THUONG MAI UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF ENGLISH

PRESENTATION
[Topic]: JOB OPPORTUNITIES FOR STUDENTS - PAST,
PRESENT AND FUTURE

Subject: Business English 1.2

Class code: 231_ENPR4911
Teacher: Vu Thi Hoai
Presenter: Group 14

Hanoi - 2023

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 OUTLINE
INTRODUCTION.........................................................................................................3

I. JOB OPPORTUNITIES FOR STUDENTS IN THE PAST..................................4

1.1. Traditional part-time jobs..................................................................................4

1.2. Role of internship................................................................................................4
1.3. Freelancing..........................................................................................................4

II. JOB OPPORTUNITIES FOR STUDENTS IN THE PRESENT........................5

2.1. Remote work........................................................................................................5

2.2. Online gigs...........................................................................................................6
2.3. Online tutoring.....................................................................................................6
2.4. Evolution of traditional part-time jobs................................................................7

III. JOB OPPORTUNITIES FOR STUDENTS IN THE FUTURE........................7

3.1. Emerging tech and STEM fields:......................................................................7

3.2. Green energy and sustainability:.......................................................................8
3.3. Healthcare and biotechnology:..........................................................................8
3.4. Remote work trends:..........................................................................................8
3.5. AI and automation’s impacts:............................................................................9
3.6. Education technology’s growth:........................................................................9

CONCLUSION............................................................................................................10

* Division of duties...................................................................................................12
* Discussion process.................................................................................................12
* Evaluation..............................................................................................................12

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 INTRODUCTION
In the dynamic landscape of education and career development, the exploration of job
opportunities for students stands as a critical focal point. As we delve into the realms
of the past, present, and future, it becomes imperative to define the scope of this
discourse. The term "job opportunities for students" encompasses the various pathways
and avenues available to individuals engaged in their academic pursuits. From part-
time positions to internships, and eventually, full-fledged career options, the spectrum
is vast and ever-evolving.
Understanding the significance of student job opportunities is paramount in navigating
the intricate intersection between academia and the professional realm. It goes beyond
the mere acquisition of financial support during the educational journey; it is a
transformative experience that shapes one's skills, perspectives, and aspirations. As we
embark on this exploration, we unravel the historical context, scrutinize the present
landscape, and speculate on the future trends, recognizing the pivotal role that these
opportunities play in sculpting the career trajectories of our future workforce.

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I. JOB OPPORTUNITIES FOR STUDENTS IN THE PAST

1.1. Traditional part-time jobs

In the past, traditional part-time jobs were similar to what they are today, with
individuals working for a limited number of hours per week. However, there may have
been some differences in the type of jobs available and the industries that offered part-
time positions.
Back then, common traditional part-time jobs included roles such as factory
workers, clerical assistants, delivery drivers, and seasonal workers. These jobs were
often found in manufacturing, administrative, transportation, and agricultural sectors.
Additionally, part-time jobs in the past may have had different working
conditions and employment arrangements compared to today. For example, there may
have been fewer regulations regarding minimum wage, working hours, and employee
benefits. Part-time workers may have had less job security and fewer opportunities for
advancement compared to full-time employees.

1.2. Role of internship

An internship is a professional learning experience that offers meaningful,
practical work related to a student’s field of study or career interest. An internship
gives a student the opportunity for career exploration and development, and to learn
new skills. It offers the employer the opportunity to bring new ideas and energy into
the workplace, develop talent and potentially build a pipeline for future full-time
employees. A quality internship:
Internships are supervised, structured learning experiences in a professional
setting that allow you to gain valuable work experience in a student’s chosen field of
study. Internships require a minimum of 120 hours (typically, at least 10 hours per
week during the fall and spring and either part-time or full-time during the summer).

 Consists of a part-time or full-time work schedule that includes no more than

25% clerical or administrative duties.
 Provides a clear job/project description for the work experience.
 Orient the student to the organization, its culture and proposed work
assignment(s).
 Helps the student develop and achieve learning goals.
 Offers regular feedback to the student intern.

