyenda
yanduye imbere y'Imana. Nitwe Abishwe mu n'ibyaha byacu byaha rero kandi ubuntu
n'imbabazi z'Imana byonyine nibyo bishobora kudukiza. Imana yerekanye ubwo buntu
n'imbabazi igihe yoherezaga Umwana wayo, Yesu Kristo, gupfira ku musaraba mu cyimbo
cyacu. Iyo dushyize ubuzima bwacu muri Kristo, ntituba tugitegekwa na kamere yacu
y'icyaha, ahubwo tuyoborwa n'Umwuka. Niba twatuye ko Yesu ari Umwami, kandi tukizera
ko yazutse mu bapfuye, twakijijwe, twavutse ubwa kabiri. Tugomba kubaho ubuzima
bwatanzwe ku Mana nk’igitambo kizima kuri Yo. Kuramya Imana yadukijije bigomba kuba
icyifuzo cyacu cyo hejuru. Ahari uburyo bwiza bw'Abaroma bwaba ari ugukoresha
Abaroma 1:16 kandi ntukagire isoni z'ubutumwa bwiza. Ahubwo, reka twese tube abizerwa
mu kubitangaza!

1 ABAKORINTO
Umwanditsi: 1 Abakorinto 1: 1 hagaragaza umwanditsi w'igitabo cy'Abakorinto 1
nk'intumwa Pawulo.
Itariki Cyandikiwemo: Igitabo cy'Abakorinto 1 cyanditswe hafi 55 M.K
Impamvu Cyanditswe: Intumwa Pawulo yashinze itorero i Korinto. Nyuma yimyaka mike
avuye mu itorero, intumwa Pawulo yumvise inkuru zibabaje zerekeye itorero rya Korinto.
Bari bafite ubwibone kandi bitwaza ubusambanyi. Impano zo mu mwuka zakoreshwaga mu
buryo budakwiye, kandi habayeho kutumva neza inyigisho za gikristo. Intumwa Pawulo
yanditse ibaruwa ye ya mbere yandikiye Abanyakorinti agerageza kugarura itorero ry'i
Korinto ku rufatiro rwa Yesu Kristo.
Imirongo Fatizo:
1 Abakorinto 3: 3: ―Kuko mukiri aba kamere. Ubwo muri mwe harimo ishyari n’amahane,
mbese ntimubaye aba kamere koko ntimugenza nk’abantu? ‖
1 Abakorinto 6: 19-20: ―Mbese Ntimuzi yuko imubiri yanyu ari insengero z'Umwuka
Wera, uri muri mwe, uwo mufite wvuye ku Mana? Kandi ntimuri abanyu ngo mwigenge
kuko mwaguzwe igiciro. Nuko rero mutume imibiri yanyu ihimbaza Imana‖
1 Abakorinto 10:31: ―Namwe iyo murya cyangwa munywa cyangwa mukora ikindi kintu
cyose. Mujye mukorera byose guhimbaza Imana.‖
1 Abakorinto 12: 7: ―Umuntu wese agahabwa ikimwerekanaho Umwuka kugirango bose
bafashwe.‖
1 Abakorinto 13: 4-7: ―Urukundo rurihangana rukagira neza, urukundo ntirugira ishyari,
urukundo ntirwirarira ntirwihimbaza, ntirukora ibiteye isoni ntirushaka ibyarwo,
ntiruhutiraho ntirutekereza ikibi ku bantu, ntirwishimira gukiranirwa kw’abandi ahubwo
rwishimira ukuri, rubabarira byose, rwizera byose, rwiringira byose, rwihanganira byose. ‖
1 Abakorinto 15: 3-4: ―Muzi ko nabanje kubaha ibyo nanjye nahawe kumenya, yuko
Kristo yapfiriye ibyaha byacu nkuko byari byaranditswe, agahambwa akazuka ku munsi wa
gatatu nkuko byari byaranditswe na none‖
Incamake y’igitabo: Itorero ry'i Korinto ryaranzwe n'amacakubiri. Abizera b’i Korinto
bigabanyijemo ibice bahemukira abayobozi bamwe na bamwe (1 Abakorinto 1:12; 3: 1-6).
Pawulo yashishikarije abizera b'i Korinto kwishyira hamwe kubera kwitangira Kristo (1
Abakorinto 3: 21-23). Inkuru yari yaramenyekanye ko ubusambanyi bwabonetse muribo (1
Abakorinto 5: 1-2). Pawulo yabategetse gushyira hanze y’itorero uwakoze ibyo agira ati:
―Mukure uwo munyabyaha muri mwe (1 Abakorinto 5:13). Abizera b'i Korinto bajyanaga
bagenzi babo mu rukiko (1 Abakorinto 6: 1-2). Pawulo yigishije Abakorinto ko byaba byiza
baciye izo manza kuruta kwangiza ubuhamya bwabo bwa gikristo (1 Abakorinto 6: 3-8).
Pawulo yahaye amabwiriza itorero ry'i Korinti amabwiriza yerekeye gushyingirwa no kuba
umuseribateri (igice cya 7), yavuze ku biryo byaterekerwaga ibigirwamana (igice cya 8
n'icya 10), umudendezo wa gikristo (igice cya 9), kwitwikira mu mutwe kw’ abagore (1
Abakorinto 11: 1-16), Ifunguro Ryera. (1 Abakorinto 11: 17-34), impano z'umwuka (igice
cya 12-14), n'izuka (igice cya 15). Pawulo yateguye igitabo cy'Abakorinto 1 asubiza ibibazo
abizera b'i Korinto bamubajije no gusubiza imyitwarire idakwiye n'imyizerere itari iyo
bemeye.
Ihuzamasezerano Ku Gitabo: Mu gice cya 10 cy'igitabo cy'Abakorinto 1, Pawulo
yakoresheje inkuru y'Abisiraheli bazerera mu butayu kugira ngo yereke abizera b'i Korinto
ubupfapfa bwo gukoresha nabi umudendezo ndetse n'akaga ko kwigirira icyizere mu
makosa. Pawulo amaze kuburira Abakorinto kubijyanye no kutifata (1 Abakorinto 9: 24-
27). Yakomeje asobanura ko Abisiraheli, nubwo babonye ibitangaza by'Imana no kubitaho
kwayo - gutandukana kw'Inyanja Itukura, igitangaza cya manu ivuye mu ijuru n'amazi ava
mu rutare - bakoresheje nabi umudendezo wabo, bigomeka ku Mana, baragwa.
Kwiyandarika no gusenga ibigirwamana. Pawulo ashishikariza itorero ry'i Korinti
kwitondera urugero rw'Abisiraheli kandi bakirinda irari n'ubusambanyi (umurongo wa 6-8)
no kugerageza Kristo no kwitotomba (umur. 9-10). Reba Kubara 11: 4, 34, 25: 1-9; Kuva
16: 2, 17: 2, 7.
Gushyira mu bikorwa: Ibibazo byinshi itorero rya Korinto ryakemuye biracyahari mu
itorero ryo mu gihe cyacu. Amatorero muri iki gihe aracyahanganye n'amacakubiri,
n'ubusambanyi, no gukoresha impano z'umwuka. Igitabo cy'Abakorinto cyashoboraga
kwandikirwa itorero uyu munsi kandi byaba byiza twumviye umuburo wa Pawulo
tukabishyira kuri twe ubwacu. Nubwo bahuguwe kandi tugakosorwa, 1 Abakorinto
bagarura ibitekerezo byacu aho bigomba kuba - kuri Kristo. Urukundo nyarwo rwa gikristo
ni igisubizo cy’ibibazo byinshi (igice cya 13). Gusobanukirwa neza izuka rya Kristo, nkuko
byagaragaye mu gice cya 15, bityo tukumva neza izuka ryacu, niwo muti wibidutandukanya
kandi bidutsinda.

2 ABAKORINTO
Umwanditsi: 2 Abakorinto 1: 1 hagaragaza umwanditsi w'igitabo cy'Abakorinto 2
nk'intumwa Pawulo, bishoboka ko yari kumwe na Timoteyo.
Itariki Cyandikiwemo: Igitabo cy'Abakorinto 2 birashoboka cyane ko cyanditswe ahagana
hagati mu mwaka wa 55-57M.K.
Impamvu Cyanditswe: Itorero ry'i Korinto ryatangiye muri 52 M.K igihe Pawulo
yajyagayo mu rugendo rwe rwa kabiri rw'ubumisiyonari. Yahamaze umwaka umwe n’igice,
akora byinshi kubw’ubutumwa bwiza. Inyandiko y'uru ruzinduko no gushinga itorero
tuyisanga mu Byakozwe 18: 1-18.

Mu ibaruwa ya kabiri yandikiye Abakorinto, Pawulo agaragaza ihumure n'ibyishimo by'uko

Abakorinto bakiriye ibaruwa ye ―ikomeye‖ mu buryo bwiza. (iyo baruwa ntayo dufite
yaratakaye) Urwo rwandiko rw’ibanze ku bibazo byasenyaga itorero, cyane cyane ukuza
kw'intumwa ziyita z’ibinyoma (2 Abakorinto 11:13) zanengaga imico ya Pawulo, zikabiba
umwiryane mu bizera, kandi zikigisha inyigisho z'ibinyoma. Basa nkaho bibajije ukuri kwe
(2 Abakorinto 1: 15-17), ubushobozi bwe bwo kuvuga (2 Abakorinto 10:10; 11: 6), no kuba
adashaka kwemera inkunga y'itorero ry'i Korinto (2 Abakorinto 11: 7–) 9; 12:13). Hariho
kandi abantu bamwe b'i Korinto batigeze bihana imyitwarire yabo mibi, iyo niyo mpamvu
yohereje ibaruwa "iyindi baruwa" (2 Abakorinto 12: 20-21).
Pawulo yishimiye cyane kwigira kuri Tito ko benshi mu Bakorinto bihannye kwigomeka
kuri Pawulo (2 Abakorinto 2: 12–13; 7: 5-9). Intumwa ibashishikariza kubwibyo mu
kwerekana urukundo rwe nyarwo (2 Abakorinto 7: 3-16). Pawulo yasabye kandi
Abanyakorinti kurangiza gukusanya amaturo y'abakene (igice cya 8-9) no gufata icyemezo
gikomeye ku bagisha b'ibinyoma (igice cya 10-13). Hanyuma, Pawulo yashoje yemeza ko
ari intumwa ya Kristo, kuko bamwe mu itorero bashidikanyaga ubutware bwe (2
Abakorinto 13: 3).
Imirongo Fatizo:
2 Abakorinto 3: 5: ―Si uko twihagije ubwacu ngo dutekereze ikintu cyose nkaho aritwe
cyaturutseho, ahubwo tubashishwa n’Imana.‖
2 Abakorinto 3:18: ―Ariko twebwe twese ubwo tureba ubwiza bw’Umwami tubureba nko
mu ndorerwamo mu maso yacu hadatwikiriye, duhindurirwa gusa nawe tugahabwa ubwiza
burusha ubundi kuba bwiza nk’ubw’Umwami w’Umwuka.‖
2 Abakorinto 5:17: "Umuntu wese iyo ari muri Kristo Yesu aba ari icyaremwe gishya
ibyakera biba bishize!"
2 Abakorinto 5:21: "Kuko utigeze kumenya icyaha Imana yamuhinduye kuba icyaha ku
bwacu."
2 Abakorinto 10: 5: "Dukubita hasi impaka n’ikintu cyose kishyiriye hejuru kurwanya
kumenya Imana. Dufata mpiri ibitekerezwa mu mitima byose ngo tubigomorere Kristo"
2 Abakorinto 13: 4: "Kuko integer nke zateye ko abambwa, ariko none, arho
kubw’imbaraga z’Imana izerekanira muri mwe."

Inshamake y’igitabo: Nyuma yo gusuhuza abizera mu itorero ry'i Korinto no gusobanura

impamvu atabasuye nkuko byari byateganijwe mbere (umurongo wa 1: 3-2: 2), Pawulo
asobanura imiterere y’umurimo we. Intsinzi binyuze muri Kristo n'umurava imbere y'Imana
nibyo byaranze umurimo we mu matorero (2: 14-17). Agereranya umurimo uhebuje wo
gukiranuka kwa Kristo n '―umurimo wo gucirwaho iteka‖ ariryo tegeko (umurongo wa 3: 9)
kandi atangaza ko yizera ko umurimo we ufite agaciro nubwo atotezwa bikabije (4: 8-18) .
Igice cya 5 cyerekana ishingiro ry’ukwizera kwa gikristo - kamere nshya (umurongo wa 17)
no guhana ibyaha byacu kubwo gukiranuka kwa Kristo (umurongo wa 21).
Igice cya 6 n'icya 7 Pawulo asobanura umurimo we, yizeza Abakorinto ko yongeye
kubakunda abikuye ku mutima kandi abashishikariza kwihana kwera mu ngeso zabo. Mu
gice cya 8 n'icya 9, Pawulo ashishikariza abizera b'i Korinto gukurikiza ingero
z'abavandimwe bo muri Makedoniya no gufaha abera bakeneye ubufasha. Arabigisha
amahame n'ibihembo byo gutanga ku buntu.
Pawulo asoza ibaruwa ye atsindagira ubutware bwe muri bo (igice cya 10) kandi
ahangayikishijwe n’ ingaruka z’'ubudahemuka bwe imbere y'intumwa z'ibinyoma. Yiyita
"umuswa" kubera ko atagomba kwirata ku bushake bwe n'ububabare bwe kuri Kristo (igice
cya 11). Asoza ibaruwa ye asobanura iyerekwa ryo mw’ijuru yemerewe kwibonera n
'―igishakwe cyo mu ubiri we‖ yahawe n'Imana kugirango yicishe bugufi (igice cya 12).
Igice cya nyuma gikubiyemo ibyo yahamagariye Abakorinto kwisuzuma kugira ngo barebe
niba ibyo bavuga ari ukuri, kandi byuje umugisha w'urukundo n'amahoro.

Ihuzamasezerano Ku Gitabo: Mu nzandiko ze zose, Pawulo yakunze kuvuga ku

mategeko ya Mose, ayagereranya n'ubukuru buhebuje bw'ubutumwa bwiza bwa Yesu
Kristo n'agakiza ku buntu. Mu 2 Abakorinto 3: 4-11, Pawulo agereranya amategeko yo mu
Isezerano rya Kera n'isezerano rishya ry'ubuntu, avuga ko amategeko ―yica‖ mu gihe
Umwuka atanga ubugingo. Amategeko ni "umurimo w'urupfu, wanditswe ku mabuye"
(umurongo wa 7; Kuva 24:12) kuko azana ubumenyi bw'icyaha no gucirwaho
iteka.umumaro w’amategeko ni uko yerekana ubwiza bw'Imana, ariko umurimo
w’Umwuka ni mwiza cyane kuruta umurimo w’amategeko, kuko ugaragaza imbabazi zayo,
ubuntu n’urukundo rwayo mu gutanga Kristo akuzuza amategeko.
Gushyira mu bikorwa: Uru rwandiko ruratubwira byinshi kuri Pawulo nk’umuntu
n’umukozi utapfa kugereranya n’abandi. Dushingiye kuri iyi baruwa hari ibintu bike
dushobora gukura muriyo tugakoresha mu buzima bwacu uyu munsi. Ikintu kimwe ni
ukuba igisonga, atari ku mafaranga gusa, ahubwo tugatanga n’igihe cyacu ngo dusohoze
umuhamagaro wacu. Yavuze ku banyamakedoniya ati: ―icyakora ntibagenje nkuko
twibwiraga ka bazagenza ahubwo babanje kwitanga ubwabo, biha Umwami wacu kandi
biha natwe nkuko Imana yashatse (2 Abakorinto 8: 5). Muri ubwo buryo nyine, ntidukwiye
kwegurira Umwami ibyo dufite gusa ahubwo n'icyo turicyo cyose. Ntabwo rwose akeneye
amafaranga yacu. Ashoborabyose! Ashaka umutima, wifuza kumukorera no kumushimisha
no kumukunda. Ubusonga no guha Imana birenze amafaranga. Nibyo, Imana ishaka icya
cumi cy’ibyo twinjiza, kandi idusezeranya kuduha imigisha mugihe tuyihaye. Hariho
byinshi ariko. Imana ishaka 100%. Irashaka ko tuyiha ibyacu byose. Ibintu byose turimo.
Tugomba kumara ubuzima bwacu bwose, igihe dukorera Data. Ntidukwiye guha Imana
gusa umushahara wacu, ahubwo ubuzima bwacu bugomba kuba uwambere, Tugomba
kwiha mbere Umwami, hanyuma tugaha itorero n'umurimo w'umurimo wa Yesu Kristo.

