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    1 What Is Public Speaking

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    This document provides an overview of public speaking, including its basic elements and types. It discusses the typical structure of a speech, including the introduction, body, and conclusion. It also outlines key elements of an effective public speaking process such as the speaker, message, audience, and channel. The document emphasizes that understanding audience and having a clear message are important for effective public speaking.

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    1 What Is Public Speaking

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    55 views12 pages
    This document provides an overview of public speaking, including its basic elements and types. It discusses the typical structure of a speech, including the introduction, body, and conclusion. It also outlines key elements of an effective public speaking process such as the speaker, message, audience, and channel. The document emphasizes that understanding audience and having a clear message are important for effective public speaking.

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    This document provides an overview of public speaking, including its basic elements and types. It discusses the typical structure of a speech, including the introduction, body, and conclusion. It also outlines key elements of an effective public speaking process such as the speaker, message, audience, and channel. The document emphasizes that understanding audience and having a clear message are important for effective public speaking.

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    55 views12 pages

    1 What Is Public Speaking

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    alixamattach
    This document provides an overview of public speaking, including its basic elements and types. It discusses the typical structure of a speech, including the introduction, body, and conclusion. It also outlines key elements of an effective public speaking process such as the speaker, message, audience, and channel. The document emphasizes that understanding audience and having a clear message are important for effective public speaking.

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    Public Speaking and Debating

    Semester III:
    Spring 2023/2024
    Session I /25th Sept.
    What is Public Speaking?
    Professor A. El Bakkali
    Outline

    • Basic Elements of Public Speaking


    • Types of public speaking
    • Introduction
    • Body
    • Conclusion
    • Public Speaking Basics
    • Basic Elements of the Public Speaking Process
    • Related elements to good public speaking action
    Basic Elements of Public Speaking
    • What is public speaking? https://www.myenglishpages.com/
    • Public speaking is an important skill in both education and business.
    Public speaking refers to the process of delivering a speech in front of an
    audience. It has a long history and was traditionally viewed as part of the art
    of persuasion.
    • It probably started in ancient Egypt, but the first written documents about
    public speaking go back to the Greeks and Romans.
    • Today, public speaking has evolved considerably thanks to the introduction of
    technologies such as videoconferencing, multimedia presentations, and
    other nontraditional forms.”
    • "The action or practice of addressing public gatherings; the making of
    speeches” The Oxford English Dictionary
    Types of public speaking

    Some broad categories are:

    • informative
    • persuasive
    • ceremonial
    • along with debate, broadcasting, religious talks, etc.
    • Every speech is made up of basic elements of public speaking. Understanding and
    including each of those elements can make a bad speech good, or a good speech
    great. Here are three of the most basic elements and the considerations that each one
    should address.
    Introduction

    • Most people don't pay enough attention to the


    introduction of a speech. The introduction is one
    of the most important parts of the speech
    because if you lose your audience at the
    beginning, getting them back can be next to
    impossible. Here are some things that you should
    have in your introduction
    Key Elements

    • Attention Arguably the most important part of the introduction, you must get
    your audience's attention. A joke, a quote, a startling statistic, any number
    of things can serve the purpose well.
    • Purpose: Why are you speaking to them? What will make listening worth
    their time? You might present your purpose implicitly rather than
    explicitly, but you must present it somehow.
    • Credibility: Many speakers neglect this part of an introduction, but
    depending on your topic, it could be very important. Why are you qualified to
    talk about the things you are talking about? Don't be arrogant, but be certain
    that your audience trusts and believes in you and your knowledge
    • Orientation: Is there any essential background your audience needs to know
    before you get to the essence of your speech?
    Body
    • This is the main content portion of your speech. Exactly what you need to
    include will depend on the purpose of your speech, but here are a few essential
    elements.
    • Organization. Your audience needs to be able to follow you. Be certain that
    you have some sort of pattern.
    • Transitions. Don't just jump from point to point, but smoothly move from one
    issue to the next. Transitions are the 'bridges' of your speech. Without them,
    your audience will get disoriented and you might leave them behind.
    • Development. Your points should build on each other, combining into one
    grand whole. Go from simple to more complex, ending with the most powerful.
    • Climax. At some point, your speech should come to a head. Everything should
    come together, your audience's emotions should be peaked right alongside you,
    and you should largely fulfill your purpose in giving the speech. Developing a
    climax is, in my opinion, the hardest part of speech writing (and the most
    powerful of the basic elements of public speaking).
    Conclusion
    • Here, you should wrap up any loose ends. This is the
    final part of your speech, and also the part your audience
    is most likely to remember. Be certain to include:
    • A final closing example. Drive your point home with
    one more powerful demonstration.
    • Call to action. What should your audience do now? If
    you weren't trying to persuade them to do something,
    what is the most important point that they should take
    away from your speech?
    • Why it mattered. Briefly recap what you said, reminding
    your audience why it mattered.
    Public Speaking Basics

    • The First Principle of Public Speaking. Understand that "a


    person is only as effective as his communication."
    • • Public Speaking Techniques. A number of techniques,
    including utilizing humor, gestures, and repeated phrases,
    can enhance a speaker's effectiveness.
    • • Guidelines for public speaking. There are a few rules that
    one would do well to keep in mind. (Remember, though, that
    none of these rules are hard-and-fast, but rather are just
    guidelines.)
    Basic Elements of the Public Speaking Process

    • SOURCE (or speaker) originates the message.


    MESSAGE verbal and nonverbal messages are an integral part of the
    communication process
    RECEIVER (listener, or audience)
    CHANNEL is the air that carries the sound waves from the mouth of the
    source to the ear of the receiver
    FEEDBACK can be verbal or nonverbal...head nod, smile...
    NOISE is the interference with, or obstacles to, communication
    SITUATION the time, place and occasion in which the message sending
    and receiving occurs
    Key Elements in Public Speaking
    Public speaking and dress. What you wear is important. Your dress forms part of the overall
    impression you give to your audience.
    • Ethics in public speaking. Preparing and delivering your speech.
    • Considering a couple of practical items, what can make a speech go smoothly are mainly the
    three most outstanding elements:
    • Speaker
    • audience
    • speech.
    • You may wish to consider a couple of ethical issues
    • Yourself: your ability to speak, your knowledge about the topic
    • Your audience. Think about who your audience is and talk to them. what you really and
    exactly want them to do.
    • Your message: What do you really want people to know about your topic, issue or event? It
    sounds simple, but you have to get your message clear before trying to publicise it.
    References

    • Carnagey, D. (2021). The art of public speaking. Strelbytskyy Multimedia Publishing.

    • Davidson, J. (2003). The complete guide to public speaking. Breathing Space Institute.

    • Lucas, S., & Stob, P. (2004). The art of public speaking (p. 382). New York: McGraw-Hill.

    • Menzel, K. E., & Carrell, L. J. (1994). The relationship between preparation and performance in public speaking. Communication
    Education, 43(1), 17-26.

    • Miller, E. (2019). Debating and public speaking training for pre-service teachers: Experiences and advantages. In EDULEARN19
    Proceedings 11th International Conference on Education and New Learning Technologies: Palma, Spain. 1-3 July, 2019 (pp. 1963-1967).
    IATED Academy.

    • Nikitina, A. (2011). Successful public speaking. Bookboon.

    • https://www.myenglishpages.com/english/communication-lesson-what-is-public-speakig.php

    • Video: 4 Tips To IMPROVE Your Public Speaking - How to CAPTIVATE an Audience

    • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=962eYqe--Yc&t=604s

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