PRACTICE TEST 12

I. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

1/ WORD CHOICE
Choose the best options to complete the following sentences.
1. This sad song movingly conveys the__________ of the lovers’ final parting.
A. ache B. argument C. anxiety D. anguish
anguish: đau khổ về tinh thần
2. Penicillin, the first antibiotic that successfully killed bacteria and cured infections, was discovered
__________ .
A. by comparison B. by accident C. by choice D. by heart
3. Following the accident, he was prosecuted for __________ driving.
A. rash B. heedless C. irresponsible D. reckless
4. Even the other convicts considered it a __________ crime.
A. guilty B. hard-bitten C. heinous D. hell-bent
hard-bitten : cứng cỏi
hell-bent: determined to do sth without consideration of risks = bent over backwards
heinous: ghê tởm, hung bạo, tàn khốc
5. When facing problems, it is important to keep a sense of __________ .
A. proportion B. introspection C. relativity D. comparison
6. He was caught using forged bank notes to pay for goods and charged with __________ .
A. deception B. fraud C. embezzlement D. theft
7. If the door has jammed, there’s no point in trying to force it open. You’ll probably __________ the
handle off!
A. gouge B. wrench C. pluck D. drag
gouge sth out: đục lỗ
wrench sth off: vặn đứt
8. The police have been ordered not to __________if the students attack them.
A. combat B. rebuff C. retaliate D. challenge
9. He looks very aggressive and threatening, and so his soft, gentle voice is rather __________ .
A. disembodied B. disconcerting C. dismissive D. discordant
10. We are indeed sorry to hear of your mother’s passing; please accept our sincerest __________ .
A. adulation B. concatenations C. condolences D. contortion
condolences: chia buồn
2/ STRUCTURE AND GRAMMAR

11. She worships the sun and __________ she always spend her holidays in Greece.
A. accordingly B. nevertheless C. yet D. however
12. “Why don’t we ask Martin to chair the meeting?”
“Well, suppose _________ to ask him, do you think he would accept?”
A. were we B. had we been C. we had been D. we were
13. Online shoppers are really nervous __________________.
A. about having their credit card number stolen B. to have stolen their credit card number
C. of having stolen their credit card number D. in having their credit card number stolen
14. ___________ from me to tell you how you should run your life.
A. So be it B. Far be it C. Let it be D. Be it not
Far be it from me to do sth:nói rằng không muốn disagree, criticze nhưng thật ra bạn đang làm vậy
15. It is mandatory that smoking in public ____________.
A. prohibit B. prohibited C. be prohibited D. to be prohibited
 16. “Have you decided on a present yet?”
“Almost. I need to choose one of ___________.”
A. exciting new two spy novels B. two spy exciting new novels
C. new two exciting spy novels D. two exciting new spy novels
17. With the success of women’s rights movements, no longer ____________ inferior to men in
society.
A. women have considered B. have women been considered
C. have women considered D. have been women considered
18. I would like to rent a house, modern, comfortable, and ________ in a quiet position.
A. before all B. after all C. first of all D. above all
19. ____________ soft skills learnt at school contribute to a person’s success in his future job.
A. Not only knowledge but B. Knowledge, accompanied by
C. Either knowledge nor D. Knowledge, along with
20. Unemployment is on the rise again, which means that good jobs are ____________.
A. far and away B. far from it
C. few and far between D. as far as they go