ABAGARATIYA
Umwanditsi: Abagalatiya 1: 1 hagaragaza neza intumwa Pawulo nk’uwanditse ibaruwa
yandikiwe Abagalatiya.
Itariki Cyandikiwemo: Abagalatiya birashoboka ko aricyo gitabo cya mbere cy’Isezerano
Rishya cyanditswe, cyanditswe nyuma gato ya AD 49.
Impamvu Cyanditswe: Amatorero yo muri Galatiya yari agizwe n'abayahudi ndetse
n'abanyamahanga. Intego ya Pawulo mu kwandikira aya matorero kwari ukubemeza ibyo
kwizera, cyane cyane kubyerekeye gutsindishirizwa no kwizera kwonyine, aho kuba
imirimo itegetswe n’Amategeko ya Mose.
Urwandiko rw’Abagalatiya rwanditswe kubera ko amatorero yo muri ako karere yari afite
ikibazo cya tewolojiya. Ukuri kw'ingenzi ko gutsindishirizwa kubwo kwizera aho
gushingira ku bikorwa by'abantu kwamaganwaga n'Abayahudi - Abayahudi bemewe
n'amategeko bashimangiye ko abakristo bagomba kubahiriza Amategeko ya Mose.
By'umwihariko, Abayahudi bashimangiye gukebwa nk'igisabwa abanyamahanga bifuzaga
gukizwa. Mu yandi magambo, banza uhindukire idini rya kiyahudi, hanyuma wemererwe
kuba umukristo. Igihe Pawulo yamenyaga ko ubuyobe bwigishwaga mu matorero y'i
Galatiya, yateguye urwandiko rwo gushimangira umudendezo wacu muri Kristo no
kurwanya kugoreka ubutumwa bwiza byakorwaga n’abayahudi.
Imirongo Fatizo:
Abagalatiya 2:16: ―Nyamara tumenye yuko umuntu adatsindishirizwa n'imirimo itegetswe
n'amategeko, ahubwo atsindishirizwa no kwizera Yesu Kristo. Dore ndetse natwe twizeye
Kristo Yesu kugira ngo dutsindishirizwe no kumwizera, bitavuye ku mirimo itegetswe
n'amategeko kuko ari nta muntu uzatsindishirizwa n'imirimo itegetswe n'amategeko.‖
Abagalatiya 2:20: "Nabambanywe na Kristo ariko ndiho, nyamara si jye uriho, ahubwo ni
Kristo uriho muri jye. Ibyo nkora byose nkiriho mu mubiri, mbikoreshwa no kwizera
Umwana w'Imana wankunze akanyitangira.. "Abagalatiya 3:11: "Biragaragara yuko ari nta
muntu utsindishirizwa n'amategeko imbere y'Imana, kuko ukiranuka azabeshwaho no
kwizera..'"
Abagalatiya 4: 5-6: ―Ngo acungure abatwarwa na yo, biduheshe guhinduka abana b'Imana.
Kandi kuko muri abana bayo, ni cyo cyatumye Imana yohereza Umwuka w'Umwana wayo
mu mitima yacu avuga ati ―Aba, Data.‖ Abagalatiya 5: 22-23: ―Ariko rero imbuto
z'Umwuka ni urukundo n'ibyishimo n'amahoro, no kwihangana no kugira neza, n'ingeso
nziza no gukiranuka, no kugwa neza no kwirinda. Ibimeze bityo nta mategeko abihana.‖
Abagalatiya 6: 7: ―Ntimuyobe: Imana ntinegurizwa izuru, kuko ibyo umuntu abiba ari byo
azasarura. . ‖
Inshamake y’igitabo: Kuba twatsindishirijwe n'ubuntu kubwo kwizera bivuze ko dufite
umudendezo wo mu mwuka. Ntabwo turi mu bubata bw'amategeko y'Isezerano rya Kera.
Pawulo yamaganye byimazeyo umuntu wese wasuzugura ubuntu bw'Imana akagerageza
guhindura ubutumwa bwiza (Abagalatiya 1: 8-10). Atanga ibyangombwa by'intumwa
(Abagalatiya 1: 11-22: 14) kandi ashimangira ko gukiranuka kuzanwa na Kristo atari
imirimo itegetswe n'amategeko (Abagalatiya 2:21). Abagalatiya bagombaga kwihagararaho
mu bwisanzure bwabo kandi ntibongere "kwemera amategeko abasubiza mu bucakara (ni
ukuvuga amategeko ya Mose)" (Abagalatiya 5: 1). Ubwisanzure bwa gikristo ntabwo ari
urwitwazo rwo gushimisha kamere y’icyaha; ahubwo, umudendezo wacu ni amahirwe yo
gukundana (Abagalatiya 5:13; 6: 7-10). Ubuzima bwa gikristo bugomba kubaho mu
bubasha bw’Umwuka, ntabwo ari umubiri (Abagalatiya 5: 16-18). Umubiri wabambanwe
na Kristo (Abagalatiya 2:20); kubw’iyo mpamvu, Umwuka akomeza kwera imbuto ze mu
buzima bw’umwizera (Abagalatiya 5: 22-23).
Amaherezo, ikibazo ntabwo ari ukumenya niba umuntu yarakebwe ahubwo ni ukumenya
niba yarabaye "icyaremwe gishya" (Abagalatiya 6:15). Agakiza ni igikorwa cy’Umwuka,
kandi tugomba kuvuka ubwa kabiri (reba Yohana 3: 3). Imihango y'idini yo hanze nko
gukebwa nta gaciro ifite mu bice by’Umwuka.
Ihuzamasezerano Ku Gitabo: Mu ibaruwa ya Pawulo yandikiye Abagalatiya, ubuntu
bukiza-impano y'Imana - bufatanije n'amategeko ya Mose, adashobora gukiza. Abayahudi
basabye gusubira mu Mategeko ya Mose nk'isoko yo gutsindishirizwa, kandi bari bakomeye
mu itorero rya mbere. Ndetse na Petero yinjijwe by'agateganyo mu rubuga rwabo
rw'uburiganya (Abagalatiya 2: 11–13). Insanganyamatsiko ku Mategeko n'ubuntu: kuba
Amategeko adashobora gutsindishiriza (2:16); urupfu rw'umwizera ku Mategeko (2:19);
Gutsindishirizwa kwa Aburahamu kubwo kwizera (3: 6); kumenya kandi ko Amategeko
atazana agakiza k'Imana ahubwo ni uburakari bwayo (3:10); n'urukundo nk'isohozwa
ry'Amategeko (5:14). Abizera ni abana b'umwuka ba Sara, ntabwo ari Hagari - ni ukuvuga
ko turi abana b'umugore wigenga, ntabwo turi abana b'umugaragu; dufite byinshi
duhuriyeho na Isaka, umuhungu w’amasezerano, kuruta Ishimayeli, umuhungu w’imbaraga
z’abantu (4: 21-31).
Igitabo cy'Abagalatiya na Yakobo nabyo bivuga ku bintu bibiri byuzuzanya mu bukristo.
Abagalatiya berekana ubutumwa bwiza bw'ubuntu butanga ubugingo bukiranuka
(Abagalatiya 3: 13-14). Yakobo yerekana imibereho ishorewe no kwizera. Nta kudahuza
kuri muri ibi bitabo bombi kuko; Yakobo, na we ashimangira ivuka rishya binyuze mu
butumwa bwiza (Yakobo 1:18), ibice bibiri bisoza igitabo bigaragaza,uko twashyira mu
bikorwa inyigisho yo gukizwa n’ubuntu kubwo kwizera.
Gushyira mu bikorwa: Imwe mu nsanganyamatsiko z'ingenzi z'igitabo cy'Abagalatiya
tuyisanga muri 3:11: ―Abakiranutsi bazabeshwaho no kwizera.‖ Tugomba guhagarara
dushikamye muri uku kuri. Gutandukana kwose n’amategeko cyangwa kuvanga imbaraga
z’abantu n’ubuntu bw’Imana twibwira ko aribyo bidukiza biganisha kubuyobe. Niba
dushobora gukizwa kubwo gukurikiza Amategeko, Yesu ntiyari akeneye gupfa
(Abagalatiya 2:21). Kugerageza kwikiza bivanaho ubuntu.
Ntabwo twakijijwe gusa no kwizera ngo twidamararire (Yohana 3:16; Abefeso 2: 8-9),
ahubwo ubuzima bw'uwizera Kristo - umunsi ku wundi, umwanya ku wundi - bubaho kandi
binyuze muri uko kwizera (Abagalatiya 2:20) ). Ntabwo kwizera ko ari ikintu twibwira
ubwacu - ni impano y'Imana, ntabwo ari imirimo (reba Abefeso 2: 8-9) - ariko ni
inshingano zacu n'umunezero kwerekana kwizera kwacu kugirango abandi babone
umurimo ya Kristo muri twe no gukura mu kwizera kwacu dukoresheje imyitozo yo mu
mwuka (kwiga Bibiliya, gusenga, kumvira, nibindi).
Yesu yavuze ko tuzamenyekana n'imbuto z'ubuzima bwacu (Matayo 7:16), bigomba
gutanga gihamya y'ukwemera muri twe. Abakristo bose bagomba kugira umwete wo
guharanira gushingira ku kwizera gukiza muri twe kugira ngo ubuzima bwacu bugaragaze
Kristo abandi ―bahimbaze So uri mu ijuru‖ (Matayo 5:16,).

ABEFESO
Umwanditsi: Abefeso 1: 1 hagaragaza umwanditsi w'igitabo cy'Abefeso nk'intumwa
Pawulo.
Itariki Cyandikiwemo: Igitabo cy'Abefeso birashoboka cyane ko cyanditswe hagati ya 60-
63.
Impamvu Cyanditswe: Pawulo yashakaga ko abantu bose bifuza gukura bashaka kugera
ku kigero cya Kristo bazahabwa iyi nyandiko. Bikubiye mu gitabo cy'Abefeso ni ubumenyi
bukenewe kugira ngo dukure mu bana b'Imana b'ukuri. Byongeye kandi, urwandiko
rw’Abefeso buzafasha gukomera no gushimangira abizera kugira ngo bashobore gusohoza
intego n’umuhamagaro w’Imana yatanze. Uru rwandiko rukubiyemo inyigisho z’ingenzi ku
itorero rikuze. rutanga ibitekerezo byuzuye kuri Kristo n’umurimo we mu kutugezaho
imigisha yo mu buryo bw’Umwuka.
Imirongo Fatizo:
Abefeso 1: 3: "Imana y'Umwami wacu Yesu Kristo, ari yo na Se ishimwe, kuko yaduhereye
muri Kristo imigisha yose y'umwuka yo mu ijuru,."
Abefeso 2: 8-10: "Mwakijijwe n'ubuntu ku bwo kwizera, ntibyavuye kuri mwe ahubwo ni
impano y'Imana. Ntibyavuye no ku mirimo kugira ngo hatagira umuntu wirarira, kuko turi
abo yaremye ituremeye imirimo myiza muri Kristo Yesu, iyo Imana yiteguriye kera kugira
ngo tuyigenderemo. "
Abefeso 4: 4-6: "Hariho umubiri umwe n'Umwuka umwe, nk'uko mwahamagariwe
ikiringiro kimwe cyo guhamagarwa kwanyu. 5Hariho Umwami umwe no kwizera kumwe
n'umubatizo umwe, 6hariho Imana imwe ari yo Data wa twese udusumba twese, uri hagati
yacu twese kandi uturimo twese. "

Abefeso 5:21: ―Kandi mugandukirane ku bwo kūbaha Kristo.‖

Abefeso 6: 10-11: "Ibisigaye mukomerere mu Mwami no mu mbaraga z'ubushobozi bwe

bwinshi. Mwambare intwaro zose z'Imana, kugira ngo mubashe guhagarara mudatsinzwe
n'uburiganya bwa Satani."

Inshamake y’igitabo: Inyigisho zifata igice kinini cy’igitabo cy’Abefeso. Kimwe cya
kabiri cy'inyigisho ziri muri uru rwandiko zijyanye no guhagarara kwacu muri Kristo, naho
ibindi bisigaye bigira ingaruka ku miterere yacu. Kenshi na kenshi abigisha muri iki gitabo
barenga ku nyigisho zose zifatizo bakajya mu gice gisoza. Iki gice nicyo gishimangira
intambara cyangwa urugamba rw’abizera. Ariko, kugirango wunguke byimazeyo ibikubiye
muri uru rwandiko, umuntu agomba gutangirira mu ntangiriro inyigisho za Pawulo muriyi
baruwa.
Ubwa mbere, nk'abayoboke ba Kristo, tugomba gusobanukirwa abo turibo mu maso
y’Imana. Tugomba kandi gushingira imizi ku bumenyi bw’ibyo Imana yagejeje ku bantu
bose. Tugomba gukomera ku buryo tutazahindishwa umushyitsi n’abantu yewe n’inyigisho
zabo zose.

Inyandiko ya Pawulo igabanyijemo ibice bitatu by'ingenzi. (1) Igice cya mbere kugeza ku
cya gatatu byerekana amahame yerekeye ibyo Imana yagezeho. (2) Igice cya kane n'icya
gatanu byerekana amahame yerekeye kubaho kwacu ubu. (3) Igice cya gatandatu cyerekana
amahame yerekeye urugamba rwacu rwa buri munsi.
Ihuzamasezerano ku gitabo: Isano y'ibanze y'Isezerano rya Kera mu Befeso iri mu
gitekerezo gitangaje (ku Bayahudi) cy'itorero nk'umubiri wa Kristo (Abefeso 5:32). Iri
banga ritangaje (ukuri kutigeze guhishurwa) kw'itorero, ni uko "Abanyamahanga ari
abaragwa hamwe na Isiraheli, ingingo z'umubiri umwe, kandi basangiye amasezerano yose
muri Kristo Yesu" (Abefeso 3: 6). Iri ryari amayobera yihishe rwose abera bo mu Isezerano
rya Kera (Abefeso 3: 5, 9). Abisiraheli bari abayoboke nyabo b'Imana bahoraga bizera ko
bonyine aribo bwoko bwatoranijwe n'Imana (Gutegeka 7: 6). Kwemera Abanyamahanga ku
buryo bungana n’abisiraheri byari bigoye cyane kandi byateje amakimbirane menshi mu
bizera b'Abayahudi n'Abanyamahanga bahindutse. Pawulo avuga kandi ku ibanga ry'itorero
nk '―umugeni wa Kristo,‖ igitekerezo cyari kitarigeze kibaho mu Isezerano rya Kera.
Gushyira mu bikorwa: Ahari kuruta ikindi gitabo icyo ari cyo cyose cya Bibiliya, Igitabo
cy'Abefeso gishimangira isano iri hagati y'inyigisho nziza n'imikorere iboneye mu buzima
bwa gikristo. Abantu benshi cyane birengagiza "tewolojiya" ahubwo bashaka kuganira gusa
kubintu "bifatika." Mu Befeso, Pawulo avuga ko tewolojiya ari ingirakamaro. Kugirango
tubeho ubushake bw'Imana kuri twe mu buzima bwacu, tugomba mbere na mbere
gusobanukirwa abo turi bo muri Kristo mu byigisho.

ABAFILIPI
Umwanditsi: Abafilipi 1: 1 hagaragaza umwanditsi w'igitabo cy'Abafilipi nk'intumwa
Pawulo, bishoboka ko yari kumwe na Timoteyo.
Itariki Cyandikiwemo: Igitabo cy'Abafilipi cyanditswe ahagana mu mwaka wa 61 N.K.