1.3. Freelancing
Essentially, a freelance job is one where a person works for themselves, rather
than for a company. While freelancers do take on contract work for companies and
organizations, they are ultimately self-employed.
Freelancers are responsible for all sorts of things that traditional employees are not,
such as setting their work hours, keeping track of time spent on different projects,
billing clients, and paying their own employment and business taxes. Freelancers are
not considered “employees” by the companies they work for, but rather “contractors.”
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 Moreover, When you're hired to do a salaried job, you may not be eligible for
overtime pay -- which means during those busy weeks, you're not seeing a dollar more
in your bank account despite being chained to your desk. But as a freelancer, you get
paid for all of the work you do. So the more you're willing to push yourself, the more
income potential you might have.

II. JOB OPPORTUNITIES FOR STUDENTS IN THE PRESENT

With the development of technology and globalization all around the world,
especially in Vietnam. Unlike in the past, there are a wide range of chances for the
youngsters to get a job without any difficulties.
Industries in many different fields are moving at lightning speed day by day,
along with the need for flexibility in the way workers work. That is also the key point
to help young people apply for many different jobs without getting stuck in their
school schedules.

2.1. Remote work

One of the most popular jobs that attract young adults is the remote work - the
practice of employees doing their jobs from a location other than a central office
operated by the employer . PwC (world's leading auditing and consulting company)
has proven that up to 80% of businesses believe that applying remote working is an
inevitable trend for the current labor market in Viet Nam
Popular remote working models today:
Fully Remote – Asynchronous
Fully Remote – Synchronous
Hybrid
Partially Remote

Benefits
 Minimize travel time and costs: When working from home, you can save a lot
of time commuting. In addition, you can also reduce costs for gasoline, public
transportation, and transportation services. When working from home, you don't
have to deal with dust, traffic jams or noise from car horns. From there, you can
reduce stress every time you go to work.
 Flexible working time and space: When working at home, you can choose the
space, outfit or working method that is most suitable and comfortable for you. It
will be easier for employees to do their work more effectively than if they apply
a working style set forth by the business itself.
 Increase concentration at work: Working at home will help you reduce
distractions caused by noise from computers, colleagues, and even limit private
conversation time with people around you.

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  Relieve stress: Work from home will make it easier for employees to manage
stress. You can create short periods of a few minutes during work to exercise
and rest each time you work to reduce fatigue.

2.2. Online gigs

The online gig economy can be defined as: The online labor market
characterized by the prevalence of short-term job commitments vs. permanent jobs.
Contractors or freelancers offer their services or products and accept clients
independently and on their own terms: they are their own boss.
In the context of online freelance work and platforms like Fiverr, a "gig" refers
to a specific service or task that a freelancer offers to clients. It's similar to a job or
project, but it's often smaller in scale and typically has a fixed scope and price.

2.3. Online tutoring

Online teaching (also known as e-learning) is a method of virtual learning through
computers and smartphones connected to the network to a server elsewhere.
During the outbreak of Covid-19 in 2019, many schools that could not organize
centralized teaching converted to online teaching through Google Meet, Microsoft
Teams, myViewBoard education ecosystem, ...
Example illustrating a math hour on the Whiteboard software of ViewSonic's
myViewBoard ecosystem:

Advantage
 Save time and study costs: Learners and teachers will not waste time traveling
from home to class. For those who go to school or teach far from home, they
can also save on rent and food costs. With online courses on platforms, learners
can study many courses at the same time, and even learn many degrees and
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 certificates in a short time. This will help them optimize their learning time and
save money compared to traditional learning methods that take months.
 Promote proactive learning in learners: Learners can proactively choose
online courses that suit their personal development needs. They can learn at a
pace that suits them without being affected by fixed study programs that last for
many months like traditional classrooms.
 Expanding learning opportunities: Developing online learning helps learners
take classes in other regions and countries. Thanks to that, you can easily access
the knowledge you want to learn without having to travel far.

2.4. Evolution of traditional part-time jobs

For many people, especially students, they are probably familiar with the phrase
"part-time job" or part-time job. Part-time work not only helps you ensure a full school
schedule, but also helps you earn extra income to cover your living expenses.
Not only students, but people who already have official jobs and still want to
find other jobs outside of office hours to accumulate more knowledge and earn some
extra income are also suitable candidates for this type of job.

Advantages
 Part-time jobs are mostly jobs that do not require much expertise. Therefore,
you can easily do it without too much pressure.
 They will help you gain new experiences, help you develop soft skills such as
handling situations, communication skills, problem solving, etc. And these are
skills that will help you score more points in the eyes of employers for future
main jobs.
 During your work, you can also get to know and build relationships with more
people, expanding your important circle of connections.