3/ PHRASAL VERBS AND PREPOSITIONS

21. He _______ a big fortune when he was young, so he didn't have to work hard.
A. came into B. came up C. came across D. came round
22. As the robbers drove off, the bank manager shouted ,” You’ll never __________ with this. The
police will catch you in the end”.
A. get away B. get off C. be back D. make off
23. We decided to avail ourselves __________ the help they offered.
A. of B. off C. with D. about
Avail oneself of sth:make use of sth
24 When we gave her the bad news, she broke ________ and cried.
A. down B. up C. away D. into
25. I would __________ that plot of land if I were you. They’ll be building there soon.
A. hang onto B. hang on C. hang over D. hang at
Hang onto sth: keep sth
26. She decided to __________ her German by attending an evening course.
A. brush up on B. patch up C. polish off D. dust off
Brush up on sth: improve ur knowledge of sth
Polish off: eat up, finish
27. The medicine takes one hour to _______. .
A. bear with B. kick in C. make out D. get by
28. We were all rather in awe __________ the new computers when they arrived.
A. about B. before C. by D. of
In awe of: respect + fear
29. She had just enough time to __________ the report before the meeting.
A. turn round B. dip into C. get through D. go into
Turn round: manage sth from unsuccessful —> successful/ complete or supply sth in a particular time
30.__ How old do you think Perkins is?
__ Oh, he must be getting __________ eighty, I’d say.
A. away with B. about at C. down to D. on for
be getting on for: get old
4/ COLLOCATIONS AND IDIOMS
 31. Everything included, the cost of our new living room came to a _______ total of £10, 000.
A. full B. great C. gross D. grand
32. Meanwhile, California was now using up its entire entitlement and still growing by leaps and
bounds.
A. very slowly B. very quickly C. very suddenly D. very unexpectedly
33. Zoe was awarded compensation on the _______ that the doctor had been negligent.
A. reasons B. excuses C. grounds D. foundations
34. Hardship and hard work are very much part and _______ of student life.
A. package B. parcel C. province D. section
35. In __________, I wonder if we should have done more.
A. retrospect B. hindsight C. consideration D. knowledge
36. I think it’s time you __________ and told him you think things should be changed.
A. killed two birds with one stone B. put the cat among the pigeons
C. took the bull by the horns D. got out of the rat race
Take the book by the horns: làm sth khó khăn một cách can đảm
Kill two bird with one stone: một công đôi việc
37. The opposition will be elected into government at the next election, without a ________ of doubt.
A. shadow B. shade C. benefit D. hue
38. His English was roughly _______ with my Greek, so communication was rather difficult!
A. levelled B. on a par C. equal D. in tune
39. Although she had never used a word-processor before, she soon got the _______ of it.
A. feel B. touch C. move D. hang
40. I overslept this morning and caught the last bus to school by the skin of my _______.
A. mouth B. leg C. neck D. teeth
By the skin of one’s teeth: just barely
5/ READING COMPREHENSION
Read these passages carefully and choose the best answer for each of the questions
PASSAGE 1
MONACO’S BRITISH
From a sprawling penthouse overlooking the port crowded with luxury yachts, the two faces of
Monaco can be contemplated. First, there is the picturesque old town and the white and red castle
perched on a rock regally surveying the Mediterranean below. In the other direction, there is the uglier
face of the independent principality, every available yard covered with council-style tower blocks to
house the richest tax avoiders in the world. Within these blocks live the growing influx of Britons,
who now number 5000 - three times as many as ten years ago.
The expatriate population, with its own schools, pubs, clubs, radio station and cricket team is steadily
taking control of this narrow enclave's social life, just as it did in the nineteenth century when British
aristocrats and newly-rich industrialists flocked to the attractions around Europe’s first casino at
Monte Carlo. At its current growth rate, the British colony, lured by tax breaks and easier residency
conditions, may soon surpass the 6000 native Monegasques and a similar number of Italians.
However, it will take them much longer to overtake the French who, among their other privileges, run
the 400-strong police force that makes the mini-territory of 340,000 bank accounts virtually crime-
free.
The reason for expatriates flooding to Monaco is abundantly clear but how exactly do they spend their
time in the tax haven? What constitutes a typical day for the recently wealthy expatriates following in
the footsteps of Greek shipowners, Arab oil millionaires and Middle Eastern Jewish financiers who
 provided the post-war capital that turned the sleepy seaside rock into a prime investment paradise and
a safe place to hide your cash? The British racing drivers David Coulthard and Jensen Button, who
have become permanent residents, spend much of their time driving around the 2.2-square-kilometre
mini-nation. The entertainment set, including Roger Moore, Ringo Starr and Shirley Bassey keep a
low profile but the big money businessmen are more visible. Philip Green, the extravagant corporate
raider, whose three-day birthday in Cyprus cost £5 million, finds Monaco a handy place to meet new