Impamvu Cyanditswe: Ibaruwa yandikiwe Abafilipi, ni imwe mu nzandiko Pawulo

yanditse ari muri gereza, yandikiwe i Roma aho Pawulo yari afungiwe. I Filipi ni itorero
intumwa Pawulo yashinze mu rugendo rwe rwa kabiri rw'ubumisiyonari, (Ibyakozwe
16:12), ni bwo Lidiya umugore w’umucuruzi w’imyenda n’umurinzi wa gereza
n’umuryango we bakiriye Yesu. Noneho, nyuma y’imyaka mike, itorero ryarashinzwe,
kandi nkuko tubibona ryarimo "abasenyeri (abasaza) n'abadiyakoni" (Abafilipi 1: 1).
Ikigendererwa cy’uru rwandiko kwari ukwemera impano y'amafaranga yaturutse mu itorero
ry'i Filipi, yazanywe n'intumwa Epafurodito, umwe mu bayoboke bayo (Abafilipi 4: 10-18).
Iyi ni ibaruwa yuzuye itsinda ry’abakristu bari hafi y’umutima wa Pawulo (2 Abakorinto 8:
1-6), kandi ugereranije ni bike bivugwa kubyerekeye amakosa y’inyigisho muri iryo torero .
Imirongo Fatizo:
Abafilipi 1:21: ―Erega ku bwanjye kubaho ni Kristo, kandi gupfa kumbereye inyungu!.‖
Abafilipi 3: 7: "Nyamara ibyari indamu yanjye nabitekereje ko ari igihombo ku bwa
Kristo"
Abafilipi 4: 4: ―Mujye mwishimira mu Mwami wacu iminsi yose. Yewe, nongeye
kubivuga nti ―Mwishime!‖
Abafilipi 4: 6-7: ―Ntimukagire icyo mwiganyira, ahubwo ibyo mushaka byose bimenywe
n'Imana mubisabiye, mubyingingiye, mushima. Nuko amahoro y'Imana ahebuje rwose ayo
umuntu yamenya, azarindire imitima yanyu n'ibyo mwibwira muri Kristo Yesu. ‖
Abafilipi 4:13: ―Nshobozwa byose na Kristo umpa imbaraga.‖
Inshamake y’igitabo: Abafilipi barashobora kwitwa "Imfashanyo ivuye ahakomeye" Igitabo
kivuga kuri Kristo mu buzima bwacu, Kristo mubitekerezo byacu, Kristo nk’intego yacu,
Kristo nk’imbaraga zacu, n’umunezero uvuye mu mibabaro. Byanditswe mu gihe Pawulo
yari afungiye i Roma, hashize imyaka igera kuri mirongo itatu Kristo azamutse kandi
hashize imyaka igera ku icumi Pawulo abwiriza i Filipi bwa mbere.

Pawulo yari imfungwa ya Nero, nyamara mu ibaruwa ye ―Asaba ab’I Filipi kunezerwa,
kandi yishimira insinzi (Abafilipi 1: 4, 18, 25, 26; 2: 2, 28; Abafilipi 3: 1, 4: 1 , 4, 10).
Uburambe bwa gikristo bukwiye ni igikorwa, kidufasha guhangana n’uko imimerere yaba
imeze kose, y’ubuzima, kamere, n’ubwenge bwa Kristo utuye muri twe (Abafilipi 1: 6, 11;
2: 5, 13). Pawulo ararushaho kwigisha abafilipi kwicisha bugufi bagendeye kuri Kristo
ubwe 2: 5-11
Urwandiko rw’abafilipi twarucamo ibice bikurikira:
Intangiriro, 1: 1-7
I. Kristo Ubuzima bwa Gikristo: Kwishima mu mibabaro, 1: 8-30
II. Kristo Icyitegererezo cya Gikristo: Kwishimira umurimo muto, 2: 1-30
III. Kristo, Kwizera kwa Gikristo, Icyifuzo, n'Icyizere biha abakristo, 3: 1-21
IV. Imbaraga za Kristo ku mukristo: Kwishima Bitewe n'amaganya, 4: 1-9
Umwanzuro, 4: 10-23
Ihuzamasezerano mu gitabo: Kimwe no mu mabaruwa ye menshi, Pawulo yihanangirije
abizera bashya mu itorero rya Filipi kwirinda imyifatire y’amategeko yakomeje kugaragara
mu matorero ya mbere. Abayahudi rero bahujwe n’amategeko yo mu Isezerano rya Kera ku
buryo Abayahudi bahoraga bashyira imbaraga mu gusubira mu nyigisho z’agakiza
bakoresheje imirimo. Ariko Pawulo yongeye gushimangira ko agakiza ari ukwemera Kristo
wenyine kandi avuga ko Abayahudi ari ―imbwa‖ n '―abantu bakora ibibi.‖ By'umwihariko,
abanyamategeko bashimangiye ko abizera bashya muri Kristo bagomba gukomeza gukebwa
bakurikije ibisabwa n'Isezerano rya Kera (Itangiriro 17: 10-12; Abalewi 12: 3). Muri ubwo
buryo, bagerageje gushimisha Imana ku bw'imbaraga zabo bwite no kwishyira hejuru
y'Abakristo b'Abanyamahanga batagize uruhare muri uwo muhango. Pawulo yasobanuye ko
abejejwe n'amaraso ya Kristo batagishoboye gukora umuhango wo gukebwa kuko
washushanyaga gukebwa ko mu mutima.
Gushyira mu bikorwa: Abafilipi ni imwe mu mabaruwa bwite ya Pawulo, kandi mu
ibaruwa afite ibyifuzo byinshi ku bizera. Pawulo yayanditse igihe yari afungiye i Roma,
ashishikariza Abafilipi gukurikiza urugero rwe kandi ―bashishikarizwa kuvugana ijambo
ry'Imana ubutwari kandi nta bwoba‖ (Abafilipi 1:14) mu gihe cy'ibitotezo. Abakristo bose
bahuye n’igihe kimwe cyangwa ikindi n’urwango rw’abatizera barwanya ubutumwa bwiza
bwa Kristo. Ibi ni ibyitezwe. Yesu yavuze ko isi yamwanze kandi izanga abayoboke be
(Yohana 15:18). Pawulo aradushishikariza kwihangana mu gihe cy'ibitotezo, ―guhagarara
dushikamye mu mwuka umwe, duharanira kuba umuntu umwe ku bw'ubutumwa bwiza‖
(Abafilipi 1:27).

Ikindi twakwigira ku bafilipi ni ngombwa ko abakristo bishyira hamwe bicisha bugufi.

Twunze ubumwe na Kristo kandi dukeneye kwihatira kunga ubumwe mu buryo bumwe.
Pawulo aratwibutsa "guhuza ibitekerezo, kugira urukundo rumwe, kuba umwe mu mwuka
no mu ntego" no gukuraho ubwibone no kwikunda, "musohoreshe umunezero wanjye
guhuriza imitima mu rukundo, mwibwira kumwe muhuje imitima. Ntimukagire icyo
mukorera kwirema ibice cyangwa kwifata uko mutari, ahubwo mwicishe bugufi mu
mitima, umuntu wese yibwire ko mugenzi we amuruta. Umuntu wese muri mwe areke
kwizirikana ubwe gusa, ahubwo azirikane n'abandi. (Abafiripi 2: 2-4). Muri iki gihe
hazaba amakimbirane make mu matorero niba twese twazirikanye inama za Pawulo.
Ikindi twakwigira ku bafilipi ni ibyishimo n'umunezero biboneka muri iyi baruwa .
Yishimira ko Kristo atangazwa (Abafilipi 1: 8); yishimira gutotezwa kwe (2:18);
ashishikariza abandi kwishimira Umwami (3: 1); kandi avuga abavandimwe b'Abafilipi nk
'―umunezero n'ikamba‖ (4: 1). Asoza muri make agira abizera inama agira ati: ―Ishimire
Uwiteka iteka; na none, ndavuga nti ―Nimwishime ‖(4: 4-7). ―Ntimukagire icyo
mwiganyira, ahubwo ibyo mushaka byose bimenywe n'Imana mubisabiye, mubyingingiye,
mushima. Nuko amahoro y'Imana ahebuje rwose ayo umuntu yamenya, azarindire imitima
yanyu n'ibyo mwibwira muri Kristo Yesu. Nk’abizera, turashobora kwishima no kwibonera
amahoro y’Imana niba "muri byose kubwo gusenga no kwinginga dushimira Imana reka
ibyo dusaba tubimenyeshe Imana" (4: 6). Ibyishimo bya Pawulo, nubwo gutotezwa no
gufungwa, bigaruka muri uru rwandiko, kandi twasezeranijwe umunezero nk'uwo yagize
igihe dushyira ibitekerezo byacu kuri Kristo (Abafilipi 4: 8).

ABAKOLOSAYI
Umwanditsi: Intumwa Pawulo niwe mwanditsi w’ibanze w'igitabo cy'Abakolosayi
(Abakolosayi 1: 1). Yari kumwe na Timoteyo ubwo yandikaga (Abakolosayi 1: 1).
Itariki Cyandikiwemo: Igitabo cy'Abakolosayi birashoboka ko cyanditswe hagati ya 58-
62.
Impamvu Cyanditswe: Igice cya mbere cy’igitabo cy’Abakolosayi ni igitabo cya
tewolojiya gikubiyemo kimwe mu bitekerezo byimbitse bya Kristologiya (Ubumenyi kuri
Kristo) aho ariho hose mu Isezerano Rishya. Igice cya kabiri ni amasomo mato mato,
yerekeye buri gice cy’ubuzima bwa gikristo. Pawulo akomeza yigisha kuva ku buzima bwa
buri muntu kugera mu rugo no mu muryango, kuva ku kazi kugeza mu buryo tugomba
gufata abandi. Insanganyamatsiko y'iki gitabo ni Ubwami bwa Yesu Kristo n’uburyo
ahagije mu guhaza ibyo dukeneye muri buri gice cy’ubuzima bwacu bwo mu isi.
Imirongo Fatizo:
Abakolosayi 1: 15-16, "Ni na we shusho y'Imana itaboneka, ni we mfura mu byaremwe
byose, kuko muri we ari mo byose byaremewe, ari ibyo mu ijuru cyangwa ibyo mu isi,
ibiboneka n'ibitaboneka, intebe z'ubwami n'ubwami bwose, n'ubutware bwose n'ubushobozi
bwose. Ni we wabiremye byose kandi rero ni na we byaremewe. Yabanjirije byose kandi
byose bibeshwaho na we.. "
Abakolosayi 2: 8, "Mwirinde, hatagira umuntu ubanyagisha ubwenge bw'abantu n'ibihendo
by'ubusa bikurikiza imihango y'abantu, iyo bahawe na ba sekuruza ho akarande, kandi
bigakurikiza imigenzereze ya mbere y'iby'isi bidakurikiza Kristo."
Abakolosayi 3: 12-13, "Nuko nk'uko bikwiriye intore z'Imana zera kandi zikundwa,
mwambare umutima w'imbabazi n'ineza, no kwicisha bugufi n'ubugwaneza no
kwihangana, 13 mwihanganirana kandi mubabarirana ibyaha, uko umuntu agize icyo apfa
n'undi. Nk'uko Umwami wacu yabababariye, abe ari ko namwe mubabarirana. "
Abakolosayi 4:5-6, "Mugendere mu bwenge ku byo mugirira abo hanze, mucunguze
uburyo umwete. Ijambo ryanyu rifatanye iteka n'ubuntu bw'Imana risīze umunyu, kugira
ngo mumenye uko mukwiriye gusubiza umuntu wese."
Inshamake y’igitabo: Urwandiko rw’Abakolosayi rwanditse mu buryo bweruye kugira
ngo batsinde ubuyobe bwari bwaravutse i Kolose, bubangamira kubaho kw'iryo torero.
Nubwo tutazi icyo babwiye Pawulo, ngo abone kubasubiza ibiri muri uru rwandiko iyi
baruwa ni igisubizo cye.
Turashobora gushishoza dushingiye ku gisubizo cya Pawulo ko yavugaga ku bitekerezo bya
Kristo (guhakana ubumuntu bwe nyabwo kandi butemera ubumana bwe bwuzuye). Pawulo
asa naho atavuga rumwe n’Abayahudi bashimangira gukebwa n'imigenzo (Abakolosayi 2:
8-11; 3:11). Ubuyobe buvugwa busa nkaho ari Abayahudi-Abaginositike cyangwa
uruvange hagati y’abayahudi b’abayahudi na filozofiya y'Abagereki (Stoic?) Arakora
umurimo udasanzwe mu kutwereka ibihamya bihagije bya Kristo.
Igitabo cy'Abakolosayi gikubiyemo inyigisho zerekeye ubumana bwa Kristo na filozofiya
z'ibinyoma (1: 15-2: 23), hamwe n'inama zifatika zerekeye imyitwarire ya gikristo, Paulo
asoza atanga intashyo (3: 1-4: 18).
Ihuzamasezerano Mu Gitabo: Kimwe n'amatorero yose yo hambere, ikibazo kigendanye
n'amategeko y’abayahudi i Kolose cyari gihangayikishije Pawulo. Igitekerezo gikomeye
rero cyari igitekerezo cy’ agakiza ku buntu aho kuba imirimo itegetswe n’ amategeko yo
mu Isezerano rya Kera basanze bigoye kubyumva. Kubera iyo mpamvu, habayeho ko
abayuda bahaguruka bakumvikanisha ijwi ryabo kugira ngo hongerwe ibisabwa mu
mategeko muri uku kwizera gushya. Icyambere muri bo cyari icyifuzo cyo gukebwa byari
bigikoreshwa muri bamwe mu bayahudi bahindutse. Pawulo yarwanyije iri kosa mu
Bakolosayi 2: 11-15 aho atangaza ko gukebwa ku mubiri bitagikenewe kuko Kristo yari
yaje. Ibyo yigishaga byari ugukebwa k'umutima, ntabwo ari umubiri, bituma imihango
n’imigenzo y'amategeko yo mu Isezerano rya Kera itagikenewe (Gutegeka 10:16, 30: 6;
Yeremiya 4: 4, 9:26; Ibyakozwe 7:51; Abaroma 2 : 29).
Gushyira mu bikorwa: Nubwo Pawulo avuga ahantu henshi, icyifuzo cyibanze kuri twe
muri iki gihe ni Umwuzuro waKristo mu buzima bwacu, haba ku gakiza no kwezwa.
Tugomba kumenya no gusobanukirwa ubutumwa bwiza kugirango tutayobywa n’uburyo
bufifitse bw’amategeko n’uburiganya. Tugomba kwirinda gutandukana kwose byarogoya
ubumwe bwa Kristo nk'Umwami n'Umukiza. ―Idini‖ iryo ari ryo ryose rishaka gutandukana
n’amahame ya Bibiliya, rigomba kwirindwa. Andi madini amwe yiyita ya gikiristo ariko
atarirwo rufatiro yubatseho. Kristo aduha amahame yuzuye y’imyitwarire. Ubukristo ni
umuryango, inzira y'ubuzima, n'umubano - ntabwo ari idini. Ibikorwa byiza, kuraguza
inyenyeri, ubupfumu na n’ubukonikoni ntabwo bitwereka inzira z'Imana. Kristo wenyine ni
we ubikora. Ubushake bwe bugaragarira mu ijambo rye Bibiliya, Ibaruwa y'urukundo
yatwandikiye; tugomba kubimenya!

