LYCEUM-NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY

Tapuac District, Dagupan City

INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE AND PROFESSIONAL STUDIES

MOBILE PHONE: ITS EFFECT TO ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE

An Action Research

Presented to to Dr. Perlita Reyes

LYCEUM- NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY

Dagupan City, Pangasinan

In Partial Fulfillment

of the Requirements for the Subject

SOCIAL REGARDS IN LEARNING WITH ACTION RESEARCH

MARY JOY C, CAAYA, MEd-English

This introductory chapter presents the analysis of the situation. It also presents the

problem to investigate as well as the objectives that govern the study. Lastly, the significance of

the study which the researchers’ purports.

Situational Analysis

The advent of the pandemic brought about drastic changes globally. Economy swooped

down as the virus spread from one country to another. Cases continuously spiked up as variants

also threatened public health in which governments from various countries employed restrictions

to eliminate cases. We are up against an unseen enemy, one of the hardest battles we have ever

faced, one that has impacted all aspects of our lives: job, family, leisure time, and, most

importantly, our educational system. Restrictions imposed by the IATF due to the Covid-19

pandemic, students in schools have been unable to attend their lessons.

The term "new normal" was commonly used throughout the pandemic, and the new

normal in education is the increased usage of online learning resources. Educational institutions

all across the world adopt online learning to assist students in continuing their studies. A

customized teaching style based on online learning has become the new standard. Since

technological advancement took place even in education, does it equate to higher academic

performance? Academic performance is the ability to study and remember facts, as well as the

ability to communicate the knowledge verbally or non - verbally.

In 2003, DepEd released Order No.83 which reiterates the Department’s previous Orders

such as DO 26, s.2000 and DO.70, s.1999 both of which impose a ban on the use of cellular

phones by students during class hours. The prohibition applies to elementary and secondary

schools nationwide whether public or private.

a cellular network of base stations known as cell sites.We are currently in the fifth generation of

mobile phones, which allow us to send text messages, surf the internet, and make phone calls

from anywhere in the world. One of the world's fastest-growing new technologies is the mobile

phone. Many people feel anxious about a future without voice calling, text messaging, or mobile

internet access.Individuals of all ages use mobile phones, which have become an essential tool

in daily life. It has had a significant impact on society's accessibility, security, safety, and

coordination of economic and social activities and has become reflected in global culture.

(Soyemi, 2015). Mobile phones undoubtedly helped individuals in several ways, but they also had

some negative consequences. Mobile phone use has become an addiction in some

circumstances, and people are hooked up to their phones most of their working hours, studying,

playing, and even sleeping. Our culture, behavior, attitude, and language are all influenced by

mobile phones. As well as our health, education, and communication patterns are affected.

For today's students, having a mobile phone opens them to a world of possibilities and

problems. Many students bring their cellphones to school with them, in addition to their books and

school supplies. Depending on the student's mindset and usage habits, mobile phones can be a

beneficial academic tool or a destructive academic interruption.

Keeping students from using their phones during class hours is the most challenging task

for teachers. The use of this device appears to be uncontrollable among students, resulting in

distractions. In this era of Information & Technology, most of the tasks or work we perform are

carried out online. Most offices and departments favor paperless work. As a result, internet-

enabled mobile phones are helpful in this situation. However, controlling the usage of mobile

phones during class hours is a challenge since we use the phone itself in delivering education.Use

of mobile phones is prohibited inside the classroom during class hours but what if the mobile

phone is the very instrument to continue learning. Due to the pandemic, gadgets are used by

learners especially mobile phones in communicating, searching, editing etc. Thus, the
researchers want to know the extent of how mobiles phones affect students’ academic

performance.

Statement of the Problem

The researchers’ aim is to determine the effect of mobile phones on academic

performance of grade 11 STEM learners in Pangasinan National High School for the S.Y.2021-

2022.

Specifically, it will also seek answers on the following:

1.What is the profile of the respondents in terms of the following:

a. Age;

b. Sex;

c. Economic Status

2. What are the effects of mobile phones on academic performance of Grade 11 STEM Learners

of Pangasinan National High School for the S.Y.2021-2022?

3.Is there a significant relationship between the profile of the respondents to the influence of

mobile phone usage on academic performance?

Objective of the Study

The general objective of this study is to assess the effect of mobile phones on students'

performance.