economic exiles. But even these flamboyant inhabitants are usually discreet, shunning the nightlife in
favour of drinking at the nineteenth century Hotel de Paris, or lunching at Alain Ducasse's three-star
restaurant, where £1000 meals are routine.
The big names, though, are far outnumbered by rank-and-file new British expats who belong to what
is called the Monaco Mob. These invaders, attracted by the idle display of quickly-acquired wealth,
have little to do but walk the dog, sunbathe on the handkerchief-sized beaches, play the fruit machines,
read the Financial Times or spend the day in France. They may be on the Mediterranean but they settle
for recreating a familiar lifestyle in the two pubs, the Flashman and the Ship and Castle, or visiting
nightclubs with English names like Jimmy’z.
Unlike other foreigners, few Britons seek Monegasque nationality and few aim to be included in the
inner circle around the royal family, who actively discourage too much attention being focused on
their tax haven. Monaco, with its non-existent banking laws that have created a zone free of income
tax, and capital gains and inheritance taxes, openly encourages investment. This is perfectly legal in a
territory where there are no laws or tax fraud even though it has led to a substantial outflow of funds
from Britain estimated, according to a confidential report, to be about £1 billion annually. Trying to
trace the cash among the 340,000 accounts protected by secrecy laws is impossible, which makes
Monaco attractive to those who prefer not to disclose their liquid assets.
Apart from the Britons who have already got a foothold in the principality, there are many more
preparing to join them. Under a 1998 law, the Monaco royal family reduced residence qualifications
for citizens of European Union nations, making ownership of property unnecessary to obtain a ten-
year permit if the applicant has £5 million to invest. Renting a flat and an occasional visit each year is
now enough to claim credentials as an honorary Monegasque. These changes, which appear to be
having the desired effect of enticing yet more tax avoiders from Britain, are part of a drive to beat
Switzerland as Europe's best fiscal hideaway.
So, how will those straining at the leash to prevent the tax authorities from relieving them of some of
their precious assets be accommodated, when 300-metre-wide Monaco appears to be bursting at the
seams? Well, until recently one-fifth of the mini-state was under water. The royal family has had a
massive prefabricated steel segment floated in from Spain to be the base for another residential and
business zone. Here, under the watchful eye of the police force and the ubiquitous surveillance
cameras, the new British entrepreneurs will have somewhere safe to show off their riches.
41. Monaco is now a principality
A. dominated by its port. B. whose tower blocks appear to be getting taller.
C. of stark contrasts. D. which is spreading in all directions.
42. What does the present influx of Britons into Monaco have in common with that of the nineteenth
century?
A. It is being led by aristocrats. B. It is rapid.
C. It has been caused by the desire to gamble. D. It threatens the French domination of Monaco.
43. The word ‘expatriate’ in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to
A. repatriating B. emigrant C. molten D. immense
44. Most of the rich and famous Britons in Monaco
 A. have been responsible for its post-war transformation.
B. make numerous new business connections there.
C. are involved in the entertainment industry.
D. try to be fairly inconspicuous.
45. The word ‘disclose’ in the fifth paragraph is closest in meaning to
A. harden B. conceal C. lease D. unveil
46. The majority of British expatriates in Monaco
A. live in the same way as they would in Britain.
B. try to ingratiate themselves with the royal family.
C. are amongst the worst-behaved inhabitants.
D. belong to exclusive clubs.
47. What has been the result of the mass exodus of Britons to Monaco?
A. an investigation by British tax authorities into tax evasion
B. a freezing of Monegasque bank accounts in British names
C. a set of new tax laws forbidding transfer of funds out of Britain
D. a huge reduction in taxes previously paid by expatriates
48. Before 1998, in order to gain a Monaco residence permit, foreigners
A. were required to spend most of the year in the principality.
B. had to be from an EU country.
C. needed to have their own property there.
D. had to have at least £5 million in a bank account
49. The word ‘surveillance’ in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to
A. supervision B. invasion C. exaltation D. indifference
50. Where will the next group of expatriates be housed?
A. in the 20% of land yet to be developed
B. in new blocks that will replace those to be pulled down
C. in a new housing development near the city centre
D. in an area of land reclaimed from the sea
PASSAGE 2:
FOOD CHAINS
Originally, the idea of “food chain” was developed by a scientist named Charles Elton in 1927. Elton
described a general food chain in terms of where plants and animals get their energy. He started with
plants, which get energy form sunlight. Next, plant-eating animals get their energy by eating plants. At
the nest level of the chain, meat-eating animals get their energy from eating other animals. Elton’s
idea of a “chain” related to the concept that all these animals are linked together by what they