1 ABATESALONIKE
Umwanditsi: Mu 1 Abatesalonike 1: 1 herekana ko Igitabo cy'Abatesalonike 1 cyanditswe
n'intumwa Pawulo, yari kumwe na Sila na Timoteyo ubwo yandikaga.
Itariki Cyandikiwemo: Igitabo cy'Abatesalonike 1 cyanditswe ahagana mu mwaka wa 50.
Impamvu Cyanditswe: Mu itorero ry’ i Tesalonika habaye ukutumvikana ku nyigisho yo
kugaruka kwa Kristo iyo Pawulo yari yarabwirije I Tesalonika. Pawulo yifuzaga
kubasobanurira neza mu ibaruwa ye. Atanze kandi amabwiriza yo kubaho ubuzima bwera.
Imirongo Fatizo:
1 Abatesalonike 3: 5, ―Ni cyo cyatumye mbatumaho mbonye ko ntakibashije
kwiyumanganya, kugira ngo menye ibyo kwizera kwanyu yuko yenda umushukanyi yaba
yarabashutse, natwe tukaba twarakoreye ubusa.‖
1 Abatesalonike 3: 7, ―Ni cyo cyatumye bene Data, duhumurizwa ku bwanyu no kwizera
kwanyu mu mubabaro wacu wose n'amakuba.‖
1 Abatesalonike 4: 14-17, "Ubwo twemeye yuko Yesu yapfuye akazuka, abe ari ko twizera
yuko Imana izazanana na Yesu abasinziririye muri we. Iki ni cyo tubabwira tukibwirijwe
n'ijambo ry'Umwami wacu yuko twebwe abazaba bakiriho, basigaye kugeza ku kuza
k'Umwami, tutazabanziriza na hato abasinziriye. Kuko Umwami ubwe azaza amanutse ava
mu ijuru aranguruye ijwi rirenga, hamwe n'ijwi rya marayika ukomeye n'impanda y'Imana,
nuko abapfiriye muri Kristo ni bo bazabanza kuzuka, maze natwe abazaba bakiriho
basigaye duhereko tujyananwe na bo, tuzamuwe mu bicu gusanganirira Umwami mu kirere.
Nuko rero tuzabana n'Umwami iteka ryose. "
1 Abatesalonike 5: 16-18, ―Mwishime iteka, musenge ubudasiba, mu bibaho byose muhore
mushima, kuko ari byo Imana ibashakaho muri Kristo Yesu. ‖
Incamake y’igitabo: Ibice bitatu byambere byerekeranye nuko Pawulo yifuzaga gusura
itorero ry’i Tesalonika ariko ntabishobore kuko Satani yabahagaritse ―kuko twashakaga
kuza iwanyu. (Icyakora jyewe Pawulo sinabishatse rimwe gusa ahubwo ni kabiri), ariko
Satani aratubuza. (1 Abatesalonike 2:18), tubona uburyo Pawulo yabitayeho kandi
ashishikarizwa kumva uko byari bimeze. Pawulo noneho arabasengera (1 Abatesalonike 3:
11-13). Mu gice cya 4, Pawulo arimo yigisha abizera i Tesalonike uburyo bwo kubaho
ubuzima bwera muri Kristo Yesu, (1 Abatesalonike 4: 1-12). Pawulo akomeza kubigisha ku
imyumvire itari yo bari bafite. Abibutsa kandi ko abantu bapfiriye muri Kristo Yesu nabo
bazajya mw’ijuru nagaruka (1 Abatesalonike 4: 13-18, 5: 1-11). Igitabo kirangirana
n’amabwiriza ya nyuma yo kubaho mu buzima bwa gikristo.
Ihuzamasezerano ku giabo: Pawulo aributsa Abatesalonike ko ibitotezo bahabwaga n
'―abenegihugu babo batizera‖ (umurongo wa 2:15), ari nk’iby’Abayahudi banze Mesiya
wabo, kandi ko n’abahanuzi bo mu Isezerano rya Kera barenganywaga (Yeremiya 2:30;
Matayo 23) : 31). Yesu yatanze umuburo w'uko abahanuzi b'ukuri b'Imana bazahora
barwanywa n'abakiranirwa (Luka 11:49). Mu Bakolosayi, Pawulo abibutsa uko kuri.
Gushyira mu bikorwa: Iki gitabo gishobora gukoreshwa mu bihe byinshi by’ubuzima.
Iraduha ibyiringiro nk’abakristo ko abapfuye bizeye n’abazaba bakiriho bazabana na Kristo
ubwo azagaruka (1 Abatesalonike 4: 13-18). Igitabo kiratwizeza ko twe abakijijwe
tutazagerwaho n’umujinya w’Imana (1 Abatesalonike 5: 8-9). Kiratwigisha kandi uko
tugenda ubuzima bwa gikristo buri munsi (1 Abatesalonike 4-5).

2 ABATESALONIKE
Umwanditsi: 2 Abatesalonike 1: 1 herekana ko Igitabo cy'Abatesalonike 2 cyanditswe
n'intumwa Pawulo, ahari hamwe na Sila na Timoteyo.
Itariki Cyandikiwemo: Igitabo cy'Abatesalonike 2 birashoboka ko cyanditswe muri AD
51-52.
Impamvu Cyanditswe: Itorero ryo muri Tesalonika ryari rigifite imyumvire itari yo ku
munsi w'Umwami. Batekereje ko umunsi wagombaga kuza vuba bityo bahagarika akazi
kabo. Kandi kuko Bari bagifite akarengane. Pawulo yanditse agirango akureho imyumvire
itari yo no kubahumuriza.
Imirongo Fatizo:
2 Abatesalonike 1: 6-7, ―kuko ari ibitunganiye Imana kwitura ababababaza
kubabazwa, kandi namwe abababazwa kubitura kuzaruhukana natwe, ubwo Umwami Yesu
azahishurwa ava mu ijuru, azanye n'abamarayika b'ubutware bwe.‖
2 Abatesalonike 2:13, "Ariko bene Data bakundwa n'Umwami wacu, dukwiriye
kubashimira Imana iteka kuko uhereye mbere na mbere, Imana yabatoranirije agakiza
gaheshwa no kwezwa kuva ku Mwuka no kwizera ukuri.‖
2 Abatesalonike 3: 3, ―Ariko Umwami ni uwo kwizerwa, ni we uzakomeza mwebwe,
abarinde Umubi.‖
2 Abatesalonike 3:10, ―kuko iki ari cyo twabategetse tukiri kumwe namwe, ngo umuntu
wese wanga gukora ntakarye.‖
Inshamake y’igitabo: Pawulo asuhuza itorero ry’ i Tesalonika kandi arabakomeza kandi
arabashishikariza. Arabashimira kubyo yumva bakora muri Kristo, kandi arabasengera (2
Abatesalonike 1: 11-12). Mu gice cya 2, Pawulo asobanura ibizaba ku munsi wa Kristo (2
Abatesalonike 2: 1-12). Pawulo noneho abashishikariza guhagarara bashikamye kandi
abategeka kwirinda abagenda bica gahunda Nuko bene Data, turabategeka mu izina
ry'Umwami wacu Yesu Kristo kuzibukīra mwene Data wese ugenda yica gahunda, cyangwa
udakurikiza ibibabwiriza mwahawe natwe. (2 Abatesalonike 3: 6).
Ihuzamasezerano ku gitabo: Pawulo yerekeza ku bice byinshi byo mu Isezerano rya Kera
mu nyigisho ye muri iki gitabo yerekeye iminsi y’imperuka, asubiramo ibyavuzwa
n’abahanuzi ba I.K. Inyinshi mu nyigisho ze ku bihe bya nyuma muri iyi baruwa zishingiye
ku gitabo cy’umuhanuzi Daniyeli n'amayerekwa ye. Mu 2 Abatesalonike 2: 3-9, yerekeza
ku buhanuzi bwa Daniyeli bwerekeye ―Anti-Kristo‖ (Daniyeli 7–8).
Gushyira mu bikorwa: Igitabo cy'Abatesalonike 2 cyuzuyemo amakuru asobanura ibihe
by'imperuka. Kiradushishikariza kuticara ubusa ahubwo tugakora imirimo yacu mu gihe
tutegereje Kristo. Harimo kandi amasengesho akomeye mu 2 Abatesalonike ashobora
kutubera urugero rw’uburyo bwo gusengera abandi bizera muri iki gihe.

INZANDIKO ZA GISHUMBA
1 TIMOTEYO
Umwanditsi: Igitabo cya 1 Timoteyo cyanditswe n'intumwa Pawulo (1 Timoteyo 1: 1).
Itariki Cyandikiwemo: Igitabo cya 1 Timoteyo cyanditswe muri A. 62-66.
Impamvu Cyanditswe: Pawulo yandikiye Timoteyo kugira ngo amushishikarize mu
nshingano ze zo kugenzura imirimo y'itorero rya Efeso ndetse wenda n'andi matorero yo mu
ntara ya Aziya (1 Timoteyo 1: 3). Uru rwandiko rushyiraho urufatiro rwo gushyiraho
abakuru (1 Timoteyo 3: 1-7), kandi rutanga ubuyobozi bwo gushyira abantu mu mirimo
y'itorero (1 Timoteyo 3: 8-13). Muri rusange, 1 Timoteyo ni igitabo cy’ubuyobozi bwo
gutunganya no kuyobora amatorero.
Imirongo Fatizo:

1 Timoteyo 2: 5, "Kuko hariho Imana imwe, kandi hariho Umuhuza umwe w'Imana
n'abantu, na we ni umuntu, ari we Yesu Kristo."
1 Timoteyo 2:12, "kuko nanga ko umugore yigisha cyangwa ngo ategeke umugabo,
ahubwo agire ituza."
1 Timoteyo 3: 1-3, ―Iri jambo ni iryo kwizerwa ngo ―Umuntu nashaka kuba umwepisikopi,
aba yifuje umurimo mwiza.‖ Nuko umwepisikopi akwiriye kuba inyangamugayo, no kuba
umugabo w'umugore umwe, abe udakunda ibisindisha wirinda, ugira gahunda mu kubaho
kwe, ukunda gucumbikira abashyitsi, ufite ubwenge bwo kwigisha, utari umunywi wa vino
cyangwa umunyarukoni, ahubwo abe umugwaneza utarwana, utari umukunzi w'impiya, "
1Timoteyo 4: 9-10, "Iri ni ijambo ryizewe rikwiye kwemerwa byuzuye (kandi kubwibyo
dukora kandi duharanira), ko twizeye ibyiringiro byacu ku Mana nzima, Umukiza w'abantu
bose, cyane cyane bya abizera. "

1 Timoteyo 6:12, "Ujye urwana intambara nziza yo kwizera usingire ubugingo buhoraho,
ubwo wahamagariwe ukabwaturira kwatura kwiza imbere y'abahamya benshi."

Inshamake y’igitabo: Uru ni rwo rwandiko rwa mbere Pawulo yandikiye Timoteyo,
umushumba ukiri muto wari wafashije Pawulo mu murimo we. Timoteyo yari Umugereki.
Nyina yari Umuyahudi naho se yari Umugereki. Pawulo ntiyari umujyanama n'umuyobozi
wa Timoteyo gusa, yari ameze nka se, naho Timoteyo yari nk'umuhungu wa Pawulo (1
Timoteyo 1: 2). Pawulo atangira ibaruwa asaba Timoteyo kuba maso ku bigisha b'ibinyoma
n'inyigisho z'ibinyoma. Nyamara, mirongo nyinshi ivuga ku myitwarire y'abashumba.
Pawulo yigisha Timoteyo gusenga (igice cya 2) no guteza imbere abayobozi bakuze mu
itorero (igice cya 3). Yibanze cyane ku myitwarire y'abashumba, yamwihanangirije
kwirinda abigisha b'ibinyoma, n'inshingano z'itorero ku muryango, kwita ku bapfakazi,
abasaza, n'abacakara. Muri iyo baruwa yose, Pawulo ashishikariza Timoteyo gushikama,
kwihangana, no gukomeza kuba indakemwa mu umuhamagaro we.
Ihuza masezerano ku gitabo: Isano ishimishije y'Isezerano rya Kera mu gitabo cya 1
Timoteyo ni Pawulo yavuze ishingiro ryo gutekereza ko abakuru b'amatorero bakwiriye
―icyubahiro kabiri,‖ kandi bakwiriye kubahwa no mu gihe cyo gushinjwa amakosa (1
Timoteyo 5 : 17-19). Gutegeka kwa kabiri 24:15; 25: 4; n'Abalewi 19:13 hose havuga ko ari
ngombwa guhemba umukozi ibyo yinjije no kubikora mu gihe gikwiye. Bimwe mu bigize
Amategeko ya Mose byasabye ko hakenerwa abahamya babiri cyangwa batatu kugira ngo
bashinje umuntu (Gutegeka 19:15). Abakirisitu b'Abayahudi mu matorero Timoteyo yari
ayoboye bari kuba bazi neza isano iri hagati y'Isezerano rya Kera n’irishya.
Gushyira mu bikorwa: Yesu Kristo yerekanwa na Pawulo nk'umuhuza hagati y'Imana
n'umuntu (1 Timoteyo 2: 5), Umukiza ku bantu bose bamwizera. Ni Umwami w'itorero,
kandi Timoteyo amukorera mu kuragira itorero rye. Rero, dusanga uburyo nyamukuru
bw'urwandiko rwa mbere rwa Pawulo yandikiye ―umuhungu we mu kwizera.‖ Pawulo
yigisha Timoteyo kubyerekeye inyigisho z'itorero, n'ubuyobozi bwaryo. Dusabwa
gukoresha ayo mabwiriza mu gutegeka amatorero mu gihe cya none. Mu buryo nk'ubwo,
umurimo w'umupasitori, ubunararibonye bw’abakuru, hamwe n'ubushobozi
bw'umudiyakoni ni ngombwa kandi ni ngombwa muri iki gihe nk'uko byari bimeze mu gihe
cya Timoteyo.
Ibaruwa ya mbere Pawulo yandikiye Timoteyo ihwanye n’igitabo cyigisha kijyanye
ubuyobozi bw’itorero rya gikiristo. Amabwiriza ari muri iyi baruwa arareba umuyobozi
uwo ari we wese cyangwa uzaba umuyobozi w'itorero rya Kristo kandi ni ngombwa muri
iki gihe nk'uko byari bimeze mu gihe cya Pawulo. Kubatahamagariwe inshingano
z'ubuyobozi mu itorero ryabo, igitabo kiracyafite akamaro. Abayoboke bose bagomba
guharanira kwizera no kwirinda inyigisho z'ibinyoma. Abayoboke bose bagomba
guhagarara bashikamye kandi bakihangana.

2 TIMOTEYO
Umwanditsi: 2 Timoteyo 1: 1 hagaragaza umwanditsi w'igitabo cya 2 Timoteyo
nk'intumwa Pawulo.
Itariki Cyandikiwemo: Igitabo cya 2 Timoteyo cyanditswe ahagana mu mwaka wa 67,
mbere gato yuko intumwa Pawulo yicwa.
Impamvu Cyanditswe: Pawulo Yongeye gufungirwa i Roma mu gifungo cya kabiri hafi
y’urupfu rwe, intumwa Pawulo yumvise afite irungu kandi yaratereranywe. Pawulo
yamenye ko ubuzima bwe bwo ku isi bushobora kurangira vuba. Igitabo cya 2 Timoteyo ni
"amagambo ya nyuma" ya Pawulo. Pawulo yarebye uko ibintu byari byifashe kugira ngo
agaragaze ko yitaye ku matorero cyane cyane kuri Timoteyo. Pawulo yashakaga gukoresha
amagambo ye ya nyuma kugira ngo ashishikarize Timoteyo, n'abandi bizera bose,
kwihangana mu kwizera (2 Timoteyo 3:14) no kwamamaza ubutumwa bwiza bwa Yesu
Kristo (2 Timoteyo 4: 2).
Imirongo Fatizo:
2 Timoteyo 1: 7, ―Kuko Imana itaduhaye umwuka w'ubwoba, ahubwo yaduhaye
uw'imbaraga n'urukundo no kwirinda.‖
2 Timoteyo 3: 16-17, ―Ibyanditswe byera byose byahumetswe n'Imana kandi bigira
umumaro wo kwigisha umuntu, no kumwemeza ibyaha bye no kumutunganya, no
kumuhanira gukiranuka 17kugira ngo umuntu w'Imana abe ashyitse, afite ibimukwiriye
byose ngo akore imirimo myiza yose.‖
2 Timoteyo 4: 2, ―Ubwirize abantu ijambo ry'Imana ugire umwete mu gihe kigukwiriye no
mu kitagukwiriye, uhane, uteshe, uhugure ufite kwihangana kose no kwigisha‖

2 Timoteyo 4: 7-8, ―Narwanye intambara nziza, narangije urugendo, narinze ibyo

kwizera. Ibisigaye mbikiwe ikamba ryo gukiranuka, iryo Umwami wacu, umucamanza
utabera azampa kuri urya munsi, nyamara si jye jyenyine, ahubwo ni abakunze kuzaboneka
kwe bose. ‖
Inshamake y’igitabo: Pawulo ashishikariza Timoteyo gukomeza gukunda Kristo no
gukomeza gushikama mu nyigisho nziza (2 Timoteyo 1: 1-2, 13-14). Pawulo yibutsa
Timoteyo kwirinda imyizerere n'imigenzo itubaha Imana no guhunga ikintu icyo ari cyo
cyose cy'ubusambanyi (2 Timoteyo 2: 14-26). Mu bihe byimperuka hazabaho gutotezwa
gukabije n’ubuhakanyi bivuye mu kwizera kwa gikristo (2 Timoteyo 3: 1-17). Pawulo asoza
asaba cyane abizera guhagarara bashikamye mu kwizera no kurangiza isiganwa rikomeye (2
Timoteyo 4: 1-8).

