Buffer Solution

BUFFER SOLUTIONS
Subjective Type
1. Calculate the mass of (NH)2SO4 in g which must be added to 500 mL of
0.2 M NH3 to yield a solution of pH = 9.35. Kb for NH3 = 1.78 x -10.
2. A 40 mL solution of weak base BOH is titrated with 0.1 N HCI solution.

The pH of solution is found to be 10.04 and 9.14 after the addition of
5.0 mL and 20.0 mL of acid respectively. Find out Kb for weak base.
3. A weak acid HA after treatment with 12 mL of 0.1 M strong base BOH

has a pH of 5. At the end point, the volume of same base required is
26.6 mL. Calculate Ka of acid.
4. The solubility of Pb(OH)2 in water is 6.7 x 10-6 M. Calculate the solubility
of Pb(OH)2 in a buffer solution of PH = 8.
5. The pH of a buffer is 4.745. When 0.01 mole of NaOH is added to 1 litre

of it, the pH changes to 4.832, calculate its buffer capacity.
6. What is the pH of the solution when 0.2 mole of hydrochloric acid is

added to one litre of a solution containing 1 M acetic acid and acetate
ion? Assume that the total volume is one litre. (Ka for CH3COOH = 1.8 x
10-5)
Single correct option type

7. Which of the following can be used as a buffer solution?
(a) A solution containing NaCl and NaOH
(b) A solution containing NaCl and NH4OH
(c) A solution containing sodium acetate
(d) A solution containing ammonium acetate
8. On diluting a buffer solution, its pH

(a) Is increased
(b) Is decreased
(c) Remain constant
(d) changes which cannot be predicted unless dissociation constant
of its weak acid (or base) is provided.
9. 0.1 mol of CH3NH2 (K = 6 x 10-4) is added to 0.08 mol of HCl and the
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1
BUFFER SOLUTIONS
solution is diluted to 1 L. The hydrogen-ion concentration in the solution

is
(a) 5 x 10-5 M (b) 8 × 10-2 M
(c) 1.6 x 10-11 M (d) 6.7 x 10-11 M
10. A buffer of pH = 8.5 is required. If pKa (NH3) = 9.2, the amount of

(NH4)2SO4 to be added in 500 mL of 0.1 M NH4OH would be
(a) 0.004 mol
(c) 0.006 mol
(b) 0.005 mol
(d) 0.008 mol
11. The pH of resultant solution of 20 mL of 0.1 M H3PO4 and 20 ml of 0.1M

H3PO4 is:
(a) pK a 1
(b) pK a 2
pK a1 + pK a 2
(c)
2
(d) 2
Multiple Correct Answers Type

12. A buffer solution can be prepared from a mixture of
(a) sodium acetate and acetic acid in water
(b) sodium acetate and hydrochloric acid in water
(c) ammonia and ammonium chloride in water
(d) ammonia and sodium hydroxide in water
13. Choose the correct statement:

(a) pH of acidic buffer solution decreases if more salt is added
(b) pH of basic buffer increases if more salt is added
(c) pH of acid buffer increases if more salt is added
(d) pH of basic buffer decreases if more salt is added
14. Which of the following will function as buffer?

(a) NaCl + NaOH

2
BUFFER SOLUTIONS
(b) Borax + Boric acid

(c) NaH2PO4 + NaHPO4
(d) NH4Cl + NH4OH
15. In a buffer solution consisting NaH2PO4 and Na2HPO4 (1) NaH2PO4 is acid
and Na2HPO4 is salt
(2) The pH of solution can be calculated using the relation:
 HPO4 2- 
pH = pK 2 + log
 H 2 PO4- 
(3) The Na2HPO4 is acid and NaH2PO4 is salt
(4) The pH cannot be calculated
(a) 1, 2 and 3 are correct

(b) 1 and 2 are correct
(c) 2 and 4 are correct
(d) 1 and 3 are correct
16. In a buffer solution of Na3PO4 and Na2HPO4:

(a) NaH2PO4 is acid and Na2HPO4 is salt
 HPO4 2- 
(b) pH = pK2 of H3PO4+ log
 H 2 PO4- 
(c) Na2HPO4 is acid and NaH2PO4 is salt
 H 2 PO4- 
(d) pH = pK3 of H3PO4 + log
 HPO4 2- 
Matching Column Type