eat. Anything that affect one part of the chain affects all of the other parts of the chain. The first part
of the chain, plants, is called the producer. All of the parts of the chain above the producer are called
consumers.
Here is a simple example of a food chain. Grass uses sunlight to produce sugars and proteins so that it
can grow. Rabbits eat the grass and get energy from it. Foxes eat rabbits and get energy from them.
Foxes are at the “top” of this food chain because nothing eats them. Now imagine that a farmer plows
up the field of grass where the rabbits usually eat. Some of the rabbits might die. Others will probably
move to another location to find food. In either case, there are fewer rabbits. This means less food for
the foxes. Thus, the foxes depend on the grass in a way, even though they don’t eat grass directly.
In the natural world, of course, there are no food chains simple like this. Rabbits eat lots of plants
besides grass. Foxes eat lots of things besides rabbits. Additionally, there are lots of things in the
nature that eat grass and rabbits. Therefore, when trying to describe the real world, it is more
appropriate to think of food webs rather than food chains.
However, that does not mean the idea of a simple food chain is not important. Food chains are still a
useful concept to consider, even if they are an oversimplification of reality. Take, for example, the
case of DDT’s effect on animals. In 1960s, DDT, a common pesticide at that time, was used a lot by
farmers. Farmers only used a little at a time, so large animals were not harmed. However, once DDT
was used in a field, it did not go away. Whenever it was used, DDT just stayed in the environment.
Eventually, rain washed it into rivers and lakes. Plankton, a tiny water organism, absorbed the DDT.
Then, fish ate the plankton. There was not much DDT in one bit of plankton, but small fish consumed
many bits of plankton. Then, larger fish ate lots of the smaller fish. So, the concentration of DDT in
the larger fish became higher. Then, birds such as the osprey ate large quantities of the larger fish.
In the end, compared to the concentration of DDT in plankton, the concentration of DDT in osprey
was 10 million times greater! The DDT did not kill the osprey, though. It just made the female osprey
lay eggs with very thin shells. The shells were so thin that when the mother sat on the eggs, they
broke. Thus, the osprey population became greatly reduced before rebounding to today’s levels.
51. According to the passage, which of the following is true about Elton’s idea of food chains?
A. He only looked at plants and animals near his home.
B. Other scientists at the time rejected Elton’s idea.
C. The chain started with plants.
D. They measured the energy stored in food.
52. The expression “depend on” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to
A. count on B. have a relation to C. need D. trust
53. What does “others” in paragraph 2 refers to?
A. Farmers B. Food chains C. Foxes D. Rabbits
54. In paragraph 3, what does the author imply?
A. Animals that do not eat other animals. B. How simple food chains are limited
C. The relationship of rabbits and foxes D. Ways to teach food chains to students
55. As used in paragraph 2, what is the meaning of the word “field"?
A. An area of study B. A piece of land for plants
C. A place for plying games D. A region that is visible
56. Why does the author mention DDT in reference to food chains?
A. To compare this chemical’s effect on producers and consumers.
B. To explain why consumers sometimes become extinct
C. To illustrate the true complexity of nature
D. To show how the simple concept of food chains could be useful
57. All of the following are mentioned in the passage EXCEPT
A. a simple example of a food chain B. producers and consumers in the jungle
C. how a food chain helped explain a problem D. who came up with the idea of food chains
58. Why did large fish in rivers and lakes have high concentrations of DDT in their body?
A. The large fish ate small fish with DDT in them.
B. The large fish laid eggs in plankton with DDT in it.
C. The large fish naturally produced DDT.
D. The large fish swam in water with DDT in it.
59. What can be inferred from the last paragraph about osprey?
A. They became extinct. B. They began laying more eggs.
C. They stopped eating fish. D. They were helped before all of them died.
60. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence
in the passage?
A. Elton was the first person to show a chain of events linking plant eaters to meat eaters.
B. The image of a chain was used to help show the connection between the parts of a food chain.
 C. Chains are not usually thought of when people imagine food, but Elton still chose to use this image
for his theory.
D. Animals and plants are linked by chains according to Elton’s theory of natural foods.
6/ GUIDED CLOZE TEST
PASSAGE A: Read the text below and decide which answer best fit each space
MYSTERY OF THE DEEP
Every year, half a million visitors make their way to Loch Ness in Scotland. The loch is a dark and
mysterious expanse of water, 300 meters deep in places, but most visitors come in the hope of
(1)_______ a glimpse of the famous monster, Nessie. Those who believe in the monster's existence
claim that it is a type of marine dinosaur otherwise presumed to have become (2)_______ seventy
million years ago. More skeptical observers, however, regard the story as nothing more than a clever
ploy to attract the tourists.