Ihuzamasezerano ku gitabo: Pawulo yari ahangayikishijwe cyane no kuburira Timoteyo

n'abashumba ku kaga k'abigisha b'ibinyoma ku buryo yifashishije inkuru y'abapfumu
b'Abanyamisiri barwanyaga Mose Yane na Yambule (Kuva 7:11, 22; 8: 7, 18, 19; 9:11) ).
Nubwo amazina yabo atavuzwe mu Isezerano rya Kera, imigenzo ivuga ko abo bagabo
bashishikarije kubaka inyana ya zahabu bakicwa hamwe n’abandi basenga ibigirwamana
(Kuva 32). Pawulo yahanuye ibizaba ku barwanya ukuri kwa Kristo, ubupfapfa bwabo
amaherezo bugaragarira "abantu bose" (2 Timoteyo 3: 9).
Gushyira mu bikorwa: Biroroshye kubona uruhande rumwe mu buzima bwa gikristo.
Tugomba guhanga amaso ku ngororano - tuzahembwa mw’ijuru na Yesu Kristo (2
Timoteyo 4: 8). Tugomba kwihatira kwirinda inyigisho z'ibinyoma n'imikorere itubaha
Imana. Ibi birashobora kugerwaho gusa dushingiye ku bumenyi bwacu bw'Ijambo ry'Imana
kandi dushikamye mu kwanga kwakira ikintu cyose kidashingiye kuri Bibiliya.

TITO
Umwanditsi: Tito 1: 1 hagaragaza intumwa Pawulo nk'umwanditsi w'igitabo cya Tito.
Itariki Cyandikiwemo: Ibaruwa yandikiwe Tito yanditswe ahagana mu mwaka wa 66.
Ingendo za Pawulo zanditse neza kandi rwerekana ko yandikiye Tito wo ari muri I
Nikopolisi muri Epirusi.
Impamvu Cyanditswe: Ibaruwa yandikiwe Tito izwi nk'imwe mu nzandiko z'Abashumba
kimwe n'amabaruwa abiri yandikiwe Timoteyo. Uru rwandiko rwanditswe n'intumwa
Pawulo kugira ngo ashishikarize murumuna we mu kwizera, Tito, uwo yari yarasizwe i
Kirete kuyobora itorero Pawulo yari yarashinze mu rugendo rwe rw'ubumisiyonari (Tito 1:
5). Uru rwandiko rugira inama Tito kubijyanye n’ubushobozi bwo gushakisha abayobozi
mu itorero. Yaburiye kandi Tito icyubahiro cy'abatuye ku kirwa cya Kirete (Tito 1:12).
Usibye kwigisha Tito icyo yashakisha mu muyobozi w'iryo torero, Pawulo yanashishikarije
Tito gusubira i Nikopolisi kugira ngo amusure. Mu yandi magambo, Pawulo yakomeje
guhindura umwigishwa Tito n'abandi abigisha uko bakura mu buntu bwa Imana (Tito 3:13).
Imirongo Fatizo:
Tito 1: 5, ―Icyatumye ngusiga i Kirete ni ukugira ngo utunganye ibyasigaye bidatunganye,
kandi ngo ushyire abakuru b'Itorero mu midugudu yose nk'uko nagutegetse.‖
Tito 1:16, ―Bavuga yuko bazi Imana, ariko bayihakanisha ibyo bakora. Bene abo ni abo
kwangwa urunuka, ni abatumvira Imana, no ku mirimo myiza yose nta cyo bamaze. "
Tito 2:15, ―Ujye uvuga ibyo kandi ubibahugure, ubahana nk'ufite ubutware rwose.
Ntihakagire ugusuzugura. "
Tito 3: 3-6, ―Kuko natwe kera twari abapfapfa tutumvira kandi tuyobagurika, turi mu
bubata bw'irari ribi n'ibinezeza bitari bimwe, duhora tugira igomwa n'ishyari, turi abo
kwangwa urunuka, natwe twangana. Nyamara kugira neza kw'Imana Umukiza wacu
n'urukundo ikunda abantu bibonetse iradukiza, itabitewe n'imirimo yo gukiranuka twakoze,
ahubwo ku bw'imbabazi zayo idukirisha kuhagirwa ari ko kubyarwa ubwa kabiri,
ikadukirisha no guhindurwa bashya n'Umwuka Wera, 6uwo yahaye Yesu Kristo Umukiza
wacu kuducunshumuriraho cyane. ‖
Inshamake y’igitabo: Mbega ukuntu bigomba byari byiza cyane igihe Tito yakiraga
ibaruwa y'umujyanama we, intumwa Pawulo. Pawulo yari umuntu wubashywe cyane, kandi
birakwiriye, nyuma yo gushinga amatorero menshi kw’isi y’uburasirazuba. Yagize ati:
―Ndakwandikiye Tito, umwana wanjye nyakuri ku bwo kwizera dusangiye. Ubuntu
n'amahoro bibe kuri wowe, biva ku Mana Data wa twese no kuri Kristo Yesu Umukiza
wacu.‖ (Tito 1: 4).
Ikirwa cya Kirete aho Tito yasizwe na Pawulo kugira ngo ayobore iryo torero cyari gituwe
n'abenegihugu bo muri icyo kirwa ndetse n'Abayahudi batazi ukuri kwa Yesu Kristo (Tito
1: 12-14). Pawulo yumvise ko ari inshingano ze gukurikiza Tito kumwigisha no kumutera
inkunga mu guteza imbere abayobozi mu itorero rya Kirete. Nkuko intumwa Pawulo
yayoboye Tito mu gushaka abayobozi, Pawulo yanasabye uburyo Tito yari kwigisha
abayobozi kugira ngo bakure mu kwizera Kristo. Amabwiriza ye yarimo ay'abagabo
n'abagore b'ingeri zose (Tito 2: 1-8).
Kugira ngo afashe Tito gukomeza kwizera Kristo, Pawulo yasabye Tito kuza i Nikopolisi
akazana n'abandi babiri mu itorero (Tito 3: 12-13).
Ihuzamasezerano ku gitabo: Na none, Pawulo yongeye kubona ko ari ngombwa gutegeka
abayobozi b'itorero kwirinda Abayahudi, bashakaga kongera imirimo ku mpano y'ubuntu
itanga agakiza. Yihanangirije abashuka kwigomeka, cyane cyane abakomeje kuvuga ko
gukebwa no kubahiriza imihango n'imihango y'amategeko ya Mose byari bikenewe (Tito 1:
10-11). Iyi ni insanganyamatsiko yagarukaga mu nzandiko za Pawulo, kandi mu gitabo cya
Tito, agera aho avuga ko umunwa wabo ugomba guhagarara.
Gushyira mu bikorwa: Igitabo cya Tito gikwiye kwitabwaho mu gihe tureba kuri Bibiliya
kugirango twigishe uburyo bwo kubaho ubuzima bushimisha Umwami wacu. Turashobora
kwiga ibyo tugomba kwirinda kimwe nibyo tugomba guharanira kwigana. Pawulo arasaba
ko dushaka kuba abera mu gihe twirinze ibintu bizanduza ubwenge n'umutimanama.
Hanyuma, Pawulo yagize icyo avuga kitagomba kwibagirana: ―Bavuga yuko bazi Imana,
ariko bayihakanisha ibyo bakora. Bene abo ni abo kwangwa urunuka, ni abatumvira Imana,
no ku mirimo myiza yose nta cyo bamaze‖ (Tito 1:16). Nkabakristo, tugomba kwisuzuma
kugirango tumenye neza ko ubuzima bwacu bujyanye n’umwuga wacu wo kwizera Kristo
(2 Abakorinto 13: 5).
Hamwe n'uyu muburo, Pawulo aratubwira kandi uburyo twakwirinda guhakana Imana:
―Yadukijije binyuze mu kozwa no kuvuka ubwa kabiri no kuvugururwa n'Umwuka Wera,
uwo yadusutseho atitangiriye itama binyuze muri Yesu Kristo Umukiza wacu‖ (Tito 3: 5b-
6). Mu guharanira kugira imitima mishya buri munsi kubw’Umwuka wera dushobora
gukura mu tukaba abakristo bubahisha Imana uburyo tubaho.
 FILEMONI
Umwanditsi: Umwanditsi w'igitabo cya Filemoni ni intumwa Pawulo (Filemoni 1: 1).
Itariki Cyandikiwemo: Igitabo cya Filemoni cyanditswe hafi 60 N.K.
Impamvu Cyanditswe: Ibaruwa yandikiwe Filemoni ni ngufi mu nyandiko zose za Pawulo
kandi ivuga ku bucakara. Iyo baruwa yerekana ko Pawulo yari afunzwe igihe yandikwaga.
Filemoni yari afite umucakara witwaga Onesime kandi itorero ryateraniraga mu rugo rwe.
Mu gihe cy'umurimo wa Pawulo muri Efeso, birashoboka ko Filemoni yari yagiye mu
mujyi, akumva ubutumwa bwa Pawulo maze aba umukristo. Umugaragu Onesime yambuye
shebuja Filemoni, arahunga, yerekeza i Roma kandi agera naho Pawulo yari ari. Onesimusi
yari akiri umutungo wa Filemoni, kandi Pawulo yanditse kugirango yorohereze inzira yo
kugaruka kwa shebuja. Binyuze mu buhamya bwa Pawulo, Onesime yari yarabaye
Umukristo (Filemoni 10) kandi Pawulo yashakaga ko Filemoni yemera Onesime
umuvandimwe muri Kristo kandi atari nk'umucakara gusa ahubwo nk’umwizera mushya.
Imirongo Fatizo:
Filemoni 6: "Ndagusengera ngo ugire uruhare mu gusangira kwizera kwawe, kugira ngo
usobanukirwe byimazeyo ikintu cyiza dufite muri Kristo."
Filemoni 16: "… atakiri imbata yawe ahubwo aruta imbata, ari mwene So ukundwa,
ukundwa nanjye cyane ariko akarushaho gukundwa nawe ku by'umubiri no ku by'Umwami
wacu.‖
Filemoni 18: "kandi niba hari icyo yagucumuyeho, cyangwa akaba afite umwenda wawe
ubimbareho."
Inshamake y’igitabo: Pawulo yari yaraburiye ba nyir'abacakara ko bafite inshingano ku
bagaragu babo kandi yerekana imbata nk'abantu bafite imico myiza bagomba gutinya
Imana. Mu rwandiko yandikiye Filemoni, Pawulo ntiyamaganye ubucakara, ariko yeretse
Onesime nk'umuvandimwe wa gikristo aho kuba imbata. Iyo Sebuja kwita umucakara
umuvandimwe, umucakara aba ageze kumwanya aho amategeko yemewe y’umucakara
adafite icyo asobanuye. Itorero rya mbere ntabwo ryibasiye ubucakara mu buryo butaziguye
ariko ryashizeho urufatiro rw'umubano mushya hagati ya nyir'umugaragu. Pawulo
yagerageje guhuza Filemoni na Onesime mu rukundo rwa gikristo kugirango kwibohora
bibe ngombwa. Gusa nyuma yo guhura n’umucyo w’ubutumwa ubucakara bwaracitse.
Ihuzamasezeranoku gitabo: Amategeko yombi y'Abaroma hamwe n'amategeko ya Mose
yo mu Isezerano rya Kera yari guha Filemoni uburenganzira bwo guhana imbata yahunze
yibye sebuja. Ariko isezerano ry’ubuntu binyuze mu Mwami Yesu ryemereye shebuja
n'umugaragu gusabana mu rukundo ku buryo bungana mu mubiri wa Kristo.
Gushyira mu bikorwa: Abakoresha, abayobozi ba politiki, abayobozi b'ibigo n'ababyeyi
barashobora gukurikiza umwuka w'inyigisho za Pawulo bafata abakozi b'Abakristo, abo
mukorana ndetse n'abagize umuryango nk'abagize umubiri wa Kristo. Abakirisitu muri
societe ya none ntibagomba kubona abafasha nkintambwe yo kubafasha kugera kubyo
bifuza ahubwo ni abavandimwe na bashiki bacu bagomba kwitabwaho neza. Byongeye
kandi, abayobozi bose b'Abakristo bagomba kumenya ko Imana izababaza uburyo bwo
gufata neza ababakorera, baba abafasha b’ abakristo cyangwa atari bo. Bagomba kubahisha
Imana ibikorwa byabo (Abakolosayi 4: 1).

ABAHEBURAYO
Umwanditsi: Nubwo bamwe bashyira Igitabo cyAbaheburayo mubyo intumwa Pawulo
yanditse, Umwanditsi wacyo ntazwi. Iki gitabo ntigitangirwa n’indamutso ya Pawulo yewe
n’ibikorwa bye. Bamwe bavuga ko Luka ari umwanditsi wacyo; abandi bavuga ko
Abaheburayo bashobora kuba baranditswe na Apolo, Barinaba, Sila, Filipo, cyangwa
Akwila na Pirisila. Tutitaye ku kuboko kwabantu kwari gufata ikaramu, Umwuka Wera
w’Imana niwe mwanditsi w’Imana wibyanditswe byose (2 Timoteyo 3:16); kubwibyo,
Abaheburayo bavuga bafite ubutware bwemewe nk’ibindi bitabo mirongo itandatu na
bitanu bya Bibiliya.
Itariki Cyandikiwemo: Umusaza w'itorero rya mbere Clement(Kilimenti) yavuzwe mu
gitabo cy'Abaheburayo mu mwaka wa 95. Icyakora, ibimenyetso by'imbere nko kuba
Timoteyo yari muzima igihe ibaruwa yandikwaga kandi nta bimenyetso bifatika byerekana
iherezo rya Kera. Ubwo rero iki gitabo cyanditswe ahagana mu 65 N.K. Mbere y’irimbuka
rya Yerusalemu muri 70 N.K
Impamvu Cyanditswe: Nyakwigendera Dr. Walter Martin, washinze ikigo
cy’ubushakashatsi cya gikirisitu akaba n'umwanditsi w’igitabo cyagurishijwe cyane cyitwa
Kingdom of the Cults, yasubiyemo amagambo ko Igitabo cy’Abaheburayo cyanditswe
n’Abaheburayo ku bandi Baheburayo babwira Abaheburayo benewabo kureka gukora
nk'Abaheburayo. Mu kuri, benshi mu bizera b'Abayahudi bo hambere basubiraga mu
mihango n'imigenzo y'Abayahudi kugira ngo bahunge ibitotezo byiyongeraga Uru rwandiko
rero, ni impanuro kuri abo bizera batotezwaga gukomera mu buntu bwa Yesu Kristo.
Imirongo Fatizo:
Abaheburayo 1: 1-2: "Kera Imana yavuganiye na ba sogokuruza mu kanwa k'abahanuzi
mu bihe byinshi no mu buryo bwinshi, 2naho muri iyi minsi y'imperuka yavuganiye natwe
mu kanwa k'Umwana wayo, uwo yashyiriyeho kuba umuragwa wa byose ari we
yaremesheje isi. ‖
Abaheburayo 2: 3: "twebweho tuzarokoka dute nitwirengagiza agakiza gakomeye gatyo,
kabanje kuvugwa n'Umwami wacu natwe tukagahamirizwa n'abamwumvise,"
Abaheburayo 4: 14-16: "Nuko ubwo dufite umutambyi mukuru ukomeye wagiye mu ijuru,
ari we Yesu Umwana w'Imana, dukomeze ibyo twizera tukabyatura. Kuko tudafite
umutambyi mukuru utabasha kubabarana natwe mu ntege nke zacu, ahubwo yageragejwe
uburyo bwose nkatwe, keretse yuko atigeze akora icyaha. Nuko rero, twegere intebe
y'ubuntu tudatinya, kugira ngo tubabarirwe tubone ubuntu bwo kudutabara
Abaheburayo 11: 1: ―Kwizera ni ukumenya rwose ibyiringirwa udashidikanya ko bitazaba,
kandi ni ko kuduhamiriza ibyo tutareba ko ari iby'ukuri..‖
Abaheburayo 12: 1-2: "Nuko natwe ubwo tugoswe n'igicucu cy'abahamya bangana batyo,
twiyambure ibituremerera byose n'icyaha kibasha kutwizingiraho vuba, dusiganirwe aho
dutegekwa twihanganye 2dutumbira Yesu wenyine, ari we Banze ryo kwizera kandi ari we
ugusohoza rwose, yihanganiye umusaraba ku bw'ibyishimo byamushyizwe imbere ntiyita
ku isoni zawo, yicara iburyo bw'intebe y'Imana. "
Incamake Incamake: Igitabo cy'Abaheburayo kivuga ku matsinda atatu atandukanye:
abizera Kristo, abatizera bari bafite ubumenyi kandi bemera mu bwenge ukuri kwa Kristo,
n'abatizera bahamagarirwa kwizera Kristo, ariko amaherezo bakamwanga. Ni ngombwa
kumva no kumenya itsinda rivugwa muri iki gice. Kunanirwa kubikora birashobora
kudutera gufata imyanzuro idahuye n’ibindi Byanditswe Byera.
Umwanditsi w'Abaheburayo ahora avuga ibyerekeye ubukuru bwa Kristo haba mu miterere
ye ndetse no mu murimo we. Mu nyandiko zo mu Isezerano rya Kera, twumva imihango
n'imigenzo y'Abayahudi byagereranyaga ukuza kwa Mesiya. Mu yandi magambo, imihango
y’ubuyahudi yari igicucu cy’ibintu bizaza. Abaheburayo batubwira ko Kristo Yesu aruta
ikintu cyose idini ryonyine ritanga. Ubukuru bwa Yesu Kristo ni insanganyamatsiko y’uru
rwandiko rwanditse neza.
Ihuzamasezerano ku gitabo: Ahari nta hantu na hamwe mu Isezerano Rishya, Isezerano
rya Kera ryibandaho cyane kuruta mu gitabo cy’Abaheburayo, gifite urufatiro
rw’ubutambyi bw'Abalewi. Umwanditsi n'Abaheburayo umumaro muke w’ubutambyi bwo
mu Isezerano rya Kera no gutungana no kurangirira muri Kristo. Aho Isezerano rya Kera
ryasabaga ibitambo bihoraho no guhongerera rimwe mu mwaka ku bw’ibyaha bikozwe
n’umutambyi w’umuntu, Isezerano Rishya ritanga igitambo rimwe rukumbi binyuze muri
Kristo (Abaheburayo 10:10) no kwegera intebe y’Imana. Ku bari muri We bose.