III. JOB OPPORTUNITIES FOR STUDENTS IN THE FUTURE

3.1. Emerging tech and STEM fields:

 Students pursuing STEM degrees or with a strong interest in technology can
consider future opportunities in these rapidly growing sectors, including
internships or co-op programs.
 Internships and Co-ops: Many companies offer internships and co-op
programs specifically designed for students. These opportunities can provide
hands-on experience in emerging technology and STEM fields.
 Research Assistantships: Students pursuing degrees in STEM can explore
research assistant positions within their academic institutions, assisting
professors and researchers on cutting-edge projects.

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  Tech Competitions: Students can participate in tech competitions, hackathons,
and coding challenges to showcase their skills and potentially win prizes or job
offers.
 Online Courses and Certifications: Students can take advantage of online
courses and certifications in emerging technologies to enhance their knowledge
and qualifications.
3.2. Green energy and sustainability:
As sustainability becomes a global priority, students can explore opportunities in
green energy research, sustainable agriculture, or eco-friendly entrepreneurship.
 Internships in Environmental Organizations: Students interested in
sustainability and green energy can seek internships with environmental
organizations, renewable energy companies, or sustainability departments in
larger corporations.
 Research Opportunities: Academic institutions often have research projects
related to sustainability and renewable energy, where students can gain research
experience.
 Green Startups and Entrepreneurship: Aspiring student entrepreneurs can
focus on green startups, developing eco-friendly products or services that
contribute to sustainability efforts.
 Networking Events: Students can attend sustainability conferences, seminars,
and networking events to connect with professionals and gain insights into
career opportunities in this field.

3.3. Healthcare and biotechnology:

Students studying life sciences or healthcare-related fields can consider future
opportunities in healthcare, research, or biotechnology internships.
 Clinical Internships: Pre-med and life science students can pursue clinical
internships in hospitals or medical research facilities to gain hands-on
experience.
 Biotech Research Programs: Universities and biotech companies often offer
research programs for students, providing opportunities to work on cutting-edge
biotechnology projects.
 Medical Volunteering: Volunteering at healthcare facilities can give students
exposure to the medical field and help build their resumes.
 Advanced Degrees and Professional Programs: Many students interested in
healthcare and biotechnology pursue advanced degrees (e.g., medical school,
graduate programs) to prepare for careers as doctors, researchers, or other
healthcare professionals.

3.4. Remote work trends:

Students may continue to benefit from remote work trends, allowing them to gain
experience in various industries while still attending school.

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  Remote Internships: With the increasing availability of remote work, students
can secure remote internships in various industries, gaining valuable work
experience while still in school.
 Freelancing and Remote Gig Work: Students can explore freelancing
platforms to offer their skills or services, such as content writing, graphic
design, or programming.
 Virtual Research Opportunities: Students interested in research can
collaborate with professors or organizations on research projects that can be
conducted remotely.

3.5. AI and automation’s impacts:

Students interested in AI and automation can explore internships, research
opportunities, or coursework in these fields, preparing them for future job
opportunities.
 AI Research and Development Internships: Students can seek internships at
companies or research institutions focused on AI and automation, gaining
experience in developing AI-driven solutions.
 AI Ethics and Policy: As AI and automation raise ethical and policy questions,
students interested in law, ethics, or policy can explore opportunities to work on
these issues.
 Machine Learning and Data Science Training: Students can take courses and
engage in projects related to machine learning and data science to build relevant
skills.

3.6. Education technology’s growth:

Students studying education or technology-related fields can explore opportunities
in educational technology, either by developing ed-tech tools or by assisting in the
implementation of such tools in educational institutions.
 Ed-Tech Internships: Students studying education or technology can seek
internships at ed-tech companies to gain experience in the development and
implementation of educational technology.
 Online Teaching and Tutoring: Students can explore opportunities to become
online tutors or instructors, sharing their knowledge with others through online
platforms.
 Research on Ed-Tech Efficacy: Students interested in educational research
can contribute to studies evaluating the effectiveness of educational technology.