Indeed, it was local hotel owner who made the first modern (3)_______ of the monster in 1933. The
local newspaper ran the story, which was then (4)_______ by the national and international press. A
photograph of the monster, taken the following year by Robert Wilson, a local doctor, created an
overnight (5)_______ worldwide. This photograph (6)_______ the most convincing evidence
available of the monster's existence for almost sixty years.

Dr Wilson had, however, taken part in an elaborate hoax. A fact only unlocked following the deathbed
confession of one of the other people involved in 1993. The photograph, which (7)_______ a serpent-
like head and neck rearing from the waters of the loch had been achieved using a (8)_______
disguised toy submarine. For the monster’s millions of fans, this was some of a (9)_______ but little
more than that. Only time will (10)_______ whether the other photographs that exist are genuine or
not, but meanwhile Nessie continues to intrigue people and tourists keep coming.

61. A. taking B. catching C. gaining D. finding

62. A. expired B. exempt C. extinct D. exhausted
63. A. meeting B. viewing C. seeking D. sighting
64. A. swept on B. picked up C. given out D. put through
65. A. sensation B. impression C. recognition D. perception
66. A. persisted B. remained C. insisted D. maintained
67. A. imagined B. illustrated C. visualised D. featured
68. A. strongly B. heavily C. severely D. powerfully
69. A. setback B. downfall C. drawback D. stopgap
70. A. truthful B. honest C. genuine D. sincere
PASSAGE B:
Oxford is a city with such a mind-blowing reputation that many who come here find themselves
intimidated by the place and can’t wait to leave, while others, taking to it like a (71) _________ to
water, find themselves returning again and again. The college lawn provide a gorgeous (72) _______
to serious study and in the right light, on a sunny winter’s morning say, one feels as if one is floating
on air, such is the sense of unreality. Oxford may like to pretend that it is at the intellectual (73)
________ of things, but in many ways it is no more than a sleepy (74) ________ where, to mix
metaphors, transitory students, the (75) _________ of their generation, wait in the (76) _______,
allowing their talents to (77)_________ before moving off into the industrial or political (78)
________. Much of this is a myth, of course. The (79) _________ get through the three years’ hard
 grind by simply putting their shoulders to the (80) ________ before going on to fairly average jobs.
Only for the tiny minority is Oxford the first elevation on the ladder to fame and fortune.
71. A. fish B. boat C. duck D. swimmer
72. A. curtain B. screen C. scene D. backdrop
73. A. wheel B. engine C. hub D. spoke
74. A. watershed B. stream C. tributary D. backwater
75. A. froth B. cream C. fat D. caviar
76. A. pavilion B. dressing room C. wings D. foyer
77. A. flourish B, open C. spread D. float
78. A. peak B. abattoir C. dead-end D. fast-lane
79. A. hot-blooded B. hot-headed C. level-headed D. kind-hearted
80. A. cart B. engine C. wheel D. boat
II. WRITING ( 70 pts)
1/ OPEN CLOZE TEST( 20 pts)
Read the texts below and think of the word which best fits each space. Use only ONE WORD for
each space.
PASSAGE A:
To my mind, Stephen Hawking’s legacy is (1)____twofold (that)___ he was both a brilliant scientist
who came up with some of the most revolutionary ideas of our time and a great communicator who
managed to (2)___carry (get)____ the world with him on a remarkable scientific journey. He got
people across the world talking and (3)___thinking (discussing)____ about complex science.