Gushyira mu bikorwa: uru rwandiko rukungahaye ku nyigisho za gikristo zifatizo,

Ibaruwa yandikiwe Abaheburayo nayo iduha ingero zishishikaje z’ibyitegererezo
by’abizera" uko bihanganiye ibibi byinshinkugeza ku iherezo (Abaheburayo 11). Mu buryo
nk'ubwo, turashobora gukomeza kwiringira byimazeyo amasezerano akomeye y'Imana,
tutitaye ku mimerere turimo, dutekereza ku budahemuka bukomeye bw'imirimo y'Imana mu
buzima bw'abera bo mu Isezerano rya Kera.
Umwanditsi w'Abaheburayo akomeza cyane abizera, ariko hariho imiburo itanu ikomeye
tugomba kwitondera. Hariho akaga ko kutitabwaho (Abaheburayo 2: 1-4), akaga ko
kutizera (Abaheburayo 3: 7–4: 13), akaga ko kudakura mu mwuka (Abaheburayo 5: 11–6:
20), akaga ko kunanirwa kwihangana (Abaheburayo 10: 26-39), n'akaga kavukire ko
kwanga Imana (Abaheburayo 12: 25-29). Kandi rero dusanga muri iki gitabo ubutunzi
bwinshi bw’inyigisho, isoko itugarurira ubuyanja, n’isoko y’umuburo wuzuye, utuburira
ufatika wo kwirinda ubunebwe mu rugendo rwacu rwa gikristo. Ariko haracyari byinshi,
kuko mu Baheburayo dusangamo ishusho nziza cyane y'Umwami wacu Yesu Kristo -
Umwanditsi akaba n'Umurangiza w'agakiza kacu gakomeye (Abaheburayo 12: 2).

YAKOBO
Umwanditsi: Umwanditsi w'uru rwandiko (ibaruwa) ni Yakobo, na none witwa Yakobo
Umukiranutsi, atekerezwa ko ari umuvandimwe wa Yesu Kristo (Matayo 13:55; Mariko 6:
3). Yakobo ntabwo yari umwizera (Yohana 7: 3-5) kugeza nyuma yo kuzuka (Ibyakozwe
1:14; 1 Abakorinto 15: 7; Abagalatiya 1:19). Yabaye umuyobozi w'itorero ry’ i Yerusalemu
kandi avugwa nk'inkingi y'iryo torero (Abagalatiya 2: 9).

Itariki Cyandikiwemo: Igitabo cya Yakobo birashoboka ko ari igitabo cya kera cyane mu
Isezerano Rishya, cyanditswe wenda nko mu mwaka wa 45 mbere ya Yesu, mbere y’inama
ya mbere ya Yeruzalemu mu mwaka wa 50. Yakobo yiciwe ahagana mu mwaka wa 62,
nk'uko umuhanga mu by'amateka Josephus abivuga.
Impamvu Cyanditswe: Bamwe batekereza ko uru rwandiko rwanditswe Yakobo asa
nusubiza ku busobanuro butsindagiye bw'inyigisho za Pawulo zerekeye kwizera gukiza
kudashingiye ku mirimo. Iyi myizerere ikabije, yitwa antinomianism, yemeza ko kubwo
kwizera Kristo umuntu adatwarwa rwose n'amategeko yose yo mu Isezerano rya Kera,
amategeko yose y’isi, ndetse n’imyitwarire yose y’umuryango. Igitabo cya Yakobo
cyerekejwe ku bakristu b'Abayahudi batatanye mu mahanga yose (Yakobo 1: 1). Martin
Luther, wangaga iyi baruwa akayita ―ibaruwa y'ibyatsi,‖ yananiwe kumenya ko inyigisho za
Yakobo ku mirimo zuzuzanya-zitavuguruzanya n’inyigisho ya Pawulo ku kwizera. Mu gihe
inyigisho za Pawulo zibanda ku gutsindishirizwa kwacu n'Imana, inyigisho za Yakobo
zibanda ku mirimo yerekana uko gutsindishirizwa. Yakobo yandikiraga Abayahudi kugira
ngo abashishikarize gukomeza gukura muri uku kwizera gushya kwa gikristo. Yakobo
ashimangira ko ibikorwa byiza bizaturuka ku bantu buzuye Umwuka kandi ko niba umuntu
adafite kwizera gukiza n’imbuto z'Umwuka zidashobora kuboneka muri we, nkuko Pawulo
abisobanura mu Bagalatiya 5: 22-23.
Imirongo Fatizo:
Yakobo 1: 2-3: "Bene Data, mwemere ko ari iby'ibyishimo rwose nimugubwa gitumo
n'ibibagerageza bitari bimwe, 3mumenye yuko kugeragezwa ko kwizera kwanyu gutera
kwihangana."
Yakobo 1:19: "Nuko rero bene Data bakundwa, umuntu wese yihutire kumva ariko atinde
kuvuga, kandi atinde kurakara."
Yakobo 2: 17-18: "Uko ni ko no kwizera iyo kudafite imirimo, ahubwo kuri konyine kuba
gupfuye.
Ahari umuntu yazavuga ati ―Wehoho ufite kwizera, jyeweho mfite imirimo.‖ Nyereka
kwizera kwawe kutagira imirimo, nanjye ndakwereka kwizera kwanjye kugaragazwa
n'imirimo yanjye. ‖
Yakobo 3: 5: "N'ururimi na rwo ni ko ruri: ni urugingo ruto rukirarira ibikomeye. Murebe
namwe ishyamba naho ari rinini rite, uburyo ritwikwa n'agashashi gato cyane!"
Yakobo 5: 16b: "Gusenga k'umukiranutsi kugira umumaro mwinshi, iyo asenganye
umwete."
Inshamake y’igitabo: Igitabo cya Yakobo cyerekana kwizera kugendera mu idini nyayo
(1: 1-27), kwizera nyako (2: 1-3: 12) n'ubwenge nyabwo (3: 13-5: 20). Iki gitabo
gikubiyemo ibintu bisa neza ikigisho cya Yesu ku musozi muri Matayo 5-7. Yakobo
atangira mu gice cya mbere asobanura imico rusange yo kugendera mu kwizera. Mu gice
cya 2 n’intangiriro yigice cya 3 araganira ku butabera mbonezamubano na nigisho ku
kwizera mu bikorwa. Ahita agereranya kandi atandukanya itandukaniro riri hagati
y’ubwenge bwisi niyubaha Imana kandi adusaba kuva mu bibi no kwiyegereza Imana.
Yakobo avuga iteka rizacirwa ku batunzi b’abanyabugugu. Hanyuma, arangiza
ashishikariza abizera kwihangana mu mibabaro, gusenga no kwita ku bandi no
gushimangira kwizera kwacu binyuze mu busabane.
Ihuzamasezerano ku gitabo: Igitabo cya Yakobo nicyo gisobanuro cya nyuma cyerekana
isano iri hagati yo kwizera n’imirimo. Arababwira ko niyo bagerageza uko bashoboye kose
kugira ngo bakurikize amategeko n'imigenzo itandukanye, kubikora nbidashoboka, kandi
kurenga ku gice gito cy'amategeko byatumye bahamwa n'icyaha cyose (Yakobo 2:10)
kubera ko amategeko ni ikintu kimwe no kwica rimwe muriyo byose.
Gushyira mu bikorwa: Turabona mu gitabo cya Yakobo ingorane ku bayoboke ba Yesu
Kristo bizerwa, ko badakwiye ―kuvuga,‖gusa ahubwo bakwiye gukora ahubwo ―kugendera
urugendo.‖ Mu gihe kwizera kwacu kugendagenda, byanze bikunze, bisaba kugira
ubumenyi bwimbitse kubijyanye n'Ijambo, Yakobo aradushishikariza kudahagarara aho.
Abakristo benshi bazabona uru rwandiko rutoroshye kuko Yakobo atanga inshingano 60 mu
mirongo 108 gusa. Yibanze ku kuri kw'amagambo ya Yesu mu Kibwiriza cyo ku Musozi
kandi adushishikariza gukurikiza ibyo yigishije.
Urwo rwandiko rushyira kandi ku gitekerezo cy'uko umuntu ashobora kuba umukristo
nyamara agakomeza kubaho mu byaha, nta mbuto zo gukiranuka. Yakobo avuga ko
"kwizera nk'ukwo, ugufite aba agusangiye n'abadayimoni" bizera kandi bahinda umushyitsi
"(Yakobo 2:19). Nyamara "kwizera" nk'ukwo ntigushobora gukiza kudaherekezwa
n’imirimo isanzwe iherekeza kwizera gukiza. (Abefeso 2:10). Imirimo myiza ntabwo
itanga, ariko ni umusaruro wako cyangwa binyuze muriyo abantu bamenya ko wizeye.

1 PETERO
Umwanditsi: 1 Petero 1: 1 hagaragaza ko umwanditsi w'igitabo cya 1 Petero nk'intumwa
Petero.
Itariki Cyandikiwemo: Igitabo cya 1 Petero birashoboka ko cyanditswe hagati ya 60 na 65
N.K.
Impamvu Cyanditswe: 1 Petero ni urwandiko Petero yandikiye abizera bari baratataniye
hirya no hino ku isi ya kera kandi batotezwa cyane. Niba hari uwumva gutotezwa, ni Petero.
Yarakubiswe, aterwa ubwoba, arahanwa, arafungwa azira kwamamaza Ijambo ry'Imana.
Yari azi icyo bisaba kwihanganira imibabaro, nta gutakaza ibyiringiro afite kwizera
gukomeye kandi mu buzima bwumvira ndetse bunesha. Ubu bumenyi bw'ibyiringiro bizima
muri Yesu bwari ubutumwa, kandi urugero rwa Kristo nirwo twakurikiza.
Imirongo Fatizo:
1 Petero 1: 3: "Imana y'Umwami wacu Yesu Kristo, ari na yo Se, ishimwe kuko yatubyaye
ubwa kabiri nk'uko imbabazi zayo nyinshi ziri, kugira ngo tugire ibyiringiro bizima
tubiheshejwe no kuzuka kwa Yesu Kristo."
1 Petero 2: 9: "Ariko mwebweho muri ubwoko bwatoranijwe, abatambyi b'ubwami,
ishyanga ryera n'abantu Imana yaronse, kugira ngo mwamamaze ishimwe
ry'Iyabahamagaye, ikabakura mu mwijima ikabageza mu mucyo wayo w'itangaza."
1 Petero 2:24: "Ubwe yikoreye ibyaha byacu mu mubiri we abibambanwa ku giti, kugira
ngo dupfe ku byaha duhereko tubeho ku gukiranuka. Imibyimba ye ni yo yabakijije."
1 Petero 5: 8-9: "Mwirinde ibisindisha mube maso, kuko umurezi wanyu Satani azerera
nk'intare yivuga ashaka uwo aconshomera. Mumurwanye mushikamye kandi mufite
kwizera gukomeye, muzi yuko bene Data bari mu isi muhuje imibabaro. "
Inshamake y’igitabo: Nubwo iki gihe cyo gutotezwa cyari igihe cy’ubwihebe, Petero
ahishura ko mu byukuri cyari igihe cyo kwishima. Ahamya rwose ko ari iby’igikundiro
kubabazwa kubwa Kristo, nkuko Umukiza wabo yabababariye. Uru rwandiko rwerekeza ku
byamubayeho na Petero ku giti cye na Yesu n'inyigisho ze zo mu gitabo cy'Ibyakozwe
n'Intumwa. Petero yemeza ko Satani ari umwanzi ukomeye wa buri mukristo ariko
ibyiringiro byo kugaruka kwa Kristo bizaza bitanga ibyiringiro.
Ihuzamasezerano ku gitabo: Kuba Petero amenyereye amategeko yo mu Isezerano rya
Kera n'abahanuzi byamushoboje gusobanura ibice bitandukanye bya I.K akurikije ubuzima
n'umurimo wa Mesiya, Yesu Kristo. Muri 1 Petero 1:16, asubiramo Abalewi 11:44: ―Mube
abera, kuko ndi uwera.‖ Ariko abanziriza gusobanura ko kwera bitagerwaho no kubahiriza
amategeko, ahubwo ku bw’ubuntu bwahawe abantu bose bizera Kristo (umurongo wa 13).
Byongeye kandi, Petero asobanura ibyerekeranye n '―ibuye rikomeza imfuruka‖ muri
Yesaya 28:16 na Zaburi 118: 22 nka Kristo, wanzwe n'Abayahudi kubera kutumvira no
kutizera kwabo. Andi masezerano yo mu Isezerano rya Kera arimo ayerekeye Kristo
utarakoze icyaha (1 Petero 2:22 / Yesaya 53: 9) hamwe n'inama ku mibereho yera binyuze
ku mbaraga z'Imana zitanga imigisha (1 Petero 3:10:12; Zaburi 34: 12-16; 1) Petero 5: 5;
Imigani 3:34).
Gushyira mu bikorwa: Ibyiringiro by’ubugingo buhoraho bihabwa abakristo bose.
Bumwe mu buryo bwo kumenyana na Kristo ni ugusangira imibabaro ye. Kuri twe ibyo
byaba ari ukwihanganira ibitutsi n’akarengane biterwa n’agakiza Ibi ni bito cyane
ugereranije n’ibyo Kristo yatubabariye ku musaraba. Hagarara kubyo uzi kandi wizera ko
ari byiza kandi wishimire igihe isi na Satani bigamije kukugirira nabi.

