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ALCOHOLS Quiz Sheet

This document discusses alcohols, including their general formulas, classifications as primary, secondary or tertiary alcohols, and how properties such as boiling point and solubility vary with chain length. It also covers the two main methods for producing ethanol - hydration of ethene and fermentation from sugars - and compares their advantages and disadvantages. Finally, it discusses various reactions of alcohols including oxidation, dehydration, and how to test for functional groups.

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najifaahmed223
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32 views

ALCOHOLS Quiz Sheet

This document discusses alcohols, including their general formulas, classifications as primary, secondary or tertiary alcohols, and how properties such as boiling point and solubility vary with chain length. It also covers the two main methods for producing ethanol - hydration of ethene and fermentation from sugars - and compares their advantages and disadvantages. Finally, it discusses various reactions of alcohols including oxidation, dehydration, and how to test for functional groups.

Uploaded by

najifaahmed223
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ALCOHOLS:

What is the general formula of an alcohol?

What is a primary alcohol?

What is a secondary alcohol?

What is a tertiary alcohol?

What happens to the boiling points as length increases?

What happens to melting point as chain length increases?

Why do alcohols have higher boiling points than similar


chain length alkanes?

Describe the solubility of alcohols in water:

Show how small alcohols are soluble in water:

Why does solubility of alcohols decrease as chain length


increases?

Why do alcohols have relatively low volatility?

Bond angles around H-C-H, C-C-O and C-O-H?

What are the two ways that ethanol can be produced?

What is meant by hydration of ethene?


Reagent, catalyst, conditions and mechanism?

Why is a high pressure used in hydration?

Mechanism for hydration of ethene:

What is a biofuel?
ALCOHOLS:
Equation for fermentation?

Conditions?

Why are anaerobic conditions used during fermentation?

Adv and Disadv of using high temp in fermentation:

How is pure ethanol obtained from industrial fermentation?

Compare adv and disadv of hydration and fermentation:

Define the term carbon neutral fuel

Explain whether or not ethanol is a carbon neutral fuel using


equations

General formula for aldehydes and ketones

General formula for carboxylic acids

Primary alcohols-> aldehydes


Reagent, conditions and general equations

Primary alcohols-> carboxylic acid


Reagent, conditions and general equations

Secondary alcohols-> ketones


Reagent, conditions and general equations

Can tertiary alcohols be oxidised any further?

What would happen if a large excess of K2Cr2O7 and H2SO4 is


used?
ALCOHOLS:

Draw the distillation set up and explain the key features

What is reflux?

Draw the reflux setup

Why are anti-bumping granules added in both distillation


and reflux?

What is observed when primary and secondary alcohols are


oxidised?

Half equation for dichromate ions

Role of dichromate ions in the reaction?

What are the two tests for aldehydes and ketones?

Observations of Fehling’s and Benedict’s tests for ketones?

Observations with Tollens for ketones

Observation of F+B for aldehydes?


Explanation

Observation of Tollens for aldehydes?


Explanation

Test for carboxylic acid and observations


What gas is produced, how do you test for it?
ALCOHOLS:
Define dehydration, what mechanism
Reagent?
Condition?

C2H5OH→CH2=CH2 + H2O
Draw the mechanism

Explain major and minor products?

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