The specific objectives are to

1. Find out how the use of mobile phones affects students' performance in Pangasinan National

High School's Grade 11 STEM Learners for the S.Y.2021-2022.

impact on their academic performance.

Importance of the Study

The findings of this study will redound to the academic community's benefit considering that phone

usage is prevalent nowadays which will justify the need for more teaching and learning

intervention. Thus, schools that apply the results of this study will be able to have an efficient

teaching learning process.

The finding of this research proved useful to the following, to wit;

The Learners. This study will help the learners to acquire learning skills and intervention.

Probably, it will augment their academic performance.

The Teachers. This study will allow the teacher to select the most appropriate teaching

strategies, learning tasks and materials that will cater to the needs of the learners.

The School Head. This study will prompt the school head to review or revise curriculum

for learners to grow holistically. An appropriate curriculum will therefore provide appropriate output

and the results would greatly affect the overall academic performance of the students.

The Parents. The result of this study will give an idea to the parents about the needs of

their children with regard to the use of mobile phones.

The Community. This study makes them aware of the problem face by educators and

propels them to be involved.

The Future Researchers. The information and insights that will be gained from this study

may serve as a guide in framing their conceptual frameworks and design and at the same time

encourage them to conduct lateral studies within their area of preferences.

This chapter will describe the participants and other sources of data and information, data

gathering method, and the data analysis technique.

Locale and Time of Study

The primary sources of data in this study will be gathered from Senior High School learners

Grade 11 STEM Pangasinan National High School this school year 2021-2022.

The Subject

The target population of the study are the enrolled learners who belong to Grade 11 STEM of

Pangasinan National High School. Among the 42 enrolled learners,there are 19 males and 23

females.

Data Collection

This study will use total population sampling which is a type of purposive sampling in which the

whole population of interest will be studied. Structured questionnaires will be used to gather

information from the respondents. The questionnaires will be designed in 2 sections. Section A

consists of the respondents’ profile, and section B contains questions based on the set research

questions.

Data Analysis

The following statistical tools were utilized in the analysis and interpretation of the data gathered:

Frequency Tally and Percentage. This statistical tool was employed to categorize the

responses of the student - participants in each specific question reflected in the survey

questionnaire.

Formula: P = (f/n) 100%

f= frequency

n=total number of respondents

Mean. This refers to the average of the sum of the observed values divided by the number

of observations (Subong & Beldia, 2005). This was used to categorize and supplement the

responses of the student - participants on their assessment on phone usage.

Formula: μ= Σfx/n

Where: μ = mean

Σ = (sigma) summation

fx = product of the frequency and the weight of the summative

n=total number of participants

Correlation. The correlation is one of the most common and most useful statistics. A

correlation is a single number that describes the degree of relationship between two variables.

Formula:

r= (NΣxy-(Σx)(Σy))/√([NΣx^2-(Σx)^2 ][NΣy^2-(Σy)²)

Where: N = number of pairs of scores

Σxy = sum of the product of the paired scores

Σx = sum of the x scores

Σy = sum of y scores
 Σx2 = sum of squared x scores

Σy2 = sum of squared y scores

III.RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

This chapter presents the findings on the data gathered in the study, the detail of

analysis made, presentation and the interpretation and also the findings in accordance to

the research problems or questions.

Pre- intervention

The researchers sought approval to conduct the study from the Principal. As

permission was granted, the researchers administered the questionnaires to the identified

respondents. Participation of the respondents was voluntary; no one was forced to

participate. The researcher opts to create a google form so the link was sent to the

participant with follow-up and guidance. Afterward, the researchers retrieved and

compiled the disseminated questionnaires and submitted them to the statistician for the

data to be tallied, tabulated, interpreted and analyzed.

Intervention

The questionnaire was disseminated to the respondents using a google form to

gather the needed information. Part I of the questionnaire is composed of the

demographic profile of the respondents which includes name, age, gender as well as

economic status. While the second part of the questionnaire is about the perceived

effect of the phone on the academic performance of the learners.

Figure 1
Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the Grade 11- STEM
According to Gender

Figure 2
Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the Grade 11- STEM
According to Age

Figure 3
Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the Grade 11- STEM
According to Economic Status
 The researchers surveyed to learn more about or determine the impact of mobile

phones on students' academic performance. The survey's material was in the form of a

Likert scale question, which included some questions that gauged the respondents'

opinions and feelings about the topic. After gathering the data, the researchers

analyzed the results of the survey.