17. Match the following:
Column I lists the constituents of a few buffer solution and Column
II includes their buffer pH range. Match the correct choice from
these two columns.
Column I Column II
(A) Acetic acid + Sodium (P) 2.2-3.8

acetate
(B) Boric acid + Borax (Q) 3.7-5.6
(C) Borax + NaOH (R) 5.0-6.3

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BUFFER SOLUTIONS
(D) Phthalic acid + Potassium (S) 9.2-11.0

acid phthalate
(E) (T) 6.8-9.2
(F) (U) 11.0-12.0
Integer Type
18. A certain buffer solution contains equal concentration X- and HX.
Then Kb for X- is 10-10. The pH of the buffer is:
19. pKa value of acetic acid is 4.75. If the buffer solution contains
0.125 M acetic acid and 0.25 M sodium acetate the pH of buffer
solution is:
Comprehension Type
Higher the amount of acid or base used to produce a definite change of
pH in a buffer solution, higher will be its buffer capacity. Buffer capacity
of solution is maximum under the following conditions:
[Salt] = [Acid] (in acid buffer)
[Salt] = [Base] (in base buffer)
pH of a buffer solution lies in the range given below:
pH = pKa  1
In other words, any buffer solution can be used as buffer up to two pH

units only, depending upon the value of pKa or pKb. A buffer is said to be
efficient when pH = pKa or pOH = pKb
20. For preparing a buffer solution of pH = 7.0, which buffer system

you will choose?
(a) H3PO4, H2PO4- (b) H2PO4-, HPO42-
(c) HPO42-, PO43- (d) H3PO4, PO43-
21. The buffer capacity is equal to:

Δn pH
(a) (b)
ΔpH Δn
(c) ± pK a (d) none of these
22. A buffer of acetic acid (pKa = 4.8) with sodium acetate will be,
when CH3COOH and CH3COONa are present in equivalent
amounts has pH limits equal to:
(a) 0 to 4.8 (b) 3.8 to 5.8

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BUFFER SOLUTIONS
(c) 4.3 to 5.3 (d) 4.8
23. Buffer capacity is maximum when:

(a) one mole of NH4Cl is added to two moles of NH4OH
(b) one mole of NH4Cl is added to one mole of NH4OH
(c) one mole of NH4Cl is added to one mole of NaOH
(d) one mole of NaCl is added to one mole of NaOH
ANSWER KEY
Subjective Type
1. 5.248 g
2. 1.81 x 10-5
3. 8.219 × 10-6
4. 1.20 x 10-3 M
5. 0.115
6.4.5687

5
BUFFER SOLUTIONS
Single Correct Answer Type

7. (d) 8. (c) 9. (d) 10. (b) 11. (b)
Multiple Correct Answers Type

12. (a, c) 13. (b, c) 14. (b, d) 15. (b). 16. (a, b)
Matching Column Type

17. (a→q), (b→ t), (c→ s), (d→p)
Integer Type
18. (4) 19. (5)
Comprehension Type
20. (b) 21. (a) 22. (b) 23. (b)

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BUFFER SOLUTIONS

2. A 40 mL solution of weak base BOH is titrated with 0.1 N HCI solution.

3. A weak acid HA after treatment with 12 mL of 0.1 M strong base BOH

5. The pH of a buffer is 4.745. When 0.01 mole of NaOH is added to 1 litre

6. What is the pH of the solution when 0.2 mole of hydrochloric acid is

Single correct option type

8. On diluting a buffer solution, its pH

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solution is diluted to 1 L. The hydrogen-ion concentration in the solution

10. A buffer of pH = 8.5 is required. If pKa (NH3) = 9.2, the amount of

11. The pH of resultant solution of 20 mL of 0.1 M H3PO4 and 20 ml of 0.1M

Multiple Correct Answers Type

13. Choose the correct statement:

14. Which of the following will function as buffer?

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(b) Borax + Boric acid

(a) 1, 2 and 3 are correct

16. In a buffer solution of Na3PO4 and Na2HPO4:

Matching Column Type

(A) Acetic acid + Sodium (P) 2.2-3.8

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(D) Phthalic acid + Potassium (S) 9.2-11.0

In other words, any buffer solution can be used as buffer up to two pH

20. For preparing a buffer solution of pH = 7.0, which buffer system

21. The buffer capacity is equal to:

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(c) 4.3 to 5.3 (d) 4.8

23. Buffer capacity is maximum when:

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Single Correct Answer Type

Multiple Correct Answers Type

Matching Column Type

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