Some of his early work was linked to Einstein’s theory of general relativity, which takes (4)___space
(effort)____ and time and squashes them together to make what we call a spacetime. If you look at the
universe this way you see all sorts of strange (5)___phenomena (things)____ , including black holes.
Before Stephen’s work it was thought that nothing could escape a black hole, but his theoretical work
led to the theory of Hawking radiation, which allows some radiation to leak (6)___from (out)____ a
black hole, enabling them to slowly decay and eventually evaporate.

Stephen also worked on what has been called the Grand Theory of Everything – a single theory that
would explain everything in the universe on a small and large (7)___scale____ . In physics, we’ve
made great inroads in our understanding our universe. On the very small scale we have quantum
mechanics to explain how things work, and (8)___on____ the grand cosmological scale we have
general relativity to explain how things operate. But Stephen, with others, was trying to go
(9)____further___ to find a theory that linked both these domains. It was a grand challenge, and I
cannot think of a better person to (10)___take____ it on.

PASSAGE B:
Peter Benchley, the author who wrote the novel Jaws, thinks it may be partly his fault that people
don’t like sharks. The movie, based on his book, involved a terrifying monster fish (11)
_____whose_____ main purpose was to attack anyone and everyone in the ocean.
In (12) ____ fact_____, sharks kill approximately 12 people a year. In (13) ____contrast_____, people
kill millions of sharks every year and up to 90 percent of great white sharks have been (14)
____wiped____ out. Peter Benchley admits, ‘I created something that doesn’t exist.’ He hopes to set
(15) ___the_____ record straight (write or say sth in order to make the true facts known) with a new
documentary film he has made. The film focuses on some of the more attractive aspects of great white
sharks. For example, one extremely brave diver demonstrates that when you touch a shark on the nose,
(16) ___it____ goes very still.
Benchley grew up in Massachusetts in the US and (17) ____spent______ the large part of his
childhood swimming in the ocean. He got the idea of Jaws (18) ____from______ a newspaper article
about a man who caught a shark which (19) _____weighed_____ about 2, 000 kilos. When the movie
was made, Benchley had the opportunity to appear (20) _____as_____ an actor, playing the reporter
on the beach just before the shark attacks for the first time.

2/ WORD FORMATION. (20 pts)

PART 1: Complete each sentence, using the correct form of the word in parentheses
1. A large international meeting was held with the aim of promoting
________sustainable__________ development in all countries. (SUSTAIN)
2. A young person who is not yet an adult and who is guilty of committing a crime is called juvenile
_______delinquent_________ (DELINQUENCY)
3. I strongly believe that you have the ______inalienable_________ right to decide your own future
(ALIENATE) (không thể bị tước đoạt)
4. It's clear that you are a person of _______discernment________ . You always have the ability to
judge people and things well (DISCERN= perceive or recognize (something) discernity: to perceive
by the sight or some other sense
5. I was under the ________apprehension_________ that the course was for complete beginners.
(APPREHEND)
6. Let’s do something. I can’t stand being kept in this horrible _________suspense________ any
longer. (SUSPEND)
7. Is it ________obligatory_________ for both of us to stay in the office after hours? (OBLIGE)
8. This red button should only be pressed if a serious_______emergency__________ arises.
(EMERGE)
9. I was almost driven crazy by this ________continual_________ knocking on the wall.
(CONTINUE)
10. He's a reserved, _______taciturn_______ person. (TACIT)