II. Perceived Effect of Phone

Figure 4
Arbitrary Scale Used to Interpret the Perceived Effect of Phone Usage among the
Respondents

Scale Statistical limit Descriptive Value

5 4.21 – 5.00 Strongly Agree

4 3.41 – 4.20 Agree

3 2.61 – 3.40 Neutral

2 1.81 – 2.60 Disagree

1 1.00 – 1.80 Strongly Disagree

A. Academic Performance
 Figure 5

Mean Score of the Perceived Effect of Phone by the Grade 11- STEM Learners

B. Interaction Competency

Figure 6
Mean Score of the Perceived Effect of Phone by the Grade 11- STEM
Learners

C. Smartphone Self‐ Efficacy

Figure 7
Mean Score of the Perceived Effect of Phone by the Grade 11- STEM
Learners
 D. Behavioral Intention to Use Smartphone
Figure 8
Mean Score of the Perceived Effect of Phone by the Grade 11- STEM
Learners

Post- intervention

With these, the researchers will seek the help of the guidance counselors to give

some pieces of advice to the students who mishandled/misuse phones and affected

their class. We also encourage the students to join a seminar on how the students

should use their mobile phones properly. Aside from that, the researchers will propose

some of the various strategies and procedures that the teachers should do to address

the issue of using mobile phones.

The use of mobile phones has increased rapidly as a result of technological

advancements, with both positive and negative consequences. New media and social

networking sites have improved communication, but long-term use can lead to addictive

behavior.

Several types of research have been conducted to determine the impact of

mobile phones on humans. The primary goal of these studies was to analyze the effects

of mobile phone usage on Grade 11 STEM students' academic performance.

Haruna Rabiu, et al. (2016) published a research report titled "Impact of Mobile

Phone Usage on Academic Performance among Secondary School Students in Taraba

State, Nigeria.", which was published in The European Scientific Journal (Vol. 12, No.

1). It comprises information from a study done among secondary students to determine

the extent to which mobile phones have penetrated their lives. According to the findings

of this study, mobile phone usage has a significant impact on academic performance

among male and female senior secondary school students. The author stressed the

importance of raising awareness among students, parents, and teachers about the

impact of mobile phone usage on student academic achievement.

The study "Mobile phone to youngsters: Necessity or addiction," written by Ishfaq

Ahmed, Tehmina Fiaz Qazi, and Khadija Aijaz Perji (2016) and published in the African

Journal of Business Management (Vol.5, No. 32), focuses on the pattern of mobile

phone usage among the youth. A total of 500 students from a Pakistani institution

participated in the study. According to the findings of this study, the majority of

respondents have clear priorities between their responsibilities and commitments and
their mobile phone usage. Only a small percentage of people engage in extreme

addictive behaviors, while the majority do not engage in addictive behavior regularly.

Having the results taken from the data, learners agreed that phones are useful in

their academics but it doesn't mean that it increases their productivity. Learners strongly

agree when it comes to interactivity using phones and when searching for information. A

high percentage of the learners agreed that phones are beneficial when reaching out to

their teachers.

IV.CONCLUSION

The following conclusions are derived based on the results and findings of the study.

1.There are many ways that smartphones affect the academic lives of the

Grade 11 STEM students at Pangasinan National High school.

2.Learners said that they find smartphones helpful in keeping in contact with

their teachers. Moreover, a higher percentage of the students found

smartphones convenient in accessing their academic materials.

3.The use of smartphones made an impact on students both positively and

negatively.

4..The effective use of smartphones brings in more advantages than

disadvantages to learners’ lives.

V.RECOMMENDATION

1. The present study can be conducted on a larger number of students.

2. A more in- depth study could be conducted in different public and private

schools to compare the results and to investigate the effect of mobile phones on

academic performance.
 3. Academic institutions should also implement programmes that can restrict

students from using social network sites and applications while attending lectures.

VI.ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

To my beloved professor Dr. Perlita Reyes, thank you for guiding and enlightening

me in writing our action research. We have benefited greatly from your wealth of

knowledge as you share it with us and we are extremely grateful.

To the interviewees, thank you so much for generously giving time out of hectic

schedules to participate in our research and make it possible.

To my very own family, I owe you a lot for graciously supporting us in this

endeavor.