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 CONCLUSION

To conclude, there are many differences between the job opportunities for young
generation in the past, at present and in the future
In the past, part-time job opportunities mainly focused on traditional jobs such
as customer service, housekeeping, sales, or working in restaurants, small stores, and
offices. Different working conditions and employment arrangements. Internship and
freelancer are two kinds of part time job that was the most common with colleagues
At present, there are more diverse jobs such as: remote work, online tutoring
and renovation of traditional part time jobs for students because of social development.
They also can make end meets easier due to the chances of jobs are growing rapidly
In the future, technology will be the major point to boost the career
opportunities for the young adults in the near future. In the future, it is expected that
developments in artificial intelligence (AI) and automation will create more part-time
employment opportunities. Jobs such as chatbot-powered customer service, testing and
deployment of new technology products could become a potential field
Moreover, as sustainability becomes a global priority, students can explore
opportunities in green energy research, sustainable agriculture, or eco-friendly
entrepreneurship…

Encouragement for students to adapt and explore diverse options

Nowadays, society is developing more and more on a daily basis, many types of
part-time jobs for youngsters appear more quickly. This is a great way for them to gain
experience, develop their skills and build confidence in their career.
Gain experience: Working part-time helps students have the opportunity to interact
with a real working environment and practice practical skills. They can learn to work
independently, manage their time, and communicate effectively. These experiences are
important to prepare for future careers.

 Skill development: Part-time jobs can help students develop many different
skills, including time management skills, communication skills, task handling
skills and creative thinking. These skills are not only useful at work but also in
everyday life.
 Build confidence: With each new part-time job, students have the opportunity
to get acquainted with new environments and different work partners. This
helps them develop confidence and flexibility in adapting to new situations.
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  Expand your social network: Working part-time allows students to meet and
work with many other people, thereby expanding their social network. This can
create new opportunities and open doors in the future.

Final thoughts on the dynamic nature of student job prospects.

In my opinion, The dynamic nature of students' employment prospects is considered
an important factor in the modern world. However, the final thoughts on this nature
may vary depending on each person's perspective and experience.

 Some may argue that the dynamic nature of student employment prospects is a
major advantage. Students are often flexible, willing to learn and adapt quickly
to new environments. This helps them be confident when looking for job
opportunities and easily adapt to new jobs. Besides, the dynamic nature allows
students to explore many fields and build diversity in their careers.
 However, some may view the dynamic nature of student employment prospects
rather harshly. The business environment can change rapidly and there are
many unstable factors, leading to uncertainty in finding a job. Students may feel
pressured to adapt to constant changes and be uncertain about their future. At
the same time, the dynamic nature can also cause stress and anxiety about not
being able to maintain a stable job.
 So, a final thought on the dynamic nature of student employment prospects can
be either positive or negative depending on personal perspective and analysis.
Most importantly, students must consider and prepare for the challenges this
nature brings and be willing to take advantage of the opportunities to grow and
succeed in their careers.

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eREPORT

* Division of duties

No. Name Student Code Duties

5 Vũ Anh Dũng 22D170030 - Work: Chapter III
- Synthesize and edit the Word file
- Present
28 Lê Hồng Nghĩa 22D170158 - Work: Chapter I, Introduction
- Design PowerPoint and present
36 Trần Hoàng Ninh 22D170186 - Work: Chapter II, Conclusion
- Design PowerPoint and present

* Discussion process

Meeting Time and Place Task

The 1st - Online via Google - Vote leader and secretary
Meeting Meet - Require all members to make the outline
- At 9 pm on October 9, - Be a unified way of working (submit deadline
2023 via drive, exchange work via chat group at
Messenger)

The 2nd - Online via Googlr - Give a complete outline (based on members’
Meeting Meet opinions)
- At 10:30 pm on - Assign duties
October 14, 2023

The 3rd - Offline at class - Test run and balance the time, correct the
Meeting - At 8 am on November unreasonable things
8, 2023

Presentation - On November 16, - Present

2023

* Evaluation

Name Comments Mark

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 Lê Hồng Nghĩa - Complete tasks on time
- Work seriously, responsibly &
actively support everyone
- Actively improve weaknesses
Vũ Anh Dũng - Complete tasks on time
- Actively improve weaknesses
- Actively contribute ideas to the
group
Trần Hoàng Ninh - Complete tasks on time
- Actively improve weaknesses
- Actively contribute ideas to the
group

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