PART 2: Complete the passage with appropriate forms from the words given from the box.

bacteria resist hygiene revolution increase

approv
prepare reduce minimum attract
e

The microwave oven has (11) ______revolutionized__________ the way food is cooked both at
home and within the food (12) _______preparation_______ industry. Although it met with the (13)
____disapproval__________ of many top chefs when it was invented, it is becoming an (14)
______increasingly________ common sight in many restaurant kitchens. So what are its advantages?
Firstly, there is a huge (15) _____reduction______ in the amount of time needed to prepare each
dish. Secondly, it is a very (16) ______hygeinic_____ way to cook, because microwaves are easy to
clean, and the high temperature involved (17) _____minimizing______ the risk of (18)
______bacterial_______ infection. Finally, microwave ovens are very (19) ______attractive________
 to the busy professional person who lives alone. The convenience of a “microwave dinner” is (20)
______irresistable_______ to someone who does not wish to waste their time sweating over a hot
cooker!
3/ ERROR IDENTIFICATION
The passage below contains 10 mistakes. Underline the mistakes and write their correct forms in
the space provided in the column on the right.
21. _____________
Crime preventing(prevention) is as crucial in the workplace as it is in the
22. ______________
home or neighborhood. Reducing crime is as much a part of good
management as prompt delivery, good staff relations, and other
23. ______________
acceptable(accepted) management functions. Losses from shops
through shoplifting are extremely high and ultimately, those losses are
24. ______________
payment(paid) for by all of us in high prices. There are many
opportunities for shopkeepers themselves to reduce shoplifting. As with
25. ______________
all types of criminal, prevention is better than cure. The best deterrent
is the present(presence) of staff properly trained in(on) how to identify
26. ______________
potential shoplifters. There are also many secure(security) devices now
available. Video camera surveillance is a popular system, even with
27. ______________
quite small retailers. In clothes shopping(shops), magnetic tag marking
systems that set off an alarm if they are taken out of the shop have
28. ______________
proved their worthless(worth). However, there are many simpler
measures that retailers should consider. Better lighting and ceiling- hung
29. ______________
mirrors can help staff to watch all parts of (the)display area. Similarly,
simply arrangement(arranging) shelves and display units to allow clear
30. _____________
fields of visible(vision) is a good deterrent.

4/ SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION (20pts)

1. It was such a beautiful day that we decided to go to the beach.

→ It was so beautiful a day that we decided to go to the beach.
2. I prefer driving to travelling by train. (RATHER)
→ I prefer to drive rather than travel by train
3. People say that he kicked a policeman.
→ He is supposed to have kicked a policement.
4. The man was standing at the gate.
→ Standing at the gate was the man.
5. “This problem must be solved immediately!” said the Managing Director. (FIND)
→ “Please take immediate actions to find a solution to this problem! said the Managing Director.
6. Students with an ID card won’t have to pay to get in. (ADMITTED)
→ Students with an ID card are admitted free of charge.
7. There are worries regarding the poor quality of the water. (EXPRESSED)
→ Concerns are being expressed in regard to the poor quality of the water.
8. If you hadn’t changed our original agreement, everything would have been fine. (STUCK TO)
→ Had you stuck to our original agreement, everything would have been fine
9 I think you should have some consideration for those who don’t have lives at privilege as yours.
(SPARE)
→ I think you should spare a thought for those who aren’t as privileged as yours.
10. Expressing feeling is not permitted in her family. (FROWN)
→ In her family, any expression of feeling is frowned on.
-The end-