2 PETERO
Umwanditsi: 2 Petero 1: 1 havuga mu buryo bwihariye ko intumwa Petero ariwe
mwanditsi wa 2 Petero. Ubwanditsi bwa Petero bwa 2 Petero bwamaganwe kuruta ikindi
gitabo icyo ari cyo cyose mu Isezerano Rishya. Ariko, ba se b'itorero rya mbere basanze nta
mpamvu ifatika yo kubyanga. Ntabwo tubona impamvu yumvikana yo kwanga umwanditsi
wa Petero wa 2 Petero.
Itariki Cyandikiwemo: Igitabo cya 2 Petero cyanditswe kugeza ku iherezo ry'ubuzima
bwa Petero. Kubera ko Petero yiciwe i Roma ku ngoma ya Nero, urupfu rwe rugomba kuba
rwarabaye mbere ya 68. Birashoboka cyane ko yanditse Petero 2 hagati ya 65 na 68.
Impamvu Cyanditswe: Petero yatewe ubwoba nuko abigisha b'ibinyoma batangiye
kwinjira mu matorero. Yahamagariye abakristo gukura no gukomera mu kwizera kwabo
kugira ngo bashobore kumenya no kurwanya ubuhakanyi bukwirakwira. Yashimangiye
cyane ko Ijambo ry'Imana ari ukuri no kugaruka k'Umwami Yesu.
Imirongo Fatizo:
2 Petero 1: 3-4: ―kuko Imbaraga z'ubumana bwayo zatugabiye ibintu byose bizana
ubugingo no kūbaha Imana, tubuheshejwe no kumenya neza uwaduhamagarishije ubwiza
bwe n'ingeso ze nziza. Ibyo ni byo byatumye aduha ibyo yasezeranije by'igiciro cyinshi,
bikomeye cyane kugira ngo bibatere gufatanya na kamere y'Imana, mumaze guhunga no
gukira kononekara kwazanywe mu isi no kwifuza. ‖
2 Petero 3: 9: ―Umwami Imana ntitinza isezerano ryayo, nk'uko bamwe batekereza yuko
iritinza. Ahubwo itwihanganira idashaka ko hagira n'umwe urimbuka, ahubwo ishaka ko
bose bihana. ‖
2 Petero 3:18: ―Ahubwo mukurire mu buntu bw'Imana no kumenya Yesu Kristo Umwami
wacu n'Umukiza. Icyubahiro kibe icye none n'iteka ryose. Amen.‖
Ijambo rigaruka cyane muri iki gitabo ni "ubumenyi," kimwe n’amagambo afitanye isano,
agarukamo byibuze inshuro 13 mu gitabo cya 2 Petero.
Inshamake y’igitabo: Kubera ko yari azi ko igihe cye ari gito (2 Petero 1: 13-15) kandi
ayo matorero yahuye n'akaga ako kanya (2 Petero 2: 1-3), Petero yahamagariye abasomyi
kuvugurura ibyo bibuka (2 Petero 1:13) kandi ubashishikarize gutekereza (2 Petero 3: 1-2)
kugirango bibuke inyigisho ze (2 Petero 1:15). Yahamagariye abizera kurushaho gukura mu
kwizera kwabo n’ imico myiza y'abakristo, bityo bagatanga umusaruro mu bumenyi bwabo
kuri Yesu Kristo (2 Petero 1: 5-9). Yavuze ku banditsi b’amasezerano yombi no ku kwizera
kwabo (2 Petero 1: 12-21, 3: 2, 3: 15-16). Petero yifuzaga ko bakomera mu kwizera kwabo
kugira ngo bahangane n'abigisha b'ibinyoma binjiye mu itorero kandi bigira ingaruka mbi
ku matorero. Mu kubamagana, yasobanuye imyitwarire yabo, kwamaganwa kwabo,
n'ibibaranga (2 Petero igice cya 2), kandi ko bahakana kugaruka kwa Kristo (2 Petero 3: 3-
7). Ku bakristo, Petero yigishije ko kugaruka kwa Kristo aribwo buryo budushoboza
kubaho ubuzima bwejejwe (2 Petero 3:14). Nyuma yo kubaburira bwa nyuma, Petero
yongeye kubashishikariza gukura mu buntu n'ubumenyi bw'Umwami n'Umukiza wabo
Yesu Kristo. Yasoje n'ijambo ryo guhimbaza Umwami n'Umukiza we (2 Petero 3:18).

Ihuzamasezerano Ku Gitabo: Mu kwamagana abahanuzi b'ibinyoma, Petero yasubiyemo

insanganyamatsiko yiganje mu Isezerano rya Kera igomba kuba yari imenyerewe
n’abasomyi be. Benshi mu bakristu ba mbere bahindutse bari abayahudi bigishijwe neza mu
mategeko n'ubahanuzi. Igihe Petero yerekezaga ku ―ijambo ry'abahanuzi‖ bo mu Isezerano
rya Kera muri 2 Petero 1: 19-21, icyarimwe yamaganye abahanuzi b'ibinyoma kandi
yemeza ko abahanuzi b'ukuri bayobowe n'Umwuka Wera wavugaga binyuze muri bo (2
Samweli 23) : 2). Yeremiya na we yagize imbaraga mu kunegura abahanuzi b'ibinyoma,
bariho mu gihe cye abaza ati: " Ibyo bizahereza he kuba mu mitima y'abahanuzi bahanura
ibinyoma, abahanuzi bahanura ibihimbano by'imitima yabo ibeshya? (Yeremiya 23:26).
Ikigaragara ni uko abigisha b'ibinyoma bayobejwe bateye ubwoko bw'Imana mu Isezerano
rya Kera n'Isezerano Rishya baracyari kumwe natwe, bituma urwandiko rwa kabiri rwa
Petero rufite akamaro muri iki gihe nk'uko byari bimeze mu myaka 2000 ishize.

Gushyira mu bikorwa: Mu by’ukuri, nk'abakristu mu kinyejana cya 21, twegereye

kugaruka k'Umwami wacu kuruta abakristo bo mu kinyejana cya mbere banditse iyi
baruwa. Binyuze kuri tereviziyo n’ubundi buryo bw’itumanaho rusange, abakristo bakuze
bazi ko hariho inyigisho, abigisha n’abahanuzi b’ibinyoma, kandi ko no gusobanura nabi
Ibyanditswe bigwiriye. Birakwiye ko abakristo bose bavutse ubwa kabiri bashingira ku
Ijambo ku buryo tuzashobora gutandukanya ukuri n'ibinyoma.
Amabwiriza amwe yo gukura mu kwizera Petero yatanze muri (2 Petero 1: 5-11), igihe
azakomeza gukoreshwa mu buzima bwacu, atwizeza kandi ibihembo byinshi "mu bwami
bw'iteka bw'Umwami n'Umukiza wacu Yesu Kristo" (2 Petero 1) : 10-11). Urufatiro rwo
kwizera kwacu ruzahora ari Ijambo ry'Imana Petero yabwirije.

1 YOHANA
Umwanditsi: urwandiko rwa 1, 2, na 3 za Yohana kuva kera cyane zitirirwa intumwa
Yohana, nawe wanditse ubutumwa bwiza bwa Yohana. Ibirimo, imiterere, n'amagambo bisa
nkaho byemeza ko aya mabaruwa atatu yandikiwe abasomyi bamwe nabandikiwe
ubutumwa bwiza bwa Yohana.
Itariki Cyandikiwemo: Igitabo cya 1 Yohana birashoboka ko cyanditswe hagati ya 85-95.
Impamvu Cyanditswe: Igitabo cya 1 Yohana gisa nk’incamake itanga ubumenyi ku
butumwa bwiza nkuko byanditswe na Yohana kandi bitanga ibyiringiro ku byo bizera muri
Kristo. Ibaruwa ya mbere yerekana ko abayandikiwe bari barakiriye inyigisho z’Ibinyoma
z’Abaginostike (Gnose bivuga ubumenyi bushingiye kuburambe cyangwa imyumvire. Mu
rwego rw’amadini, gnose ni ubumenyi bwamayobera bushingiye kubufatanye butaziguye
n’Imana. Muri sisitemu nyinshi z'Abaginositike, bavuga bakizwa n’ubumenyi bw’ubwiru
bazi ku Mana.) Itorero ryabonye ko izo nyigisho zari ubuyobe, yohana yandika urwandiko
azirwanya.
Imirongo Fatizo:
1 Yohana 1: 9: "Ariko nitwatura ibyaha byacu, ni yo yo kwizerwa kandi ikiranukira
kutubabarira ibyaha byacu no kutwezaho gukiranirwa kose."
1 Yohana 3: 6: "Umuntu wese uguma muri we ntakora ibyaha, umuntu wese ukora ibyaha
ntiyamubonye kandi ntiyamumenye."
1 Yohana 4:4: "Bana bato, muri ab'Imana kandi ba bandi mwarabanesheje, kuko uri muri
mwe aruta uri mu b'isi."
1Yohana 5:13: "Ibyo ndabibandikiye mwebwe abizeye izina ry'Umwana w'Imana, kugira
ngo mumenye yuko mufite ubugingo buhoraho."
Ijambo "ubumenyi," hamwe n’amagambo afitanye isano nabwo, biboneka byibuze inshuro
13 mugitabo cya 1 Yohana.
Incamake Incamake: Abigisha b’ibinyoma b’umwuka bari ikibazo gikomeye mu itorero
rya mbere, umwe wese yavugaga ko yahishuriwe ibi cyangwa yungutse indi nyigisho
yahoze ari ubwiru. Kubera ko nta sezerano Rishya ryuzuye abizera bashoboraga
gushingiraho, amatorero menshi yaguye mu mutego w’abigisha bigishaga ibitekerezo
byabo. Yohana yanditse iyi baruwa kugira ngo atange ibisubizo biboneye ku bibazo bimwe
na bimwe by'ingenzi, cyane cyane bijyanye n'ubumuntu bwa Yesu Kristo.
Kubera ko ibaruwa ya Yohana yari yerekeye ishingiro ryo kwizera Kristo, byafashaga
abasomyi be gutekereza ku kwizera kwabo. Yabafashije gusubiza ikibazo, mbese Turi
abizera nyabo? Yohana yababwiye ko bashobora kuvuga bakareba ibikorwa byabo. Niba
bakundanye, ibyo byari ibimenyetso byerekana ko Imana ihari iba bwabo. Ariko niba
batongana bakarwana igihe cyose cyangwa bakikunda kandi ntibuzuzanye, byari kuba
igihamya ko batari kuba bazi Imana.
Ntabwo bivuze ko bagomba gutungana rwose. Mu byukuri, Yohana yamenye kandi ko
kwizera birimo kwemera ibyaha byacu no gusaba imbabazi z'Imana. Kwishingikiriza ku
Mana kuba yaratwejejeho ibyaha, hamwe no kwemera amakosa yacu ku bandi no
kwikosora, cyari ikindi gice cy’ingenzi cyo kumenya Imana.
Ihuzamasezerano ku gitabo: Kimwe mu bice byakunze kuvugwa cyane ku byerekeye
icyaha kiboneka muri 1Yohana 2:16. Muri iki gice, Yohana asobanura ibintu bitatu
by’imvano y’ ibishuko byambere kandi byangiza isi mubyanditswe Byera byose. Icyaha cya
mbere - kutumvira Eva - byatewe no kuba yarayobye ibishuko bitatu nkuko tubisanga mu
Itangiriro 3: 6: irari ry'umubiri (―gushaka kurya imbuto‖); irari ry'amaso (―gushimisha
ijisho‖); n'ubwibone bw'ubuzima (―bifuzwa kubona ubwenge‖).
Gushyira mu bikorwa: Igitabo cya 1 Yohana n’igitabo cy’urukundo n’ibyishimo.
Urwandiko rwe rurasobanura ubusabane dufitanye n’abandi ndetse na Yesu Kristo.
atandukanya umunezero, w’igihe gito n’ibyishimo nyabyo, 1 Yohana atubwira uko
twabigeraho. Dufashe amagambo yanditswe na Yohana kandi tukayashyira mu bikorwa mu
buzima bwacu bwa buri munsi, urukundo nyarwo, ubwitange, ubusabane, n'ibyishimo
twifuza bizaba ibyacu.

Intumwa Yohana yari azi Kristo neza. Aratubwira ko twese dushobora kugira ubwo bucuti
bwa hafi, bwa hafi na Yesu Kristo. Dufite ubuhamya bw’abantu bari bafite umubonano wa
hafi nawe. Abanditsi b'Ivanjili batanga ubuhamya bwabo bushingiye ku mateka. None, ni
gute ibyo byasohora mu buzima bwacu? Iradusobanurira ko Yesu yaje hano nk'Umwana
w'Imana gushiraho ubumwe natwe dushingiye ku buntu bwayo, imbabazi, urukundo, no
kwemerwa kwe. Inshuro nyinshi rero abantu batekereza ko Yesu ari kure cyane kandi ko
atitaye rwose ku bibazo byacu bya buri munsi. Ariko Yohana aratubwira ko Yesu aba hafi
yacu buri munsi, bya buri munsi mu buzima bwacu ndetse no mu bihe bigoye, bikomeretsa
ubugingo. Yohana ahamya nk’umuhamya wibyamubayeho ko Imana yabaye umubiri kandi
ikabaho nk’umuntu. Ibyo bivuze ko Kristo yaje hano kubana natwe kandi aracyabana
natwe. Nkuko yagendaga mu isi iruhande rwa Yohana, niko agendana buri munsi natwe.
Tugomba gusaba ukuri kwe mu buzima bwacu kandi tukabaho nkaho Yesu ahagaze
iruhande rwacu buri segonda ry’umunsi. Niba dushyize mubikorwa uku kuri, Kristo
azongera kwera mu buzima bwacu, atume turushaho kumera nka We.

2 YOHANA
Umwanditsi: Igitabo cya 2 Yohana ntikivuga izina ry’umwanditsi wacyo. Ibitabo byo mu
bihe bya mbere by'itorero bivuga ko umwanditsi yari intumwa Yohana.
Itariki Cyandikiwemo: Igitabo cya 2 Yohana birashoboka cyane ko cyanditswe mu gihe
kimwe n’andi mabaruwa ya Yohana, 1 na 3 Yohana, hagati ya 85-95.
Impamvu Cyanditswe: Igitabo cya 2 Yohana gisaba byihutirwa ko abasoma ibaruwa ya
Yohana bagomba kwerekana urukundo bakunda Imana n'umwana wayo Yesu bubahiriza
itegeko ryo gukundana no kubaho ubuzima bwabo bumvira Ibyanditswe. Igitabo cya 2
Yohana nacyo ni umuburo ukomeye wo kuba maso kubashuka bagiye kuvuga ko Kristo
atazutse mu mubiri.
Imirongo Fatizo:
2Yohana 6: "Uru ni rwo rukundo: ni uko tugenda dukurikiza amategeko ye. Itegeko
ry'Imana ngiri: ni uko tugendera mu rukundo nk'uko mwigishijwe uhereye mbere na
mbere."
2Yohana 8-9: "Mwirinde mutabura iby'imirimo mwakoze, ahubwo ngo muzahabwe
ingororano itagabanije. Umuntu wese urengaho ntagume mu byo Kristo yigishije ntafite
Imana, naho uguma mu byo yigishije ni we ufite Data wa twese n'Umwana we."
Inshamake y’igitabo: Igitabo cya 2 Yohana cyandikiwe "umubyeyi watoranijwe hamwe
n’abana be." Ibi birashoboka kuba yari umudamu ufite umwanya ukomeye mu itorero
cyangwa ikaba ari imvugo yerekeza ku itorero ryaho. Mu gihe itorero ryarenganywaga
imvugo zijimije nk’izo zarifashishwaga.
Igitabo cya 2 Yohana cyibanze cyane ku miburo yihutirwa yerekeye abigisha b’ibinyoma
batigishaga inyigisho nyazo za Kristo kandi bakomezaga bavuga ko Yesu atazutse mu
mubiri ahubwo ko ari mu mwuka gusa. Yohana afite impungenge cyane ko abizera nyabo
bagomba kumenya abo bigisha b'ibinyoma kandi ntaho bahuriye nabo.
Ihuzamasezerano: Yohana asobanura urukundo ko Atari amarangamutima cyangwa
ibyiyumvo, ahubwo ni ukumvira amategeko y'Imana. Yesu yongeye gushimangira akamaro
k'amategeko, cyane cyane ―itegeko rya mbere kandi rikomeye,‖ gukunda Imana (Gutegeka
6: 5), naho irya kabiri, gukundana (Matayo 22: 37-40; Abalewi 19:18). Aho gukuraho
amategeko y'Isezerano rya Kera y'Imana, Yesu yaje kuyasohoza atanga uburyo bwo
kuyuzuza muri we.
Gushyira mu bikorwa: Dukwiye kuba abakristo basobanukiwe ibyo twizera, bashyira mu
bikorwa ibyo bibiliya yigisha kandi kandi tukirinda inyigisho z’ibinyoma.