Most of all, to God Almighty for the knowledge and wisdom as well as strength in

accomplishing this for our Master’s degree.

VII.REFERENCES

Ahmed, I., Qazi T.F., and Perji, K. A. (2011). Mobile phone to youngsters: Necessity or

addiction. Retrieved November 17, 2021, from

https://academicjournals.org/article/article1380698247_Ahmed%20et%20al.pdf

D'Ambra, J., Wilson, C. S., & Akter, S. (2013). Application of the task‐ technology fit

model to structure and evaluate the adoption of E‐ books by Academics. Journal of the

American Society for Information Science and Technology, 64(1), 48-64.

media in learning contexts: A structural approach. Journal of the American society for

information science and technology, 62(11), 2182-2200.

McGill, T. J., & Klobas, J. E. (2009). A task–technology fit view of learning management

system impact. Computers & Education, 52(2), 496-508.

Rabiu, H., Mohammed, A. I., Umaru Y., Ahmed, H. T. (2016). Impact of Mobile Phone

Usage on Academic Performance Among Secondary School Students in Taraba State,

Nigeria. November 17, 2021, from https://eujournal.org/index.php/esj/article/viewFile/6

911/6630

Soyemi, Jumoke.(2015). Analysis of Mobile Phone Impact on Students Academic

Performance in Tertiary Institution. Retrieved November 17, 2021, from

http://www.ijetae.com/files/Volume5Issue1/IJETAE_ 0115_57.pdf

VIII.APPENDICES

Appendix A

QUESTIONNAIRE

MOBILE PHONE: ITS EFFECT TO ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE

The purpose of this study is to collect information about the effect of mobile phone to
academic performance of the learners. Any information obtained with this study that can be
identified with you will remain confidential.

Dear Respondents,
We are Master of Education students who are presently conducting a study
entitled “MOBILE PHONE: ITS EFFECT TO ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE”, in partial fulfillment
of the requirements for the Master of Education in Lyceum Northwestern University.
In this regard , I am asking for your precious time and effort to answer all the
questions in the questionnaire that are important and helpful for the completion of the study.
 Rest assured that all information /data you provide will be strictly kept
confidential. Your positive response in this request will be a valuable contribution for the
success of this study and will be highly appreciated.

Best Regards,

MARY JOY C, CAAYA

Note : Please supply the necessary information or check the appropriate space for the answer
as requested and write your answer on the space provided.

Part I : Profile
NAME : __________________________________________________(Optional )

1.Sex
_____a. male
_____b. female

2.Age___________

3.Economic Status
_____a. Below poverty line
_____b. Low income
_____c. Middle income
_____d. High income
Part II : Perceived Effect on the Use of Mobile Phone
Directions : Please put a check mark if you agree or disagree with each statement.
5= Strongly Agree
4=Agree
3= Neutral
2=Disagree
1=Strongly Disagree

Indicators Strongly Agree(2) Neutral(3) Disagree(4) Strongly

A. Academic
Performance
1.Using a
smartphone helps
me to study more
efficiently

2.Using a
smartphone
improves my
performance in
studying.

3.Using a
smartphone
increases my course
work productivity.

4.Using a
smartphone
enhances my study

effectiveness.

5.Overall, I find a
smartphone useful
in my studies.

B.Interaction
Competency

6. With a
smartphone, I can
maintain social
relationships with
others.
7. With a
smartphone, I can
get feedback
quickly.

8.With a
smartphone, I can
interact with others
using multiple tools.

9.With a
smartphone, I can
interact with others
no matter where
they are.

10. With a
smartphone, I can
easily have a

longer conversation
with others.

C. Smartphone
Self‐ Efficacy

11. With a
smartphone, I
currently take tests.

12.With a
smartphone, I
currently register for
courses.
13.With a
smartphone, I
currently navigate
course websites and
read course
material.

14.With a
smartphone, I
currently work on
assignments,
presentations

15.With a
smartphone, I
currently search for
information.

D.Behavioral
Intention to Use
Smartphone

16.With a
smartphone, I want
to email friends
about classes.

17.With a
smartphone, I want
to make phone calls
to friends about
classes.

18. With a
smartphone, I want
to send text
messages to friends
about classes.
19.With a
smartphone, I want
to send messages
via Facebook to
friends about
classes.

20. With a
smartphone, I am
able to contact an
instructor.