Determine the use of trainer by connecting resistors in series and parallel (Open Ended Lab)

Muhammad Ahsan Aftab (0043)

National Textile University

BS Textile Engineering
Textile Processing

Experiment No. 2
Determine the use of Trainer by connecting resistors in series and parallel
(Open-End Lab)

Electrical & Electronic Systems – LAB (EE-3001L)

Processing and Group 3

6th Semester

Muhammad Ahsan Aftab

20-NTU-TE-0043

Date Experiment was Conducted: 23/02/2023

Date Report was Submitted: 02/03/2023

1
Determine the use of trainer by connecting resistors in series and parallel (Open Ended Lab)

Muhammad Ahsan Aftab (0043)

Abstract:
In this experiment, The trainer was used in this experiment to measure the voltage and resistance
across parallel and series circuits. The resistors were placed in a series circuit, their resistance
was measured using a DMM, followed by measurements of their voltage and, finally, current.
The parallel circuit followed the same process. Following that, conclusions were drawn and the
values were written in the table.

2
Determine the use of trainer by connecting resistors in series and parallel (Open Ended Lab)

Muhammad Ahsan Aftab (0043)

Table of Contents
Abstract:............................................................................................................................................i
Table of Contents............................................................................................................................ii
1. Introduction…………………………...………………………………………………………1
1.1 Objectives............................................................................................................................1
1.2. Theory..................................................................................................................................1
2. Experimental Procedure...........................................................................................................1
3. Results and Discussion.............................................................................................................1
4. Conclusion................................................................................................................................1
5. References................................................................................................................................1

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Determine the use of trainer by connecting resistors in series and parallel (Open Ended Lab)

Muhammad Ahsan Aftab (0043)

1. Introduction

1.1. Objectives
In this experiment, our objective was to use the trainer by connecting two resistors in series and
parallel. Also we have to find resistance and current in both parallel and series circuit.
1.2. Theory
A resistor controls the flow of the electrical current within a circuit. Resistors are made from
materials like copper or carbon, which make it difficult for the electrical charges to flow through
a circuit. A breadboard is used to build and test circuits quickly before finalizing any circuit
design. The breadboard has many holes into which circuit components like ammeter terminals
and resistors can be inserted. Resistors can be used in combination with an ammeter to measure
the current flowing through a circuit. In fact, resistors are often used specifically for this purpose,
as they are designed to limit the flow of current through a circuit. By inserting a resistor into a
circuit and measuring the voltage drop across it with an ammeter, it is possible to calculate the
current flowing through the circuit using Ohm's law (I = V/R), where I is the current, V is the
voltage across the resistor, and R is the resistance of the resistor

2. Experimental Procedure
At first the resistors were connected in series circuit. Then their resistances were measured using
digital multimeter. Then their value was calculated using the color coding on them through the
already given calculated color values. Then, voltage was given to breadboard using trainer. After
that, the voltage among the resistors was measured using digital multimeter (DMM).Then,
Ammeter was connected to circuit in series and current was measured because current is remain
same in series circuit but voltage is varied.. After that the exact same procedure was repeated for
the parallel circuit as well and ammeter was connected in series with parallel resistor circuit and
current value was recorded, current was measured both resistors separately because current was
not same in parallel structure. And at last, the current was measured across both resistors.

Series Circuit Parallel Circuit

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Determine the use of trainer by connecting resistors in series and parallel (Open Ended Lab)

Muhammad Ahsan Aftab (0043)

3. Results and Discussion

In electric circuit, a series circuit comprises a path along which the whole current flows
through each component. A parallel circuit comprises branches so that the current divides
and only part of it flows through any branch.
A parallel circuit comprises branches so that the current divides and only part of it flows
through any branch. The voltage, or potential difference, across each branch of a parallel
circuit is the same, but the currents may vary.
In a series circuit, the output current of the first resistor flows into the input of the second
resistor; therefore, the current is the same in each resistor. In a parallel circuit, all of the
resistor leads on one side of the resistors are connected together and all the leads on the
other side are connected together.
Series Circuit Analysis:
Item Measured Calculated
Value Value
R1 2670 Ω 2700 Ω
R2 570 Ω 600 Ω
REq 3240 Ω 3300 Ω
Vin 11.04 V 12 V
VR1 9.1 V 10.2 V
VR2 1.94 V 1.8 V
IR1 2.3 mA 3.4 mA
IR2 2.3 mA 3.4 mA

Parallel Circuit Analysis:

Item Measured Calculated
Value Value
R1 2670 Ω 2700 Ω
R2 570 Ω 600 Ω
REq 500 Ω 520 Ω
Itotal 20.5 mA 22 mA
I1 2.4 mA 4.1 mA
I2 17 mA 18.9 mA
V 11.12 V 12 V

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Determine the use of trainer by connecting resistors in series and parallel (Open Ended Lab)

Muhammad Ahsan Aftab (0043)

4. Conclusion
In this lab, both series and parallel measurements of resistor values were made. Also, the value
of colour coding was assessed. A digital multimeter (DMM) was also used to measure the
voltage that was applied to resistors. The current was finally measured. The breadboard was used
to make the circuits on it. Also, the digital multimeter was used to measure the voltage and
resistance.

5. References (If any)

The references of data which I was used in this experiment are given below.
(Awalt n.d.)
Awalt, Ashley. How to Apply Ohm’s Law to Series and Parallel Circuits. n.d.
https://www.digikey.ph/en/blog/how-to-apply-ohms-law-to-series-and-parallel-
circuits#:~:text=In%20a%20parallel%20circuit%20the,with%20a%20few%20values
%20given.
(BYJU'S n.d.)
BYJU'S. n.d. https://byjus.com/physics/voltage-in-series/.