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    Corrosion

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    muhammadumeryaqoob16
    Corrosion is the slow process of decay of metals due to chemical or electrochemical reaction with the environment. It occurs as a natural process and involves the formation of metal compounds like oxides as the metal surface reacts with gases in the atmosphere. Corrosion leads to tremendous economic losses worldwide and methods aim to minimize rather than eliminate it. Common prevention techniques include cathodic protection and surface coatings like metallic coatings involving hot-dipping metals in molten zinc or tin, and organic coatings like paints, lacquers and varnishes.

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    Corrosion

    Uploaded by

    muhammadumeryaqoob16
    14 views18 pages
    Corrosion is the slow process of decay of metals due to chemical or electrochemical reaction with the environment. It occurs as a natural process and involves the formation of metal compounds like oxides as the metal surface reacts with gases in the atmosphere. Corrosion leads to tremendous economic losses worldwide and methods aim to minimize rather than eliminate it. Common prevention techniques include cathodic protection and surface coatings like metallic coatings involving hot-dipping metals in molten zinc or tin, and organic coatings like paints, lacquers and varnishes.

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    Corrosion is the slow process of decay of metals due to chemical or electrochemical reaction with the environment. It occurs as a natural process and involves the formation of metal compounds like oxides as the metal surface reacts with gases in the atmosphere. Corrosion leads to tremendous economic losses worldwide and methods aim to minimize rather than eliminate it. Common prevention techniques include cathodic protection and surface coatings like metallic coatings involving hot-dipping metals in molten zinc or tin, and organic coatings like paints, lacquers and varnishes.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    14 views18 pages

    Corrosion

    Uploaded by

    muhammadumeryaqoob16
    Corrosion is the slow process of decay of metals due to chemical or electrochemical reaction with the environment. It occurs as a natural process and involves the formation of metal compounds like oxides as the metal surface reacts with gases in the atmosphere. Corrosion leads to tremendous economic losses worldwide and methods aim to minimize rather than eliminate it. Common prevention techniques include cathodic protection and surface coatings like metallic coatings involving hot-dipping metals in molten zinc or tin, and organic coatings like paints, lacquers and varnishes.

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    of 18

    Corrosion

    Prepared by:
    Mr. Asad Abbas
    Lecturer Chemistry Department
    University of engineering and technology,
    Lahore.
    Corrosion
    Destruction of a metal by chemical or electrochemical reaction with
    its environment.
    Physical or mechanical wearing away of a metal is not called
    corrosion but is called erosion.
    If corrosion and erosion take place together the destruction of the
    metal takes place very much faster.
    Corrosion is the slow process of decay of the metal due to the
    attack of the atmosphere gases on the surface of the metal,
    resulting in the formation of metallic compounds such as oxides,
    hydroxides, carbonates and sulphides etc.
    • Corrosion is a natural process
    • Corrosion is an electrochemical process
    • Corrosion leads to tremendous loss, it can
    not be eliminated completely but it’s extent
    can be minimized.
    Examples
    • Rusting of iron
    • Formation of green layer on the surface of
    copper
    Disadvantages of Corrosion
    1. The valuable metallic properties like conductivity, malleability,
    ductility etc. are lost due to corrosion.
    2. Life span of the metallic parts of the machineries is reduced.
    3. The process of corrosion is very harmful and is responsible for
    the enormous wastage of metal in the form of its compound.
    4. The failure of the machinery takes place due to lose of useful
    properties of metals.
    5. The approximate estimate of loss of metal due to corrosion is
    2 to 2.5 billion dollars per annum all over the world.
    Prevention from Corrosion
    The methods for corrosion protection are
    1. Cathodic protection
    2. Surface coatings
    Cathodic Protection
    In this method metal is protected by making it
    cathode and the other metals such as Zn, Mg and Al
    are made the anode. So, anode metal sacrifices itself
    and get corroded and cathodic metal remains intact.
    Surface Coatings
    There are two types of surface coatings.
    1. Metallic
    2. Organic
    Metallic Coatings
    The metals used for coatings may be placed under two categories
    (i) Metals which are anodic to the metal i.e., metals above it in galvanic series.
    (ii) Metals which are cathodic to the metal i.e., metals below it in galvanic series.
    Methods of applications of metal coatings
     Hot dipping: This technique is most widely used to control corrosion. Hot dipping
    is used for producing a coating for low melting metals such as Zn, Sn, Pb and Al.
    On Iron, steel, copper which are having high melting point usually underwent into
    corrosion due to their oxidizing property.
     The process in general consisting of immersed a metal in a bath of its molten
    coating & covered by a molten layer.
     The flux cleans the base metal & prevent oxidation of metal coating with molten
    solution.
    Hot dipping is widely applied either by
    1. Galvanizing
    2. Tinning
    Galvanizing
    It is the process in which iron or steel is protected from corrosion by
    coating with a thin layer of zinc.
    Iron or steel is first cleaned by pickling with dil. H2SO4 solution for 15-20
    minutes at 60-900C. The steel is then washed well and dried .
    The metal sheet is dipped in bath of molten Zinc maintained at 425-4300C.
    Then the metal sheet is passed through a pair of hot rollers which removes
    excess of Zinc and maintain uniform thickness of Zinc on metal sheet.
    Uses of Galvanization
    It is used to protect Iron used for roofing sheets, wires, pipes, nails,
    bolts, screws, buckets, and tubes.
    Defects
    Galvanized utensils are not used for cooking because of solubility of Zn.
    Tinning
    Tinning is the process of coating of tin over the Iron sheet or steel articles
    A cleaned iron sheet is passed through a bath of molten flux, then passes
    through a tank of molten tin and finally through a layer of palm oil which
    protect hot tin coated surface against oxidation.
    Uses
    It is widely used for coating of steel, copper, brass & bronze etc. It is
    used to store food stuff, ghee oils, kerosene pickles and used for
    refrigerators equipment.
    Organic Coatings
    Organic coatings protect the surface as they act as physical barriers between
    the metal to be protected and the corroding environment and are decorative.
    Different types of organic paint are used for this purpose some are given below.
    Water Paints
    Paint made with the water soluble binder such as gum Arabic and thinned
    with the water rather than oil giving a transparent color.
    Cellulose Paints
    Cellulose paints are the special type of paints. They are made up of
    celluloid sheets, nitrogen-cotton amyl acetate and photographic films. In
    these paints layer is hardened by evaporation of solvent. It provides
    smooth finish and not affected by water, smoke and acids etc. it is costly
    and only used for painting of aircrafts and motorcars etc.
    Oil Paints
    This is the ordinary paint and it is generally applied for three coatings
    of varying compositions. Oil paints are used in general for all types of
    surfaces, such as wood work, walls, ceilings, metal work etc. They contain
    unsaturated oil and their hardening is because of oxidation of the oil on
    exposure to the atmosphere.
    Lacquers
    This is a suspension of resins and cellulose ester in a
    volatile state. Lacquers are made from cellulose ester like
    cellulose nitrate and cellulose acetates which form a film and
    plasticizers such as castor oil improves the toughness and
    resistance to deterioration to weather.
    Varnishes
    Varnish is an almost homogeneous solution of resins in oil,
    alcohol or turpentine. It dries after applying, leaving a hard,
    transparent and glossy film of resins over the varnished surface.
    It is primarily used for wood to give its grains a detailed look.
    Questions?

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