3 YOHANA
Umwanditsi: Igitabo cya 3 Yohana ntikuga ry’umwanditsi wacyo. Umugenzo yo mu bihe
bya mbere by’itorero bahamya ko ari intumwa Yohana. Habayeho gushidikanya rimwe na
rimwe byagaragajwe n’abibwiraga ko bishoboka ko ibi byanditswe n’undi mwigishwa wa
Nyagasani witwa Yohana, ariko ibimenyetso byose byerekana umwanditsi nka Yohana
umwigishwa ukundwa arinawe wanditse Ivanjili ya Yohana.
Itariki Cyandikiwemo: Igitabo cya 3 Yohana birashoboka cyane ko cyanditswe mugihe
kimwe nandi mabaruwa ya Yohana, 1 na 2 Yohana, hagati ya 85-95 N.K.
Impamvu Cyanditswe: Intego za Yohana mu kwandika iyi baruwa ya gatatu ni eshatu.
Ubwa mbere, yanditse ashimira kandi atera inkunga mugenzi we bakundaga cyane, Gayo,
mu murimo we wo kwakira abashyitsi intumwa zigenda zagiye ahantu hamwe zamamaza
Ubutumwa bwiza bwa Kristo. Icya kabiri, aragaya ku buryo butaziguye kandi yamagana
imyitwarire ya Diyoterefe umwe, umuyobozi w’igitugu wari warafashe rimwe mu matorero
yo mu ntara ya Aziya, kandi imyitwarire ye ikaba yarwanyaga mu buryo butaziguye ibyo
intumwa n’ubutumwa bwiza bahagarariye. Icya gatatu, arashima urugero rwa Demetiriyo
wavuzwe ko afite ubuhamya bwiza na bose.
Imirongo Fatizo
3 Yohana 4: "Nta cyantera umunezero waruta uwo kumva ko abana banjye bagendera mu
kuri.‖
3 Yohana 11: "Ukundwa, ntukīgane ikibi ahubwo wīgane icyiza. Ukora ibyiza ni we
w'Imana, naho ukora ibibi ntiyari yabona Imana.‖
Incamake y’igitabo: Yohana yanditse yibanda cyane ku kuri kuri uyu muvandimwe
ukundwa cyane muri Kristo, Gayo, umulayiki w'ubutunzi butandukanye mu mujyi uri hafi
ya Efeso. Arashimira cyane ubwitonzi no kwakira abashyitsi aribo ntumwa ze zifite intego
yo gukura Ubutumwa bwiza ahantu hamwe, babaga barabumenye bakabujyana aho butari
bwakabwirijwe. Yohana amushishikariza gukomeza gukora ibyiza no kutigana ikibi, nko
mu ngero za Diyoterefe. Uyu mugabo yari yarigaruriye ubuyobozi bw'itorero muri Aziya
kandi ntiyanze gusa kumenya ubutware bwa Yohana nk'intumwa ahubwo yanze no kwakira
amabaruwa ye no kumvira amabwiriza ye. Yakwirakwije kandi Yohana kandi aca mu
itorero abizera bagaragaje ko bashyigikiye kandi bakira intumwa za Yohana. Mbere yuko
Yohana asoza ibaruwa ye, yashimye kandi urugero rwa Demetiriyo, akaba yarigeze kumva
inkuru nziza zimuturukana.

Ihuzamasezerano Ku Gitabo: kwakira abashyitsi ku bantu batazi gifite ingero nyinshi mu

Isezerano rya Kera. Ibikorwa byo kwakira abashyitsi muri Isiraheli harimo kwicisha bugufi
no kugirira neza abanyamahanga mu rugo kugira ngo babone ibiryo, icumbi, kandi
barindwe (Itangiriro 18: 2-8, 19: 1-8; Yobu 31: 16-23, 31-32). Byongeye kandi, inyigisho
zo mu Isezerano rya Kera zerekana Abisiraheli nk'abantu bitandukanije batunzwe no
kwakira abashyitsi b'Imana (Zaburi 39:12) kandi Imana nayo yabahaye ibyo bakeneye,
ibacungura muri Egiputa no kubagaburira no kubambika mu butayu (Kuva 16); Gutegeka 8:
2-5). Nabo rero bagombaga kugirira iyo neza abandi.
Gushyira mu bikorwa: Yohana, nkuko bisanzwe, ashimangira akamaro ko kugendera mu
kuri kw'Ubutumwa bwiza. Kwakira abashyitsi, gushyigikira no gutera inkunga abakristu
bagenzi bacu ni amwe mu mategeko y'ingenzi y'inyigisho za Yesu, kandi biragaragara ko
Gayo yari urugero rwiza rw'uyu murimo. Tugomba kandi ubufatanye kub bavugabutumwa,
tubaha ikaze mu matorero yacu no mu rugo. Abakozi b'ubutumwa bwiza bakwiye
gushyigikirwa no guterwa inkunga.
Tugomba kandi kwitonda buri gihe dukurikiza gusa urugero rw’abantu amagambo yabo
n’ibikorwa byabo bijyanye n’ubutumwa bwiza, kandi tugashishoza bihagije kugirango
tumenye abameze nka Diotrefe imyitwarire yabo itandukanye n’ibyo Yesu yigishije.

YUDA
Umwanditsi: Yuda 1 hatwereka ko umwanditsi w'igitabo cya Yuda ari Yuda,
umuvandimwe wa Yakobo. Ibi birashoboka ko bivuga ari murumuna wa Yesu, kuko Yesu
nawe yari afite murumuna we witwa Yakobo (Matayo 13:55). Birashoboka ko Yuda
aterekana ko ari umuvandimwe wa Yesu kubera kwicisha bugufi no kubaha Kristo.
Itariki Cyandikiwemo: Igitabo cya Yuda gifitanye isano rya bugufi n’igitabo cya 2 Petero.
Itariki cyandikiwe Yuda biterwa nuko Yuda yakoresheje ibikubiye muri 2 Petero, cyangwa
Petero yakoresheje ibikubiye muri Yuda igihe yandikaga 2 Petero. Igitabo cya Yuda
cyanditswe ahantu hagati ya 60 na 80 N.K.

Impamvu Cyanditswe: Igitabo cya Yuda ni igitabo cy’ingenzi kuri twe uyu munsi kuko
cyandikiwe abo mu bihe by’imperuka, Igihe cy'itorero cyatangiye ku munsi wa pentekote.
Yuda nicyo gitabo cyonyine kibanda mu kurwanya ubuhakanyi kurusha ibindi, Yuda
yanditse ko imirimo mibi ari gihamya cy'ubuhakanyi. Aradukangurira guharanira kwizera,
kuko hariho urukungu mu Masaka. Abahanuzi b'ibinyoma bari mu itorero kandi abera bari
mu kaga. Yuda ni igitabo gito ariko cy’ingenzi gikwiye kwigwa, cyandikiwe umukristo
wese w’iki gihe.
Imirongo Fatizo:
Yuda 3: ―Bakundwa, ubwo nagiraga umwete wo kubandikira iby'agakiza dusangiye
niyumvisemo ko mpaswe no kubahugura, kugira ngo mushishikarire kurwanira ibyo
kwizera abera bahawe rimwe, bakazageza iteka ryose. ‖
Yuda 17-19: "Ariko mwebweho bakundwa, mwibuke amagambo yavuzwe kera n'intumwa
z'Umwami wacu Yesu Kristo, uko zababwiye ziti ―Mu gihe cy'imperuka hazabaho
abakobanyi bagenda bakurikiza kwifuza kwabo kunyuranye n'iby'Imana.‖ Abo ni bo bazana
kwirema ibice, ni abantu buntu ntibafite Umwuka.‖
Yuda 24-25: ―Nuko Ibasha kubarinda ngo mudasitara, no kubahagarika imbere y'ubwiza
bwayo mudafite inenge ahubwo mwishimye bihebuje, ari yo Mana imwe yonyine
n'Umukiza wacu wadukirishije Yesu Kristo Umwami wacu, icyubahiro n'ubushobozi no
kuganza n'ubutware bibe ibyayo, uhereye kera kose ukageza na none n'iteka ryose. Amen.‖
Incamake: Dukurikije umurongo wa 3, Yuda yari afite impungenge zo kwandika
kubyerekeye agakiza kacu; icyakora, yahinduye ingingo kugirango akemure ikibazo cyo
kwizera. Uku kwizera gukubiyemo umwuzuro w'inyigisho za gikristo zigishijwe na Kristo,
nyuma ugahabwa intumwa. Yuda amaze kuburira ku bigisha b'ibinyoma (umurongo wa 4-
16), aratugira inama y’ukuntu dushobora gutsinda intambara yo mu mwuka (umurongo wa
20-21). Dore ubwenge twaba dukwiye kubyemera no kubahiriza nkuko tunyura muri iyi
minsi y’imperuka.
Ihuzamasezerano ku gitabo: Igitabo cya Yuda cyuzuyemo ibyanditswe byo mu Isezerano
rya Kera, harimo no Kuva (umurongo wa 5); Kwigomeka kwa Satani (umurongo wa 6);
Sodomu na Gomora (umurongo wa 7); Urupfu rwa Mose (umurongo wa 9); Kayini
(umurongo wa 11); Balamu (umurongo wa 11); Korah (umurongo wa 11); Henoki (umur.
14,15); na Adamu (umurongo wa 14). Kuba Yuda yarakoresheje amashusho azwi cyane ya
Sodomu na Gomora, Kayini, Balamu, na Korah yibukije abakristu b'Abayahudi ko ari
ngombwa kwizera nyakuri no kumvira.
Gushyira mu bikorwa: Turi mu bihe bidasanzwe mu mateka kandi iki gitabo gito
kirashobora kudufasha kuduha ibisubizo bihagije byo kubaho mu bihe bya nyuma.
Umukristo w'iki gihe agomba kuba arinze inyigisho z'ibinyoma zishobora kutubeshya
byoroshye niba tutazi neza Ijambo. Tugomba kumenya Ubutumwa Bwiza - kuburinda no
kuburwanirira - kandi twemera ubwami bwa Kristo, ibyo bigaragazwa n’impinduka
z’ubuzima. Ukwizera nyako guhora kwerekana imyitwarire isa na Kristo. Ubuzima bwacu
muri Kristo bugomba kwerekana ubumenyi-bwumutima-bushingiye ku bubasha
bw'Umuremyi Ushoborabyose na Data ushyira kwizera mubikorwa. Dukeneye iyo mibanire
yacu na We; icyo gihe nibwo tuzamenya ijwi rye neza ku buryo tutazakurikira undi.

IBYAHISHUWE
Umwanditsi: mu Ibyahishuwe 1: 1, 4,9 na 22: 8 herekana neza uwanditse igitabo
cy'Ibyahishuwe nk'intumwa Yohana.
Itariki Cyandikiwemo: Igitabo cy'Ibyahishuwe birashoboka ko cyanditswe hagati ya 90 na
95.
Impamvu Cyanditswe: Ibyahishuwe na Yesu Kristo Imana yahaye Yohana "kwereka
abakozi bayo ibigomba kuba vuba." Iki gitabo cyuzuyemo amayobera y'ibintu bizaza.
N’umuburo wanyuma ko isi izarangira byanze bikunze kandi n’urubanza
rudashidikanywaho. Kitwereka muri make ibyiza by’ijuru n’inyungu yo kumesa ibishura
mu maraso ya Yesu. Ibyahishuwe bigaragaza ingororano z’abanesheje n’umuriro
uzahanishwa abatizera. Igitabo kivuga ku kugwa kwa Satani ndetse n’amakuba we
n'abamarayika be bagomba kuzagira. Kitwereka inshingano z'ibiremwa byose
n'abamarayika bo mwijuru n'amasezerano y'abera bazabana iteka na Yesu muri Yerusalemu
Nshya. Kimwe na Yohana, biragoye gusobanura ibyo dusoma mu gitabo cy'Ibyahishuwe.
Imirongo Fatizo:
Ibyahishuwe 1:19, "Nuko wandike ibyo ubonye n'ibiriho, n'ibiri bukurikireho hanyuma."
Ibyahishuwe 13: 16-17, "Itera bose aboroheje n'abakomeye, n'abatunzi n'abakene,
n'ab'umudendezo n'ab'imbata, gushyirwaho ikimenyetso ku kiganza cy'iburyo cyangwa mu
ruhanga, kugira ngo hatagira umuntu wemererwa kugura cyangwa gutunda, keretse afite
icyo kimenyetso cyangwa izina rya ya nyamaswa, cyangwa umubare w'izina ryayo.. "
Ibyahishuwe 19:11, ―Mbona ijuru rikinguye kandi ngiye kubona mbona ifarashi y'umweru.
Uhetswe na yo yitwa Uwo kwizerwa, kandi Uw'ukuri. Ni we uca imanza zitabera akarwana
intambara zikwiriye."
Ibyahishuwe 20:11, ―Mbona intebe y'ubwami nini yera mbona n'Iyicayeho, isi n'ijuru
bihunga mu maso hayo, ahabyo ntihaba hakiboneka.‖
Ibyahishuwe 21:1, "Mbona ijuru rishya n'isi nshya, kuko ijuru rya mbere n'isi ya mbere
byari byashize, n'inyanja yari itakiriho."

Incamake y’igitabo: Ibyahishuwe ni igitabo cy’amayerekwa adutangariza iminsi ya nyuma

mbere yuko Kristo agaruka no kwinjizwa mw’ijuru rishya n'isi nshya. Ibyahishuwe
bitangirana n'amabaruwa yandikiwe amatorero arindwi yo muri Aziya Ntoya, hanyuma
akomeza kwerekana urukurikirane rw'ibintu byasenyutse ku isi; ikimenyetso cy'inyamaswa,
―666‖; intambara ya Harimagedoni; Satani abohwa; Ubwami bw’Imana; Urubanza imbere
y'intebe yera; n'imiterere y'umujyi w'iteka w'Imana. Ubuhanuzi buvuga kuri Yesu Kristo
bwarasohoye kandi umuhamagaro usoza iki gitabo utwizeza ko azagaruka vuba.
Ihuzamasezerano ku gitabo: Igitabo cy'Ibyahishuwe ni indunduro y'ubuhanuzi bwerekeye
ibihe by'imperuka, duhereye ku Isezerano rya Kera. Ibisobanuro bya antikristo uvugwa
muri Daniyeli 9:27 byasobanuwe neza mu gice cya 13 cy'Ibyahishuwe. Hanze
y'Ibyahishuwe, ingero z'ubuvanganzo butagaragara muri Bibiliya ni Daniyeli igice cya 7-12,
Yesaya igice cya 24-27, Ezekiyeli igice cya 37-41, na Zekariya igice cya 9-14. Ubu
buhanuzi bwose buhurira mu gitabo cy'Ibyahishuwe.
Gushyira mu bikorwa: Wakiriye Kristo nk'Umukiza wawe? Niba aribyo, ntacyo ufite cyo
gutinya urubanza rw'Imana ku isi nkuko byasobanuwe mu gitabo cy'Ibyahishuwe.
Umucamanza ari mu ruhande rwacu. Mbere yuko urubanza dusangira urubanza, tugomba
guhamya ku nshuti n'abaturanyi kubyerekeye Imana itanga ubugingo bw'iteka muri Kristo.
Ibyabaye muri iki gitabo ni ukuri. Tugomba kubaho ubuzima bwacu nkuko tubyizera
kugirango abandi babone umunezero wacu w'ejo hazaza kandi bashaka kwifatanya natwe
muri uwo mujyi mushya kandi w'icyubahiro.

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